NAME _____________________________ PER__

NATURE OF SCIENCE AND EVOLUTION HW PACKET

INCLUDED IN PACKETPoints Score ( STAMPS)

Language of Science 4

Meaningful Measurments 5

Evolution Survey 2

Cladogram Activity WS 6

Test Review 10

What am I 3

INTERACTIVE NOTEBOOK

Reflections (BILL) 20

Quiz Corrections 5

Sort (Know/ Don’t Know) 3

Lab Skills- Lab Write up 2

Sort—Science is/ is not 2

Lab Equipment 101 3

Total 65

STANDARD 8 AND 11 SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENTS (Not in Packet)

ASSIGNMENTPoint

s

Due Date

Test 100

Lab- Scientific Method 20

Lab- Evolution of SkittleFish 30

THE LANGUAGE OF

The main reason students find it difficult to understand science is because of all the hard to write, spell and read words. Actually, scientific vocabulary is a hodge podge of little words

that are linked together to have different meanings. If you learn the meanings of the little words, you'll find scientific vocabulary much easier to understand.

WORD MEANINGa or an not or non

aero needing oxygen or air

amphi both, doubly

andro masculine

anti against

aqua water

arthro joint

auto self

bi two, twice, double

bio life, living

chloro green

chromo color

cide killer, kill, killing

cyto cell

derm skin

di two, double

ecto (exo) outer, external

endo inside, inner

epi above

eu TRUE

gam,gamo marriage, sexual

gastro stomach

gen, genos race, kind

genesis origin, beginning

hemo blood

herba plants

hetero different

homo alike, similar

hydro water

WORD MEANING

hyper above, beyond

hypo below, under

intra within, inside

itis disease, inflammation

karyote nucleus

lateral side

logy study of

lys break down

macro large

meso middle

meter measurement

micro small

mitos thread

mono one, single

morph form

multi many

philia like

phobia dislike, fear

photo light

pod foot

poly many

pro at the start

proto first

sub lesser, below

synthesis to make

therm heat

troph eat, consume

zoo, zoa animal

USE THE LIST TO GUESS THE MEANING OF EACH OF THE FOLLOWING TERMS

1. Hydrology

2. Cytology

3. Protozoa

4. Epidermis

5. Spermatogenesis

6. Cytoskeleton

7. Abiotic

8. Dermatitis

9. Hypodermic

10. Hemophilia

11. Endocystosis

12. Insecticide

13. Anaerobic

14. Bilateral

15. Endotherm

16. Subspecies

17. Arthropod

18. Micrometer

19. Hypothermia

20. Eukaryotic

YOU TRY IT!!!!

Create your own words using a combination of the word parts and tell me what they mean!!

21. _______________________________________________________________

22. ________________________________________________________________

23. ________________________________________________________________

24. ________________________________________________________________

25. ________________________________________________________________

NAME __________________________________________ PER ____________Activity: MAKING MEANINGFUL MEASUREMENTSMetric System: The metric system is used by almost every country in the world, other than the U.S. It is also the preferred system of measurement for science.In the United States, we use the English System. Can you name some units that we use?1) Volume (liquid) _______________ 2) Mass ________________________

3) Length _______________________ 4) Temperature __________________

In the metric system, we will be using terms: Grams, Liters, Meters, Seconds, and Celsius. Which one is used for?5) Volume (liquid) _______6) Mass _______

7) Length ________8) Temperature _______

9) Time ____________

The metric system is much easier… it is based on units of 10! It’s easy to convert if you use the table below

Use the table above to help you make the following conversions:10) How many meters (m) are in 1 km?______11) How many mm are in 1 cm? _________

12) How many mg are in 1 g? ___________13) 8 cm = ___________ mm

MEASUREMENT LABLength - Measure the following in centimeters:14) Your hand span is ___________ cm. (outstretched hand between tip of thumb and tip of little finger)15) The width of your index fingernail is ____________cm. This is equal to ______________mm.16) Your foot is ___________________ cm in length. This is equal to ________________mm.Using the measurements you have from above, Estimate FIRST, and then check for accuracy:17) Width of this piece of paper ________ cm Actual length __________cm18) Length of pencil ________ cm Actual length __________cm19) Circumference of your wrist ___________ cm Actual length __________cmWrite down the best units to measure the items below. You may choose from mm, cm, m, or km:

20) length of classroom _____21) distance to San Diego ____22) thickness of a penny _____

23) your height _____24) distance around a tennis ball ____

MEASURING VOLUME25) What is the piece of equipment shown to the left called? ______________26) What is the volume of liquid in this beaker? __________________

Working with graduated cylinders: the surface of the liquid is curved. This is called the meniscus. When we read the volume, we read it at the BOTTOM of the meniscus.

