medicine to survive - amcitorino.it · il potenziamento biologico ... il sé viene alla mente a....
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La tecnologia al servizio dell’uomo:
Vivere “ di più” , Vivere “ meglio “ :
il potenziamento biologico Dott.Franco Molteni Ospedale Valduce Villa Beretta Costa Masnaga (Lecco )
Medicine
to survive
Medicine
for Survivors
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The triumphs of biomedical research are real and obvious
nonetheless
we move into an era
of chronic disease
Human Values in Health Care R.A.Wright 1987
Patients expect better outcomes
Aging population
Increased spending on healthcare
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I information /integration
C communication/community
T technology/transfer
Health Care Resources
Hospital Costing-Based
System
Patient Care Needs
Performance Measurement
AHPM (Patients)
STAKEHOLDER PERSPECTIVE
Healthcare Structures
Care Givers
Local Governments
Healthcare System
Supplier
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Genomics
Connectomics
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GENETICA
EPIGENETICA
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CA8 Mutations Cause a Novel Syndrome
charactherized by Ataxia and Mild Mental Retardation
witn Predisposition to Quadrupedal Gait Turkmen S et al Plos One 2009
COMPLEX ADAPTIVE SYSTEM
DYNAMIC NETWORKS
ACTION AND INTERACTIONS
INTERACTIONS ARE NON LINEAR
ADAPTIVE: CHANGES AS A RESULTS
Of EXPERIENCE
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Neurophenomenology
Action versus
Interaction
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Left/Right Hemisphere Specialization
• Analytic thought – Step by step process
• Logic – Conclusions based upon a
logical or consecutive order
• Language – Using words to
name/describe/define
• Math & Science – Number use, awareness of
time, symbols, facts & linear reasoning
• Holistic thought – Seeing “big” picture before
understanding details
• Intuition – Insight based upon incomplete
patterns or “hunches”
• Creativity – Demonstrative with minimal
word use, understanding relationships
• Art & Music – Putting pieces together to
form “wholes”
LEFT RIGHT
Lesson Outline
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EMBODIMENT
A tangible or visible form
of an idea,quality or feeling
Humans perceive ‘feelings’
from the body that provide
a sense of their physical condition
and underlie mood and emotional state
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STRUCTURAL COUPLING
HYSTORICAL EMBODIMENT
PHYSICAL EMBODIMENT
“ORGANISMOID” EMBODIMENT
ORGANISMIC EMBODIMENT
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Motor cortex low frequency stimulation:
(pt: M.C.) Dystonia pattern at baseline or after 12
months of bilateral GPi-HFS
6 months after chronic right motor-cortex stimulation
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Placement
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Technical Features: 4 Electric Motors (2 hip, 2 knee) 2 Lithium Ion Batteries (48 V) Height range: 150-190 cm Maximum weight: 100 kg Maximum hip width: 46 cm 23 kg in Weight Multiple sensors and gyroscopes in the legs and torso to assist in balance and
walking
Walking is achieved by the user’s weight shifts to activate sensors in the device which initiate steps. Battery-powered motors drive the legs, replacing deficient
neuromuscular function.
Having a body
versus
Moving your body:
neural signature of agency and
body ownership
Tsakiris M et al
Neuropsychologia 2010
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Neural Interface Technology
for
Rehabilitation:
Exploiting and Promoting Neural
Plasticity
EXERCISE
NEUROMODULATION
PLASTICITY
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COMPLEX ADAPTIVE SYSTEM
DYNAMIC NETWORKS
ACTION AND INTERACTIONS
INTERACTIONS ARE NON LINEAR
ADAPTIVE: CHANGES AS A RESULTS
Of EXPERIENCE
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Technical Features: 4 Electric Motors (2 hip, 2 knee) 2 Lithium Ion Batteries (48 V) Height range: 150-190 cm Maximum weight: 100 kg Maximum hip width: 46 cm 23 kg in Weight Multiple sensors and gyroscopes in the legs and torso to assist in balance and
walking
Walking is achieved by the user’s weight shifts to activate sensors in the device which initiate steps. Battery-powered motors drive the legs, replacing deficient
neuromuscular function.
Tetra completo C6 (motorio e sensitivo) Asia A
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Battery & Controller
Pack
Actuation Unit Body Interface
Tilt Sensor
Force Sensors
User Wireless Mode Selector
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Deambulazione con Ekso
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Epigenetics
Short term potentiation
Long term potentiation
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Neural Interface Technology
for
Rehabilitation:
Exploiting and Promoting Neural
Plasticity
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Treatment of phantom limb pain (PLP) based on
augmented reality and gaming controlled by myoelectric pattern recognition:
a case study of a chronic PLP patient
Ortiz-Catalan M et al Frontiers in Neuroscience February 2014
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Evolutionary
Revolutionary
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Disruptive
Technologies
We are all robots when uncritically involved
with our technologies
Marshall McLuhan
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Reality Mining
Data Mining
Reality Meaning
Outcome Measures
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Entrare nella vita
del paziente
standone fuori
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Designed principles for biologically inspired
cognitive robotics
Krichmar JL Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architecture 2012
Brain Computer Interface
Brain – Brainy Computer
ECoG Electrocorticography
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Emotive qualities in Robot Speech
… Kismet expresses itself through multiple
modalities,not just through voice . We already found that Kismet’s facial expression and body posture help to resolve the ambiguities
encountered through voice alone Cynthia Breazeal MIT Media Lab
INTELLLIGENZA ARTIFICIALE
CLOUD
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Health will be a key driver
of robotics adoption in the future at the same time machine that surpass
humans’ ability to perform specific medical tasks will expand
health care options beyond current limits
We will continue to fund research whose results
help create better living conditions for everyone on this planet and
research that helps us to better understand ourselves and the world we live in.
Both go hand in hand – and robots should take their fair share in this ICT landscape
Neelie Kroes Commissioner European ICT Funding
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The Meaning of the Body Aesthetics of Human Understanding ..what we call “mind” and what we call “body” are not two things,but rather aspects of one organic process. Chief among those aesthetics dimensions are qualities,images,patterns of sensorimotor processes, and emotions
Mark Johson The University of Chicago Press 2007
Di fronte all’estremo T. Todorov L’Invenzione della Verità Bruno de Finetti Il senso delle cose R.P. Feynman Sull’orlo della scienza I Lakatos I martedi’ con il professore M.Albom La statua interiore F.Jacob Cosa vuole la tecnologia K. Kelly Il sé viene alla mente A. Damasio Enaction J. Stewart Connectome S. Seung Il crollo della mente bicamerale J . Jaynes