migraine pt ed

8/6/2019 Migraine Pt Ed

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MIGRAINE PATIENT EDUCATION

SLIDES


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WHAT IS MIGRAINE?

Migraine is the most commontype of headache disorder,characterized by recurringheadaches, which vary inintensity

Usually affects only one side ofthe head, is often poundingand may be accompanied bydecreased appetite, nausea,vomiting and intolerance tolight and sound

The headache may last forhours, or sometimes days,with the sufferer having toretire to bed in a darkenedroom


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WHAT ARE THE TYPES MIGRAINE?

MIGRAINEWITH AURAAmigraine headachetypically starts with somevisual disturbances, like

bright dots, flashing of lightor zig-zag lines. Thesesymptoms which occurbefore headache are calledaura

MIGRAINEW

ITH

OUTAURAIn migraine without aura,these visual symptoms arenot seen before headache

AURA


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WHAT IS THE CAUSE OF MIGRAINE?

The exact cause of Migraine is unknown

High levels of the chemical serotonin, in the brain, are believedto cause the blood vessels to narrow. This decrease in blood

flow may be responsible for causing visual disturbances (aura).

When the levels of serotonin fall again, the blood vessels widen(dilate) causing the pain (or headache).

HEADACHE


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TRIGGERS OF MIGRAINE

Each person is different but there are some triggers commonly involved.

Food

Coffee

Cheese, chocolate

Alcohol

Disturbed sleep pattern

Lack of sleep

Excess of sleep

Hormonal changes

MenstruationChange in hormonal supplement dosage

Certain medications

Physical exertion


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TRIGGERS OF MIGRAINE (contd.)

Exposure to bright light

Loud sound

Strong smell

Sudden weather changes

Hunger

Psychological factors

Stress

Anger

fear


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WHAT ARE THE COMMON SYMPTOMS OFMIGRAINE?

Head pain (pounding, pulsating, throbbing)

Nausea/vomiting

Loss of appetiteLight or sound sensitivity

Scalp tenderness

Dizziness and lightheadedness

Double vision

Blind spots

Irritability


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HOW

IS MIGRAINE DIAGNOSED?

Migraine has a specific pattern to theheadache and diagnosis is normally

based on a history of the symptoms

Sometimes, diagnostic tests may berequired to rule out other medical

conditions


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HOW IS MIGRAINE TREATED?

Avoiding the known triggers of an attack is animportant aspect of treatment.

Pharmacological treatment can be broadlydivide into two classes:

Drugs used to relieve an existing attack e.g. triptansOR

Drugs used to prevent an attack form occurring e.g. beta-blockers

As some people experience vomiting during an

attack, medications to stop vomiting may alsobe used


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MAINTAIN A HEADACHE DIARY

Controlling migraine is all about looking forpatterns of attacks, so one should keep arecord of his attacks in a diary, include thefollowing things in it:

Date of attack

What time the attack began

Record the potential triggers

Symptoms including aura, if present

What medication you took and what was the dose

What time the attack endedWhat were the warning signs

migraine pt ed

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