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Rebel Mag.Rebel Mag.Rebel Mag.
Nathanael Greene: Nathanael Greene: Nathanael Greene:
Guilford CourthouseGuilford CourthouseGuilford Courthouse
--- Haitian RevolutionHaitian RevolutionHaitian Revolution
--- The Boston MassacreThe Boston MassacreThe Boston Massacre
--- The Story of BenedictThe Story of BenedictThe Story of Benedict
ArnoldArnoldArnold
By: Jesus Cruz and Thomas FairBy: Jesus Cruz and Thomas FairBy: Jesus Cruz and Thomas Fair
Revolution in Haiti! 1791—1804
evolution is in the air. With
the American and French rev-
olutions finished, we meet
with Toussaint L'ouverture and his re-
bellion of slaves in the Carribean. The
island is St. Dominiques, and it is
home to some of the largest amounts
of slaves during the time. As the
French Revolution went through its
course, many people started to realize
the true meaning of the Revolution.
This brought ideas and questions to
the people of St. Dominiques. These
ideas and questions sparked the revo-
lution. The leader of the slave rebels is
Toussaint L'ouverture, a self taught
leader who ran Napoleon's army out of
St. Dominiques. One of the key factors
for the Haitians is that St. Dominiques
is their home ground. With knowledge
of the island and the adaption to in-
sects like mosquitos, they were able to
R defeat the French. After the Rebels
won, St. Dominiques was transformed
into the Republic of Haiti. This was
the first time a slave revolution ended
in the creation of a state.
Toussaint L’Ouverture
Toussaint was a brilliant self educated man who
believed in equal rights for all. He led the Hai-
tians in their revolution. Napoleon made an
offering of peace to end the revolution in Haiti. A
few months later, he invited Toussaint to a
meeting promising full safe conduct. Toussaint
was then arrested by Napoleon's guards and tak-
en back to France. There, Napoleon sent him to a
prison in the mountains where he later died. The
Haitians carried on their revolution and later
won.
By John Peter Zenger
The Zenger Talk Hello, I’m John Peter Zenger, and this is The Zenger Talk. Today, I will be interviewing one of the most contro-
versial men in this war, Benedict Arnold.
What did you do before the war, Mr. Arnold?
Well, before the war I worked in New England as a merchant operating ships. Before this though, I had served
in the militia during the French & Indian War. This gave me some prior battle experience. Anyway, I was work-
ing as a merchant, and then the British started to make things hard on me and other merchants. They put new
acts in, such as the Sugar Act and Stamp Act. Then, when the war came around, I joined the army just outside
Boston.
How did you get yourself to become Major General in the U.S. Continental Army?
Well, like any rank advancement, I put hard work and bravery into my job. Soon, I was involved in fort take
overs, such as Ticonderoga, and defensive holdings, such as Valcour, even though we lost.
What kind of trouble did you get in with the U.S. Congress?
After my Injury in Saratoga, I started to get passed over for rank advancements, usually because other officers
claimed what I did in the war as theirs. Soon, I started to be blamed for issues such as corruption. Finally, after
many cases, Congress told me I was in debt to them £1000.
What really made you switch sides to the British?
Well, I was frustrated and angry at the U.S. Congress, and the British made me a good offer. I was to be paid
£360 and in total, I made £6000.
What did you do as a new member of the British Army?
My job was to hold my position as the command of West Point. When the
time came, I was to hand over West Point to the British. The plot was soon
foiled when a man was captured carrying the documents of my plan. I soon
fled down the Hudson to the British area. This is where I became a Brigadier
General and would stay until the war ended in York Town.
Where did you go after the war? What did you do there?
After the war, I returned to England with my second wife. There, I became a
Merchant again with my son. I would remain in England.
Thomas Jefferson a Red Coat?
Our expert artist drew what he and many have said Thomas Jefferson has been wear-ing. His attire is nonother than the uniform of the British Army. Yes I know this may be disturbing, but our hero is being rumored as a traitor. Inside sources have also told us that that Mr. Jefferson and the King have been planning this “Revolution for years”. Though nothing has been confirmed, paint-ings have never looked so convincing. In fact, its like you can almost see his inner Red Coat by staring into his drawn eyes. So next time you see Mr. Jefferson around, be warned he is dangerous and probably wait-ing to have his strike on the uprising Revo-lution. What will you do about this?
