mental health and the athlete. objectives fatigue/staleness/overtraining/burnout psychology of...
TRANSCRIPT
Mental Health and the Athlete
Objectives Fatigue/Staleness/Overtraining/Burnout Psychology of Injury and Rehab Mental Illness:
Mood Disorders Depression Bipolar disorder Seasonal Affective Disorder
Anxiety Disorder Panic Attacks Phobias Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Performance Enhancement
Imaging Self-Talk Relaxation
Mental Health Professionals
Mechanism for Fatigue/Depression
Poor performance↓
Frustration↓
Increased effort↓
Increase fatigue
Risk Factors for Athletes:1. Transition2. Stresses - relation3. Injury
Psychology of Injury
Self-Worth/Athletic ID How does Psychology affect athletes?
Initial Injury Assessment Loss of self-ID Decrease self-esteem Isolation Anxiety Helplessness
TX:
Psychology of Rehabilitation
Secondary Gain
Malingering
Compliance
Psychological RED FLAG S/S
Family Hx Change in sleep patterns Change in cognitive status and function Change in weight/appetite Change in mood Physical exams that don’t make sense
Mood Disorders
Depression; 10-20% prevalence Definition
Causes: medical vs. other
Dx: Must have above definition plus 5 of 7 s/s S/S: Distr. Sleep, unhappy, can’t concentrate, fatigue,
suicidal thoughts, weight loss/gain, worthlessness, incr. in medical problems, sudden change in academic/athletic performance, isolation from family/friends
Mood Disorders
Depression: cont Tx:
Meds: Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCADs) or Selective Seratonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)
Citalopram (Celexa) Escitalopram (Lexapro) Fluoxetine (Prozac, Prozac Weekly) Paroxetine (Paxil, Paxil CR) Sertraline (Zoloft)
Mood Disorders
Bi-polar Disorder: Characterized by sequential periods of major depression and manic episodes that last for 1 week or require hospitalization
Associated S/S:
Tx:
Mood Disorders
Seasonal Affective Disorder Depression that occurs only during particular seasons and is
completely resolved during other time frames
S/S:
Tx:
Anxiety Disorders: Excessive worry that occurs in
multiple settings creating difficulty in social functions
Panic Attacks: period of intense fear, discomfort or terror accompanied by thoughts of impending doom or loss of control
Panic Disorder: defined by recurrent episodes of unexpected panic attacks followed by worry about future attacks
S/S: ANXIETY VS. PANIC DISORDER
Anxiety Disorders
Phobias: Abnormal fear of a specific object or situation that does not cause anxiety in the average person
s/s:
Anxiety Disorders
Phobia List
Anxiety Disorders
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Definition: recurrent obsessions/compulsions that can be time
consuming or cause significant impairment Washing and cleaning Counting Checking Demanding reassurances Repeating actions over and over
Arranging and making items appear orderly
Anxiety Disorders
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Reaction to exposure to life-threatening events or similar
stimuli outside of normal life events
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD: neuro-behavior condition that impairs a persons
ability to sustain attention or control activity and impulses in at least 2 settings
Types:
Tx:
Performance Enhancements
Imagery: Purpose is to rehearse action Technique:
Self-talk: Athlete repeats aloud what is ideal
Relaxation: 2 Types
Mental Health Professions/Referral
5 Mental Health Disciplines (US gov. recognized) Psychiatry Psychiatric Nursing
Psychology
Marriage and Family Therapy
Social Work
Other: Professional counselors Clergy members
Role of ATC
Recognize and referral (1st line of defense) Know the professionals in your area Can always start c primary MD
ATC – What can I do
Athlete Approaches you: Be Approachable Their approach indicates a need to talk Give TOTAL attention & Listen Ask clarifying questions only, not judgmental Indicate you want to help Ask if there is anything they need
Ask - “are you thinking about hurting yourself” Ask – “do you have a plan”
Make a referral – knowing your limits