NA

SA

Pro

gram

Pla

nsfo

r S

ub-m

illi

met

er W

ave

Ast

rono

my

Mik

e K

apla

n

Chi

ef, A

dvan

ced

Prog

ram

s B

ranc

h

Ast

roph

ysic

s D

ivis

ion

Off

ice

of S

pace

Sci

ence

and

App

licat

ions

NA

SA H

eadq

uart

ers

Febr

uary

26,

199

1

Pres

enta

tion

to th

e Se

cond

Int

erna

tiona

l Sym

posi

um o

n Sp

ace

Ter

ratie

rtz

Tec

hnol

ogy,

Jet

Pro

puls

ion

Lab

orat

ory,

Pas

aden

a, C

A

NA

SA

Out

line

of P

rese

ntat

ion A

stro

phys

ics

Div

isio

n

NA

SA

's A

stro

phys

ics

Pro

gram

•P

lann

ed M

issi

ons

•T

echn

olog

y R

equi

rem

ents

for

Fut

ure

Mis

sion

s

•C

omm

ents

and

Sum

mar

y

Tef

fahe

rtz

Tec

h. S

ym

p/M

S K

/2-2

3 -9

1

NA

SA

Pro

gra

m G

oal

Ast

roph

ysic

s D

ivis

ion

Con

duct

a c

ompr

ehen

sive

exp

lora

tion

of

the

univ

erse

The

mes

:

- A

stro

nom

y:

-C

osm

olog

y:

- Phy

sics

:

Wha

t is

the

natu

re o

f pl

anet

s, s

tars

and

gala

xies

?

Wha

t is

the

orig

in a

nd f

ate

of th

eun

iver

se?

Wha

t are

the

law

s of

phy

sics

in th

eex

trem

e co

nditi

ons

of a

stro

phys

ical

obje

cts?

Ter

ralt

ertz

Tec

h.

Sy

mp

/ S

K1

2-2

3-9

1

Pro

gram

Str

ateg

y0.

4

Astr

ophy

sics

Div

isio

n

NA

SA

Con

tem

pora

neou

s ob

serv

atio

ns a

cros

s th

e el

ectr

omag

netic

spe

ctru

m w

ithhi

gh s

ensi

tivity

, hig

h an

gula

r re

solu

tion

and

high

spe

ctra

l res

olut

ion

- Im

plem

ente

d th

roug

h th

e G

reat

Obs

erva

tori

es

•Fi

ll in

cru

cial

gap

s in

"w

avel

engt

h" o

r "s

pect

rosc

opy"

spa

ce

- Im

plem

ente

d th

roug

h E

xplo

rers

and

mod

erat

e m

issi

ons

•M

aint

ain

Nat

iona

l sci

ence

and

tech

nolo

gy c

apab

ility

- Im

plem

ente

d th

roug

h gr

ants

, sub

-orb

ital

pro

gram

and

tech

nolo

gyde

velo

pmen

t

•A

naly

ze a

nd p

ublis

h re

sults

- Im

plem

ente

d th

roug

h M

issi

on O

pera

tion

s an

d D

ata

Ana

lysi

s pr

ogra

m

Terr

ahert

z T

ech.

Sym

p/M

SK

/2-2

3-9

1

NA

SA

Scie

nce

Pla

nnin

g P

roce

ss Ast

roph

ysic

s D

ivis

ion

•St

rong

gra

ss r

oots

com

mun

ity in

volv

emen

t in

our

prog

ram

- Fou

r M

anag

emen

t Ope

ratio

ns W

orki

ng G

roup

s( M

OW

Gs)

plu

s "A

stro

phys

ics

Cou

ncil"

•N

atio

nal A

cade

my

of S

cien

ces

- C

omm

ittee

on

"Spa

ce A

stro

nom

y an

dA

stro

phys

ics"

- 10

yea

r st

rate

gy f

rom

"B

ahca

ll re

port

" to

be

rele

ased

Mar

ch 1

9, 1

991

- Pri

oriti

zes

all N

atio

nal a

stro

nom

y pr

ogra

ms

•In

tegr

ate

astr

ophy

sics

initi

ativ

es in

to O

SSA

prog

ram

pla

n

Ter

rahe

rtz

Tec

h. S

ymp/

MSK

/2-2

3-91

NA

SA

Gre

at O

bser

vato

ries

Astr

ophy

sics

Div

isio

n

Hub

ble

Spac

e T

eles

cope

(H

ST)

