merichem process technologies brochure (english)

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  • 8/11/2019 Merichem Process Technologies Brochure (English)

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    Sweet Solutions.

    www.merichem.com

    MERICHEM P ROC ESS TEC HNOLOGIESProducts and Services Offering

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    Industrial Group Generation

    Exclusive Russia / CIS Sales Representative

    Industrial Group Generation is Merichems exclusive sales representative for

    Russia and C IS countries. IG Generation is a leading manufacturer and

    supplier of a wide range of oil and gas, petrochemical, drilling, and heat and

    power engineering equipment in Russia and abroad. IG Generation offers

    highly effective solutions and innovative technologies covering the spheres of

    industrial drilling, oil production, oil and gas treatment, oil and gas

    transportation, and heat and energy supply to the production

    fields/enterprises. IG Generation consists of the following enterprises leading manufacturer of reliable, high-quality products for the oil and gas and

    hea t-and-power engineering industries, scientific-resea rch institutes,

    engineering centers and a service drilling c ompany.

    RESTRICTIVE NOTICE The technica l information, da ta and ideas contained in the material to follow are the property of Merichem

    Compa ny and shall not be disclosed, duplica ted, or used in whole or in pa rt for any purposes other than to

    evaluate the app licab ility of the information for the c lients own considerations.

    Industrial Group GenerationMr. Alexey Desyatkin Tel: +7-343-699-71-09Fax: +7-343-699-71-91

    E-mail: [email protected]

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    INTRODUCTION 4-8

    FIBER FILM C ONTAC TOR TECHNOLOGIES 9-15

    M ERIC HEM TEC HNO LO G IES

    TECHNOLOGY APPLIC ATIONS 16-17

    AMINEX and AMINEX COS 18

    AQUAFINING 19

    NAPFINING and NAPFINING HiTAN 20

    THIOLEX 21

    THIOLEX COS 22

    MERICAT and MERICAT C 23

    ECOMERICAT 24

    MERIC AT II 25

    MERIC ON 26

    REGEN 27

    FIBER FILM PROC ESSES 28-30

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    Merichem Company (Merichem) is a global partner serving the oil and gas

    industries with focused technology, chemical, and service solutions. Merichem

    provides the O il and Gas industry with critical proprietary impurity removal

    proc esses to increase the quality of Refinery Products and G as streams.

    Merichem beneficially re-uses spent ca ustics and other byproducts produced

    by oil refining and petroc hemica l plants around the globe. We are also one

    of the leading suppliers of naphthenic acid and its derivatives in the world.

    A Tradition of Excellence

    Merichem Process Technologies

    has been providing key proprietary

    refinery product improvement

    technologies, many based on the

    FIBER FILM technology for over 35

    years. Merichem Gas Technologies

    provides proprietary solutions for

    the removal of H2S and other

    impurities from a wide range of gas

    applications. Merichem Caustic Services is the group that provides the

    beneficial reuse option for Refinery Caustics including the production of

    naphthenic acids. Merichem Company has been involved with refinery

    caustics for over 65 yea rs.

    Merichem Company

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    Finding the right treating solution to remove impurities from hydrocarbon

    strea ms is a challenging task for any refiner but thanks to Merichems extensive

    experience and commitment to innovation, treating gaseous and liquid

    hydrocarbons can be efficient, economical, and clean. Merichem combines

    superior engineering know-how and outstanding technical service to provide

    solutions that help refiners worldwide produce high quality products more

    efficiently. With more than 35 years licensing experience, Merichem is the

    industry leader due to its unpa ralleled foc us, timeliness, performance flexibility,and ability to provide an economical single-source solution. To date,

    Merichem has granted over 900 licenses across the globe to operate various

    technology offerings.

    Introduced in 1974, the FIBER FILM C ontactor is Merichems proprietary

    foundation for a variety of caustic, amine, and acid treating processes.

    Merichem Processes using FIBER FILM C ontac tors have been licensed

    worldwide and successfully applied to treating problems throughout thehydrocarbon processing industries.

