middle colonies new york, new jersey, pennsylvania, delaware
DESCRIPTION
BEGINNING OF DUTCH IN NEW WORLD Henry Hudson Sailed for Dutch East India Company Looking for passage to China (as much explorers were…) 1609 – Discovered Delaware Bay Helped establish trade between Dutch and Iroquois NationsTRANSCRIPT
MIDDLE COLONIES
New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware
NEW NETHERLAND
Dutch had colonial holdings
Older than New England
Started in opposition to Catholic Spain
BEGINN ING O F DUTCH IN NEW WO RL D
Henry Hudson• Sailed for Dutch East India
Company• Looking for passage to China (as
much explorers were…)• 1609 – Discovered Delaware Bay• Helped establish trade between
Dutch and Iroquois Nations
DUTCH HOLDINGS
Manhattan Island
Up to Fort Orange (today Albany)
Established fur-trading posts – had friendly relations with the Native Americans
1620s – Dutch West India Company began to establish permanent settlements
DUTCH WEST INDIA COMPANY
1626 – Governor Peter Minuit purchased Manhattan from NA
New Amsterdam became capital of New Netherland
Absolute control of government• Governors depended on small army
defense• Totally indifference in 1664 when
Governor Peter Stuyvesant called them to arms against British
BRITISH IN NEW NETHERLAND
Dutch surrendered to English without firing a shot
Plan was put into action by the duke of York, the king’s brother, later King James II
Charles II granted land to his brother
English transformation• New Amsterdam now New York• Fort Orange now Albany• Brief Dutch reoccupation in 1673-1674 – no
major impact
DUTCH PERMANENT IMPRINT
Wall Street (named for original wall to protect from NA)
Broadway (Breede Wegh)
NEW JERSEY!!!
Duke of York granted land between Hudson and Delaware Rivers to Sir Carteret and Lord John Berkeley
Named for native island of Jersey
East and West Jersey• East: Puritans founded Newark, Scots –
Perth Amboy• West: Swedes, Finns, Dutch, Eng Quakers• Unified as royal colony in 1702
QUAKERS IN PENNSYLVANIA
Quakers• Founded in 1647• No formal sacraments, thee and thou,
declined taking oaths, embraced simple living
• Experienced persecution in England• Freedom to everyone and equality of the
sexes• Settled in NJ first and migrated
PENNSYLVANIAQuaker commonwealth
William Penn founded
1681 – King Charles II gave Penn proprietary rights; named it Pennsylvania (literally means Penn’s Woods)
“Holy experiment” – guaranteed every adult male 50 acres of land.
Representative government and freedom of religion
PA CONTINUED
Recruited settlers like Mennonites and Baptists
Good relations with Native Americans
Penn purchased land from NA
Assembly elected by freemen (who do you think freemen were?)
Governor had no veto
Penn had veto
No established church and freedom of religion
DELAWARE
1682 – Duke of York granted Penn area of Delaware
Formed Dutch territory
At first part of PA
1704 – right to choose assembly
Until American Revolution – DE had separate assembly by shared PA’s governor