1Meeting of the Blue Dot Team, UCL, London, 15-16 sept. 2008

Single Aperture Concepts

2Meeting of the Blue Dot Team, UCL, London, 15-16 sept. 2008

Prehistoric instruments

2M1207 5 MJ 46 AU

GQ Lup 17 MJ 100 AU

AB Pic 14 MJ 248 AU

CHRX73 12 MJ 210 AU

HN Peg 16 MJ 795 AU

DH Tau 12 MJ 330 AU

RSX 1609 8 MJ 330 AU

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Only a few direct detection of planetary mass objects …

All detected at large separations and/or small mass ratio

=> Presumably not formed in protoplanetary disk

3Meeting of the Blue Dot Team, UCL, London, 15-16 sept. 2008

Next to come on the ground 2010-2011

Spectro Polarimetric High contrast Exoplanet ResearchLarge consortium (F, I, G, S, NL, ESO)

XAO + coronagraphy + differential imaging - IRDIS: 2 simultaneous filters (NIR)- IFS: 3D spectroscopy (NIR)- ZIMPOL : simultaneous polarimetry (Vis)

Expected contrast : 106 - 107 in NIR, 107-108 in Vis

- measures : NIR spectra, NIR photometry (0.95-2.3m), polarimetry (600-900nm)- operation : 80% of the time in survey mode (IRDIS-H2H3 + IFS-YJ)- first light : end 2010- cost : 8M€

SPHERE (& GPI & HiCiAO)

4 objectives : - giant planets in young associations of stars (1 to a few mass of Jupiter) - stars with known planets (RV surveys) : massive planets, long period- stars of intermediate age (0.1-1 Gyr)

- very nearby stars (bright stars, orbit 0.5 - 1 AU, 1RJ)

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260 GTO nights

4Meeting of the Blue Dot Team, UCL, London, 15-16 sept. 2008

=11.40m

Next to come in space 2014

JWSTNIRCAM US instrument0.6 - 5 m imager

NIRCAM has 5 coronagraphs Optimized for several filters (F200, F480, …)

Good performance at 4.8mAt 2.2 m mature giants are too faint.

Expected contrast : 105 - 106

- measures : photometry (2 - 5m)- first light : 2014

MIRIEurope + US consortium5 - 28 m imager + IFU

MIRI imager has 4 coronagraphs

4QPM in 3 filters (10.6, 11.4, 15.5 m) => self luminous giants T > 300-400K

(5 - 10AU, 10pc, 5Gyr)

Expected contrast : 104 - 105

- measures :photometry- first light : 2014

FGS: CSA responsabilty 1-5m coronagraphic capabilities

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5Meeting of the Blue Dot Team, UCL, London, 15-16 sept. 2008

Next to come in space 2018

SPICAIR Japanese space telescope (JAXA) Some collaborations (UK for instance)

3.5m telescope + several instrumentsCoronagraph : 3 - 27 m (imaging and spectroscopy)

Expected contrast : 106

=> potentially better than MIRI if:- better coronagraph (PIAA, shaped pupil)- WF correction (cryogenic)

Some technological developments are required (on going at JAXA)Assessment phase by ESA in the context of CV

- measures : photometry + spectroscopy- first light : 2018

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6Meeting of the Blue Dot Team, UCL, London, 15-16 sept. 2008

By 2020 (still on the ground)

ELT - EPICSExo-Planet Imaging Camera & SpectrometerLarge consortium (ESO, F, I, G, S, NL)

A SPHERE-like instrument for E-ELTPhase A started in oct 2007 for 2 years. (ELT in phase B)

Expected contrast : 108 - 109 in NIR & Vis

- measures : NIR spectra (0.95-2.3m), polarimetry (450-900nm)- first light > 2018 (1st generation instrument)- cost ~ 30M€

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objectives : - young giants - mature giants >5AU <20pc, spectral characterization- Neptune mass (rocky ?) detection + 1st order charac.

/D = 8 mas

7Meeting of the Blue Dot Team, UCL, London, 15-16 sept. 2008

By 2020 (still on the ground)

ELT - METIS

Continuation of VIZIR/VLT and MIRI/JWST programsPhase A has started in 2008 for 2 years

Expected contrast : 105 - 106

- measures : MIR photometry + spectra (IFU)- first light > 2018 - 2020- cost ~ 30M€

objectives : - mature giants- irradiated planets (1 jupiter mass and possibly down)

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/D = 50 mas

8Meeting of the Blue Dot Team, UCL, London, 15-16 sept. 2008

M class

Medium mission

1.5 - 2m class telescope Super polish optics, coronagraphy, differential imaging, WF control

Expected contrast : 107 - 108

- measures are : Vis spectra (0.4-1.25m) + polarimetry (400-850nm) + long term variations- cost ~ 300M€

=> 4 projects funded by NASA (1M$) for review at decadal survey (PICO, ACCESS, EPIC, DaVinci)

SEE COAST & TPF-C avatars

objectives : - explore diversity of planets- target list : HARPS, ESPRESSO, GAIA, COROT, KEPLER, …- mature giant planets (clouds, scattering, temporal variations, …)- Super Earths

9Meeting of the Blue Dot Team, UCL, London, 15-16 sept. 2008

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L or XL class

Occulters & large telescopesSeveral concepts :

- opaque occulters (New Worlds Observer)- Fresnel imaging lens (3-5m, 15m, 30m)- large telescope with coronagraph (>4m)

Expected contrast : 109 - 1010

- measures are : NWO : UV-NIR spectra (0.12-1.7m) Fresnel : possibly extendable to MIR

- cost > 600M€ - smaller concepts possibly in the range of an M class

objectives : - Earth like planets- habitable zone

=> 2 projects funded by NASA (1M$) for review at decadal survey : NWO, XPC

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