27) What is the volume of the liquid in the graduated cylinder marked A? _____ mL

28) What is the volume of the liquid in the graduated cylinder marked B? _____mL

MEASURING MASS

29) Define mass:

30) What is the basic unit for mass? ______________Measure the mass of something that belongs to you or your lab partner. 31) What did you measure? ______________________________________32) What was the mass? __________________g33) Circle the best unit for measuring each mass:

a) Amount of salt in a batch of cookies: m g kgb) Your mass: mg g kgc) Mass of 10 pennies: mg g kg

MEASURING TIME:34) What is the basic unit for measuring time? _______________35) How many seconds are in:

a. 1 minute? ______ b. 1 Hour? _______ c. 2 days? _____

EVOLUTION SURVEYREAD THIS: VERY IMPORTANT! Please indicate whether each following statement is true or false, in terms of how you think biologists use and

understand the term "evolution" today. YOU do NOT necessarily have to AGREE with the statement for it to be "true" as you think biologists see it. On answer sheet, mark "T" for TRUE, or mark "F" for FALSE, according to biologists.

1. The evolution of major groups of animals and plants is an observed fact.

2. Evolution is something you should either believe in, or not believe in.

3. Evolution is a process which involved the origin of life.

4. Evolution is primarily concerned with the origin of humans.

5. According to evolution, people came from monkeys a long time ago.

6. Evolution was first proposed and explained by Charles Darwin.

7. Evolution is also known as "Natural Selection".

8. Evolution is something which happened only in the past; it is not happening now.

9. Evolution is something which happens to individual organisms.

10. Evolution is a totally random process, a series of "accidents".

11. Evolution was developed in order to destroy or undermine religion.

12. In order to accept evolution as a valid explanation, you cannot believe in God.

13. Evolution can be compatible with all the world's major religions.

14. Evolution increases structure and order, but that goes against Newton's second law of thermodynamics.

15. "Evolution is only a theory".

16. There is actually very little evidence for evolution.

17. One indication that evolution has not occurred is the total absence of "transitional (intermediate) fossils".

18. Fossils reveal many problems which evolution cannot explain.

19. Biological, medical and agricultural research is increasingly based on the assumption that evolution occurs.

20. Evolution has been tested and challenged many times, but has always been supported by the results.

21. Dinosaurs lived during the time of early humans.

22. Evolution involves individuals changing in order to adapt to their environment.

23. There is considerable observed evidence against evolution.

24. Science can productively study the past, based on evidence, so evolution is a proper subject for science.

Cladistics Lab

You are a scientist trying to determine the relationship between the organisms below. Using your knowledge of cladistics create a cladogram that represents how these animals are related. Cut out each of the animals illustrated below and glue them on a separate sheet of paper to create your cladogram.

Consider the following characteristics when designing your cladogram. The terms in bold should be included on your cladogram. Be sure all of your animals are arranged at the top of the cladogram and the distinguishing characteristics are listed.

1. Divide the animals into two groups depending on if they possess vertebrae.2. Divide the vertebrates into groups according whether they have an amniotic egg or not. (Hint: keep the

animals who give live birth with the amniotic egg animals.)3. Divide those who have amniotic eggs according to the presence of an exoskeleton.4. Divide those with endoskeleton according to whether or not they give live birth.5. Divide those with live birth depending on if they possess opposable thumbs.6. Return to your invertebrates. Divide them according to the presence of an exoskeleton.7. Divide those with exoskeletons according to whether they possess wings.

Owl Turtle Spider Butterfly

Chimpanzee Octopus Toad Elephant

EVOLUTIONARY THEORY, CLASSIFICATION & NATURE OF SCIENCETEST REVIEWSTANDARD 8

1. Explain all the ways that a person can “observe” the world around them._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2. What is the difference between a hypothesis and a theory?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. What does CONPTT stand for? Give an example of each.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4. Name something that is “supernatural” and explain why science can’t study it.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5. What are the steps of the Scientific Method?

a. _______________________________________________b. _______________________________________________c. _______________________________________________d. _______________________________________________e. _______________________________________________

6. What is a variable?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7. What are the different types of variables?

a. ___________________________________b. ___________________________________

8. Explain the two types of observations and give an example of eacha. ____________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________b. ____________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________9. What are examples of some constants in a lab?

