minister’s foreword - agriculture.vic.gov.au · web viewthe sector employs more than 66,000...

Victorian Foodand Fibre ExportPerformance Report2018-19

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Published by Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions1 Spring Street Melbourne, Victoria 3000Telephone +61 (0) 3 9651 9999December 2019© Copyright State Government of Victoria 2019This publication is copyright. No part may be reproducedby any process except in accordance with provisions of theCopyright Act 1968.Authorised by the Victorian Government, Melbourne.ISSN 1832-2905 (print)ISSN 2202-931 (pdf/online)

DisclaimerThe information contained in this report is provided forgeneral guidance and assistance only and is not intendedas advice. You should make your own inquiries as to theappropriateness and suitability of the information provided.While every effort has been made to ensure the currency,accuracy or completeness of the content we endeavour tokeep the content relevant and up to date and reserve theright to make changes as required. The Victorian Government,authors and presenters do not accept any liability to anyperson for the information (or the use of the information)which is provided or referred to in the report.Except for any logos, emblems, trademarks, artwork andphotography this document is made available under theterms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Australialicence.

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Minister’s foreword................................................................................................................................................................................ 4

Summary............................................................................................................................................................................................... 5

Victorian food and fibre export performance 2018–19....................................................................................................................5

Destinations........................................................................................................................................................................................... 8

Case study............................................................................................................................................................................................ 9

Export supply chain innovation.............................................................................................................................................................. 9

Export Performance by Industry.......................................................................................................................................................... 10

Meat..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10

Animal Fibre........................................................................................................................................................................................ 12

Dairy.................................................................................................................................................................................................... 14

Horticulture.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 16

Prepared foods.................................................................................................................................................................................... 18

Forest products................................................................................................................................................................................... 20

Grains.................................................................................................................................................................................................. 22

Skins and hides................................................................................................................................................................................... 24

Wine.................................................................................................................................................................................................... 26

Animal feed......................................................................................................................................................................................... 28

Textile, clothing and footwear.............................................................................................................................................................. 30

Seafood............................................................................................................................................................................................... 32

Export Performance by Region and Key Destination..........................................................................................................................34

Case Study: A new approach to managing Queensland fruit fly.........................................................................................................34

North Asia............................................................................................................................................................................................ 35

South-East Asia................................................................................................................................................................................... 37

North America..................................................................................................................................................................................... 38

The Middle East and North Africa (MENA)..........................................................................................................................................39

South Asia........................................................................................................................................................................................... 41

China................................................................................................................................................................................................... 42

Japan................................................................................................................................................................................................... 44

USA..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 46

New Zealand....................................................................................................................................................................................... 48

Malaysia.............................................................................................................................................................................................. 50

Indonesia............................................................................................................................................................................................. 52

South Korea........................................................................................................................................................................................ 54

Hong Kong.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 56

Singapore............................................................................................................................................................................................ 58

Vietnam............................................................................................................................................................................................... 60

United Arab Emirates.......................................................................................................................................................................... 62

India..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 64

Thailand............................................................................................................................................................................................... 66

Taiwan................................................................................................................................................................................................. 68

Italy...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 70

Philippines........................................................................................................................................................................................... 71

Case Study: Alternative proteins: challenges and opportunities.........................................................................................................73

Definitions and Data............................................................................................................................................................................ 74

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Minister’s forewordOn behalf of the Andrews Labor Government, I am pleased to present Victoria’s latest food and fibre export performance report. In 2018-19 Victoria maintained its strong export performance, generating food and fibre exports valued at $14.2 billion in the face of challenges caused by drought and dry seasonal conditions.

In 2018-19 Victoria’s food and fibre exports were valued at $14.2 billion, an increase of $98 million on the previous year– keeping Victoria as the nation’s largest food and fibre exporter with 27 per cent of the national total.

This report highlights the size and diversity of our food and fibre export sector and the remarkable achievements of our producers and manufacturers. It charts the state’s progress towards our government’s target to grow the state’s food and fibre exports to $20 billion by 2030.

The meat industry had a particularly strong year – increasing export value by 23 per cent to $4.1 billion, making meat Victoria’s most valuable food and fibre export.

Horticulture exports also performed well, increasing in value by 38 per cent to $1.6 billion. It was a recordbreaking year for table grapes and almonds, with exports for each reaching over half a billion dollars.

Other food and fibre export industries to perform strongly were dairy, forest products, wine and seafood.

Victoria saw a 31 per cent loss in export volume, mostly due to lower grain production caused by seasonal conditions and Victorian grain being sold domestically to support the national shortfall.

Victoria’s exports are vital to the growth of our regional and rural communities, with the food and fibre sector generating 200,000 jobs in production and manufacturing.

The Labor Government has announced more than $81 million in targeted drought support since October 2018 to support communities hit hardest by dry conditions. This most recent support package includes a $15 million Farmers’ Drought Fund to help farming businesses and families that need it most.

This is in addition to our government’s continued and targeted focus on research and innovation, and our record investment into Victorian biosecurity to keep our agriculture industry protected from pests and diseases.

We are also building the capability of Victorian exporters and strengthening our relationships and opportunities across the world, with our $8 million Growing Food and Fibre Markets program building our international reputation for high quality produce. Through our support to deliver Global Table and attendance at international trade shows such as Gulfood in Dubai and FoodEx in Japan we are promoting our local producers to key international markets.

Congratulations to all our food and fibre producers, manufacturers and exporters for their hard work and resilience, innovation and significant contribution to the state of Victoria.

Jaclyn Symes

Minister for AgricultureMinister for Regional Development

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SummaryVictorian food and fibre export performance 2018–19Victorian food and fibre exports$14.2bnUp $98m (1%)27% of national food and fibre exports

Food$10.4bnUp $175m (2%)26% of national food exports

Fibre products$3.8bnDown $77m (2%)29% of national fibre exports

Meat – Victoria’s largest value export$4.1bn $765m or 23%on the previous year

USA highest value market for meat exports$1.0 billionUp $175m or 28% on the previous year

China highest value market for horticulture$566 millionUp $323m or 133% on the previous year

China highest value market for wine exports$190 millionUp $22m or 13% on the previous year

BeefUp 35%

Stone fruitUp 51%

AlmondsUp 63%

Exports to VietnamUp 10%

Exports to South KoreaUp 31%

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Victorian food and fibre exports were valued at $14.2 billion in 2018-19, an increase of $98 million on 2017-18. The value of food exports alone was $10.4 billion, an increase of $175 million on the previous year. The value of fibre exports decreased by $77 million on the previous year to $3.8 billion.

The value of Victorian food and fibre exports in 2018-19 increased by one per cent on the previous year. This was accompanied by a 31 per cent decline in volume. High value exports – especially meat, wool and dairy – collectively accounted for 57 per cent of the total value of the state’s food and fibre exports. This report focuses on the export performance of key agricultural commodities (including food manufacturing) and export destinations from 2014-15 through to 2018-19. The data is presented and aggregated by state of origin as opposed to state of loading. State of origin is based on statistics compiled by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), to identify the Australian State in which the final stage of production or manufacture occurred (ABS 5489.0 - International Merchandise Trade, Australia, Concepts, Sources and Methods). For further information please see the data and definitions section of this report. Volumes throughout the report are shown in gross weight (tonnes).

Table 1. Australia food and fibre exports by state of origin (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)

State of origin

2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 $ change*

% change*

% totalA$ Vol A$ Vol A$ Vol A$ Vol A$ Vol

Victoria 12,252 9,029 12,114 8,545 12,767 10,809 14,130 10,504 14,228 7,259 98 1% 27%

Queensland 9,177 5,042 9,078 5,380 9,699 6,773 8,610 5,083 8,668 3,920 58 1% 16%

New South Wales

7,968 5,741 8,350 5,602 9,736 9,268 9,123 5,911 8,567 4,022 -556 -6% 16%

Western Australia

6,564 12,533 6,528 12,018 7,088 13,470 6,664 10,807 8,343 14,157 1,678 25% 16%

South Australia

5,444 6,511 5,548 6,321 5,882 7,490 6,305 7,877 5,437 4,251 -868 -14% 10%

Tasmania 759 645 844 583 814 543 1,050 1,012 1,056 1,033 6 1% 2%

Others# 4,578 16,510 4,708 16,321 5,034 21,314 6,325 20,352 6,952 14,514 627 10% 13%

Total Australia

46,742 56,010 47,170 54,771 51,020 69,667 52,207 61,545 53,251 49,156 1,043 2% 100%

*$ change and % change based on the difference between 2017-18 data and 2018-19 data. # Others refers to export data from the Australian Capital Territory, Northern Territory, re-exports and exports for which no state details are released for confidentiality reasons.Note: unless otherwise specified, dollar values quoted in this report have been rounded to the nearest million, or to the nearest single decimal place where expressed in billions. Figures in the product category tables have also been rounded resulting in some total Victoria values being slightly different to the aggregate product and item totals in each table.

Figure 1. Value of Victorian food and fibre exports (A$ million)

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Food and fibre exports Table 2. Victorian food and fibre exports by commodity group (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Commodity group 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 $

change*%

change*%

totalA$ Vol A$ Vol A$ Vol A$ Vol A$ Vol

Meat 3,113 608 2,756 521 2,440 436 3,343 577 4,108 661 765 23% 29%Animal fibre 1,641 335 1,649 217 1,835 225 2,179 267 2,068 209 -111 -5% 15%Dairy 2,028 565 1,868 591 1,751 554 1,908 569 1,954 580 46 2% 14%Horticulture 908 294 1,188 351 1,100 373 1,147 386 1,583 447 436 38% 11%Prepared foods** 957 228 1,322 265 1,483 269 1,725 311 1,478 265 -247 -14% 10%Forest products^ 696 3,173 720 3,538 793 3,593 708 3,192 745 2,951 37 5% 5%Grain^ 1,365 3,011 967 2,178 1,795 4,510 1,521 4,324 649 1,234 -872 -57% 5%Skins and hides 551 211 512 187 409 168 462 195 408 195 -54 -12% 3%Wine 200 88 251 122 290 132 362 154 404 166 42 12% 3%Animal feed^ 256 373 267 413 235 370 263 427 317 462 54 21% 2%TCF^ 355 138 418 146 432 166 270 96 268 83 -3 -1% 2%Seafood 181 4 197 17 204 12 240 5 245 6 5 2% 2%Total Victoria 12,252 9,029 12,114 8,545 12,767 10,809 14,13 10,504 14,228 7,259 98 1% 100%

Food exportsTable 3. Victorian food exports by commodity group (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Commodity group 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 $

change*%

change*%


Meat 3,113 608 2,756 521 2,440 436 3,343 577 4,108 661 765 23% 39%Dairy 2,028 565 1,868 591 1,751 554 1,908 569 1,954 580 46 2% 19%Horticulture 908 294 1,188 351 1,100 373 1,147 386 1,583 447 436 38% 15%Prepared 957 228 1,322 265 1,483 269 1,725 311 1,478 265 -247 -14% 14%Grain^ 1,365 3,011 967 2,178 1,795 4,510 1,521 4,324 649 1,234 -872 -57% 6%Wine 200 88 251 122 290 132 362 154 404 166 42 12% 4%Seafood 181 4 197 17 204 12 240 5 245 6 5 2% 2%Total Victoria 8,752 4,799 8,549 4,044 9,063 6,286 10,24 6,326 10,42 3,359 175 2% 100%

Fibre exportsTable 4. Victorian fibre exports by commodity group (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Commodity group 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 $

change*%

change*%


Animal fibre 1,641 335 1,649 217 1,835 225 2,179 267 2,068 209 -111 -5% 54%

Forest products^ 696 3,173 720 3,538 793 3,593 708 3,192 745 2,951 37 5% 20%

Skins and hides 551 211 512 187 409 168 462 195 408 195 -54 -12% 11%

Animal feed^ 256 373 267 413 235 370 263 427 317 462 54 21% 8%

TCF^ 355 138 418 146 432 166 270 96 268 83 -3 -1% 7%

Total Victoria 3,499 4,230 3,565 4,501 3,704 4,523 3,883 4,178 3,806 3,901 -77 -2% 100%

*$ change and % change based on the difference between 2017-18 data and 2018-19 data. ^Export figures need to be used with caution. Some grain, forestry, TCF and animal feed exports are affected by confidentiality agreements.**Prepared foods are classified as those which have been substantially transformed from their raw product basis and may have input from more than one food production industry.

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DestinationsTable 5. Victorian food and fibre exports by destination (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes) 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 $

change*% change*

% totalDestination A$ Vol A$ Vol A$ Vol A$ Vol A$ Vol

China 2,932 3,075 3,218 3,291 3,613 3,858 4,580 3,983 4,680 3,065 100 2% 33%Japan 966 762 990 746 918 385 1,087 389 1,292 826 205 19% 9%

United States 1,139 279 961 198 826 204 972 165 1,240 198 268 28% 9%

New Zealand 677 380 736 318 708 452 758 563 787 316 29 4% 6%

Malaysia 468 289 404 292 419 386 498 502 501 327 3 1% 4%

Indonesia 573 419 556 484 560 548 597 800 499 284 -98 -16% 4%

South Korea 402 388 400 337 385 332 366 187 479 161 113 31% 3%

Hong Kong 420 124 498 122 502 117 511 100 453 94 -58 -11% 3%

Singapore 438 211 348 129 354 152 345 142 363 134 17 5% 3%

Vietnam 326 314 351 262 394 524 310 463 340 235 30 10% 2%

United Arab 348 128 316 110 317 145 333 136 339 100 6 2% 2%

India 353 183 308 92 629 666 379 152 292 85 -87 -23% 2%

Thailand 317 220 245 179 269 303 288 319 258 180 -30 -10% 2%

Taiwan 234 216 233 213 242 213 238 225 243 154 5 2% 2%

Italy 126 27 148 37 127 26 193 54 213 19 20 10% 1%

Philippines 171 143 145 113 187 348 209 292 145 66 -64 -31% 1%

Egypt 132 174 93 86 96 119 115 112 144 112 28 25% 1%

Papua New Guinea 142 134 125 116 130 113 160 225 128 62 -32 -20% 1%

Saudi Arabia 200 94 145 74 115 69 133 73 128 53 -5 -4% 1%

Kuwait 91 23 79 23 68 18 97 66 111 28 14 14% 1%*$ change and % change based on the difference between 2017-18 data and 2018-19 data.

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Case studyExport supply chain innovationThe Victorian Government is working with the Australian Government and industry to improve the freshness, consistency and reputation of Australia’s summerfruit and table grape exports.

