meep (aradippou) environmental study
TRANSCRIPT
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,
25 2014
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...
AOZ
TE
..
NORM Naturally-Occurring Radioactive Material
TENORM Technologically-Enhanced Naturally-Occurring Radioactive Material
PM Particulate Matter
x Nitrogen Oxides
PSLs Product Service Lines
BP British Petroleum
ENI Ente Nazionale Idrocarburi
TSP Total Suspended Particles
ppm Parts per Million
ppb Parts per Billion
UNCCD United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification
CBD Convention on Biological Diversity
MSDS Material Safety Data Sheets
OSHA Occupational Safety & Health Administration
UNEP United Nations Environment Programme
LTOBM Low Toxicity Oil Based Mud
EPA Environment Protection Agency (USA)
LED Light Emitting Diodes
-
/
( )
.
(1) /o , 34
( ), 36-39 ( ) ( 31, /: 50/06.W1) LOGISTICO
PARKLTD HALLIBURTON
26, 27, 28 .
28 ( 375) ( 31, /: 50/06.W1) Geisel (SCYL
LTD) SCHLUMBERGER
.
:
(
) (SCHLUMBERGER)
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2011). (2011),
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( ) ,
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,
HALLIBURTON SCHLUMBERGER
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( ),
.
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.
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(monitoring and reporting)
(NORMs)
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1
1.1 1
1.2 2
1.3 - 2
1.4 3
1.5 4
1.6 4
1.7 4
1.8 5
1.8.1 5
1.8.2 8
1.8.3 9
1.9 9
1.10 13
2
2.1 14
2.2
14
2.3 14
2.4 15
2.5 15
2.6 16
2.7 18
2.8 18
2.9 - 19
2.10 19
2.11 19
2.12 20
2.13 20
2.13.1 20
2.13.2 20
2.13.3 21
2.13.4 21
2.14 22
2.15 23
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/
3
3.1 27
3.2 27
3.3 28
3.3.1 29
3.3.2 ( ) 30
3.3.3 35
3.3.4 & 35
3.3.5 36
3.3.6 36
3.4 36
3.4.1 & 36
3.4.2 / 44
3.4.2.1 44
3.4.2.2 45
3.4.2.2.1 45
3.4.2.2.2 47
3.4.2.2.3 52
3.4.2.3 - 52
3.4.2.4 - 54
3.4.3 55
4 ( )
4.1 56
4.2 56
5 ( )
5.1 71
5.2 71
6 ,
6.1 88
6.2 , 88
6.2 91
93
-
1:
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ge 1
1
1.1
/o .
,
LOGISTICO PARKLTD (HALLIBURTON) SCYL LTD (SCHLUMBERGER)
1 ( ),
/o
,
, 26, 27, 28, 28 (
375) 34, 36-39 ( 31, /: 50/06.W1).
2005 (. 140()/2005). .
(18/06/2014)
(SCYL LTD/SCHLUMBERGER), A
, 1 (
), / .
16/07/2014
.
HALLIBURTON, .
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,
26, 27, 28 28 34 ( 31, /: 50/06.W1).
1.2
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1.3
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(www.cut.ac.cy)
1.4
LOGISTICO PARK LTD SCYL LTD HALLIBURTON
SCHLUMBERGER, .
BP, EXXON, NOBBLE, ENI, TOTAL
..,
HALLIBURTON SCHLUMBERGER,
( ), , ,
.
SCHLUMBERGER ,
,
. 126.000 140
85 . , SCHLUMBERGER
.
HALLIBURTON 1919
. 80.000
, 140 80 ,
(upstream)
-
, ,
(through the life of the field). Halliburton 13
(Product Service Lines, PSLs). PSLs
: & , & .
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1.5
O , 12 2014
,
()
/ , .
.
1.6
:
i.
.
ii.
140(I)/2005 .
iii.
/
.
iv. , ,
,
.
,
140(I)/2005.
1.7
((. 140()/2005),
, .
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i.
.
ii. ,
.
iii. . ,
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...
iv.
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1.8
1.8.1
2005 (. 140()/2005,
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( )
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1.1: () LOGISTICO PARK LTD (HALLIBURTON) () SCYL LTD (SCHLUMBERGER) .
,
, .
