mexican-amer war usa gained control of california mexican- american war ended usa had control over...
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Mexican-Amer warUSA gained control of USA gained control of
CaliforniaCalifornia• Mexican-American
War ended
• USA had control over Mexican territories in the West—including California
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John SutterJohn Sutter
• Swiss immigrant
• Started a colony—Sutter’s Fort
• Encouraged many American settlers to move West to his colony
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Donner PartyDonner PartyDonner Party• Group of western travelers who went to California but were stranded in the Sierra Nevada Mountains during the winter
• 42 of 87 died
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Gold in CAGold in CaliforniaGold in California•1848, Sutter’s carpenter, James Marshall, found a piece of gold by a river near Sutter’s
mill.
• Sutter’s other workers found out and quit to search for gold.
Learn more about the discovery of gold: http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/cbhtml/cbgold.html
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Forty-niners• Stories spread and, in 1849, about 80,000 gold-seekers came to California looking for gold
Forty-niners in CaliforniaForty-niners in California
• These gold-seeking migrants to California were called forty-niners.
• Most forty-niners arrived in San Francisco
Learn more about the forty-niners: http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/cbhtml/cbforty.html
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Gold Fever‘‘Gold Fever’Gold Fever’• Many forty-niners did not have mining experience
• They would prospect, or search for gold, along the banks of streams or in shallow surface mines
• The first person to arrive at a sight would
“stake a claim.”
Learn more about the mines: http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/cbhtml/cbmines.html
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MiningMiningMining
• When one ‘gold digger’ abandoned a claim, other people would take over, hoping for success.
• Place miners used pans or other devices to wash gold nuggets out of loose rock and gravel.
• $60 million in gold production in 1853
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Life in the Mining CampsLife in the Mining Camps• Most miners were young, unmarried men• Lots of people, supplies limited, prices
rose = inflation
• Value of land increased • Loaf of bread might cost $.05 in the east and $.75 in California
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Immigrants to CaliforniaImmigrants Immigrants to Californiato California
• Gold attracted immigrants to California from around the world
• 24,000 Chinese immigrants—they faced much discrimination, yet continued to work in gold mines
• Many immigrants stayed—California is the most populous state today
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Impact on CaliforniaImpact on California
• - Many people discriminated against those who looked different (mainly Californios and California Native Americans), and felt they had no right to have the gold
San Francisco Population, 1847-1850
0
10
20
30
1847 1848 1849 1850
Year
Popu
latio
n (in
th
ousa
nds)
•+ Because of the population boom- USA made California the 31st state in 1850
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Economic GrowthEconomic Growth• + New businesses and
industries stimulated the economy
• + People found other ways to make a living besides mining--farming and ranching
• - Obstacle to growth: California isolated from rest of country
• Import/export difficult
• + Railroad extended to CA in 1869 to aid import/export
Learn more about the economic growth: http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/cbhtml/cbrush.html