Australia’s horticulture exports can take up to 35 days from the time of harvest to reach Asian markets.

Many factors during transit contribute to the quality and shelf-life of fruit when it reaches consumers. These include the cultivar, maturity of the fruit at the time of harvest and environmental conditions during export.

Agriculture Victoria within the Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions is working with industry to deliver consistent high-quality fruit that meets consumer expectations and build trust for Australian products among overseas consumers.

Starting in 2017, Agriculture Victoria is conducting a five-year research and innovation project to determine the impact of Australia’s export supply chain to Asia on summerfruit and table grape quality.

In research so far, smart sensor technology has been used during sea and air freight to monitor environmental conditions such as storage temperature and export duration on more than 40 export consignments.

Agriculture Victoria has also simulated air and sea freight exports to develop models that predict changes in the physiology and quality of fruit (e.g. firmness or likelihood of storage disorders) and remaining shelf-life. Cultivar and fruit maturity at the time of harvest are essential factors included in the fruit quality models.

During the first three years of the project, this research has provided industry with recommendations for 16 summerfruit cultivars based on their suitability for sea freight. The research work has also set the foundation for further investigation into shipping durations, temperature management, on-farm handling periods, cultivar-specific optimal harvest times, and transport routes and methods.

Australia’s horticulture industry is now better-equipped to:

1) make confident marketing decisions

2) drive improvements in horticulture export supply chains in line with consumer expectations, and

3) strengthen Australia’s reputation for high quality fruit exports.

During 2018-19, Australia’s summerfruit and table grape industries had a combined export value of $644 million. New market access and revised export protocols in 2017 have seen summerfruit and table grape exports to China increase in value by 53 per cent since 2017-18. Table grapes account for 25 per cent of Australia’s horticulture exports to China, valued at $217 million in 2018-19.

Agriculture Victoria is conducting this research in partnership with Horticulture InnovationAustralia, the Australian Government, the Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries,The University of Queensland and the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

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Export Performance by Industry

MeatExport performance for Victorian meat products remained strong despite challenging domestic conditions. Meat exports from Victoria were valued at $4.1 billion in 2018-19, an increase of $765 million (23 per cent) on 2017-18. Beef ($1.75 billion) and sheepmeat ($1.73 billion) were the most valuable meat export categories, comprising 84 per cent of Victorian meat exports. The USA was Victoria’s largest meat export destination at $1.019 billion. Meat exports to China increased by $214 million to $687 million (up 45 per cent).

Many factors kept meat export prices buoyant including strong demand for red meat from key export markets, a relatively low Australian dollar and increased slaughter numbers due to dry seasonal conditions across large areas of eastern Australia.

The value of beef exports increased by 35 per cent in 2018-19, with China a key driver of this increase.

Lower cost beef export competitors such as Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina increasingly focussed on growth markets in Asia, particularly China, increasing competition for Australian red meat producers.

The value of sheepmeat exports remained high in 2018-19. Lamb prices increased significantly due to strong export demand and dry conditions. Lamb exports to the USA increased 22 per cent. Lamb exports to China increased by 58 per cent, due to increased demand from wealthy consumers for premium product. China’s imported sheepmeat market expanded to a record 319,000 tonnes, with imports from Australia up 28 per cent and New Zealand up 29 per cent (MLA, 2019).

Total beef imports by China from all countries were up 49 per cent in 2018, with all major beef exporting countries including Australia filling this demand (New Zealand up 39 per cent, Brazil up 63 per cent, Argentina up 109 per cent and Uruguay up 12 per cent).

Table 6. Victorian meat exports by product category and item (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)

2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 $ change* % change*

% total Product and item A$ Vol A$ Vol A$ Vol A$ Vol A$ Vol

Beef Total 1,554 278 1,314 218 905 147 1,318 220 1,775 266 457 35% 43%

Beef fresh or frozen 1,498 265 1,214 196 887 143 1,238 200 1,678 246 440 36% 41%

Live animals 55 13 100 22 17 5 80 20 97 20 17 21% 2%

Sheepmeat Total 1,061 201 954 186 1,040 171 1,464 222 1,735 246 271 19% 42%

Lamb fresh or frozen 741 125 675 116 761 114 1,058 146 1,246 158 188 18% 30%

Sheepmeat fresh or frozen 302 74 270 67 274 <0.5 401 75 486 87 85 21% 12%

Live animals 18 3 10 3 5 <0.5 5 1 3 <0.5 -2 -47% 0%

Offal Total 198 65 183 53 167 49 219 64 258 76 39 18% 6%

Other prepared meat products Total 112 12 100 13 88 13 120 14 114 16 -6 -5% 3%

Animal fats Total 43 11 60 18 65 19 80 21 94 24 14 18% 2%

Alternative meat Total 105 19 97 15 133 17 98 14 85 10 -13 -13% 2%

Fresh or frozen 104 19 95 15 133 17 97 13 80 9 -17 -17% 2%

Live animals 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 5 <0.5 4 300% 2%

Poultry Total 21 16 16 11 18 14 23 14 26 16 3 15% 1%

Fresh or frozen 20 16 15 11 16 14 20 14 22 16 2 10% 1%

Eggs 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 0 <0.5% 0%

Live animals <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5% 0%

Pig meat Total 20 6 32 7 24 6 23 7 22 8 -1 -4% 1%

Fresh or frozen 17 5 29 6 21 5 19 5 18 6 -1 -5% 0%

Prepared or preserved 2 1 3 1 2 1 3 1 4 2 1 16% 0%

Total Victoria 3,113 608 2,756 521 2,440 436 3,343 577 4,108 661 765 23% 100%

*$ change and % change based on the difference between 2017-18 data and 2018-19 data.

Figure 3. Top 10 countries for Victorian meat exports by value (A$ million)

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Figure 4. Value (%) Australian meat exports by state 2018-19

*others refers to ACT, NT, re-exports,and exports for which no state detailsare released for confidentiality reasons

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Animal FibreVictoria is Australia’s second largest wool producing state and the largest wool exporter. Victoria produces approximately 23 per cent of Australia’s total wool accounting for 52 per cent of the nation’s exports in 2018-19.

Wool production and exports declined in 2018-19. Dry seasonal conditions across most wool growing regions reduced the number of sheep shorn nationally, and reduced the average wool cut per head.

The Eastern Market Indicator (EMI) price for wool is a weighted average price across different wool types. In 2018–19 the EMI averaged an estimated 1,945 cents per kilogram. Wool prices were high compared with recent years, especially in US dollar terms—the currency most used to purchase Australian wool. The EMI declined slightly in late 2018 but was supported over the remainder of 2018–19 by falling wool supply and depreciation of the Australian dollar (ABARES, 2019).

Animal fibre exports from Victoria were valued at $2.068 billion in 2018-19, a decrease of $111 million (five per cent) on 2018-19. Wool exports made up 98 per cent of all animal fibre exports valued at $2 billion in 2018-19. Course wool exports showed the largest decline.

China was Victoria’s largest export market for wool in 2018-19 valued at $1.4 billion, making up 69 percent of all wool exports from Victoria, followed by Italy at $182 million (up 20 percent) in 2018-19.

Table 7. Victorian animal fibre exports by product category and item (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)

2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 $ change* % change*


Wool Total 1,525 197 1,614 183 1,791 188 2,119 197 2,025 161 -94 -4% 98%

Medium wool (20-23 μm) 569 69 588 62 689 70 1,008 87 957 71 -51 -5% 46%

Fine wool (<19 μm) 735 89 827 88 952 90 899 71 909 65 10 1% 44%

Coarse wool A (24-27 μm) 128 22 111 17 89 14 134 20 102 13 -32 -24% 5%

Coarse wool B (>28 μm) 93 18 87 16 61 14 78 19 57 11 -21 -27% 3%

Other animal fibres <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0%

Wool grease and wastes Total 101 128 27 32 36 35 54 69 38 48 -16 -30% 2%

Other animal fibres Total 14 9 4 1 4 1 3 1 4 1 1 27% 0%

Yarn products Total 1 <0.5 4 1 3 1 3 <0.5 1 <0.5 -2 -77% 0%

Raw silk Total 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0% 0%

Total Victoria 1,641 335 1,649 217 1,835 225 2,179 267 2,068 209 -111 -5% 100%


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Figure 5. Top 10 countries for Victorian animal fibre by value (A$ million)

Figure 6. Value (%) Australian animal fibre exports by state 2018-19


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DairyInternational markets for Victorian dairy products remained strong despite challenging domestic conditions. Victorian domestic farmgate milk price increased by 6 per cent to $6.13 per kilogram of milk solids (2018-19 Victorian Dairy Farm Monitor Project). However, the milk price increase was offset by widespread drought across eastern Australia, that reduced fodder availability and pushed irrigation water, grain and fodder prices to near record highs. The conditions resulted in farm gate profits reducing by 47 per cent from 2017-18, to $85,000 before interest and tax.

Victorian milk production reduced by seven per cent in 2018-19 compared to the previous year (Dairy Australia production data). Victoria accounted for 64 per cent of Australia’s dairy production by volume in 2018-19. Despite the challenging seasonal conditions reducing domestic milk production, the value of Victorian dairy exports increased by two per cent to $1,954 million in 2018-19.

Strong export volume growth was seen in fresh milk and cream (up 29 per cent), ice cream (up 34 per cent), and butter (up 17 per cent). Powdered milk and cream exports decreased by nine per cent.

The major markets saw strong growth, especially in China (14 per cent), and Taiwan (14 per cent) with sales of $472 million and $67 million respectively. Exports to South Korea decreased by 12 per cent and Hong Kong, Taiwan and Philippines also saw minor declines. China overtook Japan as the largest export market for dairy products in 2018-19, valued at $472 million, despite exports to Japan increasing $10 million (two per cent) to $452 million.

Table 8. Victorian dairy exports by product category and item (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)

2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 $ change* % change*


Milk and cream Total 1,052 351 927 366 859 350 932 369 918 378 -14 -1% 47%

Fresh milk and cream 135 107 161 131 149 136 168 150 217 185 49 29% 11%

Ice cream 9 2 10 2 10 2 11 2 15 3 4 34% 1%

Powdered milk and cream 908 242 756 233 699 212 752 217 686 190 -66 -9% 35%

Cheese and whey products Total 747 164 755 182 751 176 831 176 868 175 37 4% 44%

Cheese 673 136 707 149 698 145 778 148 814 144 35 5% 42%

Whey products 74 28 48 33 53 31 53 28 54 31 1 2% 3%

Butters, fats and oils Total 176 38 138 30 95 18 99 14 116 17 17 17% 6%

Yoghurt and fermented milk products Total 45 12 40 12 37 10 39 10 44 10 5 14% 2%

Buttermilk 29 8 20 8 12 5 10 4 10 3 0 0% 1%

Yoghurt 16 4 20 5 25 6 28 6 34 7 6 19% 2%

Milk extracts (casein) Total 9 <0.5 8 <0.5 9 <0.5 8 <0.5 8 <0.5 0 0% 0%

Total Victoria 2,028 565 1,868 591 1,751 554 1,908 569 1,954 580 46 2% 100%


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Figure 7. Top 10 countries for Victorian dairy exports by value (A$ million)

Figure 8. Value (%) Australian dairy exports by state 2018-19


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HorticultureDry conditions during harvest rounded off a very successful 2018-19 season for Victorian horticulture. Exports increased by 38 per cent to be valued at $1.6 billion. China was the major market for Victorian horticultural exports increasing by 133 per cent and accounting for 36 per cent of the total value of horticulture exports.

Table grapes and almonds had a record-breaking year reaching over half a billion dollars in exports respectively. Victoria exported 91 per cent of Australia’s table grapes in 2018-19. Table grape exports were valued at $504 million (up 43 per cent) on 2017-18. China was the largest market for table grapes valued at $199 million (up 39 per cent on 2017-18).

Australian almond orchards produced a record crop of approximately 100,000 tonnes. Almond exports from Victoria increased by 63 per cent in value on 2017-18. The last remaining Chinese tariffs on Australian almonds were removed in 2019 under the China Australia Free Trade Agreement (ChAfta).

Citrus exports increased by 10 per cent in value due to better market prices with volumes maintained. Summerfruit and cherries also had a good export year (51 per cent increase by value). Australian cherries obtained high prices due to outstanding quality.

In the year ending June 2019, more than 104,000 tonnes of fresh citrus was exported with a value of $162 million. Citrus exports were dominated by naval oranges ($143 million).

Table 9. Victorian horticulture exports by product category and item (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)

2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 $ change* % change*


Fruit (fresh or dried) Total 368 179 545 231 555 226 617 254 820 293 203 33% 52%

Table grapes 224 85 340 110 349 109 351 110 504 146 152 43% 32%

Dried grapes 8 2 16 4 16 4 18 5 24 5 6 32% 2%

Citrus 77 69 104 84 120 89 147 104 162 104 15 10% 10%

Stone fruit 42 12 53 14 46 12 68 17 102 23 34 51% 6%

Pome fruit 12 8 24 14 15 9 24 16 22 13 -2 -10% 1%

Other fruit 5 2 8 3 9 3 7 3 6 2 -1 -20% 0%

Berry fruit 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7% 0%

Nuts (fresh or dried) Total 386 45 462 47 340 51 326 50 534 71 208 64% 34%

Almonds 381 45 451 46 330 50 315 49 513 70 198 63% 32%

Other nuts 5 0 11 1 10 1 11 1 21 2 10 91% 1%

Oils and extracts Total 50 24 54 20 65 38 70 41 71 35 1 1% 4%

Processed fruit and Vegetable Total 53 31 56 32 63 38 56 23 69 28 13 23% 4%

Processed fruit 2 1 4 1 4 1 10 2 11 2 1 14% 1%

Fruit and vegetable juices 19 11 14 7 15 8 12 6 14 6 2 17% 1%

Processed vegetables 32 19 38 25 43 28 34 16 44 20 9 27% 3%

Vegetables (fresh or dried) Total 35 13 48 17 57 19 51 15 59 16 7 15% 4%

Fungi 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12% 0%

Leaf vegetables and brassicas 11 5 18 10 21 10 18 7 24 9 5 30% 2%

Perennial vegetables 20 4 25 5 31 6 28 4 29 4 2 7% 2%

Pods and seeds 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 126% 0%

Roots, tubers and bulbs 3 4 4 2 4 2 4 3 4 2 0 4% 0%

Squashes and fruiting vegetables 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 -1% 0%

Coffee, tea, herbs and spices Total 17 2 23 2 20 2 27 3 30 3 3 11% 2%

Extracts and oils Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 285% 0%

Total Victoria 908 294 1,188 351 1,100 373 1,147 386 1,583 447 436 38% 100%


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Figure 9. Top 10 countries for Victorian horticulture exports by value (A$ million)

Figure 10. Value (%) Australian horticulture exports by state 2018-19


17

Prepared foodsVictoria’s food and beverage processing sector is Australia’s largest and most established. Food processing businesses are located in both urban and regional centres of Victoria, close to agricultural inputs and road infrastructure. Victoria’s food manufacturers are innovative and well informed around consumer preferences. The sector employs more than 66,000 people accounting for 34 percent of Australia’s food manufacturing jobs. Food ingredients make up a large portion of Victoria’s processed food and beverage exports. Other prepared food products consist of snack foods, ready meals, alcoholic and non-alcoholic drinks.

