mekong river commission meeting the needs - keeping the balance .pptt
DESCRIPTION
At 4,800km long, Mekong is one of the world’s longest rivers. Basin supports one of the most productive and diverse freshwater ecosystems.TRANSCRIPT
Mekong River CommissionMekong River Commission Meeting the Needs - Keeping the Balance Meeting the Needs - Keeping the Balance
MRC Water Utilization Programme:MRC Water Utilization Programme:GEF International Waters ProjectGEF International Waters Project
(GEF/World Bank) (GEF/World Bank)
Mekong River CommissionMekong River Commission Meeting the Needs - Keeping the Balance Meeting the Needs - Keeping the Balance
MRC Water Utilization Programme:MRC Water Utilization Programme:GEF International Waters ProjectGEF International Waters Project
(GEF/World Bank) (GEF/World Bank)
Potentials and Potentials and ChallengeChallenge
Potentials and Potentials and ChallengeChallenge
At 4,800km long, Mekong is one of the world’s longest riverslongest rivers.
Basin supports one of the most productive and diverse freshwater ecosystemsecosystems.
Least spoiled & least developed, and potential for development is far from utilized.
Only four countries are members. Total populationpopulation living in the
Lower Mekong Basin is at present 60 million people => 100 million by 2025.
Average flow = 15,000 m3/s, but not evenly distributed.
Majority of them living below poverty line.
Issues to be addressed by Issues to be addressed by WUPWUP
Issues to be addressed by Issues to be addressed by WUPWUP
1995 Mekong Agreement to address two most important issues:– water sharing/maintenance of agreed flow level; and– Environment protection and the ecological balance.
Other related issues:– Change of flow regime/quality;– sea water intrusion,– impact on navigation;– Growing demand for water/energy and inter-basin
diversion,– Degradation of aquatic ecosystem (fish)– Inadequate knowledge of river basin behavior and
water quality conditions.
How Issues/challenges are How Issues/challenges are addressedaddressed
How Issues/challenges are How Issues/challenges are addressedaddressed
WUP broad objective: set up a mechanism to implement 1995 agreement by:
Facilitating agreements among countries on required set of rules/agreements;
Developing a modeling package and knowledge base for supporting learnt decision-making;
Capacity building and technical collaboration with upstream countries;
Ensuring ownership and participation.
Progress to dateProgress to dateProgress to dateProgress to dateRules:
– Data sharing and exchange agreement signed in November 2001;
– Procedures for Implementing “equitable and reasonable use” to be signed later this year,
– By 2005 = three more rules on water use monitoring, maintenance of water quantity, and quality.
Progress to date Progress to date (Cont.)(Cont.)
Progress to date Progress to date (Cont.)(Cont.)
Development of Decision Support Framework, and Training of trainers and end users in progress – July 03.
Progress toward Flow Management.
Decision Support Framework
Proposed development scenarios
Validated Planning
Data Hydrological model
Basin simulation model
Rules for Water
Utilisation
Impact Analysis Tools
Knowledge Base
Planning assessments
Assessment Framework
Hydrodynamic & salintiy models
Environment Assessment
Socio-economic
MRC and Flow Management MRC and Flow Management MRC and Flow Management MRC and Flow Management
The EP and WUP have developed a 3 phase approach to flow guidelines
Phase 1 – An interim flow plan to prevent deterioration in the short term
Phase 2 – A field based comprehensive flow plan
Phase 3 – Evaluation of proposed interventions
MRC and Flow Management MRC and Flow Management MRC and Flow Management MRC and Flow Management
Interim Flow Plan
Based on existing knowledge Using an expert panel approach Deliberately conservative It will protect “bottom lines”
MRC and Flow Management MRC and Flow Management MRC and Flow Management MRC and Flow Management
Interim Flow Plan
Main difficulties :
Collating the existing knowledge
Identifying the “bottom lines”
MRC and Flow Management MRC and Flow Management MRC and Flow Management MRC and Flow Management
Comprehensive Flow Plan
Based on field assessments and flow modeling
Intended to allow prediction of ecological and subsistence consequences of flow changes
Vegetation zones linked to flood-Vegetation zones linked to flood-return periods return periods
Vegetation zones linked to flood-Vegetation zones linked to flood-return periods return periods
Back Dynamic
Tree -Shrub
Lower Dynamic
Upper
lower Wet Bank
Aquatic
580
300200120
400
8050
Q
1:20
1:2
IV
II, III
wslfI
dslf
MRC and Flow Management MRC and Flow Management MRC and Flow Management MRC and Flow Management
Comprehensive Flow Plan
Main difficulties
Results will provide information to decision makers – but not make the decision
Can we effectively model flow over the Cambodian floodplains?
Flow (discharge) Flow (discharge) is measured as is measured as velocity x cross velocity x cross sectional area – sectional area – but cross section but cross section area is difficult to area is difficult to measure where measure where
the river is 50 km the river is 50 km wide!wide!
Flow (discharge) Flow (discharge) is measured as is measured as velocity x cross velocity x cross sectional area – sectional area – but cross section but cross section area is difficult to area is difficult to measure where measure where
the river is 50 km the river is 50 km wide!wide!
MRC and Flow Management MRC and Flow Management MRC and Flow Management MRC and Flow Management
Assessment of Interventions
This will involve cooperation between BDP, WUP and EP
EPEcological & Subsistence Consequences
BDPNational/ Regional
Macroeconomic
Assessment:
(Hydropower, Irrigation,
Forestry, Fisheries, Other
BDPOther stakeholders
Decision Makers
Proposed Interventions BDP
Options
WUPConsequences :
Water Quantity & Quality
Define Scope
MRC and Flow MRC and Flow ManagementManagement
meeting the needsmeeting the needs
maintaining the maintaining the balancebalance
MRC and Flow MRC and Flow ManagementManagement
meeting the needsmeeting the needs
maintaining the maintaining the balancebalance