:
i. ( )
ii. (
)
iii. ( ,
,
, )
iv. (
, ,
)
v. ( , )
vi. ( ,
)
vii. ( ,
)
viii. ( )
ix. (
, )
x. (Google satellite images)
xi.
( )
() ()
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xii. ( , ,
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..., 6
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1.8.2
(LOGISTICO PARK LTD SCYL LTD)
26, 27, 28 28 34,
( 1.2).
1.2: () LOGISTICO PARK LTD (HALLIBURTON) () SCYL LTD (SCHLUMBERGER) .
()
()
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1:
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,
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1.8.3
() .
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(. 140()/2005),
( 2001/42/EK)
()
( , ,
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140(I)/2005 ( . . .(I), .4055, 2/12/2005).
. .
3. (1) (2) (4),
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. (2)
: ()
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()
:
http://www.moa.gov.cy/moa/environment/environment.nsf/All/336EB5905256A5BFC225794C0037F28B
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,
.
.
(),
(),
, ,
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2005 (. 140()/2005), ,
()
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( ).
,
,
,
,
,
.
,
.
1.1.
1.1: .
/
1. (. 185()2011)
2. ( ) 2003 (... 160/2003)
3. 2002 (. 215(I)/2002)
-
1:
/
Pa
ge 11
4. 2004 (. 13 ()/2004)
5. 2002 (N. 106(I)/2002, .. 99/2000 & 45/1996)
6. ( ) (... 772/2003)
7. ( ) 2001 (... 8/2001)
8. ( ) (... 513/2002)
9. ( ) (... 508/2002)
10. , 2003 (N. 56()/2003)
11. (. 187()2002) 85()/2007, 10()/2008)
12. 2002 (. 188()/2002 & T.: 53()/2004, 161()/2005, 54()/2004, 17()/2007, 77()/2010).
13. ( ) 2010 (... 32/2010)
14. 2010 (.77()/2010)
15. ( , , , , , ) 2010 (... 327/2010)
16. ( ) () 2012 (... 25/2012)
17. 1979 () 2004 (. 40()/2004)
18. 1979 () 2006 (. 5()/2006)
19. 1979 , () 2007 (. 14()/2007)
20. 2004
-
1:
/
Pa
ge 12
(. 224()2004)
21. ( ) 2006 (... 317/2006)
22. (78()/2010)
23. (, ) 2010 (... 324/2010)
24. (. 29()/2004)
25. . 54 1970 2013 (21 1970, 95() 2003, 19() 2005, 109() 2009, 109() 2010, 178() 2013)
26. 1996 2011
27. 2000 (... 212/2000)
28. ( ) 2001 (... 268/2001)
29. ( ) 2001 (... 444/2001)
30. ( ) 2001 (... 470/2001)
31. ( ) 2007 (... 531/2007)
32. (. 33()2003)
33. 2011 (. 110/2011)
34. (. 32()/2002)
35. 2004 (. 119()/2004)
36. 2003 (. 152()/2003 & 81()/2005)
37. O 2003 (.153()/2003) 2006 (. 131()/2006)
38 2002, 2009 2011 (. 115()/2002, . 8()/2009, . 127()/2011)
-
1:
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1.10
:
i. ,
ii. ,
iii. .
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( ).
7.5 Km (
) .
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1.2:
(//)(1)
(///)(2)
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//
- ()
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///N 400 m
// -
() /N
200 m 5 Km
&
// -
& /// 100 m
// - (
) / 7.5 Km
// -
- ///N 7.5 Km
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7.5 m
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2
2.1
(,
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2.2
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,
42.982
20.000 .
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2.3
.
1,
/ .
-
2:
/
Pa
ge 15
26, 27, 28, 28 ( ), 34, 36-39 ( 31, /: 50.06.W1) ( :
) ( 2.1).
2.1: (GoogleEarth) LOGISTICO PARK LTD (HALLIBURTON) SCYL LTD (SCHLUMBERGER)
2.4
2011 1
/ ( : 2011 -
).
2.5
100 m (
), ,
( : ) ( 2.2).
.
-
2:
/
Pa
ge 16
2.2: (GoogleEarth), LOGISTICO PARK LTD (HALLIBURTON) SCYL LTD (SCHLUMBERGER)
2.6
()
. ,
2011
,
1.35 Km ,
3 Km (), , 2.5
Km . ,
, 1100 Km
-
2:
/
Pa
ge 17
.
