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1616 February, 2009February, 2009

MHI MHI AMINE EMISSION CONTROL AMINE EMISSION CONTROL TECHNOLOGYTECHNOLOGY

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Content

1.1. MHI MHI –– Commercial CO2 Capture Plant ExperienceCommercial CO2 Capture Plant Experience2.2. Map of MHI Commercial CO2 Capture Plant SitesMap of MHI Commercial CO2 Capture Plant Sites3.3. MHI MHI –– R&D Strength & ExperienceR&D Strength & Experience4.4. Progress of MHI Amine Emission Reduction TechnologyProgress of MHI Amine Emission Reduction Technology5.5. Laboratory Test in 1994Laboratory Test in 19946.6. Laboratory Test in 2003Laboratory Test in 20037.7. Pilot Test in 2009Pilot Test in 20098.8. Amine Emission DataAmine Emission Data9.9. ConclusionConclusion10.10. What is next path?What is next path?

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1.1.MHI MHI -- Commercial CO2 CaptureCommercial CO2 CapturePlant ExperiencePlant Experience

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1999

200 t/d Malaysia

2005

330 t/d Japan

2006

450 t/d India

2006

450 t/d India

1 commercial plant completes commissioning and ready for commercial operation;

UAE 400 tpd3 additional commercial plants under construction;

Pakistan 340 tpd under construction (2010)

Vietnam 240 tpd under construction (2010) Several other contracts under negotiation

MHI’s Post Combustion CO2 Capture Technology

World leader post combustion CO2 capture technology licensor, with 6 commercial PCC plants in operation (from a variety of natural gas sources)

2009

450 t/d India

2009

450 t/d Bahrain

CO2

Recovery (CDR) Plant –IFFCO Phulpur

Unit (India)CO2

Recovery (CDR) Plant –IFFCO AonlaUnit

(India)

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2. Map of MHI commercial CO22. Map of MHI commercial CO2 CCapture plant sitesapture plant sites

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1999 Malaysia200 Mt/d

2005 Japan330 Mt/d

2006 India (Aonla)450 Mt/d

2006 India (Phulpur)450 Mt/d

11

22

33 44

2010 Bahrain450 Mt/d

2009 Abu Dhabi400 Mt/d

2009 India450 Mt/d

55

2011 Vietnam240 Mt/d

99

2010 Pakistan340 Mt/d

88

Plants under operation

Plants under construction

KEY 66

77

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3. 3. MHI MHI -- R&D Strength & ExperienceR&D Strength & Experience

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Deployment of RD&D Facilities for specific PCC testing~20 years of RD&D Experience

a) 2.0 tpd Nanko Osaka pilot plant from 1991b) 1.0 tpd Hiroshima pilot plant (MHI’s R&D Centre)c) 0.2 tpd mobile test unit d) Absorber 1 by 1 scale test plant in Mihara (400 MW equivalent)e) 10 tpd Matsushima pilot for testing coal fired flue gas

MHI’s proprietary KS-1 TM solvent and KM-CDR TM process

Energy saving, lower degradation & many other features

MHI is continually working to improve solvent performance and overall process efficiency using our R&D facilities

a b c d e

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4.4. Progress of MHI Amine emissionMHI Amine emissionReduction TechnologyReduction Technology

• Start laboratory Test from 1994

Optimized Combination of Demister & PackingOptimized Parameter: L/G, Packing Height,

M/U water, Temp. etc.

• Commercialize and develop for 9 plants from 1999 to 2008

Incorporate data and lesson learned from delivered Plant or Nanko pilot plant from 1999 to 2008

• Further Development by MHI R&D pilot plant in 2009

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5. Laboratory Test in 19945. Laboratory Test in 1994

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Laboratory Test FacilityLaboratory Test Facility

Gas Outlet

WashWater

WashingSection

WashWater Out

CO2

FlowMeter

FlowMeter

Amine Solvent

Random Packing

Amine Inlet

Orifice

Blower

Packing: Height ?Type?

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Washing column design such as packing type, height, combination of demister or chimney with optimized L/G ratio was determined by laboratory test facility in 1994

Result of laboratory test incorporated first commercial plant in Malaysia

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6. Laboratory Test in 2003 & 6. Laboratory Test in 2003 & Lesson learned from Lesson learned from Commercial plant Commercial plant

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NankoNanko Pilot PlantPilot Plant

Location : Nanko Power Plant, Osaka, JapanCapacity : 2 T/DStart Up : 1991

Operating Condition The 2000hr continuous test of Gas Turbineflue gas composition was carried out at 2007.

Plant Outline

Flue Gas Flow Rate 780 Nm3/hr

Flue Gas Composition

CO2 4 - 5 vol.% dry O2 13 - 14 mol.% dry

Absorber Operating Temperature

29 – 43 degC

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Date: July 27 – August 5, 2009

Japan Commercial plant

Measurement

Measured Component

Amine

De-gradated Amine

NH3

Formaldehyde

Acetaldehyde

Carbonic Acids

Nitrosamines

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Improved proprietary washing system was developed in 2003

Result was applied from 2nd

commercial plant in Japan

Minor improvement by lesson learned was made from 5th commercial plant in India

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7. Pilot Test in 20097. Pilot Test in 2009

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MHI Zero Amine Emission SystemMHI Zero Amine Emission System

MHI Proprietary Zero Amine Emission System

COMPLETE DEVELOPMENTCURRENT

TreatedFlue Gas

TreatedFlue Gas

Amine Emission

Waste WaterTo WWT

SpecialReagent

Amine Emission N/D (<0.1 ppm)

MHI Current Proprietary System

MHI Current Proprietary System

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Solvent : KS-1TM

Capacity : 1 T/DFeed Gas : Boiler Start-up : 2002Location : MHI R&D Centor

Plant Outline

MHI R&D Center Pilot Plant

Develope New high efficient and very lowpressure loss Packing.Verify effect by impurities such as NOx, SOx, heavy metal or pariticles. Develop MHI Zero Amine Emission System

Process Description

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Date: September, 2009

Parameter: L/G, Packing Height,M/U water, Temp.

Result:

Amine; N/D

Degradated Amine; <0.2ppm as vapor

Test Result

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MHI Zero Amine Emission System was developed in Hiroshima R&D pilot plant in 2009

Result is being applied in 500 t/d demonstration plant in USA

This advanced technology will be commercialized soon

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Southern Company in USA (Under construction)Southern Company in USA (Under construction)

●

Plant Outline

Model of 500 t/d CO2 capture demonstration plant

Solvent KS-1TM

Capacity 500 T/DFeed Gas Coal Fired BoilerStart-up 2011 (expected) Location Plant Barry Power Station

Alabama

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8. Amine Emission Data8. Amine Emission Data

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Old Process Present Process(After Japan plant in 2005)

Con

cent

ratio

n of

Sol

vent

in A

bsor

ber o

utle

t gas

, ppm

(Malaysia plant in 1999)

100%

<15%<0.5%

Comparison of Amine Emission DataComparison of Amine Emission Data

MHI Zero Amine Emission System

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MHI started laboratory test in 1994

Improved proprietary washing system was developed in 2003

Minor improvement by lesson learned continues from 5th commercial plant in India

MHI Zero Amine Emission System was developed in 2009

9. Conclusion9. Conclusion

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10. 10. What What isis nextnext path?path?

Commercialize MHI Zero Amine Emission System

Evaluate environment effect; Photogenic reaction in the air of released amine

Undertake experiment of Photogenic reaction and worst case study especially the effect of nitrosaamines into aquatic environment