    Commitment to Innovation

    One of the most common applications

    of FIBER FILM Contac tor tec hnology is

    in caustic treatment, an essential part

    of hydrocarbon processing for impurity

    removal. Merichems FIBER FILM

    Contactor technology achieves

    non-dispersive phase contact without

    the problems inherent in conventional

    dispersive mixing devices.

    Merichem Process Technologies

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    Customer Value Proposition

    The Merichem Difference

    Merichem is the worldwide leading licensor of technologies and supplier of

    engineering and modularized equipment solutions for caustic treating light

    and middle distillate hydrocarbons to remove H2S, CO2, C OS, RSH and/or

    naphthenic acids.

    These technologies a nd proc esses are proprietary and are licensed to our

    end-users. Engineering and equipment are provided to meet the customer's

    project implementation needs. This is done in a professional project

    environment that meets the end-users spec ifications.

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    Merichem Process Technologies

    A single source trea ting solution which combines the process license

    with process and mechanical guarantees on all designs and

    equipment.

    Solutions for spent caustic management services (Merichem CausticServices).

    Fully dedicated Sales, Tec hnica l Services, and R&D support staff

    whose expertise is focused on c austic and amine trea ting andspent caustic management. This yields more personalized service

    since Merichems expertise is not diverted into a host of other

    technologies as offered by other licensors.

    The Merichem Difference

    Single Source

    Focused Commitment

    The J ohn T. Files Tec hnical C enter, Merichem'sHouston research center, supports the developmentof new applications of FIBER FILM Contactortechnology and other technologies for the refiningand petroc hemica l industries. O ur research staffwelcomes the challenge of creating an innovativeapp lication that meets your needs. FIBER FILMC ontac tor technology is backed by the engineeringknow-how of our technical services department.Merichem engineers and technicians take pride intheir record of long -term customer satisfac tion.

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    Customer Value Proposition

    Responsive to clients timing needs during the project conceptual

    development.

    Responsive to clients needs whether it is for fast projec t delivery

    schedules or short notice technical services visits.

    The ability and willingness to fabricate and supply equipment from

    many countries around the world.

    Modularization expertise that is based on being in the fabrication

    business since 1981 (including shop ownership since 1991).

    Minimal investments by using existing equipment and retrofitting with

    the FIBER FILM C ontactor to update and expa nd existing trea ting

    systems.

    Willingness and experience to design and fabricate to customer's

    specific design and construction standards.

    The Merichem Difference

    Timely Response

    Flexibility of Platform

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    Merichem Process Technologies

    Each trea ting system is custom-designed to meet c ustomer requirements,

    then engineered and fabricated to the c ustomer's specifications. Whether

    your need is for a completely new facility or a minimum retrofit to upgrade

    existing equipment, Merichem ha s the solution.

    Merichems minimum scope of supply includes:

    Complete basic engineering design

    Fabrication of FIBER FILM Contactors and other proprietary and

    special equipment

    Operating and maintenance manuals

    Process licensing

    In-plant technical services and engineering support prior to start-up

    and during operation

    Additional services available at the client's option include:

    Detailed engineering design

    Fabrication of modularized systems

    Installation supervision

    Operator training

    Scope of Work and Services

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    Dispersion Problem

    UntreatedHydrocarbon In

    TreatingSolution In

    DispersiveContacting

    Devices

    Separationof Phases

    (Additional Vessel)

    ResidualCarryoverRemoval

    Treated ClearHydrocarbonOut

    TreatingSolution Out

    Packed Bed Trayed Tower

    Mix ValveStatic Mixer

    Bubble-ThroughRotating DiscsSpray NozzleVenturi Mixer

    Eductor

    Sand FiberCoalescer

    Water WashCentrifuge

    Knockout Vessel

    Conventional System = Conventional Problems

    FIBER FILM versus Conventiona l Technologies

    Caustic treating processes with dispersive mixing devices were once

    the only option available to the industry. Yet conventional dispersion

    and phase separation methods are subject to numerousshortcomings lack of turndown capability, pluggage, flooding,

    channeling, unpredictable treating results, long settling times,

    aqueous phase carryover, generation of dilute aqueous wastes,

    lower service factor, hydrocarbon losses, larger plot space, product

    contamination, and additional processing steps and equipment

    needed to separate phases.