Changing consumer preferences have created opportunities for businesses, particularly small-scale firms that produce healthy or premium snack foods, generally supplying the local market. These small-scale operations have supported growth in industry employment.

In 2018-19 prepared foods exports were valued at $1.5 billion (down 14 per cent) on 2017-18. The largest export market was China, valued at $430 million. Exports to China declined by 36 per cent in 2018-19. Exports to New Zealand were valued at $294 million (up 16 per cent) on 2017-18. The increase was mainly cocoa and cocoa products. Exports to Hong Kong were valued at $168 million (down 17 per cent) on 2017-18. The decrease consisted mainly of food preparations.

Table 10. Value of Victorian prepared foods** exports by product category and item (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)

2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 $ change* % change*


Cereal based Total 383 83 430 92 497 98 642 115 544 89 -99 -15% 37%

Other food preparations Total 286 49 594 65 687 73 748 71 533 57 -215 -29% 36%

Confectionery Total 139 27 145 29 152 30 159 31 203 37 44 28% 14%

Cocoa and cocoa products 115 21 120 23 128 24 133 25 179 32 46 34% 12%

Sweeteners 24 6 25 6 24 6 26 6 25 5 -1 -5% 2%

Condiments Total 83 20 78 19 78 19 99 25 103 26 4 4% 7%

Sugars Total 35 23 43 28 40 26 40 40 49 28 9 22% 3%

Honey 4 <0.5 5 <0.5 4 <0.5 6 <0.5 9 1 4 72% 1%

Sweeteners 31 22 38 27 36 26 35 40 40 27 5 14% 3%

Beverages Total 32 27 31 33 30 25 37 28 47 29 9 26% 3%

Cider 3 1 5 3 2 1 6 3 8 3 2 42% 1%

Non-alcoholic 13 15 13 23 15 16 14 15 20 18 5 38% 1%

Spirits 17 11 13 7 13 8 17 11 19 7 2 9% 1%

Total Victoria 957 228 1,322 265 1,483 269 1,725 311 1,478 265 -247 -14% 100%

*$ change and % change based on the difference between 2017-18 data and 2018-19 data. **Prepared foods are classified as those which have been substantially transformed from their raw product basis and may have input from more than one food production industry.

18

Figure 11. Top 10 countries for Victorian prepared foods exports by value (A$ million)

Figure 12. Value (%) Australian prepared foods exports by state 2018-19


19

Forest productsForestry and the forest products industry contributes approximately $2.33 billion to Gross Regional Product. Production is predominantly located in the Gippsland, Central Highlands, Barwon, Ovens-Murray, Mallee and Goulburn regions, which primarily includes products made from Victoria’s plantation estates.

Over the last five years, forest products exports have grown by seven per cent and accounted for on average, six per cent by value of Victoria’s total annual food and fibre exports. In 2018-19, Victorian forest products exports showed a five per cent increase to $745 million. Based on publicly available data, paper and paperboard product exports dominated a large proportion of exports (44 per cent), followed closely by roundwood (35 per cent).

The demand for forest wood products is driven by the Asia Pacific region. China remained Victoria’s largest export market valued at $327 million making up 44 per cent of forest products exports. The majority of exports were roundwood, and paper and paperboard products. Confidentiality agreements for woodchips exports, to Japan and China, significantly lower Victorian exports values to these markets.

New Zealand was the second largest market increasing in value by $16 million (up 12 per cent) to $158 million.

Table 11. Value of Victorian forest products^ exports by product category and item (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)

2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 $ change* % change*


Paper and paperboard Total 368 406 338 365 376 469 317 298 325 265 8 3% 44%

Household and sanitary 18 8 12 3 9 3 2 1 1 0 -1 -66% 0%

Packaging and industrial 162 231 157 216 172 235 168 192 172 176 4 3% 23%

Packaging and industrial <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5% 0%

Paper manufactures 47 22 42 14 55 26 61 24 66 19 5 9% 9%

Printing and writing 142 145 126 132 139 205 87 81 86 70 -1 -1% 12%

Roundwood Total 171 1,683 208 2,000 273 2,273 265 2,228 261 1,767 -4 -2% 35%

Wastepaper Total 94 653 106 720 101 660 104 632 97 487 -7 -6% 13%

Woodchips^ Total 33 373 37 398 0 0 0 0 44 402 44 0% 6%

Sawnwood Total 28 55 25 50 38 189 16 30 12 24 -5 -28% 2%

Hardwood-dressed 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 134% 0%

Hardwood-roughsawn 6 5 5 4 7 7 7 5 3 2 -3 -53% 0%

Softwood-dressed <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5% 0%

Softwood-roughsawn 21 50 19 45 29 180 9 24 6 21 -2 -27% 1%

Wood-based panels Total 2 2 4 3 4 2 5 3 5 4 0 3% 1%

Other forest products Total 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 78% 0%

Pulp Total <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5% 0%

Paper pulp <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5% 0%

Wood pulp <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5% 0%

Total Victoria 696 3,173 720 3,538 793 3,593 708 3,192 745 2,951 37 5% 100%

*$ change and % change based on the difference between 2017-18 and 2018-19 data.

^Export figures need to be used with caution. Some forestry exports are affected by confidentiality agreements.

1. The Australian Bureau of Statistics did not publish state-level detail for woodchips exports from 2014-15 to 2018-19 due to confidentiality restrictions.

2. Total Australian woodchips data exports in 2018-19 were valued at $1.515 billion. China was the largest export market for Australian woodchips exports in 2018-19 with a reported value of $965 million, followed by Japan at $464 million, Taiwan at $61 million and Indonesia at $20 million.

3. The exclusion of woodchip data at the state level leads to significantly lower Victorian export values and volumes.

20

Figure 13. Top 10 countries for Victorian forests products exports by value (A$ million)

Figure 14. Value (%) Australian forest products exports by state 2018-19

*others refers to ACT, NT, re-exports, and exports for which no state details are released for confidentiality reasons

21

GrainsThe 2018 cropping year began slower than usual in Autumn, with late opening rains and reduced sowing of almost all crops except oats. Area sown to canola was reduced by 55 per cent and most pulses between 50 and 75 per cent, except faba beans, which still had strong market demand and increased by 15 per cent. Lentils and chickpeas were still affected by high tariffs in India, which have been in place since 2017. With the reduced area of plantings and only average yield in most regions, there was a significant decrease in production. A disproportionate decrease in exports occurred because drought conditions in Queensland and New South Wales resulted in much of Victoria’s grain reserves being traded interstate for stockfeed. Bulk exports of cereals such as wheat and barley were greatly affected.

Victorian grain exports decreased significantly, though exports of faba beans to Egypt and Saudi Arabia increased strongly as did wheat to Egypt, due to improved economic conditions in Egypt and favourable supply and price for Saudi Arabia. Exports to Japan also increased, mostly from barley exports. Other major markets decreased from at least 28 per cent to almost 80 per cent.

Victorian pulse exports to India continued to be affected by a series of tariffs introduced by the Indian Government in 2017 leading to a significant decrease in exports in 2018-19.

In 2018-19 Victorian grain exports were valued at $649 million, a decrease of $872 million (57 per cent) on 2017-18. Egypt was the largest market for grain exports valued at $72 million. Other significant markets were Vietnam valued at $64 million and Japan at $53 million.

Due to a favourable autumn break in Western Victoria, where most production occurs, 2019 is shaping up as an excellent year, with good sub-soil moisture storage and cool, wet conditions being generally favourable for cereal, oilseed and pulse crops.

Table 12. Value of Victorian grain^ exports by product category and item (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)

2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 $ change* % change*


Cereals Total 678 1,963 532 1,563 811 2,969 930 3,291 227 631 -703 -76% 35%

Wheat 654 1,902 521 1,540 802 2,949 806 2,890 168 479 -638 -79% 26%

Barley 0 0 0 0 0 0 118 386 51 135 -67 -57% 8%

Maize 14 31 7 14 7 17 5 14 8 15 2 44% 1%

Other cereals 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 3 0 -42% 0%

Sorghum 9 28 2 6 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0% 0%

Pulses Total 213 291 163 190 420 555 236 406 170 211 -67 -28% 26%

Processed Grain Total 128 199 130 189 118 185 98 167 148 224 50 51% 23%

Malt 105 168 104 160 93 158 80 144 133 208 52 65% 20%

Milled products 23 31 25 29 25 28 18 23 15 16 -3 -15% 2%

Oilseeds Total 346 559 142 236 446 801 257 461 104 168 -153 -59% 16%

Total Victoria 1,365 3,011 967 2,178 1,795 4,510 1,521 4,324 649 1,234 -872 -57% 100%

*$ change and % change based on the difference between 2017-18 and 2018-19 data. ^Export figures need to be used with caution. Some grains exports are affected by confidentiality agreements.

22

Figure 15. Top 10 countries for Victorian grain by value (A$ million)

Figure 16. Value (%) Australian grain exports by state 2018-19


23

Skins and hidesSkins and hides are generally exported in a preserved state to tanneries in other countries, where the final processing is carried out. The price for sheepskin has halved over the past two years, though volumes have remained steady. Cattle hide prices have also fallen, though export volumes have increased in the past two years.

The use of synthetics by clothing and footwear manufacturers and consumer preferences have put pressure on industry revenue at the lower end of the market.

Skins and hides exports from Victoria were valued at $408 million in 2018-19, a decrease of $54 million (down 12 per cent). Victoria accounted for 50 per cent of Australia’s total skins and hides product exports. China was by far the largest export market for Victorian skins and hides in 2018-19 valued at $331 million or 81 per cent of total skins and hide exports from Victoria.

Table 13. Value of Victorian skins and hides exports by product category and item (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 $ change* %

change*%

total Product and item A$ Vol A$ Vol A$ Vol A$ Vol A$ Vol

Sheep skins Total 259 132 267 116 240 109 280 128 242 118 -38 -14% 59%

Cattle hides Total 285 76 238 69 164 57 176 65 160 75 -15 -9% 39%

Other skins and hides Total 6 2 6 2 5 2 6 2 5 2 -1 -15% 1%

Goat skins Total <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0% 0%

Total Victoria 551 211 512 187 409 168 462 195 408 195 -54 -12% 100%


24

Figure 17. Top 10 countries for Victorian skin and hides by value (A$ million)

Figure 18. Value (%) Australian skins and hides exports by state 2018-19


25

WineThe Wine industry has benefited from growing global demand and improved pricing. The depreciation of the Australian dollar and implementation of free trade agreements with South Korea, Japan and China, have continued to boost export growth.

The Victorian wine industry crushed around 270,000 tonnes of fruit in 2018-19, with 75 per cent of fruit originating in the Murray Darling Swan Hill area. The crush in this area was virtually identical to the 2017-18 crush and the fifth lowest since 2004. Red varieties generally fared better than whites in terms of yield.

In 2018-19, Victorian wine exports increased by 12 per cent to $404 million, whereas volumes increased by only eight per cent. Mainland China is now the number one destination for Victorian wine, accounting for 47 per cent of the exports. Volumes exported to China remained steady but prices increased by 13 per cent.

Table 14. Value of Victorian wine exports by product category and item (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)

2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 $ change* % change*


Red Total 140 58 179 85 215 90 286 112 316 114 30 11% 78%

Bottle 129 48 152 60 195 73 285 112 316 114 31 11% 78%

Bulk 11 10 27 25 20 18 1 1 1 <0.5 0 -39% 0%

Cask <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0% 0%

White Total 34 21 44 30 47 34 54 35 63 45 9 16% 16%

Bottle 27 13 30 14 36 24 53 35 62 44 9 17% 15%

Bulk 7 8 13 15 10 11 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 0 -26% 0%

Cask <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0% 0%

Fortified Total 9 2 9 1 13 3 10 3 10 3 0 -1% 2%

Bottle 7 1 8 1 12 3 9 2 9 3 0 4% 2%

Bulk 1 1 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 0 -24% 0%

Cask <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 121 <0.5 424 <0.5 256 <0.5 0 -40% 0%

Sparkling Total 17 6 18 6 14 4 12 3 15 4 3 22% 4%

Total Victoria 200 88 251 122 290 132 362 154 404 166 42 12% 100%


26

Figure 19. Top 10 countries for Victorian wine by value (A$ million)

Figure 20. Value (%) Australian wine exports by state 2018-19


27

Animal feedMost stock feed and pet food is sold on the domestic market, though exports account for a significant share of revenue. Domestic feed grain shortages impacted on wheat exports in 2018-19. High domestic wheat prices limited wheat exports and increased interstate trade.

Animal feed exports from Victoria were valued at $317 million in 2018-19, an increase of $54 million (21 per cent) on 2017-18. Stock feed exports increased by 29 per cent on the previous year. Japan remained the highest value market at $108 million. Animal feed exports to Japan increased by 52 per cent on the previous year. Other major exports destinations were the United States at $41 million and Taiwan at $33 million.

Table 15. Value of Victorian animal feed^ exports by product category and item (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)

2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 $ change* % change*

% total Product category A$ Vol A$ Vol A$ Vol A$ Vol A$ Vol

Stock feed Total 182 340 190 379 164 339 192 396 247 432 55 29% 78%

Pet food Total 75 34 77 34 72 31 71 31 71 30 -1 -1% 22%

Total Victoria 256 373 267 413 235 370 263 427 317 462 54 21% 100%


28

Figure 21. Top 10 countries for Victorian animal feed by value (A$ million)

Figure 22. Value (%) Australian animal feed exports by state 2018-19


29

Textile, clothing and footwearThe Victorian textile, clothing and footwear (TCF) manufacturing industry remained the largest in Australia, employing around 11,395 people in 2019. The industry covers the processing of natural and synthetic materials, and the production of clothing, textile, footwear, leather goods and technical textiles.