______________________________________________________________________10. What is a control group?_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________11. What are the “Inferences” that Darwin made after his trip on the HMS Beagle?

a. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

b. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

c. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

d. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

e. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

12. Explain why Darwin's Finches all have different bills and different diets.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

a. What type of evolution is this? ____________________________13. Explains Lamarck’s theory

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

a. What did he call the traits? ___________________________________b. Give an example other than the giraffes___________________________________________________________c. Was his theory valid? _____________

14. What is a species? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

15. What is an adaptation?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________16. What is a variation?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________17. What is natural selection?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________18. List the different lines of evidence for Evolution and give an example of each

a. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

b. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

c. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

d. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

e. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

19. For both sets of structures, Identify if they are Homologous or Analogous and explain how you know!

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

20. What is a Vestigial Structure? Give and example______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________21. What are the two ways that a new species is produced. Explain each.

i. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

ii. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

22. What is it called when a species changes into two new species: a. Slowly over time? _____________________________b. Rapid spurts of change? ________________________c. Which one is supported by the fossil record? _______________________

23. List the different types of evolution and give an example of each.a. ____________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

b. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

c. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

d. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

24. Name the Kingdoms and give one special trait of each of the 5 kingdomsa. ______________________________________________________________________b. ______________________________________________________________________c. ______________________________________________________________________d. ______________________________________________________________________e. ______________________________________________________________________

25. What general traits are used to classify thema. ____________________________________b. ____________________________________c. ____________________________________d. ____________________________________

26. What are the different types of arthropods? Describe what makes them different a. ______________________________________________________________________b. ______________________________________________________________________c. ______________________________________________________________________

27. What does the term vertebrate mean? _____________________________________________28. What are the different types of vertebrates? List a special trait for each one

a. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

b. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

c. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

d. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

e. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

29. What are the different types of mammals? List a special trait for each onea. ______________________________________________________________________b. ______________________________________________________________________

c. ______________________________________________________________________

Possible Short Answers: What does it mean for an organism to be “fit” or “survive”?

Explain the theory of “Acquired Characteristics” including whose theory it was, whether it is valid & an example Describe the following parts of an experiment including Independent Variable, Dependent Variable and Control Describe the process natural selection by explaining the four inferences Darwin made. Why it it important that we use classification to name organisms? Give examples.

The Nature of Science, Evolution and ClassificationWHAT AM I?

Question Answer

1. I am the type of evolution that we see when unrelated species resemble each other due to a shared habitat.

2. I am the type of evolution that is seen when two unrelated species evolve to benefit each other.

3. I am the type of evolution that happens when one species gives rise to many other species.

4. I am the type of evolution that happens when related species become less similar over time due to different environments

5. I am an example of Divergent evolution

6. I am an example of Convergent evolution

7. I am an example of Adaptive Radiation

8. I am an example of Co-evolution

9. I am a structure that “works” the same way in different species

10. I am a structure that “looks” the same way in different species

11. I am a structure that no longer serves a function in an organism

12. I am the differences between species, and what evolution acts on

13. I am “who” evolution acts on.

14. I am the process of individuals adapting to their environment and therefore having more offspring.

15. I am the slow and steady rate of evolution of species, that is supported by the fossil record

16. I am the idea that evolution happens quickly, followed by long period of no change

17. I am the process of species isolation that makes it impossible for organisms to mate with each other

18. I am the process of species isolation due to differences in habitats

19. I am the evolutionary evidence based on DNA, or other Biological molecules

20. I am another name for a group of organism that can breed with each other

21. I am a trait that increase an organisms rate of survival

22. I am an assumption based on observation

23. I am the 6 criteria of science

24. I am the scientist that is considered the father of evolution , and studies on the HMS Beagle

25. I am the trait that was different in the finches that were studied

26. I am the theory that you lose or gain traits based on their use during your lifetime

27. I am the scientists that proposed the above theory (question #26)

28. I am an hypothesis supported by repeated experiments over time

29. I am change over time

30. I am the variable in an experiment that is changed during the experiment, I don’t depend on the other variables

31. I am the variable , who’s data is collect through observation and changes based on the other variable

32. I am the part of the experiment that does not change

33. I am a test of a hypothesis

34. I am the idea that science should be able to change, based on new evidence

35. I am the main reason that “God” can’t be studied by science

36. I am the preserved part of an organism that provides evidence for evolution, such as bones

37. I am the type of observation that results from taking measurements

38. I am the type of observation that results from using your 5 senses

39. I am in the Kingdom that contains Mammals

40. I am in the Kingdom that is mostly multicellular and contains Mushrooms and Yeast

41. I am in the Kingdom that contains Flowers

42. I am in the Kingdom that is classified based on movement, Zooplankton & Phytoplankton are examples

43. I am in the Kingdom that is unicellular , E.coli is an example

44. I am the ‘O’ part of the classification of organisms

45. I am the ‘K’ part of the classification of organisms

46. I am the ‘F’ part of the classification of organisms

47. I am the ‘C’ part of the classification of organisms

48. I am the ‘G’ part of the classification of organisms

49. I am the ‘S’ part of the classification of organisms

50. I am the ‘P’ part of the classification of organisms

51. I am the most diverse group of the invertebrates, and consist of insects, arachnids & crustaceans52. I am an organism that has a backbone

53. I am an organism that lacks the presence of a backbone

54. I am a mammal that lays eggs

55. I am a mammal that carries the young in a pouch

56. I am a mammal with a true placenta

57. I am the number of different vertebrates