microsoft powerpoint - fib colloquium 13.04 febelcem holcim uhpc
TRANSCRIPT
UHPC for innovative architectural and structural
solutions
LafargeHolcim member of Febelcem
What is UHPC – Terminology ?
• HPC High Performance Concrete
• UHPC Ultra High Performance Concrete
• UHPFRC Ultra High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete
• BUHP Bétons à Ultra-Haute Performance
• BFUP Bétons Fibrés à Ultra haute Performance
• UHFB Ultra HochFester Beton
• UHSB Ultra Hoge Sterkte Beton
• RPC Reactive Powder Concrete
• Classification mostly based on compressive strength …
0 20 40 8060 100 120 140 160 180 200 MPa
'Normal' concrete
High Performance
concrete
Ultra High Performance concrete
RPC
What is UHPC – Mix Design Principles ?
• Particle size optimization of all components: cement, SCM (silica fume) and fine sand (although some may use coarse aggregates D8)
• Extremely low W/C-ratio (< 0,26) using highly powerful admixtures
• Self-compacting/levelling characteristics (perfect filling of moulds)
• Enhanced ductility (post-cracking) through steel/synthetic fibers
What is UHPC – Mix Design Principles ?
self-compacting properties
50 mio fibers / m3
extremely dense microstructure
careful mixing process
What is UHPC – Mechanical properties ?
Normal HPC UHPC*
Compressive strength (MPa) 30-60 60-120 150-180
Direct tensile strength (MPa) 2,5 – 4,0 4,0 – 6,0 7,0 – 9,0
Eq. Flexural strength (MPa) / / 15 – 30
E-modulus (N/mm²) 30.000 – 38.000 35.000 – 40.000 45.000 – 55.000
Shrinkage (mm/m dry env.) 0,5 – 0,7 0,5 – 0,7 0,5 – 0,7 **
Creep coefficient 3 – 5 2 – 3 ≈ 1 **
Thermal dilatation (m/mºC) 8 – 12.10-6 10 – 12.10-6 10 – 12.10-6
Abrasion resistance
* Ductal® MF (metallic fibres) – no thermal treatment** much smaller with thermal treatment
What is UHPC – Mechanical properties ?
• Ductility … blast & impact resistance … fatigue …
• Important volumes of fibers: steel & PVA (PP for fire resistance)
Normal HPC UHPC*
Capillary pores1 [%] ± 8 ± 5 1,5 à 2,0
Water absorption2 [kg/m²] ± 60 ± 11 1
Nitrogen permeability3 [m²] 10-16 10-17 < 10-18
Oxygen permeability4 [m²] 10-15 - 10-16 10-17 < 10-19
Freeze-thaw resist.5 [g/m²] >1000 < 900 < 60
Chloride ion diffusion6 [mm] 23 8 1
Carbonation resist.7 [mm] 7 4 1,5
What is UHPC – Durability properties ?
* Ductal® MF (metallic fibres) – no thermal treatment
1 Volume of capillary pores to total volume2 Water surface absorption (24h) according to DIN 52617 3 According to FR standard4 According to FR standard5 Surface scaling in salt presence according to AFNOR P18-240 (60 cycles)6 Depth of intrusion after (6h) quick migration test – Tang and Nielsson 19927 Depth of carbonation (3y) non accelerated test 20ºC/65%RH)
What is UHPC – Aesthetic qualities ?
• very fine cementitious matrix allowing to replicate all mould asperities and textures
• Colour palette from white to black & all other colours (in mass)
• Application of surface protection recommended
What is UHPC – conclusion ?
• "A mineral product between concrete and steel"
Overview of (existing) applications
Mechanical Performance
DurabilityPerformance
Surface/Aesthetic quality
footbridges
bridge jointsbridge decks
columns & beams
mantillas
cladding
roofs & canopies
balconies
furniture
roofs & canopies
blast & impact resistance
dam protection
Zoom on a project … "cladding / surface quality"
RA
TP
de
TH
IAIS
, 2
00
7
Zoom on a project … "cladding / surface quality"
Bus Station, Thiais, Paris
• Owner: RATP, FR
• Architect: ECDM (Emmanuel Combarel Dominique Marrec), FR
• Precast producer: Betsinor, FR
• UHPC:
Zoom on a project … "structural / durability"
ST
AD
E J
EA
N B
OU
IN,
20
12
-201
3
Zoom on a project … "structural / durability"
Stade Jean Bouin, Paris
• Owner: Ville de Paris, FR
• Architect: Rudy Riciotti, FR
• Precast producer: Bonna sabla, FR
• 10.000 m² roof elements
• 11.000 m² façade elements
Zoom on a project … "structural / durability"
VIA
DU
C D
E C
HIL
LO
N, 2
01
4
Zoom on a project … "structural / durability"
Viaduc de Chillon, Zwitserland
• Owner: OFROU – Office Fédéral des Routes, CH
• Architect: /
• Contractor: Walo Bertschinger AG, CH
• UHPC: 1200 m3 / 24.200 m²
How to design UHPC ?
• France
– AFGC/Sétra Recommendations 2002
– AFGC Révision 2013
– NF under development
• US
– FHWA field-cast bridge deck connections
• Japan, Australia recommendations
• Publications under development
– DAfStB Richtlinie
– fib Bulletin (TC 4.2)
– CEN
– RILEM TC HFC High Performance Fibre
Reinforced Cementitious Composites
Conclusion:
• UHPC offers potential for many (new) applications given the extraordinary:
– Structural behaviour
– Low porosity
– Surface characteristics
• Continued research needed (ongoing) with regard to:
– Structural modelling
– Robustness of formulations
– Application methods e.g. spraying