midas gtsadmin.midasuser.com/uploadfiles2/webinar/20120619_gts_advanced... · midas information...
TRANSCRIPT
MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. [1]
midas GTS Seepage Analysis
Presenter: Abid Ali, Geotechnical Engineer
June 19, 2012
MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. [2]
INDEX
1.Introduction
2. Types of Analysis
3. Functions in Seepage Analysis
4. Boundary Conditions
5. Application Areas
6. Results
MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. [3]
Introduction
• Groundwater flow occurs due to head difference or change in flux
(inflow/outflow).
• Seepage analysis is used to model groundwater flow.
• Two types of seepage analysis possible in GTS
Steady state – Time independent solution.
Transient state – Time dependent solution. (used to model effect of
changing BC).
• Flow governed by Darcy’s Law (both for saturated and unsaturated flow).
• Only pore pressure DOF considered in seepage analysis.
• Both 2D & 3D seepage analysis can be performed in midas GTS.
MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. [4]
Types of Analysis • Steady State Analysis – Used to model groundwater flow under equilibrium
conditions. (BC do not change with time).
• Transient State Analysis – Used to observe the immediate changes in flow due
to a change in hydraulic BC.
Function needed to define the change in permeability /water content with
pore pressure head in transient analysis.
Function can be defined to relate the variation in Degree of Saturation /
Water content with head and permeability.
User must specify the time steps for analysis.
• Semi-coupled analysis – Seepage Analysis coupled with stress analysis.
Seepage Analysis is performed first and stress analysis subsequently.
Used for determining stability of ground structures (e.g. Dams, sheet pile)
Results obtained include both stresses in soil and pore pressure.
MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. [5]
Functions in Seepage Analysis
• In GTS the variation of permeability and water content can be considered
through the Unsaturated Property Function.
Gardener coefficients and Frontal function - variation of permeability with
pressure head.
Van Genuchten’s function - variation of water content with pore pressure.
• Anisotropic permeability can be considered by defining permeability
coefficients along co-ordinate axes
• Time varying functions
(see right) can be
defined to model the changes
in BC (head/flux) with time.
MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. [6]
Functions in Seepage Analysis
Fig. on the
right shows
variation of
permeability
with pressure
head and
variation of
water
content with
pore pressure
MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. [7]
Functions in Seepage Analysis
Define the
nonlinear
equations of
permeability
and
volumetric
water
content
separately or
at the same
time.
MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. [8]
Boundary Conditions
• Boundary conditions describing pore pressure or flow conditions at a
boundary in seepage analysis termed Hydraulic Boundary Conditions.
• Hydraulic Boundary conditions in GTS
Nodal head – Used to define total or pressure head at nodes.
Seepage face – Used to review the seepage conditions at face/edge.
Flux (Nodal/Surface) – Used to model flow rate at nodes/surfaces.
Ground Water Table – The position of GWT can be explicitly defined
for the whole model or for individual mesh sets.
No flow – when no flow conditions assigned at a boundary.
• Time varying function can be used to consider head/flow variation with
time.
MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. [9]
Application Areas
GTS can be used to model the following types of problems
• Confined Flow - The flow does not involve phreatic surface e.g. around
sheet pile wall.
Contour lines of groundwater head for confined flow
MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. [10]
Application Areas
• Unconfined Flow – The flow involves phreatic surface e.g. in Dams
Unconfined flow in Dam (vector and contour plot for velocity).
• Infiltration – Can be modeled by specifying the flow rate at nodes or element
edges.
Phreatic Line
Infiltration at top of slope (left), with contour and vector plots for velocity.
Phreatic line
MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. [11]
Application Areas
• Sources and Sinks – Can be modeled by using nodal flux BC. e.g. Pumping /
Injection.
• Reservoir full /Sudden drawdown in dams.
Drain
Initial water level
Final phreatic line Initial phreatic line
Changes in water table at different time steps for sudden drawdown.
MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. [12]
Results
• Results obtained include – Flow rate, total & pore pressure head, pore pressu
re, velocity, hydraulic gradients, hydraulic conductivity and water content.
• Sign convention in seepage analysis is + for compressive pore water
pressure and vice-versa in stress analysis.
• Total head contours give the position of equipotential lines.
• Flow lines can be generated for any node at any stage.
Fig. shows the equi-potential lines (represented by the contour bands for total head) with flow lines (white).
MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. [13]
Results
• Floq quantity for any nod
e and for any step can a
lso be determined.
• Phreatic line for different
stages can also be
generated using the multi-
step iso-surface function.
• Results can also be
exported in tabular form.
Fig. shows the contour plot for flow rate with flow quantity through highlighted nodes
Total head results in tabular form
MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. [14]
Problem
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
Soil 1
Soil 2
Soil 3
Soil 4
Total Head 22m Varying Heads