Brain Waves Department of Mechanical Engineering

JEPPIAAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Chennai www.jeppiaarinstitute.org

Inside this issue:

ASME Activities in JIT 1

Upcoming Events 3

Modern Welding's 4

Flying Lab 6

Shifting Gears 7

Smart Cities 8

Wearable Technology 10

Editorial Board 12

Mech Communities

Volume 1, Issue 3 January 2015

Greeting to all ASME Guru’s!!! It’s a great privilege to our institution that our

college Go-Kart Team “ARMAGEDDON” successfully cleared the Virtual round of

National Kart Racing Championship held in Indore and fabricated a stylish &

powerful kart ready for their final round to be held on January 23-25 at RPM

International Kart Racing Circuit, Bhopal. Team ARMAGEDDON is equipped with 14

auto intellectuals of our institution headed by R.Jaganath accompanied with

S.Arul Kumaran, V.Ashly Stephens, S.Vignesh, S.Manivannan, B.Arjun Balaji, S.Abdul

Basith, M.Ranganathan of final year Mechanical and V.Anish, R.Niranjan Kumar,

R.Vinodha, J.Deepak Melwani, N.V.Hariharan and G.Karthigeyan of III year

Mechanical Engineering. Team ARMAGEDDON has presented their virtual’s on 20 &

21 September, 2014 at IES IPS Academy, Indore and ranked first in their

presentation out of 120 colleges participated overall in India. Congratulations to

V.Anish, R.Niranjan Kumar, J.Deepak Melwani & N.V.Hariharan for taking our college

name to the peak with their scrupulous presentation.

Let’s Go Kart!!!

1. American Society of

Mechanical Engineers

2. Institution of Civil

Engineers

3. Institution of Engineering

and Technology

4. International Federation of

Automatic Control

5. Motor Industry Research

Association

6. Society of Automotive

Engineers

7. Society of Motor Manufac-

turers and Traders.

8. SciTech Connect

The initial point of design process started with the driver ergonomics and adding to it was safety and cost effectiveness. A tentative

design was made tailoring to the initial target values. Then further changes were made to the design considering the driver s itting virtu-

ally inside an assumed model and finally modified. The design was done under newer constraints and real time simulations were done to

analyze the systems. TQM tools and Design tools were used to validate the final output.

S.no Technical description Specification

1 Dimensions

Overall length

Overall width

Overall height

1935 mm 1280 mm

547 mm

2 Motor 2 pole, PMDC, 48 V, 800 W

3 Drive Train Continuously variable trans-

mission CVT– Chain sprocket

ratio 0.76 SCOOTY PEP

4 Frame Material

ASTM A106 -Grade B

5 Material Properties Yield strength = 303 MPa

Carbon = 0.3 %

Density=7700Kg/m3

6 Weight 175 kg

7 Steering Ackerman steering Ratio =

1:1

8 Brakes Disc Brakes Calipers – Royal

Enfield & Honda Unicorn

Disc– TVS Apache

Master Cylinder – Maruti

Omni

9 Tyre Specifications 10*4.5-5 Inch MRF Tyres

10 Ground Clearance 5.12 Inch

11 Turning Radius 2.3 meters

12 Maximum Speed 90 kmph

13 Torque and Power 9.8 Nm &

8.58hp @7,000 rpm

14 Stopping Distance 5.24 meters

INNOVATION

The innovation made in this

kart is the implementation of

Ratchet and Paul mechanism

in the rear axle and that

helps to hinder the reverse

motion of the kart

particularly in a slope

surface.

Page 2 Brain Waves- The Mechanical Newsletter

Upcoming Events of ASME

1. National Level Technical Symposium “AGRONA-2015” is going to be held in Jeppiaar Institute of Technology will

be conducted by ASME Student Chapter and Department of Mechanical Engineering.

2. National Conference on Promising Research and Innovation in Mechanical Engineering “ PRIME-2015” on 25th

February 2015 will be conducted and organized by ASME Student Chapter and Department of Mechanical Engineering.

