MECHANISMS MECHANISMS TO DEVELOP TO DEVELOP

NATIONAL UNITYNATIONAL UNITY IN MALAYSIA IN MALAYSIA

GROUP 9GROUP 9

RUKUNEGARA

EDUCATION

FESTIVALS

CULTURE

LANGUAGE

NATIONAL SERVICE

WAYS TO DEVELOP

NATIONAL UNITY

HISTORY First proposed in late 2001, brought to committee the

next year and finally brought to action in 2003

The rationale for National Service was to bond the youth of Malaysia together and create a Malaysian nation, as the problem of racial polarisation was found to pervade educational institutions in Malaysia.

BACKGROUND TO THE ETHNIC PROBLEM OF MALAYA

Under British colonial rule the ethnic Malay population was encouraged to concentrate on subsistence agriculture, serving in the military, or working as civil servants.

Ethnic Chinese were already present in what is now Malaysia and usually worked in the commercial sector. More Chinese were brought in to work on the rubber plantations and in the tin mines.

When Chinese were found to be unsuitable for this sort of indentured labour, and unwilling to work under close supervision, they were replaced by Indians.

Malaysia still retains a degree of separation in the economy. Malays still dominate the government and the security forces such as the army and police force. The Chinese are mainly focused in the private sector. Non-Muslim Indians remain the poorest section of Malaysian society.

This has had an impact on the issue of National Service. Some ethnic Malays have not felt they can trust the other communities. Many people from the other communities are reluctant to serve in a Malay-dominated institution like the government bureaucracy, defence force and the police force.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_National_Service

OBJECTIVES OF NS Develop a young generation who are patriotic and with

love for their country Enhance unity among the multi-racial communities

in the country Instill a spirit of caring and volunteerism among society Produce an active, intelligent and confident generation Develop positive characteristics among the younger

generation through good values

Defence Minister Dato’ Seri Najib Tun Razak;

"This is not a political programme. This is about nation-building. It is to strengthen national unity and

national integration."

Najib said Malaysia's programme would differ from those in other countries, such as neighbouring Singapore, where military training is part of the national defence requirements.

"Ours is designed for nation-building, with about 30 percent military and physical components," he said.

Apart from basic military and firearms training, it will include "patriotic training", character-building and community

service”

This would involve learning about the country's constitution, policies and laws, and working experience with government agencies and non-governmental organisations

The program is split into 4 modules:

Physical Module - Marching, hand to hand combat, Obstacle courses, jungle trekking, survival training and first aid training

Nation Building Module (Kenegaraan) - Classroom based. Nation's history, sovereignty and dignity, Malaysia and international affairs, Defence and National Security and Citizen's responsibility to the nation

MODULES

Character Building Module (Pembinaan Karakter) - Classroom based. It comprise 2 modules. The first one, Module A speaks about Bringing Out The Best In Me while the second module, Module B, relates to Bringing Out The Best In Others. This component is experential based and relies on games and activities as the means of teaching. It is about instilling good values and Self-confidence, leadership and self-evaluation.

Community Service Module (Khidmat Komuniti)- Trainees are sent in groups to places in surrounding areas to give the trainees a chance to serve society. This is about building and restoring public amenities. It also teaches them environmental restoration and protection as well.

We, the people of Malaysia, pledge our united efforts to attain these ends, guided by these principles:

• Belief in God• Loyalty to King and Country• Upholding the Constitution• Sovereignty of the Law, and

• Good Behaviour and Morality”

HISTORY

Proclaimed on August 31, 1970 by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong IV.

Introduce as to unite all the people and to preserve democracy aftermath of May 13, 1969 racial clashes.

THE PLEDGE“Our Nation, Malaysia is dedicated to: Achieving a greater unity for all her people; maintaining a democratic way of

life; creating a just society in which the wealth of the nation shall be equitably distributed; ensuring a liberal approach to

her rich and diverse cultural tradition, and building a progressive society which shall be oriented to modern

science and technology.We, the people of Malaysia, pledge our united efforts to

attain these ends, guided by these principles:

• Belief in God• Loyalty to King and Country• Upholding the Constitution• Sovereignty of the Law, and

• Good Behaviour and Morality”

REVIEW Rukun Negara plays a vital role in strengthening

unity among Malaysians.

Deputy Prime Minister, Dato' Seri Najib Tun Razak said,

“Mutual tolerance among the people is very much needed in a multiracial society like Malaysia”

In his speech read by Information Minister, Dato' Seri Panglima Abdul Kadir Sheikh Fadzir at a Rukun Negara Appreciation Ceremony, Dato' Seri Najib said,

“The five principles of Rukun Negara have strongly bonded the people together. It has been and is guiding Malaysians in moving

towards solidarity”

ISSUE

Do you know the pledge of

Rukun Negara?