5.5 7.5 Km, ( 2.3).
2.3: (GoogleEarth), ( HALLIBURTON SCHLUMBERGER) () , () , () , () .
() ()
() ()
-
2:
/
Pa
ge 18
2.7
, , , ( 2.4).
2.4:
2.8 /
( 2.5).
2.5:
-
2:
/
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ge 19
2.9
,
( ),
.
.
.
2.10
, ,
, :
(
), Natura 2000,
( ),
(Desertificarion-UNCCD),
(Ramsar),
(CBD),
(. 131()/2006 .153()/2003) ( :
2011 ).
, :
i. (Natura 2000 SCI CY6000006), 3 Km
ii. ( Ramsar Natura 2000 SCI/SPA CY6000002), 4 Km .
( 4).
2.11
,
.
.
-
2:
/
Pa
ge 20
2.12
( 2.1)
.
(. 224()2004).
2.1: (dB) ( 1: 08:30, 2: 14:30, 3: 21:30)
ALLIBURTON SCHLUMBERGER
1 2 3 1 2 3
56.2-63.1 58.4 64.3 43.7 - 45.2 56.2 58.4 50.6 54.4 44.8 - 46.6
2.13
2.13.1
,
.
, , , ,
.
,
, ,
.
40 m ( : ,
).
2.13.2
CY2 ( ) CY18 ( /
). CY2 CY18
.
-
2:
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ge 21
( :
).
2.13.3
. ,
.
( 3),
(AgR = 0.25),
.
, 3
( : ).
2.13.4
.
.
,
.
.
.
.
, (EC)
pH .
(EC=4 mS/cm) pH (>8),
( : ).
-
2:
/
Pa
ge 22
2.14
. , ,
, 7 km
.
(
: , : 731 - 4046, :
34o53, : 33o38, : 1m)
( , ,
, , ) .
,
2002 -2013.
5.8 hrs/day 13 hrs/day
9.3 hrs/day. ,
.
08:00 1:00 ,
48% ( ) 76% ( ),
(Reltive Humidity) 64% 53%
08:00 1:00 ,
20.2 C.
2.3 ( ) 37.3 C ( ).
40.7 C ( ),
0.6 oC ().
29.5 353.8 mm, (
: 343.5 mm).
4.0 m/s,
.
.
2002-2011.
-
2:
/
Pa
ge 23
2.2: () 2002-2011
2.15
2002 (. 188()/2002 & T.: 53()/2004, 161()/2005, 54()/2004, 17()/2007, 77()/2010)
.
() ,
, ,
( 2.2).
,
-
2:
/
Pa
ge 24
.
2.3: SO2, NO2, NO, CO, PM10 Pb
(g/m3)
1
, SO2
1 (2) 350 43% 2005
, SO2
24 (2) 125 - 2005
, SO2
(3)
20 - 2001
, NO2
1 (2) 200 50% 2010
, NO2
(2) 40 50% 2010
, NO
(4) 30 - 2010
, CO
8 max(2) 10 2 g/m(3)(5) 2005
, PM10
24 (2) 50 (50) 50 (0) 2005 (2010)
, PM10
1 (2) 40 (20) 20 (20) 2005 (2010)
, Pb 1 (2) 0.5 0.2 g/m3 2005 (2010)
(1)
(2) (3) , : 1 31
(4)
(56) g/m3 13 , 1 2003 12 2 g/m3
0% 1 2005
.
( 2.4-2.7),
. ,
-
2:
/
Pa
ge 25
.
2.4: (ppb) HALLIBURTON SCHLUMBERGER Duvas Technologies D1000 ( 1: 08:30, 2: 14:30, 3: 21:30)
ALLIBURTON SCHLUMBERGER
1 2 3 .O 1 2 3 .O
SO2 3 3 4 3.3 3 0 2 1.7
NO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
NO2 87 52 151 96 72 46 162 93
OZO 92 76 144 104 76 88 143 102
BEN 17 15 45 25 18 15 51 28
TOL 35 36 25 32 39 34 36 36
ETH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
XYL 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
NH3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
H2S 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2.5: (ppm) (CO2) (CO) CO2 Meter Modelo CO250 Air quality AQ200, ( 1: 08:30, 2: 14:30, 3: 21:30)
ALLIBURTON SCHLUMBERGER
1 2 3 .O 1 2 3 .O
CO2 636 599 573 603 591 596 577 588
CO
-
2:
/
Pa
ge 26
2.7: (counts) (/L) ( 1: 08:30, 2: 14:30, 3: 21:30)
ALLIBURTON SCHLUMBERGER
1 2 3 . 1 2 3 .