A Journal Victory

Our department students Prabhu.S (IV year) Caleb Eugen.V (IV year) Anish.Y (III year) had participated in National

conference "Advance and Innovation in Civil and Mechanical engineering (AICME 2014)" held at Vel tech high tech

Dr.Rangarajan Dr.Shakunthala Engineering College, Avadi, Chennai. They presented the paper titled "Experimental In-

vestigation of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties for single pass TIG welding with mg-li Alloy" and they

won the second place on overall paper submitted and have won cash prize. In accordance to this their paper was pub-

lished in the Conference Proceeding vol3.ISBN:978-81-924827-0-5,Pg.no 135 and published the paper in an International

Journal named "IOSRD- International Journal of Engineering vol.1 ISS.1Pg.no21-25

ISSN-2394-238X

Our student Arul kumaran.S (IV year) has presented a paper titled “Performance study on preheated mustard oil

methyl ester in naturally aspirated CI Engine” in the International Conference on Sustainable Energy Resources,

Materials and Technologies (ISERMAT 2015) held on Jan 08-09, 2015 at SSN College of Engineering and won

“Excellent Oral Presentation Award”

Page 4

W elding is a fundamental technology in the fabrication and repair of virtually all structures in the offshore industry, whether they be above or below sea level, or

onshore. It is an enabling technology without which the offshore industry (and many other industries) could not operate at its present level of sophistication, and yet welding technology often sits in the background, taken for granted as a mature and established technology. Like most technologies, it is

developing steadily over time, allowing new benefits in terms of what can be achieved, and in terms of process economics.

This news seeks to review some of the recent developments in a selection of welding processes which may have potential for use

in the offshore industry. Those chosen are:

1. Advanced Arc welding 2. Friction Stir Welding

3. Laser Welding

Advanced arc welding Arc welding continues to be the preferred welding method for the manufacture of offshore structures, pipelines and process equipment. Different process techniques and welding consumables are available to suit the requirements of arrange of offshore applications. The ability to operate on-site is also a major advantage. Whilst no fundamentally new arc welding techniques have emerged in recent years, there have been significant developments focused on improving

process efficiency and productivity together with the facilitation of increased welding automation.

Friction Stir Welding Friction stir welding was first developed at TWI in 1991. Initially, it was seen as a process solely for aluminium, and of

limited interestto the offshore industry, but this viewpoint has now changed. Much research has been undertaken

worldwide to develop the process for steels and other high strength corrosion resistant alloys, for example nickel and titanium alloys. For butt welds, a rotating cylinder is pushed against the surface of the weld. This cylinder is attached to a pin which penetrates almost the en-tire depth of the weld. Rotation under pressure causes the development of frictional heat, which softens the workpiece material to the point

where it can flow. At this point, the rotating tool is moved along the joint line, and the softened material in front of the tool is extruded between the pin of the tool and the cold material on one side of the pin. During this process, the interface is completely fragmented, and so a solid phase joint is formed behind the tool.

Modern Welding Techniques by M.Shree Saravanan (IV year)

Brain Waves- The Mechanical Newsletter

Page 5 Volume 1, Issue 3

The process has the advantage of being fully mechanized, therefore weld quality is reliable and repeatable, and no

filler metal is required. However, an inert shielding gas is strongly recommended for welding steels. The process is

entirely solid state, so hot cracking, porosity etc. are not encountered. The process is also very energy efficient, and

produces no fume, spatter or radiation. The principal disadvantages are the need for control of fit-up (although

perfection is not required), and the need for more substantial fixturing than is common in other processes, due to the

high process forces. The exit hole left by the rotating probe can be a problem on closed loop welds (e.g.

c i r c u m f e r e n t i a l w e l d s ) b u t t h e r e a r e m e t h o d s f o r d e a l i n g w i t h t h i s .

Laser Welding

Due to the narrow, deep penetration weld produced, laser welding

offers several advantages:

high joining rates

low consumable costs

a reproducible, machine tool welding process

low manning levels

.Two main types of laser have been used industrially for welding

thick section steel - CO 2 gas lasers and Nd:YAG solid-state lasers.

CO 2 lasers generate light in the infrared regime at a wavelength of

10.6µm and are available at power levels up to about 45kW. The light

is transmitted from the laser to the work piece by a system of mir-

rors, before being focused to a small spot for welding. This type of

laser is now being used in European shipyards for different aspects

of ship fabrication, where the reduced distortion enables the costs

associated with rework to be dramatically reduce.

Nd:YAG lasers, in contrast, generate light at a wavelength of 1.06µm,

which is also in the infrared regime, but can be transmitted by a

fiber-optic cable. This is a major advantage, as it enables the com-

plex set of mirrors used for the beam path of a CO 2 laser to be re-

placed by a simple fiber and welding head that can be mounted on a

w e l d i n g r o b o t .

Page 6

Emissions from energy production, industry, transportation, agriculture, and biogas combustion pollute the air and contaminate the

atmosphere. To predict the impact of human activity on the climate as accurately as possible and to refine existing climate models, researchers at the Institute of Energy and Climate Research at Forschungszentrum Jülich are carrying out observations and measurements at various altitude ranges of the atmosphere.