When was the last time you recite it?

According to Information Minister, Dato' Seri Panglima Abdul Kadir Sheikh Fadzir

“from the random study of Malaysians, 100% do not know what is Rukun Negara”

(Utusan Malaysia, January 23, 2006)

STEP TAKEN The Information Ministry has therefore launched

the "Rukun Negara appreciation campaign" throughout the country to revive the spirit of Rukun Negara.

Minister of Information, Dato' Seri Kadir Sheikh Fadzir said the Rukun Negara should be practiced by all Malaysians as the spirit is fading fast.

He added that solidarity and political stability can be achieved if all the five principles of Rukun Negara are adhered to

In school…

“our campaign is to revise the philosophical and ideological of Rukun Negara especially in primary school. Rukun Negara are able to

reduce social ills, crime and etc among Malaysians especially students and youth”

“this campaign also to strengthen the unity among all races in Malaysia”

CULTURECULTURE

Malay culture– the base of the national cultureMalay culture– the base of the national cultureIslam – important element in the formulation of Islam – important element in the formulation of the national culturethe national culture

The Malay culture upholds Islamic values i.e The Malay culture upholds Islamic values i.e integrity, honesty, sincerity and good integrity, honesty, sincerity and good neighbourliness, and especially belief in God.neighbourliness, and especially belief in God.

Muslims are brothers, while non Muslims are Muslims are brothers, while non Muslims are

respected as neighbours. respected as neighbours.

The Malay culture places high value on The Malay culture places high value on courtesy, moderation and harmony. courtesy, moderation and harmony.

Harmonious and cordial relations among family Harmonious and cordial relations among family members, neighbours and community, at members, neighbours and community, at national and international levels, are necessary national and international levels, are necessary to promote tolerance and mutual respect for each to promote tolerance and mutual respect for each other’s customs and traditions. other’s customs and traditions.

““Inculcating positive Inculcating positive cultural values among cultural values among

Malaysians”Malaysians”

-RMK 9--RMK 9-

What step has been taken by the government?What step has been taken by the government?

Through campaign:Through campaign:

‘‘BUDI BAHASA BUDAYA KITA’ BUDI BAHASA BUDAYA KITA’

Helps to inculcate and develop national unity.Helps to inculcate and develop national unity.

Respect and honour all human beings Respect and honour all human beings irrespective of their religion, colour, irrespective of their religion, colour, race, sex, language, status, property, race, sex, language, status, property,

birth, profession/jobbirth, profession/joband so on and so on

FESTIVALSFESTIVALS

Hari Raya, Chinese New Year, Deepavali, Hari Raya, Chinese New Year, Deepavali, Christmas, Gawai Day and other auspicious Christmas, Gawai Day and other auspicious occasions are celebrated as important festivals. occasions are celebrated as important festivals.

The government organised Malaysian Open The government organised Malaysian Open Houses to celebrate festivals. Houses to celebrate festivals.

These celebrations reflected the spirit of These celebrations reflected the spirit of national unity and harmony in multicultural national unity and harmony in multicultural Malaysia.Malaysia.

LANGUAGELANGUAGE

BAHASA MELAYUBAHASA MELAYU

National language of the country. National language of the country.

Declared the official language in Malaysia in Declared the official language in Malaysia in 1967 following the passing of the National 1967 following the passing of the National Language Act by Parliament.Language Act by Parliament.

The government promotes the use of the national The government promotes the use of the national language to foster national unity. language to foster national unity.

HOW COULD IT BE HOW COULD IT BE EFFECTIVELY EFFECTIVELY

IMPLEMENTED?IMPLEMENTED?

Making the medium of instruction in schools Making the medium of instruction in schools and institutions of higher learning in the and institutions of higher learning in the country, besides being the official language in country, besides being the official language in government administration. government administration.

HOWEVER….HOWEVER….

The people are free to use their mother tongue The people are free to use their mother tongue and other languages.and other languages.