0,5: 9182 7155 7264 7867 7535 8281 6594 7470
1,0: 2354 3091 1501 2315 1966 3995 1534 2498
5,0: 133 293 81 169 89 526 83 232
10,0: 26 57 16 33 15 109 13 45
,
,
. ,
. ,
(worst-case scenario),
.
-
3:
/
Pa
ge 27
3
3.1
.
,
.
HALLIBURTON SCHLUMBERGER
, . ,
2 ( )
HALLIBURTON, SCHLUMBERGER.
3.2
HALLIBURTON SCHLUMBERGER,
/ ,
ENI, NOBLE TOTAL. ,
,
,
.
,
.
-
3:
/
Pa
ge 28
3.3
(3)
:
( & ) Logistico Park Ltd
HALLIBURTON.
( ) Geisel (Scyl Ltd)
SCHLUMBERGER.
( 3.1):
- ,
- ,
- (
),
.
( 3.2.1),
SCHLUMBERGER
HALLIBURTON.
3.1: SCHLUMBERGER
HALLIBURTON /
/ &
-
3:
/
Pa
ge 29
3.3.1
SCHLUMBERGER HALLIBURTON
( )
.
. (HALLIBURTON)
(SCHLUMBERGER) 300 m
( 3.2).
3.2: (GoogleEarth)
HALLIBURTON ( ) SCHLUMBERGER ( )
,
SCHLUMBERGER HALLIBURTON .
.
3.1:
HALLIBURTON ( ) SCHLUMBERGER ( )
./ /
34/31 50/06.W1
36-39/31 50/06.W1
26,27,28,28A/31 50/06.W1
-
3:
/
Pa
ge 30
3.3.2
HALLIBURTON ( )
SCHLUMBERGER ( ) :
HALLIBURTON :
1366 m2 (
51 m. 27 m.) 2452 m2.
, , ( 1100 m2.)
, , (
100 m2). ,
212 m3 ,
30 min.
, .
.
.
( 3.3).
, 100 m2.
( ). ,
1% )
.
60 m2.
-
3:
/
Pa
ge 31
3.3: () () (HALLIBURTON : )
HALLIBURTON :
, 2 ( 3.4 3.5) 8,75 m.
4011 m. 3469 m2 ( 92 m 38 m)
1 542 m2. 37 .
12844 m2.
,
. ,
::
- (Completion and Tools Area) ,
, ,
- (WPS Area) ,
,
- (Completion and Tools Area):
, ,
-
3:
/
Pa
ge 32
forklift
.
- : , .
- : -
.
- : .
- .
- , .
, , ,
. , ,
, .
3.4: (HALLIBURTON : )
3.5: (HALLIBURTON : )
-
3:
/
Pa
ge 33
SCHLUMBERGER:
87 m 90 m. ( 3.6),
13 m. 7723 m2.
(6728 m2), 405 m2
590 m2 . ( 3.7)
980 m2. (2)
(calibration)
(Pressure Test Bay).
3.5: SCHLUMBERGER :
-
3:
/
Pa
ge 34
3.7: (SCHLUMBERGER),
. 23 m.
( 3.6)
1000 Kg, (sandbags)
3.8. ,
( 1,1 m 1,4 m) 5 Kg
( 3.9).
3.8: , (SCHLUMBERGER: )
3.9: (SCHLUMBERGER: )
-
3:
/
Pa
ge 35
3.3.3 ( )
B (HALLIBURTON) (SCHLUMBERGER)
,
, :
- (Pressure Control Chamber/Pressure Test Bay) -
, , ,
.
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .. , .
- .. .
- .
- /.
- .
- , .
3.3.4
HALLIBURTON
SCHLUMBERGER .
, .
