mi’kmaq three levels of government. local council chief district council chief grand council chief...
TRANSCRIPT
Mi’kmaq
Three Levels of Government
Local Council Chief
District Council Chief
Grand Council Chief
Powers
Duties
Geographic Constituency
Leadership Characteristics (how chosen)
Local Council Chief Presides over the Council of Elders Council of Elders was usually made up of the
heads of families or representatives Responsibilities consisted of:
Making decisions within local areas Take care of supplies, dogs, canoes, hunting,
emergencies (providing for villages) Were teachers and role models for the young Training hunters
Local Council Chief cont’d
The Local Chief was always male and came from a prominent family
They were of good character and they were very good hunters
District Council Chief Total of 7, 1 for each of the 7 Mi’Kmaq
districts Presides over council of local chiefs Responsible for several
villages/communities within his district Met during spring, summer or fall to
settle problems such as peace and war Act as arbitrator - would listen to both
parties and settle dispute
District Council ChiefThe responsibilities
of the Chief included:
Attending Local Council meetings
Take care of problems among districts, villages, nations
District Chief was eldest male of large powerful family
Good hunters
Grand Council Chief Grand Chief is most
important When he speaks,
everyone listens. Presides over Grand
Council Responibilities
included: Defending territory Taking care of any
orphaned children Help with providing food
and supplies
Grand Council Chief The Grand chief had to have
an exceptional character Was an excellent hunter 2 ways to become a Grand
Chief: Hereditary (unless the father
did not feel they were worthy of the position)
Survive in woods for several days without food or water. Must make a camp for 2 people and wait to see if another person arrives. If this occurs, he is capable of being Grand Chief
The Modern Grand Council (Please copy the following notes)
The Indian Act and the introduction of the elected chief and council, the role of the Grand Council has changed.
Grand council now focuses on spiritual needs of community.
Meets 2-3 times a year, usually around religious holidays.
The grand council consists of the grand chief, the putus (grand chief assistant) and the grand captain together with the captains.
Captains
The captains who serve under the grand chief are selected for life.
New captain occurs when a captain dies or there is a need for additional captains.
The selection process involves the grand chief, the local priest and other concerned individuals.
The responsibilities of the captains include: offering Mi’kmaq prayers to the sick and dying, assisting a bereaved family with the funeral arrangements. Captains duties vary depending on the need of their reserve.
Modern Grand Council cont’d
The Grand Council also works with such groups as Micmac Association for Cultural Studies (MACS) and the Union of Nova Scotia Indians to address cultural issues in the community
The Grand Chief often presides as honorary chairperson at meetings and may travel outside of the province as a spiritual or cultural representative for the Mi’kmaq people
Grand Council and the position of Grand Chief are non-political but they are still viewed with great respect in the Mi’kmaq community
Today’s Assignment Comparing Canadian government structure
with traditional Mi’kmaq government structure
Use the Internet to find information about the roles of the municipal, provincial and federal government
Use the information you find to fill in a duplicate chart of the one have you completed on the Mi’kmaq levels of government
MunicipalGovernment
Provincial Government
Federal Government
Powers
Duties
Geographic Constituency
Leadership Characteristics (how chosen)
Today’s Assignment
Useful search term “Canada’s Political Structure”
Helpful websites www.canadaonline.about.com www.canadascapital.gc.ca
You only have one class period to complete this activity
Answer key - Mi’kmaqLocal Council Chief District Council Chief Grand Council Chief
Powers Presides over Council of Elders
Presides over local chiefs Presides over Grand Council and local and district councils
Duties Made decisions for local areas, took care of supplies – dogs, canoes, hunting.Took care of emergencies, acted as teachers and role models, trained hunters
Acted as arbitrator, attend local council meetings, took care of problems among districts, villages
Defend territory, took care of orphaned children, help with providing food and supplies for community.
Geographic Constituency Local area, village or community
There is one for each of the 7 districts each made up of several villages, communities
Responsible for all 7 Mi’kmaq districts
Leadership Characteristics (how chosen)
Male from a prominent family, good character, good hunters
Eldest male from a large powerful family, good hunters
Exceptional character, excellent hunters, hereditary, survive in woods and create a new camp
Answer Key - Canadian Government
Municipal Provincial Federal
Powers Mayor, Presides over city council
Premier, presides over legislative
assembly
Prime Minister, presides over
parliament
Duties Water, sewage, public
transportation, waste removal, animal control,
local police, land use planning
Health, education, transportation
Money, banking, defence,
immigration, foreign affairs, native affairs, criminal code, trade, duties &
tariffs, air & rail transportation, broadcasting
Geographic constituency
Town, city, counties
Province Nation
Leadership characteristics (how
chosen)
elected elected elected