““Speak in a civilised manner in a Speak in a civilised manner in a language that is recognised by the language that is recognised by the society and is commonly used” society and is commonly used”

Quran (4:5)Quran (4:5)

EDUCATIONEDUCATION

VISION SCHOOLSVISION SCHOOLS

DEFINITIONDEFINITION Primary schools.Primary schools.Concept = children learning together within an Concept = children learning together within an

area without regard for race or religion. area without regard for race or religion. Under this concept, two or three primary schools Under this concept, two or three primary schools

of different streams are placed in the same area.of different streams are placed in the same area.Each school will have its own building which Each school will have its own building which

can be joined to the other schools by a link-way.can be joined to the other schools by a link-way.

www.kpm.edu.govwww.kpm.edu.gov (5 April 2005) (5 April 2005)

EXAMPLESEXAMPLES Pekan Baru Vision School Pekan Baru Vision School

Complex, Parit Buntar, Complex, Parit Buntar, PerakPerak

Taman Aman Vision Taman Aman Vision School Complex, Alor School Complex, Alor Setar, KedahSetar, Kedah

Tasik Permai Vision School Tasik Permai Vision School Complex, Pulau PinangComplex, Pulau Pinang

USJ 15 Vision School USJ 15 Vision School Complex, Subang Jaya, Complex, Subang Jaya, SelangorSelangor

Pundut Vision School Pundut Vision School Complex, Seri Manjung, Complex, Seri Manjung, PerakPerak

HOW VISION SCHOOL (VS) HELPS IN HOW VISION SCHOOL (VS) HELPS IN DEVELOPING NATIONAL UNITY?DEVELOPING NATIONAL UNITY?

VS helps to instil the spirit of integration among VS helps to instil the spirit of integration among pupils of different streams.pupils of different streams.

VS encourages maximum interaction among the VS encourages maximum interaction among the pupils through the sharing of school facilities and pupils through the sharing of school facilities and implementation of other activities in school.implementation of other activities in school.

www.kpm.edu.govwww.kpm.edu.gov (5 April 2005) (5 April 2005)

TEACHER’S ROLETEACHER’S ROLE

WHY TEACHER’S ROLE IS WHY TEACHER’S ROLE IS IMPORTANT?IMPORTANT?

Spends hours with students in schoolSpends hours with students in school

Close with children – 2Close with children – 2ndnd after parents after parents

InfluentialInfluential

Trusted by studentsTrusted by students

1)1) Encourage cooperation among students. Encourage cooperation among students.

Eg: Group activities - each group must have Eg: Group activities - each group must have mix of races. mix of races.

2)2) Have a good relationships with students Have a good relationships with students regards of races - treat all equally.regards of races - treat all equally.

HOW TEACHERS CAN HELP IN HOW TEACHERS CAN HELP IN DEVELOPING NATIONAL UNITY?DEVELOPING NATIONAL UNITY?

3)3) Tell students the uniqueness of each culture. Tell students the uniqueness of each culture.Eg: food, clothes @ dress.Eg: food, clothes @ dress.

4)4) Show and explain the benefits and Show and explain the benefits and importance of unity among races and vice importance of unity among races and vice versa.versa.Eg: May 13.Eg: May 13.

"And we set you up as nations and "And we set you up as nations and tribes so that you may be able to tribes so that you may be able to

recognize each other“recognize each other“

Quran (49:13)Quran (49:13)

DISCUSSIONDISCUSSION

“ “ From your opinion, do you think that From your opinion, do you think that vernacular schools like Indian and vernacular schools like Indian and

Chinese vernacular schools, Chinese vernacular schools, contribute to the disunity among contribute to the disunity among

Malaysian citizens? ”Malaysian citizens? ”

BibliographyBibliography

WORLD WIDE WEBWORLD WIDE WEB1.1. http://english.islamway.com/bindex.php?http://english.islamway.com/bindex.php?

sectionfiltered=article&id=271 sectionfiltered=article&id=271 2.2. http://kpm.edu.govhttp://kpm.edu.gov3.3. http://www.parlimen.gov.my/opindexbi/pdf/http://www.parlimen.gov.my/opindexbi/pdf/

OPDR22062005.pdfOPDR22062005.pdf4.4. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_National_Servicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_National_Service5.5. http://besonline.rtm.net.my http://besonline.rtm.net.my 6.6. http://www.epu.jpm.my/rm9/english/Chapter23.pdfhttp://www.epu.jpm.my/rm9/english/Chapter23.pdf. .

ARTICLESARTICLES1.1. Utusan Malaysia, January 23, 2006Utusan Malaysia, January 23, 2006

GROUP MEMBERSGROUP MEMBERS

o Siti Hafiza Samsuddin Siti Hafiza Samsuddin

o Norhafizah Hanoom bt Ahmad Azman Norhafizah Hanoom bt Ahmad Azman Khan Khan

o Fatimah Mohd ZainFatimah Mohd Zain