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    Dispersion Problem

    Even when the dispersion-based system provides adequate

    treatment, separating the two phases is usually extremely inefficient.

    The mixture must remain in the phase separator until the caustic

    droplets settle out by gravity, a process that may take hours. As the

    treating requirement becomes more difficult, mixing energy is

    increased to maximize interfacial surface area leading to a greater

    dispersion of the aqueous phase causing the separation time to

    become exponentially longer.

    Stable emulsions can form in the mixing device resulting in massive

    carryover out of the separator vessel. Due to excessive carryover,

    expensive equipment such as knockout vessels, sand filters, and

    water wash units must be installed downstream to remove the

    dispersed aqueous phase from the treated product. Treatment is

    often interrupted if an emulsion develops.

    The conventional method of contacting two immiscible liquids such

    as hydrocarbon and caustic or amine is to disperse one liquid

    thoroughly into the other as small droplets. Impurities pass between

    the two phases at the surface of the droplet. Mass transfer can only

    be improved by creating more numerous and smaller droplets in

    order to increase surface area.

    Conventional Systems = Conventional Problems

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    The FIBER FILM C ontac tor Basics

    Intimate Contact Without Dispersion

    In a FIBER FILM Contactor, the aqueous phase adheres to (wets) the metal

    fibers and is continually renewed as it flows down the length of the fiber via a

    combination of gravity and interfacial drag between the two immiscible

    phases. Hydrocarbon also flows through the cylinder cocurrently and in

    between the aqueous-wetted fibers. The large surface area and tight pack-

    ing of the metal fibers bring ultra-thin falling films of the aqueous phase into

    intimate contact with the hydrocarbon phase. The interfacial surface area

    produced is orders of magnitude larger than in conventional devices allow-

    ing impurities to easily diffuse between phases.

    Additionally, emulsions and aqueous carryover are negligible occur since

    surfac e tension causes the a queous phase to a dhere to the metal fibers while

    the hydrocarbon phase flows freely between the wetted fibers. The result is a

    highly efficient mass transfer of impurities from one phase to the other with

    little to no emulsification, carryover, or high pressure drop.

    FIBER FILM

    Contactor

    TreatingSolution Out

    Treated ClearHydrocarbon Out

    UntreatedHydrocarbon In

    TreatingSolution In

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    The FIBER FILM C ontac tor

    Effective treating results

    Achieves maximum removal of

    impurities from the hydrocarbon

    to meet customers standa rds.

    High mass transfer efficiency

    The large interfac ial surface

    area, the microscopic diffusion

    distance, and the continuous

    renewal of the aqueous phase

    combine to yield mass transfer

    efficiencies far greater than

    possible with conventional

    treatment.

    Tec hnology Advantages

    ULTRA-THIN FALLING FILMS

    Elimination of carryover

    Bec ause the a queous phase adheres to the fibers in the FIBER FILM C ontactor

    rather than being dispersed into the hydrocarbon phase, c arryover is virtually

    eliminated.

    Elimination of emulsion formation

    Since effective phase contact occurs without dispersion, stable emulsions will

    not form in the FIBER FILM C ontactor unit.

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    The FIBER FILM C ontac tor

    Tec hnology Advantages

    Reduced equipment size and cost

    Since the FIBER FILM Contactor system does not depend on gravity settling or

    emulsion coalescenc e, processing vessels can be muc h smaller. In most cases,

    expensive downstream coalescers and other cleanup equipment are not

    required. With fewer pieces of smaller equipment, plant space is more

    efficiently utilized.

    Lower operating costs

    High caustic strength and recycle capability reduces use of fresh caustic as

    well as providing excellent turndown c apability.

    TYPICAL SEPARATION TIMES

    ConventionalDispersive System

    60-90 minutes

    Fiber-Film Contactor

    10-15 minutes

    Simplified, easily operated equipment

    By eliminating the clean-up stages,

    FIBER FILM C ontactor systems are muc h

    simpler to operate and maintain than

    conventional treating equipment. In

    addition, Merichems straightforward

    designs make automation and control

    easy.

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    The FIBER FILM C ontac tor

    Adaptable to Client needs

    Merichems FIBER FILM Contac tor units are c ustom-designed to integrate with

    existing equipment to cost-effectively increase treating capacity and

    significantly reduce project schedules. These revamps typically increase

    capa city by 50300%.