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Nathanael Greene: Battle Nathanael Greene: Battle Nathanael Greene: Battle
of Guilford Courthouseof Guilford Courthouseof Guilford Courthouse By: Thomas FairBy: Thomas FairBy: Thomas Fair
Nathanael Greene: Battle Nathanael Greene: Battle Nathanael Greene: Battle
of Guilford Courthouseof Guilford Courthouseof Guilford Courthouse
N
athanael Greene took command of the
Southern Continental Army in Charlotte, NC
on December 2, 1780 after being appointed
to General by George
Washington on October 5,
1780. He effectively be-
came the second-in-
command of the army only
behind Commander-in-
Chief, George Washington.
After losing Savannah and
Charleston to the British,
Greene, a strategist,
brought new and different
plans to battles for the rebel army. His job was to stop
General Cornwallis as he was on his way to Virginia.
General Cornwallis Brings Problems
Cornwallis was heading North, and on the way he
would attempt to gather many of the Loyalists in
Georgia, South Carolina, and North Carolina. With his
new, fresh troops, he would try to overwhelm the
battered Virginia army.
General Greene was under great stress when going up
against the smart General Cornwallis and his mighty
army. His army was rag tagged and small. It did not
have the needed equipment and was already tired
from previous battles.
He would need a new strategy, one that almost ex-
panded small armies, and had a great effect on the
larger more formal armies.
The Strategy
The small, broken army would need to split up in or-
der to have a chance of beating Cornwallis. This way
Cornwallis would need to divide his army making it
possible to slowly defeat and break up the British
Troops.
The Execution
His strategy would prove to work when Colonel
William Campbell and his troops defeated 100% of
British forces at the Battle of Kings Mountain. After
this, General Daniel Morgan defeated nearly 90% of
British forces at the battle of Cowpens.
Daniel Morgan would now execute a strategic retreat
towards the Salisbury District. He was then joined by
Greene at Cowan’s Ford on the Catawba River where
they fought a small force of Cornwallis’s troops.
Still, Greene’s troops were minimal and had little
chance to defeat the mighty Cornwallis. In a majority
decision, Greene decided to keep retreating and
gather more forces. He then wrote to Patrick Henry
requesting about 1500 troops to meet up at the Dan
River. Guarding the retreating troops back was Col.
Otho Williams and his special light corps.
The Retreat to Dan River
Col. Williams was to harass the large but slow moving
British Army. Thus, Nathanael Greene could make it
to Dan River and meet up with the 1500 troops. If
Greene could get there first, he could move all of the
boats so that the British would never be able to cross.
The Battle of Guilford Court House
Nathanael and his now grown army re-crossed the
Dan River to pursue Cornwallis. On March 15, 1781,
the British met the Continental Army at the Guilford
County Courthouse at midday.
The first engagement occurred four miles from the
courthouse, with Harry Lee’s (Light Horse Larry Lee:
Father of Gen. Robert E. Lee, General of the Confed-
erate Army) Dragoons. The British sent reinforce-
ments forward, and Lee ordered a retreat to the main
body of Greene’s Army.
Greene had set up his army into three lines. The first
line consisted of North Carolina Militia. In the second
line, he placed Virginia Militia with two 6 lbs. Can-
nons. His third line consisted of his regulars from Vir-
ginia Regiment, Delaware Infantry, and the 1st and
2nd Maryland Regiments. The third line was his best
line.
The British rushed forward but were soon halted by
the 1st line who rested on a picket fence to aim pre-
cisely at the British. The 1st line to the west fled back
through the woods.
While the British forced themselves through the first
two lines, they suffered significant losses. When Lt.
Macleod arrived, he ordered two British cannons to
fire directly on the Dragoons, but when doing this, he
was also firing on his own men.
The Americans then broke off and retreated into the
woods.
An American Defeat, but a Strategic British Loss
Though the British won the Battle, they lost almost
25% of their troops, but Nathanael Greene and his
army had done what they needed to do. Cornwallis
and the British would then march on to Yorktown
where General George Washington would defeat
them.
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Arrange apples in unbaked pie shell. Com-
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kle over apples. Dot with butter. Cover with
slashed pastry and bake at 375 degrees for 1
hour or until crust is brown and apples are
tender. Arrange apples in unbaked pie shell.
Combine flour, sugar, salt and cinnamon;
sprinkle over apples. Dot with butter. Cover
Dear Abraham,
Hey Abraham, my name is Mary I am a local house wife with two kids. My son is 12 and he currently goes to school, my daughter is 10 and stays home to help me, she has become more and more interested in “Why she doesn't go to school?”. I have thought about letting her go but I’m not sure I if I should. I need your help with deciding.
Dear Mary,
Hey Mary thank you for your ques-tion, I have kids of my own but are both boys. I think that
every one should get an education if they want it, your Daugh-ter is interested in education so I say let her be educated. It doesn't seem fair if you don't let her do what one of your kids is doing because of their gender.