Gam

ma

Ray

Obs

erva

tory

(G

RO

)

Adv

ance

d X

-ray

Ast

roph

ysic

s Fa

cilit

y (A

XA

F)

• Spa

ce I

nfra

red

Tel

esco

pe F

acil

ity

(SIR

TF

)

NS

A Sub

-mil

lim

eter

Ast

rono

my

Mis

sion

sAs

trop

hysi

cs D

ivis

ion

I

Kui

per

Air

born

e O

bser

vato

ry (

KA

O)

•Su

b-m

illim

eter

Wav

e A

stro

nom

y Sa

telli

te (

SWA

S)

•St

rato

sphe

ric

Obs

erva

tory

for

Inf

rare

d A

stro

nom

y(S

OFI

A)

•Su

b-m

illim

eter

Mod

erat

e M

issi

on (

SMM

M)

•L

arge

Dep

loya

ble

Ref

lect

or (

LD

R)

•Su

b-m

illim

eter

Int

erfe

rom

eter

Ter

rahe

rtz

Tec

h. S

ymp/

MS

K/2

-23-

91

LC)

CD

cr)

Page 8 Second International Symposium. on Space Terahertz Technology

NA

SA

Sub-

mill

imet

er W

ave

Ast

rono

my

Sate

llite

(SW

AS)

Ast

roph

ysic

s D

ivis

ion

•S

cien

ce S

trat

egy:

SW

AS

will

per

form

bot

h po

inte

d an

d su

rvey

obs

erva

tions

in 4

line

s cr

ucia

l to

the

stud

y of

inte

rste

llar

clou

d ch

emis

try,

ene

rgy

bala

nce

and

stru

ctur

e: 4

87, 5

57, 4

92 a

nd 5

51 G

Hz

4°.•

Des

crip

tion:

-3

axis

sta

biliz

ed, s

tella

r-po

intin

g "S

mal

l Exp

lore

r" s

pace

craf

t (Sc

out-

clas

s)

-53

0 km

alti

tude

, 3 d

egre

e in

clin

atio

n an

gle

orbi

t

-55

cm

off

-axi

s C

asse

grai

n an

tenn

a, p

assi

vely

coo

led

hete

rody

ne r

ecei

vers

and

acou

sto-

optic

al s

pect

rom

eter

•L

aunc

h D

ate:

199

5

•Pr

inci

pal I

nves

tigat

or/ P

aylo

ad L

ist:

- PI

-- D

r. G

ary

Mel

nick

, SA

O

-A

nten

na, S

tar

Tra

cker

, Ins

trum

ent I

nteg

ratio

n --

Bal

l Aer

ospa

ce

-Su

b-m

illim

eter

Het

erod

yne

Rec

eive

r --

Mill

itech

-A

cous

to-o

ptic

al S

pect

rom

eter

--

Uni

vers

ity

of C

olog

ne

•N

ASA

Pro

gram

Man

ager

: D

r. D

avid

Gilm

an, N

ASA

HQ

c,

Ter

rahe

rtz

Tec

h. S

yrnp

/MS

IC/2

-23-

91

NA

SA

Str

atos

pher

ic O

bser

vato

ry f

orIn

frar

ed A

stro

nom

y (S

OF

IA)

Astr

ophy

sics

Div

isio

n•

Sci

ence

Str

ateg

y: S

OFI

A w

ill p

rovi

de f

requ

ent,

high

-qua

lity

acce

ss to

the

IR/s

ub-m

in s

pect

ral r

egio

n

•D

escr

iptio

n:

-2.

5 m

Nas

myt

h IR

tele

scop

e ho

used

in a

mod

ifie

d B

oein

g 74

7 SP

air

craf

t

-O

pera

tes

from

0.3

to 1

600

mic

rons

-S

ensi

tivi

ty 1

1119

Wic

m2 /S

R

-Ang

ular

Res

olut

ion:

2 a

rcse

c in

nea

r IR

and

dif

frac

tion

limite

d at

wav

elen

gths

> 3

0 m

icro

ns

-12

0 fl

ight

s/ye

ar w

ith 3

0 -

40 r

esea

rch

team

s/ye

ar

•L

aunc

h D

ate:

199

8

•T

echn

olog

y D

evel

opm

ent R

equi

rem

ents

:

-Lig

htw

eigh

t f/1

pri

mar

y m

irro

r (Z

eiss

)

-Sh

ear

laye

r co

ntro

l

-Lar

ge a

ir b

eari

ng

•N

ASA

Pro

gram

/Pro

ject

Man

ager

: M

ike

Kap

lan,

NA

SA-H

Q /

Dr.