    Future expansion capability

    To meet projected expansion needs, FIBER FILM Contac tor systems can be

    designed for ec onomica l capacity increase.

    Modularized system availability

    FIBER FILM Contactor systems can be modularized to reduc e field fabrica tion

    and installation costs. This option also offers quicker implementation of

    grassroots systems, while Merichems pre-shipment checkout significantly

    reduces start-up problems.

    Flexible and Adaptable System Design

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    Tec hnology Applications

    Downstream Applications

    Crude Distillation Unit Overhead Offgas (H 2S, RSH, COS, CO)

    Saturated LPG (H 2S, RSH, COS)

    LSR/HSR Naptha (H2S, RSH)

    Jet Fuel / Kerosene (RCOOH, RSH)

    Diesel (RCOOH)

    AMINEX, THIOLEX, REGEN, LO-CAT,SULFUR-RITE, ELIMINATOR

    AMINEX, THIOLEX, REGEN

    THIOLEX, REGEN, MERICAT

    NAPFINING HiTAN, MERICAT II,AQUAFINING

    NAPFINING HiTAN, AQUAFINING

    Source Stream (Impurities) Applicable Technologies

    Catalytic Reformer Overhead Offgas (H 2S)

    Unstabilized Reformate (H 2S, NH4CL)

    FCCU or RCCU Overhead Offgas (H 2S)

    Unsaturated LPG (H 2S, RSH, COS)

    Light FCC Gasoline (H2S, RSH)

    Heavy or Full Range FCC Gasoline (H 2S, RSH)

    LO-CAT, SULFUR-RITE, ELIMINATOR

    CHLOREX

    LO-CAT, SULFUR-RITE, ELIMINATOR

    AMINEX, THIOLEX, REGEN

    THIOLEX, REGEN, MERICAT, EXOMER

    MERICAT, MERICAT II, EXOMER

    Unstabilized Alkylate (Esters)Alkylation ESTEREX

    Overhead Offgas (H 2S)

    LPG and Naptha (H 2S, RSH, COS)

    Coker, Visbreakeror Hydrocracker

    LO-CAT, SULFUR-RITE, ELIMINATOR

    AMINEX, THIOLEX, REGEN, MERICAT

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    Tec hnology Applications

    Midstream Applications

    Natural Gas (H 2S, RSH, COS, CO2)

    Propane (H 2S, RSH, COS)

    Butane (H 2S, RSH)

    Natural Gasoline (H 2S, RSH)

    AMINEX, THIOLEX, REGEN

    THIOLEX, REGEN

    THIOLEX, REGEN, MERICAT II

    Source Stream (Impurities) Applicable Technologies

    NGL Fractionation AMINEX, THIOLEX, REGEN, LO-CAT,SULFUR-RITE, ELIMINATOR

    Upstream Applications

    Natural Gas (H2S, RSH, COS, CO

    2)

    LPG (H2S, RSH, COS)

    Condensate (H 2S, RSH)

    AMINEX, THIOLEX, REGEN

    NAPFINING, THIOLEX, REGEN,MERICAT II, MERICAT C

    Stream (Impurities)

    Gas Production Field AMINEX, THIOLEX, REGEN, LO-CAT,SULFUR-RITE, ELIMINATOR

    Source Applicable Technologies

    Associated Gas (H 2S, RSH, COS, CO2, HCl, NH4 , NH4Cl)

    Crude Oil (H2S, CO2, RCOOH, RSH) NAPFINING, MERICAT C

    Oil Production Field AMINEX, THIOLEX, REGEN, LO-CAT,SULFUR-RITE, ELIMINATOR

    Oil Sands Heavy OilUpgrader

    AMINEX, THIOLEX, REGEN, LO-CAT,SULFUR-RITE, ELIMINATOR

    Fuel Gas (H 2S, RSH, COS, CO2)

    AMINEX, THIOLEX, REGENLPG (H2S, RSH, COS)

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    AMINEX and AMINEX COS

    Rich amineto regenerator

    Treatedhydrocarbon

    Untreatedhydrocarbon

    Lean amine

    from regenerator

    AMINEX and AMINEX C OS technologies employ the FIBER FILM Contactor

    as the mass transfer device and utilize an appropriate amine as the treating

    reagent to remove ac id gas and c arbonyl sulfide compounds from LPG-type

    and gas streams.

