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Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
EVA Moscow
MINERVA: Standards and Guidelines for Digitisation
MICHAEL: cultural heritage collections online
Antonella FresaAdvisor of the Italian Ministry of Culture
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
MICHAEL and MINERVA: from the LUND Principles to
EUROPEANAMINERVA
MINERVA Plus
MINERVA-EC ATHENA
MICHAEL
MICHAEL Plus
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
R&D initial deployment full depl.
MICHAEL Plus
The projects phases
Catalogue des fonds culturels numérises (FR)
2002 ………............. 06/2004 …...........… 05/2006 .. ………… 05/2008 …… 11/2008
MICHAEL
MINERVA, MINERVA Plus, MINERVA-EC
ATHENA
eEurope …………….. I2010 ………. European Digital Library ……… EUROPEANA
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
The MINERVA initiative
MinervaEC continued the work undertaken by MINERVA and MINERVA Plus towards the elaboration of a platform of recommendations, guidelines and tools for digitisation.
MINERVAMINERVA PlusMINERVA-EC
Three projects belonging to the same initiativeActive since 2002 in Europe and beyond
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
MINERVA objectives
• Aligned with and Europeana
• To improve accessibility to and visibility of European digital cultural resources;
• To contribute to increasing interoperability between existing networks of services;
• To promote the use of digital cultural resources by business and citizens;
• To facilitate exploitation of cultural digital resources, providing clear rules for their use and re-use, respecting and protecting the creators’ rights.
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
MINERVA targetsBeneficiaries of the MINERVA initiative are:
• public and private organisations and institutions that create, collect or own digital content;
• private citizens, interested in receiving quality contents, reliable and directly responding to their interests;
• universities and schools, which wants to use cultural contents for educational purposes in a legal and safe environment;
• small and large enterprises interested in (re)using digital cultural content.
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
MINERVA approachSame successful approach for the three projects (MINERVA, MINEVA Plus and MinervaEC) :a.tight liaison with national digitisation policiesb.implementation of the results achieved into new initiatives (e.g. MED-CULT, MICHAEL, MICHAEL Plus, ATHENA)c.involvement of experts from all cultural sectors (museums, libraries, archives etc.)d.cooperation with other networks and projects
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008 8 / 9
MINERVA and MINERVA Plus: a flashback
MINERVA – IST FP5
from 2002 until 2005
7 countries
MINERVA Plus – FP6
from 2004 until 2006
14 EU countries + Russia – Centre PIC and Israel
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
MINERVA and MINERVA Plus main results
Annual Reports: 4 editions (2002, 2003, 2004, 2005)
A set of practical Handbooks:
Good Practices
Technical Guidelines
Good quality cultural websites
Cost reduction
Multilingual websites and thesauri
The Minerva website: www.minervaeurope.org
9 NRG meetings under the aegis of 9 EU Presidencies: Alicante-Spain, Copenhagen-Denmark, Corfu-Greece, Parma-Italy, Dublin-Ireland, The Hague-The Netherlands, Luxembourg, Bristol-UK, Salzburg-Austria
Hundreds of European cultural institutions involved in workshops, seminars, training
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
MINERVA-EC
Thematic NetworkSupported under eContentplus Started on 1st October 2006Completed on 30th September 2008
Coordinated by the Italian Ministry of Culture
22 EU countriesMore than 150 cultural institutions from all
over Europe
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
National workshops15 National workshops held in 2 years to promote MINERVA and to illustrate its tools and publications
• Brussels, 24/4/2007
• Santiago de Compostela, 11/5/2007
• Poprad, 2/10/2007
• Vilnius, 4/10/2007
• Tallin, 18-19/10/2007
• Riga, 30/10/2007
• Bratislava, 12-13/11/2007
• Jerusalem, 20-21/11/2007
• Sofia, 26/02/2008
• Warsaw, 20/5/2008
• Belfast, 22/5/2008
• Athens, 29/5/2008
• Vienna, 25/8/2008
• Brussels, 19/09/2008
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
MinervaEC international meetings
• Working groups meetings:– Rome, 5/12/2006– Berlin, 20/6/2007– Tenerife, 1-3/6/2008 – cooperation to the workshop Semantic
Interoperability in the European Digital Library
• Plenary meetings in cooperation with the EU Presidencies:
– Helsinki, 12 October 2006– Berlin, 23 February 2007– Ljubljana, 5-6 June 2008
• Final conference in Leipzig in September 2008
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
An overview of the MINERVA products
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
Translation of Handbooks Guidelines and Reports from Minerva / Minerva Plus
continued during MINERVA-EC
All the publications are available at: minervaeurope.org
Hundreds of cultural institutions are continuing to download the MINERVA products to support their daily work in digitisation
Many products translated in Russian language by Centre PIC
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
New products
• Annual Reports 2007-2008 (in cooperation with EC)
• Directory of the European legislation v.2• 3 new Handbooks:
Technical guidelines v.2 IPR guidelines Handbook on cultural web user interaction
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
• Realised in cooperation with the European Commission
• Based on the questionnaire sent by EC in February/March 2008
• Reports gathered by EC are on the Thematic Portal:http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/activities/
digital_libraries/experts/mseg/reports/index_en.htm • The national reports + complementary information
about MINERVA and MICHAEL activities are published in the MINERVA Annual Report.
