mini sse promotionalunit 3 .ppt

7/28/2019 Mini SSE promotionalUnit 3 .ppt

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Mini SSEPromotional Presentation


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(1) Product Awareness


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What is an Explosive?

Chemical compound or mixture that is initiated by heat orshock or a

combination of both.


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Do Explosives care where they get their initiating energy from?


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Decomposes or explodes very rapidly and violently


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Velocity of Detonation (How rapid is rapid?)


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Decomposes or explodes very rapidly and violently

Produces a rapid release ofheat and large quantities ofhigh pressuregas


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Primary Reaction Zone

Expanding GasesPath of Detonation

Detonation Process


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Detonation Process


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The application of detonation

pressure to the blasthole wall as

the reaction zone travels along the

charge column that is responsible

for the primary shock wave

Detonation Pressure


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Comparative Build Up


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Emulsion Manufacture

Three Primary Components:

ANSOL produced at 94% saturated Solution

Pre-blended Fuel Phase

Emulsifier

Components mixed together in Pin Blender


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Emulsion Science

What is an emulsion?A colloid in which small particles of one liquid are

dispersed in another liquid. Usually emulsions involve a

dispersion of oil in water, and are stabilised by an emuls i f ier .

Commonly emulsifiers are substances such as detergents,

that have hydrophobic (i.e. water repelling) and hydrophilic

(i.e. water attracting) parts in their molecule (Oxford Dictionary

of Chemistry)

A colloid is distinguished from a true solution by thepresence of particles that are too small to be observed with a

normal microscope yet much larger than normal molecules


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Emulsion Matrix (60x Objective)


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Emulsion Classification

UN Dangerous Goods Classification 5.1 Oxidiser Solution:

Koenen Test

Time/Pressure Test

UN Gap Test

Tests must be conducted in triplicate in front of a UNInspector.

Only becomes an explosive when sensitised by;

GassingSolid sensitisers (Microballoons)

Blending with ANFO


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Emulsion Detonation Properties

Properties vary with composition - can betailor made to application

VOD 4500 - 6000 m/s (depending on hole

diameter, density and sensitiser used)

Weight Strength: generally lower than ANFO

Bulk Strength: higher than ANFO

Higher shock energy than ANFO


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Explosive Energy/StrengthField performance has shown that fragmentation and

rock displacement are not exclusively reflected in thenumerical values of explosives energy/strength

Relative to

ANFO(100%)

10kg10Lt

Not all ingredients

of emulsions

contribute to reaction

Higher densities of emulsions

put more product into the

volume area

ANFO Emulsion

ANFO Emulsion

RWSRBS


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Heave Vs Shock

Heave Energy

Shock Energy

Increasing Velocity of Detonation

100%

EplosveEergy

0%


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(2) Quality Control


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QC Checks

An initial cup sample must be taken before anyproduct is loaded into blastholes.

This initial cup sample is simply observed to confirm

that the gassing process is underway.

A subsequent cup sample is taken after the loading

of 3 holes and this sample is kept to ascertain a final

product density.


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Critical Density

Critical Density is when the product is so dense thatthere is not sufficient gas voids for the creation of

hot spots to allow for the sustainable propagation of

detonation

Explosives density and sensitivity are related

Deadpressing occurs when gas voids are destroyed

(by abuse, shock waves) reducing sensitivity


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Sensitivity

Explosives require the creation of hot spots tomaintain the reaction

Types of Test

Gap sensitivityDrop Test

Minimum Primer


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Blasthole loading DensitiesBLASTHOLE

DIAMETER

BLASTHOLE

DIAMETEREXPLOSIVE WEIGHT PER METRE

(mm) (inches) 0.8 0.85 0.9 1 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3

89 3 4.99 5.30 5.61 6.24 6.86 7.17 7.48 7.80 8.11102 4 6.55 6.96 7.37 8.19 9.01 9.42 9.83 10.24 10.65

108 4 7.35 7.81 8.27 9.18 10.10- 10.56 11.02 11.48 11.94

114 4 8.19 8.70 9.21 10.23 11.26 11.77 12.28 12.79 13.30

121 4 9.22 9.80 10.38 11.53 12.68 13.26 13.83 14.41 14.99

127 5 10.16 10.80 11.43 12.70 13.97 14.61 15.24 15.88 16.51

130 5 1/8 10.65 11.31 11.98 13.31 14.64 15.30 15.97 16.63 17.30

152 6 14.55 15.46 16.37 18.19 20.01 20.92 21.83 22.74 23.65

159 6 15.93 16.92 17.92 19.91 21.90 22.89 23.89 24.88 25.88

165 6 17.15 18.22 19.29 21.44 23.58 24.65 25.72 26.80 27.87187 7 3/8 22.03 23.40 24.78 27.53 30.29 31.66 33.04 34.42 35.80

