measuring student learning
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Measuring Student Learning. What do we want students learn? Do students have the opportunity to learn it? How do we know that they learned it? What do we do with that information?. Linda Suskie Assessing Student Learning: A Common Sense Guide Bolton, MA: Anker Publishing (2004. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Measuring Student Learning• What do we want students learn?
• Do students have the opportunity to learn it?
• How do we know that they learned it?
• What do we do with that information?
Linda Suskie Assessing Student Learning: A Common Sense Guide
Bolton, MA: Anker Publishing (2004
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Assessment monitors student learning;
It does not evaluate faculty teaching.
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Write expected outcomes/objectives.
Effect improvements through actions.
View results. Assess performance against criteria.
Ensure students have opportunity to learn
Ensuring Learning
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Learning Objectives
• In 1948 a group of educators began
classifying educational goals and
objectives
• Bloom’s Taxonomy of the Cognitive
Domain was completed in 1956
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Bloom’s Taxonomy of Cognitive Development
Evaluation
Synthesis
Analysis
Application
Comprehension
Knowledge
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Goals and ObjectivesMoving from General to Specific
Goals
Objectives
General
Specific
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• Student Learning Objectives
describe what individual
students are able to do
• Program Objectives describe
what % of program participants
are able to do it.
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Goals
Writing goals can provide
insight into outcomes desired
but does not provide enough
specificity for assessment and
evaluation
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Goals and Objectives
• Goals are broad• Goals are general
intentions• Goals are
intangible• Goals are abstract• Goals can't be
validated as is
• Objectives are narrow• Objectives are precise
• Objectives are tangible
• Objectives are concrete• Objectives can be
validated
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Goal Examples
– “The essential role of the university is to train students to think critically and creatively.”
– “The student must develop information management skills which enable him to apply theoretical concepts in practice”
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• To make the student capable of carrying out independently the various stages of an information science research project
• To make the student capable of reporting on the findings of his own research.
• To make the student mindful of applying rules of ethics in relation to research and publication.
• To make the student capable of drawing up a realistic work program.
Goal Examples
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Learning Objectives
A Learning Objective is a written
statement of the measurable
achievement a participant will be able
to demonstrate as a result of
participation in a learning activity.
measurable
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• It is always expressed in terms of the learner.
• It is precise and supports only one interpretation.
• It describes an observable behavior
• It specifies conditions under which the behavior is performed
• It specifies criteria for accomplishment
Characteristics of a Learning Objective
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ABCD Model Questions a good objective answers
Audience: Who will be performing the behavior?
Behavior: What behavior should the learner be able to do?
Condition: Under what conditions do you want the learner to be able to do it?
Degree: How well must it be done?
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ABCD Model• Audience - Identify who will be learning
(not the instructor)• The Learner • The Staff member• The Student• The Participant• The Employee• The Trainee• The Organization Member• The Audience Member
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ABCD Model
• Behavior (Performance)
– Should include an action verb indicating what the learner will be able to do
– Should be something that can be seen or heard
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Overt vs. Covert Performance
• Overtrefers to any kind of performance that can be observed directly whether that performance is visible or audible
• Covertrefers to performance that cannot be observed directly, performance that is mental, invisible, cognitive or internal
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Covert Verbs
• know• familiarize• gain knowledge of• comprehend• study• cover• understand
• be aware • learn• appreciate• become
acquainted with• realize• develop a working
understanding of
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When a performance is covert
• Add an indicator behavior to the objective that is overt
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• "Learner will be able to" (LWBAT)
–Cognitive objectives (Bloom’s)
ABCD Model (Behavior)
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ABCD Model
• Condition
– State the conditions you will impose when learners are demonstrating their mastery of the objective.
– What will the learners be allowed to use?
– Under what conditions must the mastery of skill occur?
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Conditions
Givens• Resources
• Environment
• Direction
• Format
• Deadlines
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ABCD Model
• Degree (or criterion)
– A degree or criterion is the standard
by which performance is evaluated.
• The power of an objective increases
when you tell the learners HOW WELL
the behavior must be done.
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Degree
• Accuracy/Tolerance
• Speed
• Number
• Reference or Standards
• Permissible Errors
• Degree of Excellence
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Writing Learning Objectives
Basic Guidelines (and Examples) for
http://www.mapnp.org/library/trng_dev/lrn_objs.htm
How to Write Clear Objectives
http://tlt.its.psu.edu/suggestions/research/Write_Objectives.shtml
How to Write Learning Objectives in Behavioral Form
http://www.adprima.com/objectives.htm
Understanding Objectives
http://edweb.sdsu.edu/courses/EDTEC540/objectives/ObjectivesHome.html
Guidelines for writing learning objectives in librarianship, information science and archives administration
http://www.unesco.org/webworld/ramp/html/r8810e/r8810e00.htm
Quick Guide to Writing Learning Objectives
http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/hrd/templates/objectivetool.html
Writing Learning Objectives
http://www.arl.org/training/ilcso/objectives.html
Writing good work objectives
http://home.att.net/~nickols/workobjs.htm
Writing instructional objectives: The what, why how and when.
http://www.sogc.org/conferences/pdfs/instructionalObj.PDF
ReferencesBlooms Taxonomy
Affective Domain
http://www.itc.utk.edu/~jklittle/edsmrt521/affective.html
Assessing Learning Objectives Bloom's Taxonomy
http://www.ion.uillinois.edu/resources/tutorials/assessment/bloomtaxonomy.asp
Bloom’s Taxonomy
http://www.officeport.com/edu/blooms.htm
Cognitive Domain
http://www.itc.utk.edu/~jklittle/edsmrt521/cognitive.html
Psychomotor Domain
http://www.itc.utk.edu/~jklittle/edsmrt521/psychomotor.html
Instructional Design
http://carbon.cudenver.edu/~mryder/itc_data/idmodels.html#isd
Assessment
Curriculum Development Performance Criteria
http://its.foxvalleytech.com/iss/curric-assessment/CRITCOND.html
How to Write an Assessment Based on an Objective
http://www.adprima.com/assessment.htm
Performance Criteria
http://its.foxvalleytech.com/iss/curric-assessment/CRITCOND.html
Multiple Choice Questions and Bloom’s Taxonomy
http://web.uct.ac.za/projects/cbe/mcqman/mcqappc.html