Victoria was the second largest textile product manufacturing state in Australia, making up 28.4 per cent of Australian textile businesses next to New South Wales.

Exports are not a significant portion of industry revenue.

This is largely because manufacturers in countries such as China, India and Pakistan offer global consumers lower prices in a highly price-sensitive industry.

In 2018-19, TCF exports from Victoria were valued at $268 million, a decrease of $3 million (down one per cent) from 2017-18. Exports remained stable against the backdrop of the broader manufacturing industry trend, in the previous 12 months. Textiles, including yarn products and fabrics, were the largest export category, making up 70 per cent of Victoria’s TCF exports. New Zealand was the largest market for Victorian TCF valued at $86 million, followed by the USA at $25 million and the UAE at $23 million.

The industry has a high percentage of re-exports (84 per cent). The Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) defines re-exports as “goods originally imported, which are then exported in either the same condition in which they were imported, or after undergoing repair or minor operations which leave them essentially unchanged. Re-exports are not considered to be Australian production or manufacture. Minor operations include blending, packaging, bottling, cleaning and sorting”.

Table 16. Value of Victorian TCF^ exports by product category and item (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)

2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 $ change* % change*


Textiles Total 304 135 343 143 366 164 207 94 186 80 -21 -10% 70%

Yarn products 235 75 276 89 299 107 130 33 104 15 -26 -20% 39%

Fabrics 51 55 58 53 62 57 72 60 74 64 2 3% 27%

Manchester 18 5 9 2 4 <0.5 6 <0.5 9 1 3 56% 3%

Clothing Total 31 1 49 1 41 1 36 1 44 1 8 23% 16%

Footwear Total 13 1 14 1 13 1 17 1 20 1 3 18% 8%

Leather articles Total 6 <0.5 11 <0.5 10 <0.5 10 <0.5 16 1 6 63% 6%

Leather articles 2 <0.5 7 <0.5 8 <0.5 7 <0.5 11 1 4 62% 4%

Leather apparel 4 <0.5 4 <0.5 2 <0.5 3 <0.5 5 <0.5 2 64% 2%

Woven fabrics Total 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 293% 1%

Total Victoria 355 138 418 146 432 166 270 96 268 83 -3 -1% 100%


^Export figures need to be used with caution. Some grain, forestry, TCF and animal feed exports are affected by confidentiality agreements.

30

Figure 23. Top 10 countries for Victorian TCF by value (A$ million)

Figure 24. Value (%) Australian TCF exports by state 2018-19


31

SeafoodThe Abalone and Rock Lobster fisheries are Victoria’s most valuable commercial fisheries. Almost all of the catch is exported to international markets, predominately in Asia. The Victorian Fisheries Authority has been working closely with the lobster and abalone industries to develop and implement new harvest strategies that will guide future commercial quota setting. Science based regulations are in place and reviewed annually to ensure sustainable fishing, leading to a positive investment landscape.

Demand from China remains strong and our clean green reputation means importers are willing and able to pay a premium for our seafood products. The continued growth of Victoria’s barramundi aquaculture sector also looks set to attract interest from a range of overseas markets. Seafood exports from Victoria were valued at $245 million in 2018-19, (up two per cent) on 2017-18. Crustaceans were the highest value export from Victoria valued at $149 million, followed by molluscs valued at $74 million. China and Hong Kong remained Victoria’s major seafood export markets in 2018-19 at $149 million and $37 million respectively.

Table 17. Value of Victorian seafood exports by product category and item (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)

2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 $ change* % change*


Crustaceans Total 111 1 111 1 119 1 160 2 149 2 -11 -7% 61%

Lobster 111 1 111 1 118 1 159 2 148 2 -11 -7% 60%

Prepared or preserved 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5% 0%

Molluscs Total 59 1 60 1 69 1 68 1 74 2 6 9% 30%

Abalone 34 1 32 1 44 1 38 1 35 1 -4 -9% 14%

Prepared or preserved 17 <0.5 18 <0.5 17 <0.5 20 <0.5 32 1 11 55% 13%

Other Molluscs 8 <0.5 10 <0.5 8 <0.5 9 <0.5 8 <0.5 -1 -16% 3%

Fish Total 7 1 21 14 15 9 9 1 21 3 12 128% 8%

Live or fresh 2 <0.5 4 1 5 1 5 <0.5 10 1 5 110% 4%

Prepared or preserved 3 1 6 4 4 2 3 <0.5 9 1 6 227% 4%

Frozen 1 1 12 9 6 5 2 1 2 1 <0.5 17% 1%

Seafood extracts and oils Total 4 <0.5 4 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 -1 -50% 0%

Seaweed Total <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 15% 0%

Total Victoria 181 4 197 17 204 12 240 5 245 6 5 2% 100%


32

Figure 25. Top 10 countries for Victorian seafood by value (A$ million)

Figure 26. Value (%) Australian seafood exports by state 2018-19


33

Export Performance by Region and Key DestinationCase Study: A new approach to managing Queensland fruit flyIn 2018-19 trials of an innovative approach to managing Queensland fruit fly (QFF) resulted in over 1,000 tonnes of cherries and berries produced with no detections of QFF.

The fight against QFF is ongoing for fruit growers in Victoria. Trials of innovative approaches to manage the pest, such as a systems approach, are seeing positive results.

A systems approach is an alternative phytosanitary option for pest management. The goal is to achieve similar levels of pest control as more traditional methods by combining pest management measures throughout the entire horticultural production cycle and logistics chain. A systems approach relies on a series of measures to reduce the risk of infestation. For managing QFF, a system requires at least two independent measures, designed to international standards and applied in various stages of production.

During the 2018-19 season, several cherry and berry businesses participated in the trial covering 32 properties from Cobram to the Yarra Valley. The measures trialled in the season included:

growing in regions with low pest rates due to unfavourable climatic conditions, or a seasonal pest absence where fruit is harvested early in the season

setting traps to detect fruit fly and implementing corrective actions when significant pest numbers are recorded.

Participating properties were audited throughout the season to help ensure the trial was on track and participants were complying with the protocol. Trials have been running since 2016 in partnership with CSIRO, other State Governments and industry to support the development of systems approach protocols within the horticultural sector.

The trials are developing an evidence base to help support and expand Victoria’s export potential. Domestic and international trading partners want assurance that imported produce is free from pests and diseases. To trade produce known to be vulnerable to QFF requires demonstrating that the commodity originated from pest-free areas or had costly treatments applied that may reduce fruit quality. These types of harmful treatments can be avoided if other risk mitigation factors, such as a systems approach, are accepted by trading partners.

The Victorian trials are part of the broader $8 million Growing Food and Fibre Markets (GFFM) program. The GFFM program is a key component of the state government’s drive to boost the export potential and value of Victoria’s food and fibre exports to $20 billion by 2030.

The GFFM program has been designed to build Victoria’s share of global agri-trade by:

increasing export activity for Victoria by identifying new trade opportunities and improving competitiveness in international markets

trialling improved pest management systems to reduce costs and improve fruit quality and shelf life

strengthening biosecurity, food safety and traceability systems to build confidence and assurance among trading partners that Victorian products are safe, reliable and of premium quality

streamlining supply chains to connect producers with markets

strengthening Victoria’s reputation as a world-leading producer of premium food and fibre products.

34

North AsiaNorth Asia’s markets account for 60 per cent of Australian goods exports and 26 per cent of services exports. North Asia provides around 19 per cent of foreign direct investment into Australia.

China is Victoria’s strongest market for export growth and home to the world’s largest population. A booming middle-class and increasing demand for premium goods, services, ideas and knowledge have opened key opportunities for Victorian businesses to establish valuable trade partnerships with China.

During 2017-18, China approved a range of new and improved market access conditions for Australian meat, dairy and horticulture produce. Under the China–Australia Free Trade Agreement (ChAFTA) and subsequent tariff cuts, Australia’s agricultural exports will be more competitive. The value of food and fibre exports to China is expected to increase significantly as a result. The agreement supports long-held ambitions for Australian producers and will enable access for horticulture exports in a faster and more cost-effective manner.

Victoria shares a long and mutually beneficial economic partnership with Japan, the world’s third largest economy. Since the Japan-Australia Economic Partnership Agreement (JAEPA) began in 2015, Victorian businesses have been given preferential access to export their premium goods and services to Japan. Victorian agribusinesses are well placed to supply premium meat and dairy products, citrus, table grapes and nuts, food ingredients and unique premium food.

South Korea is the fourth largest economy in Asia with a population of over 50 million. Increasing demand for high-quality goods and services has provided key export opportunities across a range of Victoria’s market sectors. Since the Korea-Australia Free Trade Agreement (KAFTA) began in 2014, significant trade and export barriers have been removed improving access to the Korean marketplace. There are substantial export opportunities for Victorian agribusinesses to meet increasing demand for high-quality beef, dairy, horticulture and healthy functional foods.

In 2018-19, food and fibre exports from Victoria to North Asia were valued at $7.1 billion (up five per cent) on 2017-18. Horticulture exports to the region increased by $360 million (up 83 per cent) on 2017-18. Beef exports increased by $211 million (up 47 per cent).

Table 18. Victorian food and fibre exports to North Asia by destination (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 $

change*% change*


China 2,932 3,075 3,218 3,291 3,613 3,858 4,580 3,983 4,680 3,065 100 2% 65%

Japan 966 762 990 746 918 385 1,087 389 1,292 826 205 19% 18%

South Korea 402 388 400 337 385 332 366 187 479 161 113 31% 7%

Hong Kong 420 124 498 122 502 117 511 100 453 94 -58 -11% 6%

Taiwan 234 216 233 213 242 213 238 225 243 154 5 2% 3%

Macau 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 4 2 2 86% 1%

Mongolia <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 9 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0% 0%

Total Victoria 4,955 4,566 5,340 4,719 5,661 4,905 6,784 4,886 7,151 4,303 367 5% 100%

Table 19. Victorian food and fibre exports to North Asia by commodity group (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Commodity group

2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 $ change*

% change*


Animal fibre 1,158 189 1,224 155 1,426 166 1,615 177 1,542 141 -73 -5% 22%

Meat 921 184 777 138 675 122 1,025 186 1,396 228 372 36% 20%

Dairy 818 236 905 264 899 266 1,060 287 1,124 302 64 6% 16%

Horticulture 241 105 357 136 388 148 432 159 792 219 360 83% 11%

Prepared foods** 366 76 674 100 858 98 1,058 115 785 96 -273 -26% 11%

Forest products^ 303 2,574 358 2,987 405 3,014 356 2,612 392 2,478 36 10% 5%

Skins and hides 428 183 406 165 344 147 388 171 333 164 -55 -14% 5%

Wine 96 32 118 38 153 45 201 61 221 57 20 10% 3%

Seafood 47 1 51 1 101 2 200 3 201 3 1 1% 3%

Animal feed^ 141 240 159 273 142 268 147 300 192 325 45 31% 3%

Grain^ 336 708 186 419 211 610 274 812 143 287 -132 -48% 2%

TCF^ 101 38 124 43 59 20 27 6 30 2 2 9% 0%

35

Total Victoria 4,955 4,566 5,340 4,719 5,661 4,905 6,784 4,886 7,151 4,303 367 5% 100%

^Export figures need to be used with caution. Some grain, forestry, TCF and animal feed exports are affected by confidentiality agreements.*$ change and % change based on the difference between 2017-18 and 2018-19 data. **Prepared foods are classified as those which have been substantially transformed from their raw product basis and may have input from more than one food production industry.

36

South-East AsiaBy 2030 over half of South East Asia’s population will be living in urban areas. This will provide a range of export opportunities for Victoria’s agribusinesses. Globally recognised as suppliers of high quality, clean, and safe food products, Victoria’s food and fibre sector is strongly placed to meet South East Asia’s growing demand for premium quality meat and dairy products, fruit and nuts, and wheat. Key markets include Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore and Vietnam.

Victorian food and fibre exports to the South East Asia region were valued at $2.2 billion in 2018-19 (down seven per cent) on 2017-18. Wheat exports to the region decreased in value with wheat exports to Indonesia and Vietnam decreasing by 88 per cent and 82 per cent respectively.

Table 20. Victorian food and fibre exports to South East Asia by destination (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 $

change*% change*


Indonesia 573 419 556 484 560 548 597 800 499 284 -98 -16% 23%

Malaysia 468 289 404 292 419 386 498 502 501 327 3 1% 23%

Vietnam 326 314 351 262 394 524 310 463 340 235 30 10% 16%

Thailand 317 220 245 179 269 303 288 319 258 180 -30 -10% 12%

Philippines 171 143 145 113 187 348 209 292 145 66 -64 -31% 7%

Myanmar 48 125 82 226 60 189 70 213 35 77 -35 -51% 2%

Singapore 438 211 348 129 354 152 345 142 363 134 17 5% 17%

Cambodia 5 7 9 13 10 13 7 8 15 13 8 107% 1%

Brunei Darussalam 12 3 13 3 11 3 14 3 18 4 4 25% 1%

East Timor 1 <0.5 1 1 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 0 -37% 0%

Laos 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0% 0%

Total Victoria 2,360 1,731 2,154 1,700 2,268 2,467 2,339 2,743 2,174 1,320 -166 -7% 100%

Table 21. Victorian food and fibre exports to South East Asia by commodity group (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Commodity group

2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 $ change*

% change*


Meat 417 98 400 89 408 91 497 104 588 127 91 18% 27%

Dairy 719 199 585 208 573 205 565 198 574 207 9 2% 26%

Horticulture 155 68 252 94 241 95 265 89 379 107 114 43% 17%

Grain^ 364 865 355 912 519 1,727 537 1,834 228 504 -310 -58% 10%

Prepared foods** 191 47 153 41 178 46 183 58 156 33 -27 -15% 7%

Forest products^ 70 241 58 212 61 173 75 313 59 213 -17 -22% 3%

Animal fibre 147 87 55 21 41 21 76 48 58 36 -18 -24% 3%

TCF^ 75 37 93 42 93 48 39 27 45 26 6 16% 2%

Animal feed^ 71 76 58 71 48 52 56 64 43 59 -13 -23% 2%

Seafood 126 2 121 2 84 1 26 1 23 1 -3 -12% 1%

Wine 16 7 18 5 19 5 16 4 17 5 0 3% 1%

Skins and hides 8 3 6 3 3 2 3 2 5 3 1 43% 0%

Total Victoria 2,360 1,731 2,154 1,700 2,268 2,467 2,339 2,743 2,174 1,320 -166 -7% 100%


37

North AmericaVictoria’s trade relationship with North America is dominated by the USA, which will continue to provide significant opportunities for Victorian exporters. Underpinning Victoria’s and the USA’s dynamic trade and investment relationship is the Australia-United States Free Trade Agreement (AUSFTA) which came into effect in 2005.