203 8 25.96 27.58 29.20 32.45 35.69 37.32 38.94 40.56 42.18

210 8 27.78 29.52 31.25 34.72 38.20 39.93 41.67 43.41 45.14

229 9 33.03 35.10 37.16 41.29 45.42 47.49 49.55 51.62 53.68

251 9 7/8 39.69 42.17 44.65 49.61 54.57 57.05 59.53 62.01 64.49

267 10 44.91 47.71 50.52 56.13 61.75 64.55 67.36 70.17 72.97

270 10 5/8 45.92 48.79 51.66 57.40 63.14 66.01 68.88 71.75 74.62

279 11 49.03 52.10 55.16 61.29 67.42 70.49 73.55 76.62 79.68

286 11 51.53 54.75 57.97 64.41 70.85 74.07 77.29 80.51 83.73311 12 60.93 64.73 68.54 76.16 83.77 87.58 91.39 95.20 99.01

349 13 76.73 81.52 86.32 95.91 105.50 110.29 115.09 119.88 124.6

381 15 91.44 97.16 102.87 114.30 125.73 131.45 137.16 142.88 148.5

432 17 117.56 124.91 132.25 146.95 161.64 168.99 176.34 183.69 191.0


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NOX HazardNOx consist of:

Nitrous oxide (N2O)

Nitric oxide (NO) Converts to nitrogen dioxide in air

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and its dimer nitrogen tetroxide (N2O4)

Nitrogen trioxide (N2O3)

Nitrogen pentoxide (N2O5).

Nitrogen dioxide is the principle hazardous nitrous fume

Physical Properties of Nitrogen Dioxide

Colourless to reddish brown gas above 21C (70F)

On contact with moisture, forms a mixture of nitric and nitrous acids

Sweetish to pungent odour and acid taste

Heavier than air Gas density 1.5 (air = 1)

Non flammable but will accelerate burning of combustible materials

Any atmosphere in which nitrogen dioxide is noticeable by either

smell, irritation or colour, should be regarded as dangerous

Report exposure to your supervisor immediately and seek medicaladvise


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(3) String Loading

(Data Logging)


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Results from String Loading Trial

Crack Radius 0.2

0.3mwhen correctly string loaded


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Good Blasting Practices

Better blasting practices will result in less over break.

Drive perimeters will receive less damage from being hit to

hard when blasted, therefore improving ground control.

Better blasting practices reduce the need for scaling.

Rock bolting is safer and easier to install.

Reduces the need for shot-crete / Mesh.

All these things result in cost savings through efficiency and

safety.

Flow on effect when long hole drilling takes place due to

reduced shock placed on the ground when developmentheadings are fired.


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Poor Blasting Practices


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Poor Blasting Practices

Will result in decreased levels of safety.

Extra costs to remove over break.

Often more Shot crete / Mesh is used.

Installation of ground support can be more

hazardous.

More Scaling is required becoming more hazardous.

Can make long hole drilling more difficult.


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Poor Blasting Practises


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(4) Safety

Attaching the Mini SSE to the IT Tool Head


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Attaching the Mini SSE to the IT Tool Head

and

Operation

Cannington Fatality

Perform Crowd Test

Get out and check full location of retaining pins

Always drive to conditions

Never work under the raised Unit

All Operators must be aware of theSTRETCH, SNAP and SHOOT phenomenon


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Perform QC Checks

Philippines Fatality with NOX

Must determine that Gassing has started

Correct density is being loaded

Gassing rate not too fast

Correct kilos per meter


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Safety Shut Downs

Hi potential near miss at Telfer

High Temp Sensor

High Pressure Sensor (Dead Heading)

No Flow Sensor

Alarm Reset parameters

Each alarm reset takes 40 seconds

Max number of consecutive resets is seven

Compulsory Shut-out of 10 minutes to ascertain problem


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(5) Operating Screens


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Screen Hierarchy

When user starts the PLC the HMI will boot up andmove directly to the Dyno Nobel Welcome Page

User is asked to enter Password and is taken

directly to Production Page

From Production Page there are password links toCalibration Page and trends page

Trends page is available to all users and displays;

Flow Rates

Pressure Data

Temperature Data

Production Screen


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Production Screen

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