They are using different flight platforms with specially developed, highly sensitive instruments for measuring gaseous, liquid, and solid components of the air. One of these "flying labs" is a Zeppelin NT, which has unique flight characteristics: it can float slowly, hover in the air, ascend and descend vertically, and fly for up to 24 hours. These features make it possible to study the very reactive

chemical elements of the lower troposphere. In May 2012, as part of the E.U. project PEGASOS, the Zeppelin NT

e m b a r k e d o n i t s b i g g e s t m u l t i n a t i o n a l s c i e n t i f i c m i s s i o n t h u s f a r . The long-distance German research aircraft HALO, on the other hand, collects data from the lower stratosphere and upper troposphere. High-altitude aircraft such as the Geophysical as well as special balloons, conversely, are used in the upper stratosphere to explore the ozone layer. The Geophysical is currently the only aircraft in Europe capable of carrying instruments to an altitude range of 15 to 20 kilometers. The researchers intend to gain further insight into

the climate system by also obtaining data during scheduled international flights. In cooperation with various commercial airlines, passenger aircraft have been equipped with sensors for long-term atmospheric monitoring in the tropopause as part of the In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System (IAGOS) project.

Flying Labs by V.Vijaya Balan (IV year)

Brain Waves- The Mechanical Newsletter

Page 7 Volume 1, Issue 3

Delivery trucks and other commercial vehicles are a major source of noise pollution in dense urban environments

such as New York. To meet the need for noise reduction in large cities, the German EDAG engineering group has devel-

oped the EDpowerdrive, a modular electric drive system that shifts from diesel to battery power.

EDpowerdrive is a retrofit system that can be built into existing delivery and transport vehicles' power units in two

days, and allows the driver to choose between power sources according to the length of the trip. The diesel engine is

designed to accommodate long-distance trips on motorways and main roads. For shorter distances in urban and resi-

dential areas, the newly developed modular e-drive provides a reduced-noise and exhaust-free alternative, traveling

up to 100 kilometers at a maximum speed of 65 km/h, for a duration of eight hours. This electric drive unit operates

independently of the conventional front-wheel drive system, due to an integrated pack in the vehicle's storage com-

partment. The energy required to run the vehicle is transferred from this pack to the rear axle via a separate drive

unit. When running on diesel, the front axle transfers the power to the wheels.

Shifting Gears by S.Arul Kumaran (IV year)

Page 8

Smart Cities by Balasubramanian.R.R (III year)

By 2050, the world's population is predicted to reach nine billion, with over two thirds of people living in cities. While

urban centers occupy less than two percent of the planet's surface, they nonetheless provide homes to half the

global population and generate 70 percent of GDP worldwide. According to the World Bank, roughly 80 percent of

growth forecast in newly industrialized and developing countries will be produced in cities. In the future, the number

of "megacities" (cities with a population over 10 million) will also dramatically increase.

Historically, cities have served as drivers of economic, industrial, technological, and cultural growth. While 21st

century mass urbanization thus offers many new, exciting opportunities, it also poses various pressing challenges,

including demographic shifts, resource scarcity, and climate change concerns. To respond to the numerous

changes associated with this rapid urban expansion, society must develop sustainable urban system solutions for

the future

A "Smart City" transforms its environment by improving its economic and environmental health through the

incorporation and optimization of technology solutions in its infrastructure. Six important features constitute

intelligent, livable, and future-oriented model cities, namely, mobility, energy, communications, buildings, resources,

and governance. By integrating emerging technologies and ICT into urban planning, cities can achieve progress in

key priority areas - from increased civic engagement and better access to services to enhanced quality of life and

the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.

Brain Waves- The Mechanical Newsletter

Page 9 Volume 1, Issue 3

Ubitricity by V.Krishnamoorthy (III year)

E-mobility challenges the tradition of stationary energy

metering and billing. At present, charging stations are not

available in all of the locations users need to recharge

their vehicles. Additionally, until now, creating an adequate

charging infrastructure for electric cars has been very

costly and utilities have had few incentives to install

c h a r g i n g s t a t i o n s .

The Berlin-based start-up ubitricity, however, is taking on

this challenge with its innovative idea that helps reduce

costs for electric vehicle (EV) charging by 90 percent

through the use of mobile metering and communication. EV

users simply take their personal mobile meter, which is

attached to the ubitricity cable or their EV, along with them to every charging spot. A low-cost power socket suffices

as a local charging spot and the compact dimensions of the sockets allow for easy installation in almost any location,

s u c h a s o n a w a l l o r a l i g h t p o l e .

ubitricity transfers the ease and logic of mobile communication to the energy industry. With mobile metering technol-

ogy integrated into the cable or car, EV users can carry their energy and tariff of choice along with them to any

charging spot. At the same time, utilities can enhance their portfolio by also delivering electricity to these mobile

meters. With ubitricity, grid access,

including smart charging and billing,

b e c o m e s a f f o r d a b l e .