Australia and Canada enjoy substantial trade and investment links. Both countries are export orientated economies with strong interests in agriculture and resources. In 2018, two-way goods trade was 4.1 billion.

The Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) entered into force in December 2018 creates Australia’s first free trade agreement with Mexico. Australia is expected to have greater access to the Mexican market with Mexico agreeing to eliminate all import tariffs on beef within ten years of entering into force and elimination of sheepmeat and goatmeat tariffs within eight years.

Victorian food and fibre exports to North America were valued at $1.3 billion in 2018-19 (up 26 per cent) on 2017-18. Meat exports made up the majority of exports to the region (80 per cent), consisting mainly of red meat to the USA, Victoria’s largest market for red meat products.

Table 22. Victorian food and fibre exports to North America by destination (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)

2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 $ change*

% change*


United States 1,139 279 961 198 826 204 972 165 1,240 198 268 28% 92%

Canada 65 16 72 19 65 20 79 22 81 21 2 3% 6%

Mexico 40 18 40 11 25 9 24 6 28 7 4 17% 2%

Total Victoria 1,244 313 1,072 228 916 233 1,074 193 1,348 226 274 26% 100%

Table 23. Victorian food and fibre exports to North America by commodity group (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)

Commodity group

2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 $ change*

% change*


Meat 949 144 799 122 666 90 849 111 1,073 129 224 26% 80%

Wine 25 10 29 13 39 20 45 22 53 29 8 17% 4%

Prepared foods** 25 8 29 9 34 9 36 9 43 9 7 20% 3%

Animal feed 13 13 21 22 21 20 31 18 41 21 11 35% 3%

Dairy 51 11 53 12 40 8 20 3 37 6 17 83% 3%

Horticulture 42 10 68 12 39 13 30 11 32 11 3 9% 2%

TCF^ 21 3 32 3 28 3 28 3 29 2 1 5% 2%

Forest products^ 91 100 24 29 18 24 12 8 23 15 11 94% 2%

Animal fibre 13 7 9 1 5 1 6 1 7 <0.5 1 18% 1%

Seafood 4 <0.5 4 <0.5 4 <0.5 6 <0.5 5 <0.5 -1 -14% 0%

Grain^ 8 7 3 5 21 44 7 5 3 2 -4 -60% 0%

Skins and hides 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 6 1 2 <0.5 -4 -71% 0%

Total Victoria 1,244 313 1,072 228 916 233 1,074 193 1,348 226 274 26% 100%^Export figures need to be used with caution. Some grain, forestry, TCF and animal feed exports are affected by confidentiality agreements.*$ change and % change based on the difference between 2017-18 and 2018-19 data. **Prepared foods are classified as those which have been substantially transformed from their raw product basis and may have input from more than one food production industry.

38

The Middle East and North Africa (MENA)The Middle East and North Africa is a dynamic and diverse region. It has one of the fastest growing populations in the world projected to exceed 500 million by 2020. Around 50 per cent of the population is under the age of 25, posing great opportunities for a range of Victorian food products.

Key factors such as land-use restrictions, the climate and regional security issues make food security a top priority for governments across the region, particularly in the Gulf which imports 90 per cent of its food requirements. With strong population growth, the demand for high-quality food and beverage products is predicted to soar providing key opportunities for Victoria’s dairy, meat, prepared food and health food industries.

Economic growth in the MENA region is forecast to improve modestly, reaching an average of 2.6 percent in 2019-2020.

Victorian food and fibre exports to MENA were valued at $1.1 billion in 2018-19, a decrease of $19 million (down two per cent) on 2017-18.

MENA continues to grow as an important destination for Victorian red meat exports. Lamb exports to Kuwait grew by 19 million, and a 19 per cent increase in lamb exports to Qatar reflects continuing strong demand in the region.

The UAE and Egypt were Victoria’s highest value markets in the region accounting for 43 per cent of the total value of exports to the region. Strong export growth was also seen in the Gulf States.

Table 24. Victorian food and fibre exports to MENA by destination (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 $

change*% change*

% total

Destination A$ Vol A$ Vol A$ Vol A$ Vol A$ VolUnited Arab Emirates 348 128 316 110 317 145 333 136 339 100 6 2% 30%Egypt 132 174 93 86 96 119 115 112 144 112 28 25% 13%Saudi Arabia 200 94 145 74 115 69 133 73 128 53 -5 -4% 11%Kuwait 91 23 79 23 68 18 97 66 111 28 14 14% 10%Qatar 85 15 88 14 74 11 98 35 107 17 9 10% 10%Iran 17 2 14 2 20 3 88 13 66 8 -23 -26% 6%Jordan 58 18 51 16 31 13 53 17 50 11 -2 -4% 5%Oman 63 88 44 33 40 30 46 31 44 10 -2 -4% 4%Bahrain 60 38 42 8 44 8 34 6 33 6 0 -1% 3%Iraq 29 54 7 2 8 2 9 2 30 54 21 234% 3%Turkey 23 8 24 9 36 24 28 11 19 6 -9 -31% 2%Yemen 65 97 36 59 61 154 53 150 14 5 -39 -74% 1%Israel 13 2 20 4 8 1 17 4 13 2 -4 -23% 1%Lebanon 14 23 5 2 5 3 4 3 7 4 3 84% 1%Sudan 17 45 <0.5 <0.5 1 1 1 1 5 12 4 816% 0%Libya 3 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 3 <0.5 2 492% 0%Tunisia 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 1 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 96% 0%Morocco 13 4 5 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 0 -32% 0%Algeria 3 1 11 4 2 1 23 7 <0.5 <0.5 -23 -98% 0%South Sudan 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0% 0%Syria <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 0 0 -1 -100% 0%Total Victoria 1,235 815 982 447 932 604 1,134 666 1,115 429 -19 -2% 100%

Table 25. Victorian food and fibre exports to MENA by commodity group (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Commodity group

2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 $ change*

% change*

% total

A$ Vol A$ Vol A$ Vol A$ Vol A$ Vol

Meat 528 107 474 94 432 77 587 99 635 99 48 8% 57%Grain^ 224 526 97 191 170 382 146 414 135 198 -11 -8% 12%Prepared foods** 82 19 78 20 72 18 102 27 98 24 -4 -4% 9%Dairy 215 53 147 46 91 26 114 30 77 19 -37 -33% 7%Horticulture 87 24 96 27 54 18 61 20 49 16 -11 -19% 4%Animal fibre 32 3 33 3 41 3 44 3 43 2 -1 -1% 4%Forest products^ 37 54 24 36 34 44 39 36 37 28 -2 -4% 3%TCF^ 19 23 28 28 29 33 30 33 26 32 -5 -15% 2%

39

Skins and hides 8 4 3 1 5 2 6 3 8 4 2 35% 1%Seafood <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 3 <0.5 1 41% 0%Animal feed^ 1 1 1 1 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 3 6 2 392% 0%Wine 2 1 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 3 1 1 <0.5 -2 -56% 0%Total Victoria 1,235 815 982 447 932 604 1,134 666 1,115 429 -19 -2% 100%


40

South AsiaSouth Asia is the world’s fastest growing region, with economic growth at seven percent in 2019. Domestic consumption has been the main contributor to economic growth across the region in 2019 with exports and investments subdued.

India is dominant in the region, accounting for 75 per cent of the population and representing 82 per cent of the South Asia economy. Food and fibre exports to India made up 67 per cent of exports to the region. India was Australia’s twelfth largest export market in 2018-19. Victorian food and fibre exports to India decreased by $87 million (down 23 per cent) on 2017-18. For the second year in a row – grain to India showed a significant decrease reflecting high tariffs imposed on lentils and chickpeas in December 2017, and a 20 per cent tariff imposed on wheat, which is now 40 per cent.

Victoria’s exceptional reputation for wool drives the majority of these exports, supporting India’s textiles and high-end fashion industry. As demand for premium products increases in India, there are also growing opportunities for branded products including Victorian lamb, wine, beer and cheese. E-commerce is rapidly emerging as an accessible way to do everyday shopping in India, and to access local and international products. There are opportunities for Victoria to partner with India in agriculture technology and science, particularly in dairy production, irrigation and smart water technologies.

Victorian food and fibre exports to South Asia decreased by 31 per cent to $437 million in 2018-19 compared to 2017-18.

Table 26. Victorian food and fibre exports to South Asia by destination (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 $

change*% change*


India 353 183 308 92 629 666 379 152 292 85 -87 -23% 67%

Bangladesh 86 42 77 51 154 150 116 99 63 37 -53 -46% 14%

Sri Lanka 97 88 61 56 70 69 75 103 38 39 -37 -50% 9%

Pakistan 98 140 43 46 57 61 49 48 30 27 -19 -38% 7%

Maldives 6 1 6 1 7 1 7 1 10 2 2 35% 2%

Nepal 7 9 5 8 12 14 12 19 5 9 -6 -55% 1%

Bhutan 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 -100% 0%

Afghanistan 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 -100% 0%

Total Victoria 647 462 502 254 931 960 638 423 437 199 -201 -31% 100%

Table 27. Victorian food and fibre exports to South Asia by commodity group (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Commodity group

2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 $ change*

% change*


Animal fibre 122 27 146 17 150 15 158 17 140 11 -18 -11% 32%

Horticulture 164 27 114 19 137 27 152 31 130 22 -23 -15% 30%

Grain^ 180 299 94 118 384 692 168 278 49 83 -118 -71% 11%

Forest products 29 51 28 52 68 153 39 61 33 59 -6 -16% 7%

Dairy 77 21 55 20 47 15 41 13 29 9 -11 -28% 7%

Prepared foods** 9 2 9 2 12 2 16 3 21 3 5 32% 5%

Skins and hides 23 5 19 4 19 5 20 4 18 4 -1 -7% 4%

Meat 9 2 10 2 11 2 20 3 11 2 -9 -45% 3%

TCF^ 26 20 21 13 100 46 22 11 4 4 -18 -83% 1%

Animal feed^ 6 9 4 7 2 2 1 2 1 2 0 0% 0%

Wine <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 0 0% 0%

Seafood <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5% 0%

Total Victoria 647 462 502 254 931 960 638 423 437 199 -201 -31% 100%


41

ChinaTable 28. Victorian food and fibre exports^ to China (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Commodity group Product

2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 % totalA$ Vol A$ Vol A$ Vol A$ Vol A$ Vol

Animal fibre Wool 1,061 147 1,115 133 1,324 144 1,502 148 1,428 120Wool grease and wastes 17 25 6 10 10 12 11 18 7 12Other animal fibres 3 0 3 1 3 1 2 <0.5 2 <0.5Yarn products 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0Animal fibre Total 1,081 173 1,124 143 1,338 157 1,516 167 1,436 133 31%

Meat Sheepmeat 134 29 72 17 76 17 184 37 304 53Beef 223 50 186 33 98 18 201 39 293 47Other prepared meat products 52 6 39 7 34 7 58 7 57 8Offal 35 6 22 5 15 4 27 6 28 6Other meat products 4 <0.5 5 <0.5 3 <0.5 4 1 5 1Meat Total 448 91 324 62 226 46 473 89 687 115 15%

Horticulture Fruit (fresh or dried) 32 16 128 48 191 70 223 86 324 106Nuts (fresh or dried) 1 <0.5 3 <0.5 4 1 14 2 232 31Processed 2 1 2 1 4 2 3 1 6 1Oils and extracts 2 1 4 1 3 1 3 1 2 <0.5Other horticulture products 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5Horticulture Total 38 18 137 50 203 73 243 89 566 139 12%

Dairy Milk and cream 140 74 221 91 210 94 309 120 353 144Cheese and whey products 81 19 85 24 103 27 94 23 100 24Butters, fats and oils 11 2 11 2 11 2 11 1 18 2Yoghurt and fermented milk products 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5Dairy Total 233 95 318 117 326 123 414 145 472 170 10%

Prepared foods**

Other food preparations 72 7 258 21 329 23 372 19 202 10Cereal based 53 10 79 8 144 11 287 25 201 18Sugars 9 5 10 6 7 4 7 4 12 6Condiments 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 5 1 7 1Confectionery 3 <0.5 3 1 5 1 5 1 6 1Beverages 2 2 1 7 1 1 1 1 2 1Prepared foods Total 140 25 352 43 487 40 676 51 430 37 9%

Skins and hides Sheep 228 117 246 106 220 99 255 116 216 105Cattle 194 64 155 57 121 46 131 53 115 58Other skins and hides <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5Skins and hides Total 422 181 402 164 341 146 386 170 331 163 7%

Forest products Roundwood 154 1,517 189 1,842 251 2,118 262 2,207 260 1,760Wastepaper 58 442 69 511 67 501 46 307 52 250Woodchips 0 0 4 49 0 0 0 0 6 61Sawnwood 9 13 7 11 22 150 7 10 4 11Paper and paperboard 6 8 8 7 8 9 8 8 4 4Other forest products <0.5 1 1 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5Forest products Total 228 1,981 279 2,421 349 2,778 324 2,532 327 2,085 7%

Wine Red 56 25 77 31 108 33 155 49 178 48White 3 1 3 1 3 1 6 3 8 4Fortified 3 1 4 1 8 2 6 2 4 1Sparkling 1 <0.5 2 1 2 1 1 <0.5 1 <0.5Wine Total 64 27 87 33 121 37 168 54 190 53 4%

Seafood Crustaceans <0.5 <0.5 4 <0.5 46 1 142 2 140 1Molluscs 2 <0.5 4 <0.5 6 <0.5 8 <0.5 9 <0.5Fish 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5Seafood extracts and oils 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5Seafood Total 4 <0.5 9 <0.5 52 1 150 2 149 2 3%

Grain Oilseeds 113 197 10 13 12 30 23 58 24 48Cereals 67 210 49 153 84 333 152 516 24 64Processed Grain 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 4 3Pulses <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 3 8 <0.5 <0.5Grain Total 181 408 60 168 97 364 181 584 52 115 1%

Animal feed Stock feed 18 45 21 50 25 74 32 96 23 52Pet food 3 2 4 2 2 1 0 0 <0.5 <0.5Animal feed Total 21 46 25 52 27 75 32 96 23 52 <0.5%

TCF^ Textiles 71 29 96 37 46 18 15 4 10 1

42

Footwear <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 3 <0.5Clothing 1 <0.5 5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5Other TCF products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5TCF Total 72 29 102 38 48 18 17 5 16 1 <0.5%Total Victoria 2,932 3,075 3,218 3,291 3,613 3,858 4,580 3,983 4,680 3,065 100%

^Export figures need to be used with caution. Some grain, forestry, TCF and animal feed exports are affected by confidentiality agreements.**Prepared foods are classified as those which have been substantially transformed from their raw product basis and may have input from more than one food production industry.