SCHLUMBERGER
2.5 m (13 m). ,
SCHLUMBERGER
/ .
,
. ,
.
-
3:
/
Pa
ge 36
3.3.5
.
3.4
3.4.1 &
, HALLIBURTON
SCHLUMBERGER
.
, HALLIBURTON SCHLUMBERGER
/ ,
.
ENI-Kogas. , HALLIBURTON
,
, SCHLUMBERGER
.
, / :
i. /
.
ii.
.
iii. .
iv.
.
(drilling fluids), (cement
slurry) (completion fluids)
/
HALLIBURTON SCHLUMBERGER:
HALLIBURTON: 2 ( ),
:
i. , , .
(Mud plant ) :
-
3:
/
Pa
ge 37
(, ),
,
, ,
, , .
,
.
HALLIBURTON
ENI
:
Potassium Hydroxide-Solid CAUSTIC SODA pH (pH
control),
EZ SPOT (Pipe release Agent) ,
BDF - 514 (Fluid Loss Additive),
STARCIDE (Bactericide) ,
(Liquid Nitrogen),
(Bentonite),
(Barite),
(Cement)
(Salt).
HALLIBURTON
. (Material Safety Data Sheets, MSDS)
3.1
.
, 3.1
( 98/24/EK Occupational Safety & Health
Administration - OSHA).
3.1 (Flammable)
(Explosive).
(Corrosive), (Hazardous to the
Environment), (Skin Irritation)
(Carcinogen). ,
-
3:
/
Pa
ge 38
(Health & Safety Measures),
( 5).
800 m3 (20),
(1000 m3).
4.000
.
4 . ,
16.000 .
HALLIBURTON ,
-
,
Mud-plant .
- .
(Mud-Plant).
- .
.
,
.
- .
HALLIBURTON,
,
,
, . :
o
40
(forklift)
,
. (
).
-
3:
/
Pa
ge 39
3.1:
HALLIBURTON
-
3:
/
Pa
ge 40
o 1%
(.. forklift)
.
o 350 .. ,
350 .. ,
.
( sprinklers) -
,
,
.
,
.
o H
,
.
o
( ), ,
, ,
, ,
( ).
.
o
,
.
o
Halliburton,
UNEP Storage of Hazardous Materials: A Technical Guide for
Safe Warehousing of Hazardous Materials.
-
3:
/
Pa
ge 41
o
.
o ,
, , ,
,
.
ii.
.
:
i.
, .
,
( 10 m )
, .
,
HALLIBURTON ,
.
,
.
.
/
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. ,
, ,
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,
,
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3:
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ge 42
, , ,
,
, ,
,
.
ii.
( ).
.
HALLIBURTON ,
-
.
- ( )
.
1-2 tn,
.
- ,
. ,
( ).
- (
) .
,
.
-
,
.
12
-
HALLIBURTON .
- (sealed sources) ,
Cs137 ( 74 GBq), -, Am241Be ( 703 GBq).
- HALLIBURTON
(170 )
,
-
3:
/
Pa
ge 43
2002 2001.
,
, ,
,
.
iii. .
HALLIBURTON ,
( )
( ),
(.. ).
iv. ,
v. .
vi. .
,
,
(
3.4.2).
vii.
SCHLUMBERGER ( ). :
i. :
o (
HALLIBURTON).
SCHLUMBERGER ,
( 2 12 )
.
o
SCHLUMBERGER ,
.
.
-
3:
/
Pa
ge 44
o .
SCHLUMBERGER ,
( 1.4)
.
( ).
( )
.
,
SCHLUMBERGER. ,
(110m) , (7)
( 14)
15m.
SCHLUMBERGER 1.4D 1.4S (
: .
).
1200 Kg.
.
,
.
ii. , , ,
.
( HALLIBURTON )
3.4.2 &
3.4.2.1
HALLIBURTON SCHLUMBERGER,
/ .
HALLIBURTON SCHLUMBERGER
(
).
-
3:
/
Pa
ge 45
. , :
- ,
.
-
.
, ,
.
.
3.4.2.2
3.4.2.2.1
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1
OutputSymbolsAbstractContentsChapter 1Chapter 2Chapter 3Chapter 4(1)Chapter 4(2)Chapter 5(1)Chapter 5(2)Chapter 6Appendices