Ubitricity was founded in Berlin in

2008 by Knut Hechtfischer and Dr.

Frank Pawlitschek. The company is

currently conducting national and

international field tests to prepare

for its commercial launch in 2015.

Page 10

Wearable Technologies by A.Praveen Kumar (II year)

Wearable's are the next wave of devices driving

innovation in the consumer electronics

Industry, especially as the smartphone and

tablet markets begin to slow. Estimates indicate

that the number of wearable devices in use will

increase from nearly 22 million in 2013 to

almost 177 million by 2018.

What does a wearable device look like? This

futuristic fashionware worn on or in the body typically consists of three components: sensors, displays, and

computing architecture. From wristbands and smart watches to gloves, helmets, and glasses, wearable's take on

many shapes and sizes. Regardless of appearance, however, the technology's primary goal remains to "enable us-

ers to take real-world actions by providing relevant, contextual information precisely at the point of decision-

making."

The much discussed Google Glass, for example, enables users to ask questions, get directions, snap photos, shoot

videos, and even send messages via an optical head-mounted display. The Nike Fitbit Flex wristband, on the other

hand, helps individuals reach their fitness goals by tracking step count, distance traveled, and calories burned. The

Adidas miCoach Smart Run Watch similarly acts as a personal trainer by providing highly accurate heart-monitoring

data in addition to tracking user performance and progress via GPS.

As circuits and chips get smaller and wearable's become more

affordable and mainstream, the technology will continue to

expand into other domains - beyond just the fitness and medical

industries. Looking ahead, the field is expected to undergo a

paradigm shift - moving away from individuals interacting with

the technology to the technology itself interacting directly with

people. To continue in this direction and to gain widespread

popularity in the meantime, wearable's not only need to be

functional and innovative - they also have to be something that

people want to wear.

Brain Waves- The Mechanical Newsletter

Page 11 Volume 1, Issue 3

Largest Power Producing Plant by David Lamington.L (II year)

The vast majority of those electrons were produced at large electric power plants located in remote locales.

Sandwiched between two steep cliffs on the Yangtze River in central China, the Three Gorges Dam is hands down the

largest of the world’s large eleThe Three Gorges Dam has a generating capacity of 22,500 megawatts (MW)

compared to 14,000 MW for the Itapúa Dam that straddles the borders of Brazil and Paraguay.

In 2010, global hydroelectric capacity represented about 850 gigawatts, or about one-fifth of the world’s total

electricity capacity. Not surprisingly, mega-scale dams dominate the list of the world’s largest power plants. Here

are a few examples:

The Tucurui Dam in the heart of Brazil’s Amazon forest is the fourth largest power plant in the world. The installed

capacity of the 25-unit plant is 8,370 MW.

In the United States, the Grand Coulee Dam on the Columbia River in the state of Washington is the sixth largest

power plant in the world (and the largest in the US) with a generating capacity of about 6,800 MW.

Other than a dozen or so super-sized hydropower facilities, fossil fuels are the fuel of choice for large scale

The Taichung power plant in Taiwan is the largest coal-fired

p o w e r s t a t i o n , a t 5 , 7 8 0 M W .

The Surgut-2 Power Station in Russia is the world’s largest

natural gas power station at 5,600 MW and the 19th largest

plant in the world. In Japan, the Kashiwazaki-Kariwa nuclear

power plant is the world’s largest nuclear power plant at 8,212

MW. It is also the fifth largest power plant in the world electric

power generating facilities.

Jeppiaar Institute of Technology

Jeppiaar Nagar, Kunnam, Sriperumbudhur tk,

Chennai-631 604

Ph. No: 044-27159000

www.jeppiaarinstitute.org

What’s in our next issue?

1. ASME Activities

2. Autonomous Vehicle

3. Alternate Fuels

4. Communication for blind and deaf

5. Renewable Energy

Editorial Board

1. Chief Mentor : Dr.N.MARIE WILSON B.Tech., M.B.A., Ph.D.

Director, Jeppiaar Institute of Technology.

2. Coordinator : Dr.T.VENKATAMUNI, HOD Mechanical Dept.

3. Chief Editor : SATYANARAYEN R (Final Year)

4. Co-Editors : NIRANJAN KUMAR R (Pre-Final Year)

ARUN V (Second Year)

NEWSLETTER PUBLICATION SCHEDULE : JULY, OCTOBER, JANUARY, APRIL.

Mail your articles and Feedback to asme@jeppiaarinstitute.org

BRAIN WAVES, MECHANICAL DEPARTMENT, JIT, CHENNAI

"Self Belief. Self Discipline. Self Respect"

Brain Waves- The Mechanical Newsletter