www.ecn.nl

Meten van wind met meetmasten, Sodar

en Lidar t.b.v. windparkoptimalisatie en

wind resource assessments

Peter Eecen

Programme Development Manager Wind Energy

KNMI Wind-op-zeedag, De Bilt 2014-11-28

ECN: A rich and evolving history

~600 employees

~500 reports in 2012 ~270 conferences

in 2012

~20 patents a year

~5 licenses a year

Mapping the wind

An essential first step

• Reliable data – Accurate measurements

– Seasonal variations

– Long-term average

• North sea wind map – Utilised by investors, wind

farm developer and utility companies

– Feasibility studies

4 Offshore locations

ECN offshore wind atlas

• Based on Hirlam + available measurements

• Delivered 2003

• Indication of offshore wind speeds (yearly average) at 90m height.

Accurate yield calculations

require accurate wake modelling

• ECN has developed a dedicated tool to calculate the effects of wakes in offshore wind farms

• High accuracy ECN tool FarmFlow is used to optimize AWC

Add benchmark

Wind measurements

Knowing the wind

Mast wind speed and direction*

Nacelle wind speed and direction* Nacelle position

Indicative wake position

*Measurement data from ECN Test-site

Wieringermeer – The Netherlands

How can remote sensing best be used

in wind power development

LAWINE: Lidar Application for

WINd farm Efficiency

Technology and services are developed to use LIDAR systems in offshore wind power plants to significantly reduce the cost of energy Partners: ECN, XEMC Darwind, Avent Lidar, Delft University of Technology Collaboration: Windscanner partners

Testing of remote sensors

• SoDARs o Triton (Second Wind)

o AQ500 (AQSystems)

• Ground based LiDARs o SpiDAR (Pentalum)

o Zephir

o WindCube V1, V2 (Leosphere)

o Mitsubishi

• Nacelle LiDAR o Wind Iris (Avent)

o 5-beam demonstrator (Avent)

o Zephir

• Scanning LiDAR o WindCube 100S (Leosphere)

• Floating LiDARs o Seawatch (Fugro)

Complete overview

Results: Ground based LiDAR

• Ground based LiDAR Excellent agreement between mast and gb LiDAR

Bin averages: a = 1.0054, R2 = 0.99985

Scatter: a = 1.0148, R2 = 0.99377

Remote sensing calibration

CDV IEC 61400-12-1

NORSEWiND criterium

• Scanning LiDAR First wakes captured by scanning LiDAR

Wakes of research turbines

Valerie Kumer UBergen

Results: ground based LiDAR TI

Turbulence intensity comparison

• Cup vs LiDAR @80m Cup TI lower

At higher wind speeds comparison better

• Sonic vs LiDARs @108m LiDARs agree

Sonic TI bit lower

• Reasons Upspeeding cup?

Volume averaging LiDAR?

Results: Rotor equivalent ws (REWS)

• Wind speed Hub height: 80m

REWS: 52m, 60m, 80m, 100m & 108m

• Power curve REWS ~0.05m/s lower

REWS Power curve little bit higher

• AEP@8m/s HH: 7222 MWh

REW: 7283 MWh

Difference: 0.8%

00

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

00 05 10 15 20 25P

ow

er

[kW

]

Wind speed [m/s]

Power curve

HH

REWS

Results: 2 beam Nacelle LiDAR

• Power performance Very well wind speed comparison with mast

(2.5D, undisturbed sector)

Very well power curve + uncertainties comparison

• Yaw misalignment -3.6º (± 0.5º) offset determined in 7 days

with accuracy of 95%

• TI Wake identification

Good comparison with mast

Results: 5 beam nacelle LiDAR

• Availability 99.67%

• Wind speed comparison 2 beam configuration (LOS2 & LOS4)

LiDAR@185m vs MM@383m

a = 0.9998, R2 = 0.9961

• Wind shear 2 beam configuration (LOS0 & LOS3)

LiDAR@185m vs MM@383m

www.ecn.nl

Meteorological Measurements @ North Sea

Meteorological mast IJmuiden

Meteorological mast IJmuiden (FLOW, RWE) • Offshore, 75 km from IJmuiden • Largest distance from coast in Europe • 100 height, 26m deep • Measurements from 30m on at 4 heights • Zephir LiDAR inside mast

First results • Excellent agreement between

mast and LiDAR • Mast influence visible with

LiDAR?

Lichteiland Goeree Measurement Station

Planned Europlatform Measurement Station

Additional Borssele Measurements

Dank voor uw aandacht

Peter Eecen

Programme Development Manager Wind Energy

ECN

Westerduinweg 3 P.O. Box 1

1755 LE Petten 1755 ZG Petten

The Netherlands The Netherlands

T +31 88 515 82 79 eecen@ecn.nl

M +31 6 205 43133 www.ecn.nl