Dear Abraham,
My name is Johnathan, I am con-fused on why we are at war with the red-coats? Why are we going against the founders of the colo-nies? Why don't we help them?
Dear Johnathan,
We are at war because we have been pushed around
too much! we are tired of being used by Britain! we want to become inde-pendent so that we don’t have to pay stupid taxes on things just for their profit! We no longer want to be connect-ed to the corrupt! We have been under their power for too long and we need to distance our selves from them before we become influ-enced any more by them
Honest Abe
Dear Rebel Magazine Editor,
I have been reading Rebel Magazine for a long time now and I have enjoyed
the content your magazine includes. I just wanted to give my feedback on one piece
of content I think deserves more coverage on. This event happened in your earliest
spring edition of the magazine and seemed to be rushed by the way it was carelessly
written.
The early spring edition of the magazine was published March, 7, 1770, two
days after the tragic incident that happened here in Boston. The article was named
The Boston Massacre because of the events that transpired that day. Great Britain
was the start to this conflict that caused mistrust between the colonial people and
the British. Britain tried passing the Townshend Acts which would raise taxes on
glass, paint, oil, lead, and tea. Colonial people where enraged and protested. March,
5, 1770 was the day People went in front of the Customs Office in Boston Massachu-
setts and started to throw objects and insult the soldiers, as a result 5 people died
after British soldiers fired into a crowed of people. This event was said to have been
the start of these conflicts that will surely cause a war between the colonies and the
British.
I think that Britain should be blamed for the conflicts between the people of
the colonies and their own soldiers. There were crowds of people outraged by the
acts that the soldiers took, as a result the governor arrested the soldiers and now
they are awaiting trial. Two of the soldiers were found guilty and the rest were ac-
quitted. We need to watch what the British are doing because they are not to be
trusted after the action they took on the people of the colonies.
Sincerely,
Adam Johnson
Letter To The Editor Rebel
Magazine
March, 1770
Puzzle of the Month
People and Events of the Revolutionary Period
ACROSS
3 Declared independence from the British by the American
Colonists 5 A rifle loaded from the Barrel and usually contained a lead ball
for ammunition
8 Author of the Declaration of Independence 9 General of the British army, defeated in Yorktown
10 Required that many printed materials in the colonies be
produced on stamped paper produced in London, carrying an embossed revenue stamp
12 General of the Southern Continental Army that would hold up
General Cornwallis 13 English King who was ruler during the American Revolutionary
War
DOWN
1 Protest against the British new tax laws for the colonists that included dumping British Tea into the Boston Harbor
2 General of the Continental Army
4 Leader of the Haitian Rebellion on the island of St. Dominiques
6 Island of slaves owned by the French that would become Haiti
after the Revolution
7 Killing of Civilian Protestors in Boston by the British Army
11 Firing Mechanism that uses a shard of flint igniting a pan of
black powder to trigger the firing
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Works Cited
Nathanael Greene Article: Pg. 7 - 8
www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/...nathanael-greene-1742-1786
Nathanael Greene Article: Pg. 7 - 8
www.ushistory.org/...greene.html
Haitian Revolution: Pg. 1
www.pbs.org/...3p2990.html
Benedict Arnold Interview: pg. 2
http://www.ushistory.org/valleyforge/served/arnold.html
Recipe for Colonial Apple Pie: pg. 10
http://www.cooks.com/recipe/ra2of97m/colonial-apple-pie.html
Letter to the Editor: Pg. 11
http://www.bostonmassacre.net/
Crossword Puzzle Vocabulary: pg. 12
http://www.melodyshaw.com/files/AmRevWordsWks1-4.pdf
Picture Bank
www.laprogressive.com Toussaint L’ouverture
commons.wikimedia.org Haitian Revolution
fineartamerica.com Benedict Arnold
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state Thomas Jefferson
http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/TheHouseOfHanover King George III
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Washington George Washington pic
http://swickheimerfamily.blogspot.com/2012/12/fallen-of-wagon.html Wagon picture
http://conservapedia.com/Rattlesnake_(American_symbol Join, or Die pic
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betsy_Ross_flag Colonial Flag
http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwa_pod_Guilford_Court_House Battle of Guilford Court House Pic
http://www.historicalartprints.com/viewgallist.php?id=171 Nathanael Greene battle pic
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Guilford_Court_House Battle plan out map
http://allenscreations.com/dghh.htm Battle Pic
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathanael_Greene Nathanael Greene Pic
http://oodlekadoodleprimitives.blogspot.com/2008_10_01_archive.html Apple pie
http://www.historyrocket.com/American-History/revolutionary-war/ Revolutionary war Delaware river
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War Ship Battle