Annual Report 2007-2008
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
The report includes the following chapters:
MINERVA eCMICHAEL Culture serviceKey Steps 1999-2007MINERVA publications Reports from Member States and Observers
Member States’ Expert Group communication
Annual Report 2007-2008
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
Printed version of the Report distributed at the Conference “Numérisation du patrimonine culturel”, held in Paris on 27-28 November 2008, under the aegis of the French Presidency of the EU. PDF files are available on the MINERVA Website at the following URL:http://www.minervaeurope.org/publications/globalreport.htm
Annual Report 2007-2008
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
First release 2004http://www.minervaeurope.org/publications/qualitycriteria1_2draft/appendix4.htm
New release 2008Update and addition of new Member States national ruleshttp://www.minervaeurope.org/eu_nat_webapplications.html
edited by the Research Staff of the Italian Senate Library in co-operation with European Parliamentary Libraries
Directory of European and national rules on web applications
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
www.minervaeurope.org > Directory…
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
Content of the Directory
What?• normative or strategic documents
Who?• by public sources• addressed to public agencies
Why? • relevant to Web applications
When?
• since 1995• in force, or relevant to the evolution of policies
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
The new MINERVA Handbooks
2008 editions
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
Technical Guidelines (2004)
•For policy-makers and funding programmes for the creation of digital cultural content
•Propose the adoption of standards as the foundation for interoperability of resources and the creation of services for integrated access
•Technical standards support:
– Interoperability
– Access
– Preservation
– Security
Technical Guidelines for Digital Cultural Content Creation Programmes
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
• Identify areas where there is broad agreement
• Not a single prescriptive set of requirements to which all projects must conform
– can be used flexibly by Programme Managers
– can be used for self-assessment by projects
• Reflect a ‘life cycle’ approach to the digitisation process (as in MINERVA Good Practice Handbook)
• Divided into 10 sections matching life cycle stages
Technical Guidelines for Digital Cultural Content Creation Programmes
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
Digitisation life cycle
• Digitisation project planning
• Selection of material and preparation for digitisation
• Handling of originals
• HW, SW, digitisation process
• Digital master: storage and management
• Metadata
• Publication
• Disclosure/Use of resources
• IPR, re-use, re-purposing
Technical Guidelines for Digital Cultural Content Creation Programmes
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
Why:
• New and updated standards
• Standards which have failed
• Accompanying resources which are no longer available
• Impact of Web 2.0
• 3D
Technical Guidelines (2008)
Updates To Version 2
Technical Guidelines (2008)Technical Guidelines (2008)Technical Guidelines (2008)
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
Focus:
• Standards and methods for acquisition, storage and visual display of digital three-dimensional models for objects or scenes of cultural interest
Context:
• Progress in the development of digital 3D graphics and visualization tools, both HW and SW
• Decrease of their cost
• Foreseen increase of 3D digitisation by cultural institutions
• Need for guidance to the institutions
• Prepare a training route for people in charge
Guidelines on 3D and virtual reality
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
Goals:
• Identify standards and provide guidelines for planning, designing, carrying out, documenting, publishing and communicating multimedia 3D projects and resources
• Cover:
– 3D scanning of physical objects
– 3D modelling (born digital 3D content created with computer graphics systems)
• Make a census of the 3D realisations and identify good practices, according the different project objectives (education, research, communication to the public, etc.)
Guidelines on 3D and virtual reality
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
IPR Guidelines
Focus:
• For the use of cultural heritage institutions which are digitising cultural material and publishing it online, or are considering doing so.
Goals:
• To provide pragmatic, concise advice to cultural heritage institutions on the topic of intellectual property rights, as it
impacts on digitisation projects. • Summarize, update and re-organise materials produced by
MINERVA on IPR
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
Content:
• Two main sections, corresponding to the two key points where Intellectual Property Rights impact on digitisation projects:– Rights clearance: Permission must be obtained from rights holders to
digitise and publish must be obtained
– Publication: The rights of rights holders and of the cultural heritage institution must be protected during the online publication of the digitised material.
• For each section, a range of background information is provided.
• Guidelines on how a digitisation project should respond to this background information are then provided.