43

JapanTable 29. Victorian food and fibre exports^ to Japan (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Commodity group Product


Dairy Cheese and whey products 355 79 367 86 331 77 405 81 419 76Milk and cream 37 10 12 3 15 4 32 10 27 7Butters, fats and oils 4 1 3 1 3 1 2 0 3 1Milk extracts 5 <0.5 5 <0.5 3 <0.5 3 <0.5 3 <0.5Yoghurt and fermented milk products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5Dairy Total 401 90 387 90 351 82 442 91 452 83 35%

Meat Beef 151 29 133 22 133 23 186 32 253 40Sheepmeat 31 5 28 4 34 5 34 5 45 6Offal 18 3 35 4 31 3 33 4 44 5Prepared meat products 18 3 20 3 20 3 22 3 18 3Other meat products 4 1 5 1 6 1 5 1 6 1Meat Total 222 40 221 33 224 34 280 45 365 54 28%

Prepared foods**

Other food preparations 38 13 38 13 45 14 50 16 41 15Confectionery 33 7 33 8 36 8 44 10 40 8Condiments 26 6 26 6 26 6 34 10 36 11Cereal based 5 1 5 1 5 1 5 1 5 1Other prepared food products 2 2 1 4 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5Prepared foods Total 104 29 102 31 112 30 134 38 124 35 10%

Horticulture Fruit (fresh or dried) 17 12 40 17 41 18 52 20 64 23Vegetables (fresh or dried) 16 3 20 4 24 5 21 3 23 4Processed 13 6 12 6 12 5 11 3 17 6Nuts (fresh or dried) <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 2 <0.5 4 <0.5Other horticulture products 3 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 3 <0.5 2 <0.5Horticulture Total 50 21 73 27 80 29 88 28 111 33 9%

Animal feed Stock feed 44 109 53 125 39 100 42 111 79 167Pet food 26 12 28 11 27 11 29 12 28 11Animal feed Total 70 121 81 136 66 111 70 124 108 178 8%

Grain Cereals 6 16 <0.5 1 7 24 1 1 20 50Processed Grain 28 44 38 51 38 51 25 39 26 37Oilseeds 14 19 10 18 7 13 9 18 6 8Pulses 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Grain Total 48 80 48 71 52 90 36 59 53 96 4%

Forest products Woodchips 33 373 33 350 0 0 0 0 37 341Wood-based panels 0 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1Other forests products 1 1 1 <0.5 1 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5Forest products Total 34 375 35 351 1 1 <0.5 <0.5 38 342 3%

Animal fibre Wool 11 1 14 1 8 1 14 1 15 1Wool grease and wastes 3 1 2 <0.5 2 1 2 <0.5 1 <0.5Other animal fibre products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5Animal fibre Total 14 2 17 1 11 1 15 1 16 1 1%

Seafood Molluscs 11 <0.5 10 <0.5 9 <0.5 8 <0.5 8 <0.5Fish <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 4 <0.5Seafood extracts and oils 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5Crustaceans 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0Seafood Total 12 <0.5 11 <0.5 9 <0.5 8 <0.5 11 <0.5 1%

Wine Sparkling 1 <0.5 1 1 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 3 1Red 2 1 2 1 2 1 3 2 2 1White 2 1 2 1 2 4 3 1 2 1Fortified <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5Wine Total 5 2 6 2 6 5 8 3 7 2 1%

TCF Textiles 4 2 6 3 4 2 3 1 5 1Leather articles <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5Clothing <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5Other TCF products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5TCF Total 4 2 6 3 4 2 4 1 6 1 <0.5%

44

Skins and hides Sheep 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Cattle <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5Other skins and hides <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0Skins and hides Total 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 <0.5%Total Victoria 966 762 990 746 918 385 1,087 389 1,292 826 100%


45

USATable 30. Victorian food and fibre exports^ to the USA (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Commodity group Product


Meat Beef 618 93 451 67 303 44 451 63 613 79

Sheepmeat 178 27 185 30 204 25 254 29 326 34

Alternative meat 55 10 64 9 94 11 63 8 56 6

Other prepared meat products 29 1 26 1 17 1 22 1 16 1

Offal 3 2 3 1 3 1 5 1 5 1

Other meat products 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 3 <0.5

Meat Total 887 133 729 108 622 82 797 103 1,019 121 82%

Animal feed Stock feed 13 13 19 22 20 20 29 18 40 21

Pet food 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Total animal feed 13 13 20 22 21 20 31 18 41 21 3%

Wine Red 8 3 9 5 18 10 27 15 31 17

White 4 2 5 3 9 5 5 3 8 6

Fortified 1 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sparkling 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Wine Total 13 6 15 8 27 15 33 18 39 24 3%

Prepared foods**

Other food preparations 10 1 11 1 14 2 11 1 15 1

Sugars 8 6 8 6 7 5 6 4 7 4

Cereal based 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 3 <0.5 4 1 7 1

Beverages <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 2 1 2 1

Other prepared food products 1 <0.5 3 <0.5 3 1 3 <0.5 2 <0.5

Prepared foods Total 21 7 24 8 27 8 27 7 33 7 3%

Dairy Butters, fats and oils 13 3 10 2 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 16 3

Cheese and whey products 24 4 28 5 25 5 10 2 9 2

Milk extracts 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 3 <0.5 3 <0.5 4 <0.5

Milk and cream 2 1 5 1 2 1 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Yoghurt and fermented milk products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Dairy Total 40 8 44 9 32 6 16 2 29 4 2%

TCF Textiles 11 3 13 3 12 2 15 2 19 2

Clothing 7 <0.5 14 <0.5 12 <0.5 7 <0.5 4 <0.5

Footwear 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 0 2 <0.5

Other TCF products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

TCF Total 19 3 29 3 25 2 24 2 25 2 2%

Horticulture Fruit (fresh or dried) 4 2 6 3 7 3 7 3 10 4

Oils and extracts 3 1 3 1 5 1 5 1 5 1

Coffee, tea, herbs and spices 4 <0.5 7 <0.5 3 <0.5 3 <0.5 2 <0.5

Nuts (fresh or dried) 27 4 46 4 14 2 6 1 2 <0.5

Other horticulture products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5

Horticulture Total 37 7 62 9 29 7 22 6 20 6 2%

Forest products Paper and paperboard 84 89 22 26 14 19 10 6 17 11

Sawnwood <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Other forest products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Forest products Total 84 89 22 26 15 20 10 6 18 11 1%

Animal fibre Wool 8 1 8 1 2 <0.5 4 <0.5 7 <0.5

Wool grease and wastes <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Other animal fibre products 3 5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Animal fibre Total 12 6 9 1 4 1 6 1 7 <0.5 1%

Seafood Molluscs 3 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 4 <0.5 3 <0.5

Fish <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Other seafood products <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Seafood Total 3 <0.5 3 <0.5 3 <0.5 5 <0.5 4 <0.5 <0.5%

Grain Oilseeds 7 6 3 5 20 44 0 0 1 1

Pulses <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 1 <0.5 <0.5

46

Other grain products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Grain Total 8 7 3 5 21 44 1 1 1 1 <0.5%

Skins and hides Skins and hides Total 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5%

Total Victoria 1,139 279 961 198 826 204 972 165 1,240 198 100%


47

New ZealandTable 31. Victorian food and fibre exports^ to New Zealand (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Commodity group Product


Prepared foods** Confectionery 74 14 77 15 78 15 77 15 111 20


Cereal based 70 16 101 23 74 18 66 16 51 12

Condiments 34 9 33 9 30 8 31 9 34 9

Beverages 12 9 14 11 14 13 12 11 23 17

Sugars 4 2 7 5 9 6 13 9 15 10



Other forests products 2 1 4 2 7 4 8 4 8 3


TCF Textiles 53 10 51 9 52 9 48 10 49 10

Clothing 12 <0.5 14 <0.5 15 <0.5 13 1 21 1

Leather articles 3 <0.5 5 <0.5 6 <0.5 6 <0.5 9 1

Other TCF products 8 <0.5 9 <0.5 6 <0.5 6 <0.5 7 <0.5

TCF Total 76 11 79 10 78 10 72 11 86 12 11%

Horticulture Processed 19 13 18 11 18 11 20 10 23 11

Fruit (fresh or dried) 17 9 14 8 13 7 13 8 17 8


Coffee, tea, herbs and spices 5 1 10 1 9 1 12 2 13 2

Nuts (fresh or dried) 4 0 8 1 5 1 6 1 10 1

Other horticulture products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5


Meat Animal fats 12 1 22 1 23 1 34 2 35 2

Sheepmeat 6 2 5 2 7 2 13 2 8 2

Other prepared meat products 5 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 7 1

Beef 17 3 6 1 2 <0.5 5 1 6 1

Pig meat 3 1 1 1 2 1 4 2 3 2

Other meat products 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Meat Total 44 8 40 5 38 5 61 7 60 8 8%

Dairy Milk and cream 36 10 38 11 22 7 28 10 29 10


Butters, fats and oils 2 <0.5 4 1 5 1 1 <0.5 1 <0.5


Dairy Total 49 13 55 14 38 9 44 12 46 12 6%

Animal feed Pet food 7 4 7 4 8 4 8 4 12 6

Stock feed 7 16 5 17 7 12 8 21 8 16

Animal feed Total 14 19 12 21 14 15 16 24 20 21 3%

Grain Oilseeds 14 15 7 7 7 9 7 11 7 10

Cereals 48 134 21 57 51 185 74 270 6 16

Processed Grain 2 2 2 2 3 4 5 5 4 4

Pulses <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Grain Total 64 152 31 66 62 198 86 287 17 30 2%

Wine Red 7 3 7 3 7 3 7 3 8 3

Sparkling 1 1 2 1 1 <0.5 2 1 3 1

White 1 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 3 1

Fortified <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Wine Total 10 4 11 5 11 4 13 5 14 5 2%

Seafood Fish 2 1 2 1 2 <0.5 3 <0.5 9 2

Molluscs <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 2 <0.5

Other seafood products <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Seafood Total 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 <0.5 12 2 2%

Animal fibre Wool 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Yarn products 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Other animal fibre products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

48

Animal fibre Total 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 0%

Skins and hides Skins and hides Total 4 2 2 1 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 0%

Total Victoria 677 380 736 318 708 452 758 563 787 316 100%^Export figures need to be used with caution. Some grain, forestry, TCF and animal feed exports are affected by confidentiality agreements.**Prepared foods are classified as those which have been substantially transformed from their raw product basis and may have input from more than one food production industry.

49

MalaysiaTable 32. Victorian food and fibre exports^ to Malaysia (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Commodity group Product


Meat Sheepmeat 66 14 60 15 66 13 108 18 129 21

Beef 30 6 30 6 27 5 41 8 51 9

Offal 6 2 5 2 7 3 11 4 14 5

Alternative meat 2 <0.5 2 1 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 3 <0.5

Other meat products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5

Meat Total 105 24 97 24 101 21 163 31 198 35 40%



Butters, fats and oils 14 3 14 3 11 2 16 2 14 2

Yoghurt and fermented milk products 3 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1

Dairy Total 127 36 117 42 123 45 117 44 120 46 24%

Grain Cereals 44 128 42 123 49 184 64 251 31 99

Oilseeds 8 10 10 17 17 33 8 16 12 25


Pulses 4 6 3 4 5 8 3 6 1 1

Grain Total 57 145 56 146 73 228 75 274 46 127 9%

Prepared foods**

Cereal based 38 7 25 6 26 7 33 9 19 5

Confectionery 3 1 4 1 4 1 3 1 8 2

Other food preparations 5 1 3 <0.5 4 1 6 1 7 1

Other prepared food products 3 1 2 1 2 1 3 15 2 1



Vegetables (fresh or dried) 1 1 3 2 3 2 2 1 4 2

Processed 2 1 2 2 4 3 2 1 3 2

Coffee, tea, herbs and spices 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 3 <0.5

Oils and extracts 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5

Nuts (fresh or dried) 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 0 <0.5 1 <0.5 0 <0.5



Wastepaper 1 4 1 7 2 16 8 67 4 28

Sawnwood 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 2

Other forest products <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5


TCF Textiles 14 19 12 16 12 20 13 21 16 24

Other TCF products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5

TCF Total 15 19 12 16 13 20 13 21 16 24 3%

Animal fibre Wool 59 6 28 3 11 1 17 2 12 1

Wool grease and wastes <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 2 1

Other animal fibres <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Animal fibre Total 59 6 28 3 11 1 17 2 14 2 3%


Pet food 3 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 1


Wine Red 1 <0.5 2 1 1 <0.5 1 1 1 <0.5

White <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Fortified <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sparkling <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Wine Total 2 1 3 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 <0.5%

Seafood Molluscs 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Crustaceans <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Other seafood products <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

50

Seafood Total 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Skins and hides Skins and hides Total <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5%

Total Victoria 468 289 404 292 419 386 498 502 501 327 100%


51

IndonesiaTable 33. Victorian food and fibre exports^ to Indonesia (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Commodity group Product


Meat Beef 123 24 122 22 107 21 111 23 122 28

Offal 12 4 8 2 15 6 22 8 34 14

Sheepmeat 7 1 8 1 10 2 13 2 11 1

Animal fats 5 1 6 1 6 <0.5 5 1 9 1

Other meat products 2 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Meat Total 148 30 145 27 138 30 152 33 178 44 36%



Butters, fats and oils 3 1 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5

Other dairy products 2 <0.5 1 1 2 1 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Dairy Total 197 48 148 50 144 49 138 47 138 47 28%



Nuts (fresh or dried) 0 <0.5 3 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5

Vegetables (fresh or dried) 1 <0.5 2 1 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Other horticulture products 0 <0.5 2 1 2 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5