    AMINEX technologies were first licensed in 1998 and to date Merichem has

    granted 27 unit operating licenses world-wide. The non-dispersive FIBER FILM

    Contac tor reduces capital expenditure and plant space requirements com-

    pa red to most trea ting a lternatives, making AMINEX and AMINEX COS the

    technologies-of-choice.

    Rich amineto regenerator

    Treatedhydrocarbon

    Untreatedhydrocarbon

    Lean amine

    from regenerator

    AMINEX and AMINEX C OS technologies employ the FIBER FILM Contactor

    as the mass transfer device and utilize an appropriate amine as the treating

    reagent to remove ac id gas and c arbonyl sulfide compounds from LPG-type

    and gas streams.

    AMINEX technologies were first licensed in 1998 and to date Merichem has

    granted 27 unit operating licenses world-wide. The non-dispersive FIBER FILM

    Contac tor reduces capital expenditure and plant space requirements com-

    pa red to most trea ting a lternatives, making AMINEX and AMINEX COS the

    technologies-of-choice.

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    AQUAFINING

    Spent water

    Treatedhydrocarbon

    Fresh water

    Untreatedhydrocarbon

    AQUAFINING tec hnology employs the FIBER FILM C ontactor as the mass

    transfer device and utilizes water as the treating reagent to remove soluble

    organic and inorganic impurities from liquid and gas hydrocarbon streams.

    AQUAFINING technology was first licensed in 1978 and to date Merichemhas granted 90 unit operating licenses world-wide. The non-dispersive FIBER

    FILM C ontactor reduces capital expenditure and plant space requirements

    compared to most treating alternatives, making AQUAFINING the

    technology-of-choice.

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    NAPFINING and NAPFINING HiTAN

    Spent caustic

    Treatedhydrocarbon

    Fresh caustic

    Untreatedhydrocarbon

    NAPFINING and NAPFINING HiTAN tec hnologies employ the FIBER FILM

    Contactor as the mass transfer device and utilize c austic as the trea ting

    reagent to remove naphthenic acid compounds mainly from jet fuel, kero-

    sene, diesel, condensate and crude oil streams.

    NAPFINING tec hnologies were first licensed in 1977 and to date Merichem

    has granted 75 unit operating licenses world-wide. The non-dispersive FIBER

    FILM C ontactor reduces capital expenditure and plant spa ce requirements

    compared to most treating alternatives, making NAPFINING and NAPFIN-

    ING HiTAN the technologies-of-choice.

    In addition, on-stream factor between routine turnarounds is 100% whereas

    elec trostatic precipitators (ESPs) are much less reliable and incapable of pro-

    cessing high TAN (> 0.1 mg KOH/g) feeds.

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    THIOLEX

    Spent causticor rich causticto REGEN

    Treatedhydrocarbon

    Fresh caustic orlean caustic

    from REGIN

    Untreatedhydrocarbon

    THIOLEX technology employs the FIBER FILM Contac tor as the mass transfer

    device and utilizes caustic as the treating reagent to remove acid gas and

    mercaptan compounds from liquid and gas hydrocarbon streams.

    THIOLEX technology was first licensed in 1980 and to da te Merichem has

    granted 220 unit operating licenses world-wide. The non-dispersive FIBER FILM

    Contactor reduces capital expenditure and plant space requirements com-

    pared to most treating alternatives, making THIOLEX the technology-of-

    choice.

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    THIOLEX COS

    Spent caustic/catalyst

    Treatedhydrocarbon

    Fresh caustic/

    catalyst

    Untreatedhydrocarbon

    THIOLEX COS technology employs the FIBER FILM Contac tor as the mass

    transfer device and utilizes ca ustic/catalyst mixture a s the trea ting reagent to

    remove acid gas and carbonyl sulfide compounds from liquid and gas hydro-

    carbon streams.