• Information is complemented by reference to relevant Web resources
IPR Guidelines
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
Key messages:Quality must be planned into a website from
the start of the projectThe user is critical – involve him at every stage Relationships with other resources must be
considered: online (interoperability) and future
(long term preservation)
Handbook on cultural web user interaction
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
The users: who are they in 2008?
Some definitions: • hybrid individual• transceiver (transmitter + receiver)• prosumer (producer + consumer) = information recipient and provider of its own contents
Different terms characterize the many user’s activities and behaviours on the web: consumer / client / audienceuser / surfer / viewerplayer / clicker / downloader / streamer
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
Another type of user...
Non human users/agents:
robots, spiders, crawlers, harvesters…
This variety of definitions reflects an articulated offer of contents and applications in the new media environment
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
To help the designer of a cultural web site to answers to some questions such as:
What do users want?
How do users behave?
How can we understand the use they make of our web applications?
Do effective methods exist to ask users about their expectations (before) and their degree of satisfaction (after)?
Handbook on cultural web user interaction
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
MICHAEL to deploy MINERVA results
• MICHAEL and MICHAEL Plus: 2 deployment projects lasted between 2004 – 2008, supported by eTEN
• MICHAEL service currently involves 20 EU countries
• MICHAEL Culture Association has been established in 2007 to manage the MICHAEL services and it is member of the Executive Committee of EUROPEANA Foundation
• MICHAEL implementation is based on the metadata standard for cultural inventories developed by MINERVA
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
MICHAELMultilingual Inventory of
Cultural Heritage in Europe• A European online service offering quick
and easy access to European cultural heritage
• Based on surveys of digital cultural collections at national level
• European portal giving access to national databases through periodical harvesting
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
Standards
Open source software platform
MINERVA recommendations and guidelines
Data model aligned to the Dublin Core Metadata Set and the emerging Dublin Core Collection Description Application Profile
XML data base
Metadata harvesting through OAI-PMH
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
MICHAEL European Portal
• The European service MICHAEL Culture is on line at
http://www.michael-culture.org
• More than 7,000 digital collections corresponding to millions of digital objects!
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
Several national portals are on line and constantly updated and enriched with new data.FR http://www.michael-culture.fr IT http://michael-culture.it UK http://www.michael-culture.org.uk DE http://www.michael-portal.de FI http://www.michael-culture.fi
+ Bulgaria, Czech Rep., Estonia, Flemish Belgium, Greece, Hungary, Israel, Latvia, Poland, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden
MICHAEL National Portals
Rossella Caffo, MIBACWarsaw, 19 May 2008
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
Cross-domain approach
MICHAEL data model is conceived for describing digital collections belonging to every sector of cultural heritage
MICHAEL is designed to provide integrated online access to the whole European cultural heritage
MINERVA: Involving all the cultural domains, museums, libraries and archives
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
Policy links
• MICHAEL has strong policy links• Its success is based on the actual
political commitment at national and European levels
• Main targeted policy domains:– Culture & multilingualism– Education & training– Research & innovation– Tourism & economic
development
MINERVA: Ability to interact with Ministries, Presidencies and other political stakeholders
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
MINERVA: Study on the User Needs
MICHAEL Users
• many different user communities– education
– cultural tourism
– research
– ‘co-ordination’
– and computers & networks …
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
MICHAEL actors and roles• Ministries of culture:
coordination and financing
• Central cultural institutes: standardisation and guidelines
• Technology providers: software implementation
• Regions and Universities: surveys and local coordination of the cataloguers
• The actual cultural institutions on the territory: museums, libraries and archives to provide content
MINERVA: model for cooperation and quality framework
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
The futureMINERVA and MICHAEL are now completed projects.
The next project is ATHENABest Practice Network, coordinated by the Italian Ministry of Culture supported by eContentplus
ATHENA will last for the next 2 years, with the participation of many partners from all over Europe and cultural institutions from Russia, under the coordination of Centre PIC
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
The Italy-Russia protocol of cooperation
Italian Ministry – Direction General Librariesand
Russian State Library of Moscow
are going to sign a cooperation protocol for the valorisation of Russian culture and language in Italy and viceversa.
This protocol includes the exploitation of the results of MICHAEL and MINERVA for the online access to digital cultural content.
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
The Italy-Russia protocol of cooperation
Foreseen activities include:•Exhibitions,•Translations,•Bibliographic exchange,•Cataloguing and digitation,•Communication.
MICHAEL, MINERVA and ATHENA will contribute to:-Best practices exchange-Cooperation in the frame of implementation projects-Encounters among experts-Dissemination
Minerva: Standards and Guidelines for DigitisationMICHAEL: cultural heritage collections onlineMoscow, 2 December, 2008
Thank you for your attention
www.minervaeurope.orgwww.michael-culture.org
Antonella [email protected]