Prepared foods**

Cereal based 38 7 35 7 42 9 27 6 30 5


Condiments 4 1 3 <0.5 5 1 5 1 4 1

Sugars 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2

Other prepared food products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5


Grain Cereals 33 94 51 160 86 326 143 533 18 57

Pulses 10 11 9 10 9 11 4 7 12 13

Processed Grain 1 1 2 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 1 1

Oilseeds 8 7 1 1 <0.5 <0.5 1 1 <0.5 <0.5

Grain Total 52 114 63 174 96 337 148 542 31 70 6%

Forest products Wastepaper 22 139 19 141 12 55 20 108 9 75

Paper and paperboard 3 4 5 5 5 6 5 5 2 2

Wood-based panels <0.5 <0.5 1 1 <0.5 <0.5 1 1 1 1

Sawnwood <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5



Pet food 1 1 2 1 1 <0.5 1 1 1 1


TCF^ Textiles 17 7 19 7 26 11 3 1 2 <0.5

Footwear <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5


TCF Total 18 7 20 7 27 11 4 1 3 <0.5

Skins and hides Skins and hides Total <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 1 2 <0.5 1 1 1 0%

Seafood Seafood extracts and oils <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Other seafood products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Seafood Total <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Wine Red <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

White <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sparkling <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Fortified <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Wine Total 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5%

52

Animal fibre Animal fibre Total <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Total Victoria 573 419 556 484 560 548 597 800 499 284 100%


53

South KoreaTable 34. Victorian food and fibre exports^ to South Korea (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Commodity group Product


Meat Beef 94 16 97 15 62 11 70 12 130 18

Sheepmeat 9 1 15 2 40 6 53 7 64 8

Offal 21 4 15 3 15 3 17 3 21 4


Poultry <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 2 1 3 2

Animal fats 2 3 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2

Other prepared meat products 2 <0.5 3 <0.5 3 1 2 <0.5 1 <0.5

Pig meat <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Meat Total 133 26 136 23 131 23 153 26 228 35 48%

Dairy Cheese and whey products 25 5 34 7 46 10 41 8 43 8

Milk and cream 38 10 27 8 35 10 34 9 19 6



Dairy Total 69 16 73 18 87 20 79 18 70 15 15%


Wool grease and wastes 4 6 1 4 1 2 1 2 <0.5 1

Other animal fibres <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5


Prepared foods** Other food preparations 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 4 <0.5 22 3

Cereal based 9 1 9 1 8 1 6 1 9 1

Beverages 9 6 7 4 3 2 4 3 3 1

Other prepared food products 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 3 1



Pet food 6 2 7 2 7 2 6 2 7 2


Grain Processed Grain 15 26 14 21 10 17 6 12 12 16

Cereals 16 37 7 17 6 17 4 13 6 14

Oilseeds 24 35 15 26 11 16 4 8 4 7

Pulses 5 5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Grain Total 59 103 36 64 28 51 15 33 22 37 5%


Processed <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 1 2 1

Vegetables (fresh or dried) 2 3 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5

Other horticulture products 3 1 7 2 3 3 2 1 2 1



Wastepaper 1 4 1 3 1 2 2 10 1 7

Sawnwood 5 10 3 6 4 11 3 6 <0.5 2

Roundwood 17 165 18 157 21 150 2 14 <0.5 1



TCF Textiles 16 6 7 2 1 0 1 0 3 <0.5

Clothing <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5


TCF Total 16 6 7 2 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 3 <0.5

Wine Red 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Other wine products <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Wine Total 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 1 <0.5%

Seafood Fish <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5


54

Seafood Total <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 0 1 <0.5 <0.5%

Skins and hides Skins and hides Total <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Total Victoria 402 388 400 337 385 332 366 187 479 161 100%


55

Hong KongTable 35. Victorian food and fibre exports^ to Hong Kong (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Commodity group Product


Prepared foods** Other food preparations 55 6 140 9 183 12 168 10 103 7

Cereal based 6 1 25 2 22 2 22 2 48 3

Confectionery 9 2 9 2 10 2 10 1 11 2

Beverages 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 2

Condiments 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 1

Sugars <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5



Vegetables (fresh or dried) 2 <0.5 4 1 6 1 6 1 7 2

Oils and extracts 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 1 3 1

Processed 1 <0.5 2 1 3 1 3 1 3 1


Coffee, tea, herbs and spices <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5


Meat Offal 34 9 33 8 29 7 44 11 36 10

Sheepmeat 27 6 9 1 10 2 20 4 15 2

Beef 6 1 10 1 8 1 11 1 11 1

Poultry 3 2 2 1 2 1 3 2 3 2

Animal fats <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 1

Pig meat 1 <0.5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 <0.5

Other prepared meat products 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Alternative meat 3 <0.5 3 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Meat Total 75 18 60 13 53 11 83 19 68 15 15%





Dairy Total 63 22 63 21 65 20 65 17 62 16 14%

Seafood Molluscs 22 1 22 <0.5 30 1 29 1 30 <0.5

Crustaceans 5 <0.5 5 <0.5 8 <0.5 9 <0.5 7 <0.5

Other seafood products 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Seafood Total 28 1 28 1 38 1 <0.5 1 37 1 8%

Wine Red 21 2 18 2 21 2 21 2 18 1

White 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Fortified 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Sparkling <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Wine Total 25 3 22 2 23 2 22 2 20 1 4%


Wastepaper 1 8 2 12 3 19 1 4 1 3



TCF^ Textiles 7 <0.5 6 <0.5 3 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5

Clothing <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5

Footwear <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5


TCF Total 8 <0.5 8 <0.5 5 <0.5 4 <0.5 4 <0.5


Stock feed 1 1 1 1 1 <0.5 1 1 1 <0.5

56


Skins and hides Other skins and hides <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5

Cattle 1 0 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sheep <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Skins and hides Total 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5%

Grain Cereals <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Pulses 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Oilseeds <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Processed Grain <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Grain Total <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Animal fibre Yarn products 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Wool grease and wastes 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Other animal fibres <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Wool <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Animal fibre Total <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5%


57

SingaporeTable 36. Victorian food and fibre exports^ to Singapore (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Commodity group Product


Dairy Milk and cream 110 35 71 30 71 33 59 28 61 32Cheese and whey products 37 10 33 13 33 9 31 9 31 6Yoghurt and fermented milk products 11 3 15 4 17 4 19 4 21 4Butters, fats and oils 28 5 19 4 15 3 15 2 13 1Dairy Total 187 53 137 50 136 48 124 43 125 43 34%

Meat Sheepmeat 27 6 29 6 36 6 36 6 42 6Beef 20 3 18 3 19 2 19 2 23 3Animal fats <0.5 <0.5 4 5 7 7 5 5 7 8Offal 7 3 8 4 5 2 5 2 6 2Pig meat 7 2 19 3 8 2 4 1 4 1Other meat products 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5Meat Total 61 14 78 20 75 19 69 15 83 21 23%

Horticulture Fruit (fresh or dried) 27 14 30 13 24 10 30 11 31 12Vegetables (fresh or dried) 6 2 10 4 11 4 11 4 12 4Processed 3 1 4 1 4 1 5 2 4 2Oils and extracts 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 8 6 2 <0.5 3 1Nuts (fresh or dried) 2 <0.5 3 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5Coffee, tea, herbs and spices <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5Horticulture Total 40 18 48 18 48 21 49 17 52 18 14%

Prepared foods** Cereal based 11 3 8 1 11 2 10 2 8 1Other food preparations 7 2 8 3 9 3 8 2 7 2Confectionery 4 1 3 1 3 <0.5 3 <0.5 6 1Condiments 3 1 3 1 3 1 4 1 5 1Beverages 2 3 1 3 1 3 1 2 2 2Sugars 3 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1Prepared foods Total 30 13 25 9 29 10 28 8 29 8 8%

Animal fibre Wool grease and wastes 60 77 13 16 20 19 36 44 26 33Other animal fibres <0.5 <0.5 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5Wool <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5Animal fibre Total 60 77 14 16 20 19 37 44 26 33 7%

Seafood Molluscs 12 <0.5 11 <0.5 13 <0.5 14 <0.5 19 <0.5Crustaceans 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5Other seafood products <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5Seafood Total 13 <0.5 13 <0.5 14 <0.5 15 <0.5 20 <0.5 6%

TCF Textiles 16 2 7 1 3 1 3 1 7 1Footwear 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5Other TCF products 1 <0.5 3 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5TCF Total 17 2 11 1 5 1 5 1 11 1 3%

Wine Sparkling 5 1 5 1 7 1 5 1 5 1Red 3 3 3 1 3 1 3 1 2 <0.5White 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5Fortified <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5Wine Total 9 5 10 2 11 3 10 2 9 2 2%

Animal feed Stock feed 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2Pet food 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 <0.5Total animal feed 4 3 4 3 3 3 4 3 3 2 1%

Grain Cereals 3 11 <0.5 1 4 14 2 6 2 4Processed Grain 0 <0.5 1 1 1 1 1 <0.5 1 1Oilseeds 9 8 3 1 1 1 1 1 <0.5 <0.5Pulses 0 0 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5Grain Total 14 20 4 3 6 16 4 7 3 6 1%

Forest products Paper and paperboard 2 3 4 4 6 10 1 <0.5 1 <0.5Wastepaper 1 3 <0.5 1 <0.5 3 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5Other forest products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5Total forest products 3 6 4 5 6 13 1 1 1 1 <0.5%

58

Skins and hides Total skins and hides <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Total Victoria 438 211 348 129 354 152 345 142 363 134 100%


59

VietnamTable 37. Victorian food and fibre exports^ to Vietnam (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)

Commodity group Product


Horticulture Nuts (fresh or dried) 1 <0.5 20 3 18 3 43 8 86 10

Fruit (fresh or dried) 2 <0.5 17 5 27 7 28 7 51 12

Processed <0.5 <0.5 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1

Other horticulture products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5



Cereals 63 185 52 158 112 390 88 310 17 39

Pulses <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 2 5 1 2

Oilseeds 19 33 <0.5 <0.5 4 8 2 4 1 1

Grain Total 101 247 73 187 139 441 119 367 64 113 19%

Meat Beef 19 5 13 1 28 5 21 3 29 4

Offal 5 4 5 2 5 2 4 1 8 4

Sheepmeat 8 2 2 <0.5 3 <0.5 5 1 8 1

Animal fats 1 <0.5 2 1 2 1 3 1 4 2

Poultry <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 2 2 2 2 1 1


Meat Total 40 11 26 5 41 10 35 8 51 12 15%


Cheese and whey products 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 3 1 4 1 5 1

Yoghurt and fermented milk products 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Butters, fats and oils <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 3 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Dairy Total 33 12 44 19 47 21 32 15 44 20 13%


Sawnwood 1 2 1 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 1 2


Roundwood 0 0 <0.5 1 0 4 <0.5 3 <0.5 4

Wood-based panels 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0


Prepared foods** Cereal based 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 5 <0.5 3 <0.5 4 <0.5

Other food preparations 2 <0.5 3 <0.5 3 <0.5 9 <0.5 4 <0.5

Condiments 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Other prepared food products 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5

Prepared foods Total 4 <0.5 5 1 8 1 14 1 10 1 3%


Pet food <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Animal feed total 6 6 6 8 4 6 6 12 9 11 3%

TCF^ Textiles 16 6 45 17 34 12 12 3 7 <0.5

Footwear <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5

Other TCF products <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5

TCF Total 16 6 46 17 34 12 12 3 8 <0.5 2%

Wine Red <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 2 <0.5

White <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Fortified 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sparkling <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Wine Total 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 1%

Seafood Fish <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Molluscs 7 <0.5 5 <0.5 5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Crustaceans 105 1 100 1 63 1 8 <0.5 0 0

Seafood Total 111 1 106 1 68 1 10 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Skins and hides Cattle <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Other skins and hides 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Sheep skins 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0

Skins and hides Total 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5%

60

Animal fibre Yarn products 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0

Wool grease and wastes 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0

Other animal fibre products 1 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0

Animal fibre Total 1 2 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5%

Total Victoria 326 314 351 262 394 524 310 463 340 235^Export figures need to be used with caution. Some grain, forestry, TCF and animal feed exports are affected by confidentiality agreements.**Prepared foods are classified as those which have been substantially transformed from their raw product basis and may have input from more than one food production industry.

61

United Arab EmiratesTable 38. Victorian food and fibre exports^ to UAE (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Commodity group Product


Meat Sheepmeat 91 16 95 17 113 17 127 18 160 20

Beef 23 3 18 3 13 2 17 3 16 2

Offal 5 2 6 2 7 3 8 3 9 3

Alternative meat 6 1 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Other meat products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Meat Total 125 22 121 22 133 22 152 24 185 26 55%

Prepared foods** Cereal based 72 17 60 16 57 15 80 21 71 19

Other food preparations 3 <0.5 4 1 3 <0.5 6 1 5 1

Confectionery <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5



TCF Textiles 15 22 20 25 19 29 19 30 22 31

Clothing 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Other TCF products 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

TCF Total 17 22 21 25 20 29 20 30 23 31 7%


Vegetables (fresh or dried) 2 1 3 2 2 1 2 1 1 <0.5

Oils and extracts 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5


Other horticulture products 2 0 1 0 2 0 2 <0.5 1 <0.5





Animal fibre Wool 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 <0.5

Wool grease and wastes 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0

Other animal fibres <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Animal fibre Total 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 8 <0.5 1%

Grain Pulses 11 14 10 12 32 44 13 23 5 4

Oilseeds 9 18 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 1 <0.5

Processed Grain <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Cereals 1 2 0 1 <0.5 <0.5 5 16 <0.5 <0.5

Grain Total 21 33 11 13 33 45 17 39 5 4 2%

Dairy Cheese and whey products 4 1 4 1 3 <0.5 5 1 5 1

Milk and cream 12 3 10 4 15 6 9 3 1 <0.5

Yoghurt and fermented milk products <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Butters, fats and oils 20 5 8 2 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 0 0

Dairy Total 36 9 21 7 20 7 14 4 5 1 2%

Wine Red 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5

White <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sparkling <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Fortified <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Wine Total 2 1 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 3 1 1 <0.5 <0.5%

Animal feed Stock feed <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Pet food <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Animal feed Total 1 1 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5%

Skins and hides Other skins and hides 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Cattle 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Skins and hides Total 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5%

62

Seafood Fish <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5


Seafood Total <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5%

Total Victoria 348 128 316 110 317 145 333 136 339 100 100%


63

IndiaTable 39. Victorian food and fibre exports^ to India (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Commodity group Product