Gar

yT

horl

ey, N

ASA

-AR

C

Ter

rahe

rtz

Tec

h. S

ymp/

MSK

/2-2

3-91

NA

SA

Sub

-mil

lim

eter

Mod

erat

e M

issi

on (

SM

MM

)A

stro

phys

ics

Div

isio

n•

Sci

ence

Str

ateg

y: S

MM

M w

ill b

e a

spec

tral

sur

vey

of s

elec

ted

obje

cts

from

100

- 75

0 m

icro

ns a

nd im

agin

g in

the

100

- 30

0 m

icro

n ra

nge

•D

escr

iptio

n:-

2.5

to 4

m s

egm

ente

d, a

mbi

ent t

empe

ratu

re a

pert

ure

-H

igh

orbi

t, 2

year

life

time

-Liq

uid

He-

cool

ed f

ocal

pla

neFa

bry-

Pero

t spe

ctro

met

er w

ith 0

.1 d

eg K

bol

omet

ers

- IR

cam

era

with

0.3

deg

K b

olom

eter

s--

Ten

-ban

d he

tero

dyne

rad

iom

eter

ope

ratin

g at

2 d

eg K

•M

issi

on O

ptio

ns: E

xplo

rer-

clas

s (2

.5 m

ape

rtur

e, s

pect

rosc

opy

only

), C

NE

San

d/or

ESA

col

labo

ratio

n•

Lau

nch

Dat

e: 2

001?

•T

echn

olo

Dev

elo

men

t Re

s ui

rem

ents

:-

SIS

mix

ers,

het

erod

yne

rece

iver

s w

ith s

ensi

tiviti

es w

ithin

a f

acto

r of

5 o

f th

equ

antu

m li

mit

and

loca

l osc

illat

ors

with

incr

ease

d co

nver

sion

eff

icie

ncy

-Fa

r IR

inte

grat

ing

arra

ys (

impu

rity

ban

d co

nduc

tion

tech

nolo

gy)

-B

olom

eter

s-

Lig

htw

eigh

t pre

cisi

on a

pert

ure

•Sc

ienc

e W

orki

n G

rou

a C

hair

man

: Dr.

Tom

Phi

llips

, Cal

tech

Ter

rahe

rtz

Tec

h. S

yrnp

/MS

IQ2-

23-9

1

NA

SA L

arge

Dep

loya

ble

Ref

lect

or (

LD

R)

Ast

roph

ysic

s D

ivis

ion

•S

cien

ce S

trat

egy:

LD

R w

ill v

iew

sou

rces

in th

e w

avel

engt

h re

gion

bet

wee

n 30

and

3000

mic

rons

•D

escr

iptio

n:-

20 m

- c

lass

dia

met

er a

nten

na f

or im

agin

g sp

ectr

osco

py a

nd p

hoto

met

ryco

mpo

sed

of 9

0 lig

htw

eigh

t, he

xago

nal p

anel

s, 4

mir

ror,

two-

stag

e op

tical

syst

em-

Dif

frac

tion

limit

< 50

mic

rons

-Sp

ectr

al r

esol

ving

lim

it fr

om 1

0 to

105

-A

ngul

ar r

esol

utio

n of

1 a

rcse

c at

100

mic

rons

-Se

nsiti

vity

> 2

x 1

044W

/cm

2/SR

•L

aunc

h D

ate:

200

9??

•T

echn

olog

y D

evel

opm

ent R

equi

rem

ents

:- L

ight

wei

ght m

irro

r se

gmen

ts- A

ctiv

e fi

gure

con

trol

-H

eter

odyn

e re

ceiv

ers

with

SIS

mix

ers

-L

ong

lifet

ime

cryo

geni

cs•

NA

SA P

OC

: Dr.

