Memory

Memory Process

Encoding

Storage

Retrieval

Memory Test #1

Recall vs. Recognition

Process of Memory

• Sensory Register – see, hear, feel, limbic system

– Iconic – visual (memory task #2)

– Echoic – auditory

– Eidetic – photographic memory (#3)

Process of Memory

• Short Term Memory (STM) • aka – “working memory”

– Conscious recognition

How much information can you How much information can you hold?hold?

Try to see if you can remember all of the Try to see if you can remember all of the following numbersfollowing numbers

Memory Task #4

736

3795

06935

759354

8340385

02148594

395076395

1793057848

Short Term Memory

• On average, most people can hold about 7 items in short term memory at a time– Phone numbers– Maintenance rehearsal - repetition– Varies by individual

Serial Position Test

Listen to the list of words that I will read aloud. When I give you the cue, try to write down as many as you can

remember.

Memory Task #5

Primacy and Recency

• Nation

• Uncle

• Valley

• Skin

• Question

• Record

• Animal

• Roof

• Weather

• Doctor

• Circle

• Friend

• Railroad

• Shade

• Machine

• Thought

• Gold

• Season

• Class

• Movie

Process of Memory

• Long Term Memory (LTM)– Types:

• Procedural – how to do things

• Factual – bits of information– “Generic”/Semantic – facts

– Episodic – personal, “flashbulb”

Yet another memory testYet another memory test

Try to remember as much as possible of the following long string of letters.

When I give you the cue, see how many you can write down.

(Test #6)

N

B

C

C

I

A

F

B

I

P

B

S

Write down what you remember.

“Chunking”

NBC

CIA

FBI

PBS

Memory Strategies

•Visualization – loci method

•Mnemonics

•Chunking

•Multi-sensory

•Elaborate

Elaboration TestElaboration Test

As you see the words, follow the instruction to either:

-count the e’sor

-place in a category

At the end, see how many you can remember and write down.

(Test #7)

Date

Pitcher

Violet

Black

Maine

Wind

Spring

Bridge

Jefferson

Lead

Jam

Rattle

Grass

Marker

Page

Cookie

Bat

Plumber

Chair

Perch

Host

File

Beethoven

Bulb

Rock

Anger

Freud

Giggle

Egg

Notwithstanding

• Date

• Black

• Bridge

• Grass

• Cookie

• Bat

• Chair

• Host

• File

• Beethoven

• Bulb

• Anger

• Freud

• Giggle

• Egg

• Pitcher

• Violet

• Maine

• Wind

• Spring

• Jefferson

• Lead

• Jam

• Rattle

• Marker

• Page

• Plumber

• Perch

• Rock

• Notwithstanding

Sorted E’s Category

How about another memory How about another memory test?test?

I will read a list of words aloud. Try to remember as many of the words as possible and write them down when I

give the cue.

False Memories / Déjà Vu

Did you write the word sleep?…

…It wasn’t in there.

Memory Issues

•Mind Decay

•Disease

•Interference

•Proactive

•Retroactive

•Distortion or construction

•Chemicals•State dependent•Voluntary drugs•Involuntary drugs

•Context Dependent

•Physical – amnesia

•Severe trauma

•repression