    The non-dispersive FIBER FILM Contac tor reduces capital expenditure and

    plant space requirements compared to most treating alternatives, making

    THIOLEX COS the technology-of-choice.

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    MERICAT and MERICAT C

    Air

    Spent caustic

    Treatedhydrocarbon

    Fresh/

    cascadedcaustic

    Catalyst

    Untreatedhydrocarbon

    MERICAT & MERICAT C tec hnologies employ the FIBER FILM C ontactor as

    the mass transfer device and utilize a caustic/catalyst/air mixture as the treat-

    ing reagent to remove hydrogen sulfide and sweeten mercaptan compounds

    in gasoline/naphtha, condensate and crude oil streams.

    MERICAT technologies were first licensed in 1977 and to date Merichem has

    granted 148 unit operating licenses world-wide. The non-dispersive FIBER FILM

    Contactor reduces capital expenditure and plant space requirements com-

    pa red to most trea ting alternatives, making MERICAT and MERICAT C the

    technologies-of-choice.

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    ECOMERICAT

    Batch neutralizedbrine to storage

    Treatedhydrocarbon

    Oxidation air

    Freshcaustic(batch)

    Catalystin

    Untreatedhydrocarbon

    Batch

    Phenoliccaustic

    CO2

    MERICAT ECOMERICAT

    ECOMERICAT tec hnology employs the FIBER FILM C ontac tor as the mass

    transfer device to effectively sweeten mercaptans in gasoline/naphtha and

    subsequently neutralize phenolic caustic using carbon dioxide to recover

    phenols to maintain produc t yield. If gasoline/ naphtha sweetening is the only

    trea ting objec tive, then a stand-alone MERICAT design would be the

    appropriate technology solution.

    ECOMERICAT tec hnology was first licensed in 2000 and to date Merichem

    has granted two unit operating licenses world-wide. The non-dispersive FIBER

    FILM C ontactor reduces capital expenditure and plant spa ce requirements

    compared to most trea ting a lternatives, making ECOMERICAT the

    technology-of-choice.

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    MERICAT II

    MERICAT II technology employs the FIBER FILM Contactor as the mass transfer

    device and utilizes a caustic/catalyst/air mixture as the treating reagent to

    remove hydrogen sulfide and sweeten mercaptan compounds in jet fuel,

    kerosene and gasoline/ naphtha streams.

    MERICAT II tec hnology was first licensed in 1986 and to date Merichem has

    granted 43 unit operating licenses world-wide. The non-dispersive FIBER FILM

    Contactor reduces capital expenditure and plant space requirements com-

    pared to most trea ting alternatives, making MERICAT II the technology-of-

    choice. In addition, the FIBER FILM C ontactor is a built-in pre-wash which pro-

    tects and extends the life of the carbon bed and, in many cases, negates the

    need for a separate upstream pre-wash stage a ltogether.

    Air

    Spent caustic

    Treatedhydrocarbon

    Freshcaustic

    Catalyst

    Untreated

    hydrocarbon

    Carbonbed

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    MERICON

    MERICON technologies are on-site solutions for processing spent caustics for

    BOD/COD reduction, odor control, and/or pH adjustment. It employs neutral-ization and/or oxidation steps to produce a neutral brine effluent stream

    acceptable for routing to wastewater trea ting facilities, evaporation ponds, or

    waterways.

    MERICON technology was first licensed in 1988 and to date Merichem has

    granted 27 unit operating licenses world-wide. The design of the system is

    based on more than 75 years of first-hand operating knowledge gained from

    Merichem-owned plants. This when coupled with Merichems extensive licens-ing experience, makes MERICON the technology-of-choice.

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    M

    r e z i

    d i x

    O

    DSO GravitySeparator

    coal

    Steam

    SolventWash

    Catalyst

    TreatedHydrocarbon

    Offgas

    FreshSolvent

    SpentCaustic

    FreshCaustic

    SandFilter

    densate

    LEX SMREGEN

    REGENtechnology processes regenerable rich caustic streams produced in the refinery allowing it to

    be rec ycled thereby significantly improving caustic utilization. Typica lly REGENis coupled with extrac-

    tive THIOLEX technology to regenerate the mercaptide-rich caustic purged from the THIOLEX

    system and returns a lean caustic stream for additional mercaptan removal. Depending on the

    stringenc y of the trea ted product specifications, the REGENdesign will employ disulfide oil (DSO)

    gravity separation and/or solvent washing step(s) to minimize the impact of DSO back-extraction. In

    addition, REGENtechnology is equally effec tive at reviving rich/spent caustic streams emanating

    from conventional refinery trea ting units.