Raw silk 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0

Yarn products 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0

Wool grease and wastes 1 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0


Horticulture Nuts (fresh or dried) 154 19 105 15 127 22 137 23 118 18

Fruit (fresh or dried) 2 1 1 1 1 1 5 3 3 1

Oils and extracts <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Other horticulture products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5


Grain Pulses 27 41 16 19 123 159 48 70 5 9


Cereals 22 70 0 1 83 300 0 0 0 0

Oilseeds <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0

Grain Total 56 119 22 27 211 465 53 78 10 17 3%





Skins and hides Cattle hides 9 2 12 2 12 2 7 1 6 1

Sheep skins <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Other skins and hides products <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Skins and hides Total 10 2 13 2 14 3 7 2 6 1 2%

Prepared foods** Other food preparations 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 3 <0.5

Cereal based <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Other prepared food products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 93 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Prepared foods Total 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 3 <0.5 1%

TCF Textiles 7 3 8 3 74 33 8 3 1 <0.5

Footwear <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Leather articles <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5


TCF Total 7 3 8 3 75 33 9 3 2 <0.5 1%

Meat Sheepmeat <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5

Meat Total <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5%

Animal feed Stock feed <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Pet food <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0

Animal feed Total 1 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Dairy Cheese and whey products <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5


Milk and cream <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Dairy Total <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5%

Wine Red <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

White <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Other wine products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Wine Total <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5%

Seafood Seaweed 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0

64

Fish 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0

Seafood Total 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 <0.5%

Total Victoria 353 183 308 92 629 666 379 152 292 85 100%


65

ThailandTable 40. Victorian food and fibre exports^ to Thailand (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Commodity group Product



Milk and cream 45 13 32 11 24 7 36 12 29 9



Milk extracts <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Dairy Total 83 21 64 20 61 17 80 22 76 21 29%


Cereals 25 65 20 56 46 173 51 173 14 43

Oilseeds 1 1 1 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 2

Pulses 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1

Grain Total 61 121 53 104 66 205 63 193 45 94 17%


Nuts (fresh or dried) 8 1 9 1 8 1 4 <0.5 3 <0.5

Vegetables (fresh or dried) 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 2 2 1

Other horticulture products 4 <0.5 7 <0.5 5 <0.5 3 <0.5 3 <0.5


Meat Beef 12 1 7 1 7 1 11 1 13 1

Animal fats 6 <0.5 7 <0.5 7 <0.5 6 <0.5 7 <0.5

Offal 7 3 5 3 4 2 4 2 7 2

Sheepmeat 5 1 5 <0.5 7 1 8 1 6 <0.5

Other meat products 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5

Meat Total 30 6 24 4 25 4 29 4 34 4 13%

Prepared foods** Other food preparations 5 1 5 1 4 1 8 1 7 1

Cereal based 34 8 19 7 25 8 17 5 4 2

Condiments 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 3 <0.5 4 1 3 1

Confectionery 2 <0.5 2 1 2 1 3 1 2 <0.5

Beverages 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 2 1

Sugars 1 1 1 <0.5 1 1 1 1 1 1



Wool grease and wastes 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0



Pet food 6 2 5 2 5 2 4 2 3 2




Sawnwood 1 4 2 6 2 5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1



TCF Textiles 8 3 3 1 11 4 3 0 4 0


TCF Total 8 3 3 1 11 4 3 <0.5 4 <0.5

Cattle hides 6 2 4 2 1 1 2 2 3 2

Other skins and hides products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5


Wine Red 1 1 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 1

Sparkling 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

White <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Fortified <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Wine Total 3 <0.5 3 1 2 1 2 1 3 1 1%

Seafood Fish <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 1 1 <0.5

Other seafood products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Seafood Total <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 1 1 <0.5 <0.5%

66


67

TaiwanTable 41. Victorian food and fibre exports^ to Taiwan (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Commodity group Product





Yoghurt and fermented milk products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5

Dairy Total 52 13 64 18 70 20 59 16 67 17 28%

Meat Beef 25 4 24 3 23 3 18 3 27 3

Sheepmeat 11 3 6 2 6 1 11 3 13 3

Offal 2 1 3 1 3 <0.5 2 <0.5 5 1


Other meat products 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Meat Total 43 9 36 7 41 7 36 7 47 8 20%


Pet food 10 4 9 4 9 4 8 3 6 3



Wool grease and wastes 2 3 0 0 0 0 <0.5 1 0 0

Other animal fibres <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 0 0 0


Prepared foods** Cereal based 17 3 13 2 13 2 11 2 13 2


Confectionery 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 0 2 0 1 <0.5

Other prepared food products <0.5 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 0 1 0 1 <0.5

Prepared foods Total <0.5 4 22 5 26 7 29 6 26 5 11%

Grain Cereals 36 101 33 98 29 101 37 129 13 36

Processed Grain 8 12 6 8 2 3 3 4 2 2

Pulses 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 <0.5

Oilseeds 2 2 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0

Grain Total 48 118 40 107 33 105 42 135 15 38 6%


Sawnwood 3 6 4 7 3 7 2 10 2 6

Wastepaper <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 3 1 5 1 5

Roundwood <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0



Vegetables (fresh or dried) 1 1 2 1 5 3 2 <0.5 2 1

Oils and extracts 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5

Other horticulture products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5Horticulture Total 5 2 8 3 12 6 9 3 9 3 4%

SeafoodSeaweed <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5Fish <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Seafood Total 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 1%

Wine Red 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 1 2 1

White <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Fortified <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sparkling <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Wine Total 1 <0.5 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 1%

TCF Textiles <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Clothing <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5


TCF Total 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5%

Skins and hides Cattle 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sheep 1 1 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

68

Other skins and hides <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Skins and hides Total 3 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5%

Total Victoria 234 216 233 213 242 213 238 225 243 154 100%


69

ItalyTable 42. Victorian food and fibre exports^ to Italy (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Commodity group Product



Other animal fibres 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Wool grease and wastes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0


Skin and hides

Cattle 19 4 15 4 14 4 14 4 19 6

Other skins and hides 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Sheep 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0



Nuts (fresh or dried) 17 2 25 2 11 1 4 1 4 0

Other horticulture products 7 0 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 0



Wood-based panels 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Sawnwood 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0


TCF Clothing 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0

Other TCF products 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0

TCF Total 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 <0.5%

Prepared foods** Sugars 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Beverages 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0

Cereal based 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Other prepared food products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Prepared foods Total 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 <0.5%

Meat Offal <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Other meat products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Meat Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5%

Wine Red 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

White 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0

Fortified 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Wine Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 <0.5%

Grain Pulses 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0

Cereals 0 0 1 1 0 0 12 31 0 0

Grain Total 0 0 2 2 1 1 12 31 0 0 <0.5%


Pet food 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Animal feed Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5%

Total Victoria 126 27 148 37 127 26 193 54 213 19 100%


70

PhilippinesTable 43. Victorian food and fibre exports^ to Philippines (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Commodity group Product



Milk and cream 48 16 32 13 24 13 24 15 25 17


Butters, fats and oils 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Milk extracts <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Dairy Total 82 24 66 22 53 21 64 24 62 25 43%


Nuts (fresh or dried) <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5

Processed <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 1 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Other horticulture products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5


Meat Beef 13 3 13 3 10 2 25 6 11 2

Sheepmeat 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 5 1

Offal 3 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 4 3

Animal fats 3 2 3 1 2 1 3 1 4 1


Meat Total 27 12 23 8 19 6 38 11 27 9 19%

Prepared foods** Other food preparations 2 <0.5 3 <0.5 3 <0.5 5 <0.5 6 <0.5

Confectionery 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 3 1

Cereal based 4 3 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 1

Condiments <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 3 <0.5 2 <0.5

Other prepared foods 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5



Stock feed 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 <0.5



Wastepaper <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 1 2 <0.5 2

Other forest products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5


Grain Cereals 29 87 20 61 74 296 63 233 2 6

Pulses 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Processed Grain 1 1 1 1 3 4 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Oilseeds 2 2 2 1 2 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Grain Total 33 91 23 64 79 301 64 235 4 8 2%

TCF^ Textiles 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Footwear <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5

Clothing <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Leather articles <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

TCF Total 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 1%

Wine White <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Red <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Other wine products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Wine Total <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5%

Seafood Fish <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Seafood extracts and oils 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0

Molluscs 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0

Seafood Total <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5%

Skins and hides Skins and hides Total <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5%

Animal fibre Wool grease and wastes <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0

71

Animal fibre Total <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5%

Total Victoria 171 143 145 113 187 348 209 292 145 66 100%


72

Case Study: Alternative proteins: challenges and opportunitiesThe global population is expected to grow to 9.7 billion in 2050, resulting in a 70 per cent increase in food and a 73 per cent increase in animal protein demand. This presents opportunities for Victoria’s meat and dairy sector, as well as emerging protein alternatives. A trend towards consuming less meat, vegetarian or vegan diets has also triggered interest in the alternative protein sector.

Alternative proteins are proteins that directly replace animal proteins (meat, seafood, eggs, dairy, packaged meals, leather and fibre). They include plant-based, insect and cell-based (in-vitro, cell or tissue culture) proteins. Research by the CSIRO indicates that by 2030 domestic consumption of alternative proteins will grow to $4.1 billion and that exports could total $2.5 billion. The plant-based protein sector alone is projected by Food Frontier to generate more than $3 billion in national domestic sales and $1 billion in national manufacturing value-add, up to 600 new jobs in Victoria and $164 million in direct value for the state by 2030. The growth in alternative protein is an opportunity for Australian food manufacturers, primary producers and the food innovation ecosystem, with significant potential for value-added exports.

Plant-based protein

A few Australian food manufactures are now offering plant–based alternative protein products that are available at all major supermarkets and through the food service industry. Plant-based alternative protein products are predominately derived from protein rich pulses such as lentils, chickpeas, yellow peas, and faba beans. These plants are highly suitable to the Australian environment, can form an important part of crop rotations and incorporate nitrogen into the soil.

Currently due to factors including varietal choice, grade separation and lack of protein extraction facilities, Australian and New Zealand plant-based alternative meat companies are importing a large proportion of their raw ingredients. This indicates there is an opportunity for Australian grain producers to contribute supply to the high value alternative protein market.

Insect protein

Although the practice is not common in OECD countries, entomophagy, the eating of insects, is common for around 2.5 billion people, and an estimated 30 per cent of the global population, across 130 countries. Insects are being considered as part of the solution to meeting future global food demand due to their high nutritional value and efficiency at converting plants into protein. Multiple companies, (e.g. Ynsect, Edible Bug Shop, Grillo, Hoppa) including large traditional food manufacturers (e.g. Mars Incorporated) are now investing to commercialise insect production for animal and human consumption in the western world. Australian grown edible insects and insect products including crickets, mealworms and insect-based protein powders can now be purchased in limited supermarkets and online from multiple companies. Other companies are developing business models that utilize insects to process organic waste into pet foods.

Cell-based protein

The Good Food Institute has identified that at least 27 companies worldwide are now developing food from cell or tissue culture of cattle, poultry, pigs, fish and crustaceans. These companies are attracting investment from both venture capital and large traditional Agriculture business (e.g. Tyson Foods and Cargill). Multiple cell-based meat, dairy and animal fibre like product concepts have now been demonstrated.

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Definitions and DataDefinitions

This report refers to ‘food exports’ as those products considered suitable for consumption by humans. This classification is made by the Department of Jobs, Precincts and Resources (DJPR) based on the Australian Harmonized Export Commodity Classification (AHECC) code descriptions.

DJPR refers to ‘fibre exports’ as those of wool and other animal fibre products, including skins and hides, forestry products and textiles, clothing and footwear (TCF).

The DJPR classification excludes items such as: live animals for breeding purposes; grains and horticultural products for cultivation; live ornamental plants; and bovine semen.

The DJPR classification includes items such as: live animals for purposes other than breeding; fresh, chilled, frozen and preserved meats and seafood; dairy and horticultural items for human consumption; unprocessed grains and pulses; edible animal by-products; wine and related products; wool and other fibres in various forms; skins and hides from agricultural livestock; and prepared foods derived from agricultural commodities.

State of Origin defines the Australian state in which the final stage of production or manufacture occurs (ABS 5489.0 - International Merchandise Trade, Australia, Concepts, Sources and Methods).

State of Loading is the Australian state in which the goods are loaded onto an international carrier for export. Subject to any confidentiality restrictions, this can be further disaggregated to provide information about particular air or sea ports in the relevant state (i.e. Port of Loading).

Classification of forest products is based on those used by ABARES in the Australian Forest and Wood Products Statistics publication.

Classification of wool products is based on the AWEX Sheep Breed Compendium, 2010.

The regional classification of North Asia comprises China, Hong Kong, Japan, Macau, Mongolia, South Korea and Taiwan.

The regional classification of South East Asia comprises Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, East Timor, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam.

The regional classification of MENA comprises Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Iran, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, South Sudan, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey, UAE and Yemen.

The regional classification of North America comprises the USA, Canada and Mexico.

The regional classification of South Asia comprises Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.

Data

The information in this document is based on statistics compiled by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) from information submitted by exporters and their agents to the Department of Home Affairs (Home Affairs). The data has been sourced from IHS Markit, Global Trade Information Services (GTIS), which compiled the information for DJPR.

Valuation of exports is based on the free on-board transaction value of the goods, expressed in Australian dollars. Values within this publication have been aggregated on a financial year basis. State aggregations are by State of Origin rather than by State of Loading.

Gross weight refers to the shipping weight of goods (measured in tonnes) in the packaged state, excluding the weight of containers. For exports, details of gross weight are available for each commodity.

Restrictions are placed on the release of statistics for some products for reasons of confidentiality. These restrictions may impact on the total aggregated value of exports from Victoria. Alternatively, they may only affect country and commodity details for that export category. Of relevance to Victoria’s food and fibre exports are confidentiality restrictions on specific grain, forestry, Textile, clothing and footwear (TCF) and animal feed product exports including some barley, oats, lupins, canola, beer, pasta and woodchips, products for which no state of origin or export destination details are available.

DJPR uses the AHECC codes for export and import analysis (www.abs.gov.au, Classification 1233.0). These codes concur with international commodity codes, allowing direct import and competitor analysis. Commodity classification also provides greater detail and allows analysis of products from different sectors of the supply chain. These codes enable DJPR to focus on specific fresh and processed export products within industry sectors.

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