Lar

ry C

arof

f, N

ASA

-HQ

Ter

rahe

rtz

Tec

h. S

ymp/

MSK

/2-2

3-91

NA

SA

•Su

b-m

ilhm

eter

Int

erfe

rom

eter

(SM

IVII

)A

stro

phys

ics

Div

isio

n

•S

cien

ce S

trat

egy:

SM

MI

wil

l vie

w s

ourc

es in

the

wav

elen

gth

regi

on b

etw

een

30an

d 10

00 m

icro

ns w

ith

100x

bet

ter

reso

luti

on th

an a

ny o

ther

exi

stin

g or

pro

pose

din

stru

men

t. B

ased

at

luna

r ou

tpos

t

•D

escr

ipti

on:

-T

wo-

dim

ensi

onal

arr

ay o

f 5

- m

eter

ant

enna

s di

stri

bute

d on

bas

elin

es f

rom

50

mto

sev

eral

km

-A

ctiv

ely-

cool

ed, s

uper

hete

rody

ne r

ecei

vers

-S

pect

ral r

esol

ving

lim

it f

rom

10

to 1

06 o

ver

the

enti

re s

pect

rum

10

GH

z B

W

-A

ngul

ar r

esol

utio

n of

10

mil

liar

csec

at 1

00 m

icro

ns

•L

aunch

Dat

e: 2

01

3??

•T

echn

olo

Dev

elo

men

t R

e o

uire

men

ts:

-H

igh

thro

ughp

ut c

orre

lato

rs

-L

ight

wei

ght m

ater

ials

that

ope

rate

at 1

00 d

eg K

and

cyc

le to

385

deg

K

-F

iber

-opt

ics

-T

eler

obot

ic o

pera

tion

•N

AS

A P

OC

: M

ike

Kap

lan

NA

SA

-HQ

Ter

rahe

rtz

Tec

h. S

ymp/

MS

K/2

-23

-91

Page 14 Second International Symposium on Space Terahertz Technology

• C(4 E (7 =(1) 6 OSO C. 4 a E u)

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mot %NO • '—CuC.0 ta 1:11 15_. u. u. 2

NA

SA

Tec

hnolo

gy R

equir

emen

ts f

or

Sub

-mil

lim

eter

Ast

rono

my

Mis

sion

sA

stro

phys

ics

Div

isio

n -

•S

ub-m

illi

met

er H

eter

odyn

e R

ecei

vers

: Dev

elop

rob

ust,

spac

e-qu

alif

iabl

ehe

tero

dyne

tech

nolo

gy f

or e

xten

sion

into

the

terr

aher

hz r

egim

e, in

crea

sed

sens

itivi

ty a

nd a

rray

app

licat

ions

-L

ocal

osc

illat

or p

ower

of

50 m

icro

wat

ts to

20

mW

for

200

GH

z to

1 T

Hz

-M

ixer

s w

ith n

oise

per

form

ance

< 1

0 x

quan

tum

lim

it >

600 G

Hz

to 3

TH

z

-L

ow p

ower

, sm

alle

r si

ze, l

arge

r ba

ndw

idth

spe

ctro

met

er c

once

pts

for

spac

e

-Fo

cal p

lane

arr

ays

cove

ring

100

GH

z to

2 T

Hz

•S

ub-m

illi

met

er A

pert

ures

: Dev

elop

larg

e, p

reci

se li

ghtw

eigh

t seg

men

ted

aper

ture

s up

to 3

0 m

in d

iam

eter

with

exc

elle

nt th

erm

al c

hara

cter

istic

s -

NA

SAO

AE

T P

reci

sion

Seg

men

ted

Ref

lect

or (

PSR

) pr

ogra

m

•O

ther

s:

-Sp

ace

cool

er a

nd c

ryog

enic

tech

nolo

gy -

to s

uppo

rt lo

ng d

urat

ion

mis

sion

s

Ter

rahe

rtz

Tec

h. S

ymp/

MSK

/2-2

3-91

NA

SA

Co

mm

en

ts &

Su

mm

ary A

stro

phys

ics

Div

isio

n

Rel

ease

of

Aug

ustin

e re

port

has

cau

sed

new

em

phas

ison

spa

ce s

cien

ce w

ithin

NA

SA

•W

e w

ill s

ee a

rev

olut

ion

in s

pace

ast

rono

my

over

the

next

dec

ade

•N

ASA

has

am

biti

ous

plan

s to

exp

lore

the

univ

erse

insu

b-m

illim

eter

por

tion

of th

e el

ectr

omag

netic

spe

ctru

m

•T

hese

mis

sion

s ar

e en

able

d w

ith

the

deve

lopm

ent o

fne

w s

ub-m

illim

eter

wav

e te

chno

logy

•E

xciti

ng ti

mes

for

sub

-mill

imet

er w

ave

astr

onom

y ar

ear

ound

the

corn

er!!

Ter

rahe

rtz

Tec

h. S

ymp/

MS

K/2

-23-

91