    REGENtechnology was first licensed in 1980 and to date Merichem has granted 151 unit operating

    licenses world-wide. Moderate levels of sodium sulfide (salt of hydrogen sulfide/H2S) c an be ac commo-

    da ted in the rich caustic and many times negates the need for a H2S pre-wash stage in the hydroca r-

    bon extraction section of the treating unit resulting in less capital expenditure.

    The design of the system is based on more than 75 years of first-hand operating knowledge gained from

    Merichem-owned plants. This factor, when coupled with Merichems extensive licensing experience,

    makes REGENthe technology-of-choice.

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    FIBER FILM Processes

    MERCAPTAN EXTRACTION

    THIOLEX (typically coupled with REGEN ) Caustic extraction of

    hydrogen sulfide, carbonyl sulfide, carbon dioxide and mercaptans

    from gases, LPG and naphthas.

    MERCAPTAN OXIDATION

    MERICAT Liquid-liquid contact incorporating c austic , air, and

    catalyst to oxidize mercaptans in light, heavy, and full-range cracked

    naphthas. MERICAT II C ombination of liquid-liquid and solid-bed contac t

    using caustic , air, catalyst, and carbon to oxidize heavy mercaptans in

    jet fuel and middle distillate streams. MERICAT C Liquid-liquid c ontact incorporating c austic , air, and

    catalyst to oxidize mercaptans in crude oil and condensate.

    HYDROGEN SULFIDE EXTRACTION

    AMINEX Amine extraction of ac id gases from gases and LPG. THIOLEX C austic extraction of hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide,

    and mercaptans from gases, LPG, and naphthas.

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    FIBER FILM Processes

    CARBON DIOXIDE EXTRACTION

    AMINEX Amine extraction of ac id gases from gases and LPG.

    THIOLEX C austic extraction of hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide,

    and merca ptans from gases, LPG, and naphthas.

    CARBONYL SULFIDE EXTRACTION

    AMINEX COS Amine extraction of carbonyl sulfide from gases

    and LPG.

    THIOLEX COS Amine-catalyzed caustic extraction of carbonyl

    sulfide gases and LPG.

    NAPHTHENIC ACID EXTRACTION

    NAPFINING C austic extraction of naphthenic acids from jet fuel,

    kerosene, and virgin middle distillates. NAPFINING HiTAN Caustic extraction of naphthenic a cids from

    high TAN (> 0.1 mg KOH/g) jet fuel, kerosene, a nd virgin middle

    distillates.

    IMPURITY EXTRACTION

    AQUAFINING Water extraction of soluble organic and inorganic

    impurities from gases, LPG, naphthas, and middle distillates.

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    FIBER FILM Processes

    SPENT CAUSTIC PROCESSES

    REGEN with Gravity Separation C atalytic oxida tion of mercaptide

    caustic followed by gravity separation of disulfide oil to permit reuse

    of the caustic in mercaptan extraction stages without significant DSO

    back extraction.

    REGEN with Solvent Wash C atalytic oxida tion of mercaptide

    caustic followed by solvent wa shing in a FIBER FILM Contactor forcomplete disulfide oil removal in order to reuse the caustic in total

    sulfur reduction stages without significant DSO back extraction.

    MERICON Onsite oxidation or neutralization of sulfidic and

    organic spent caustics to reduce BOD, COD and organics before

    transfer to waste water trea ting facilities.

    ECOMERICAT O xida tion of mercaptans in gasoline/naphtha a nd

    subsequent neutralization of phenolic caustic using c arbon dioxide toreduce phenolic c ompounds in the neutralized brine.

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    Merichem Process Technologies

    5450 Old Spanish TrailHouston, Texas 77023

    Tel: +1 713-428-5000Fax: +1 713-921-4604

    [email protected]