measuring and fostering the progress of societies istanbul, 27-29 june 2007 measuring the dimensions...

Measuring and Fostering the Progress of SocietiesIstanbul, 27-29 June 2007

Measuring the dimensions of child labour

Frank Hagemann

Statistical Information and Monitoring Programme on Child Labour (SIMPOC)International Programme for the Elimination of Child Labour (IPEC)

International Labour Office Geneva

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Child labour in numbers

• 218 million child labourers worldwide

• 126 million children in work which seriously endangers their health

• 8 million in « unconditional worst forms » such as bonded and forced labour; child prostitution; armed conflict.

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• Global efforts to end child labour have resulted in significant and measurable progress

• Massive commitment to implement ILO child labour Conventions Nos. 138 and 182

• Child labour has declined by 11 per cent from 2000 to 2004

• The more hazardous the work and the more vulnerable the children involved, the faster the decline

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Age groups:

246 million

218 million2004

2000

0 50 100 150 200 250

(million)

5-14 15-17

186 59

166 52

Global trends in child labour by major age group

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170 million

126 million

2004

2000

0 50 100 150 200

(millions)

5-14 15-17

111 59

74 52

Hazardous

Global trends in hazardous work by major age group


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Economically active children in the world (5-14 years-old), by region (million)

Asia and the Pacif ic ; 122,3

Latin America and the Caribbean; 5,7

Sub-Saharan Africa; 49,3

Other regions; 13,4

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Working children by sector 2004 (%)

Agriculture69%

Industry9%

Services22%

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SIMPOC child labour survey types:SIMPOC child labour survey types:

National child labour household surveys

Establishment surveys

Street children surveys

School surveys

Sector or location-specific baseline surveys

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Only CL SurveyOnly Rapid AssessmentOnly Baseline SurveyCL Survey + RACL Survey + BSRA + BSCL Survey + RA + BS

Global Survey Coverage of SIMPOC

Barbados

Bahamas

Trinidad and Tobago

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Number of SIMPOC surveys by region

83

10

106

4

63

13

Asia andPacific

DevelopedEconomies

Latin Americaand Caribbean

Middle Eastand North

Africa

Sub-SaharanAfrica

TransitionEconomies

Regions (KILM of ILO)

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Child labour an increasingly important issue in the global policy debate

Detailed, up-to-date data needed to

Importance of child labour data collection and analysisImportance of child labour data collection and analysis

assess its magnitude and distribution across regions & sectors of work

identify the determinants of CL and its consequences

generate public awareness of the issue and provide statistical basis for policy and programme development

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SIMPOC: Strategic objectivesSIMPOC: Strategic objectivesDevelopment and application of child labour

specific data collection methodologies and instruments

Elaboration of standard indicators to measure the incidence, causes, and consequences of child labour, as well as the impact of intervention programmes and policies

Technical and financial assistance to child labour data collection worldwide

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Dissemination of tabulated and raw quantitative and qualitative data for study of scale, distribution, characteristics, causes, and consequences of child labour

Establishment of national, regional and global databases on child labour

SIMPOC: strategic objectivesSIMPOC: strategic objectives

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SIMPOC: strategic objectivesSIMPOC: strategic objectivesIn-depth analysis of child labour data in order to to assess:trends

factors underlying CL

special situation of the girl child

linkages between child labour and other development issues

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Minimum data needs for child labour analysisMinimum data needs for child labour analysis

Key child labour indicators

Children’s activity status by sex, age group, residence and schooling status

Distribution of working children by industry, sex, and age group

Distribution of working children by status in employment, sex and age group

Percentage of children by per capita expenditure quintiles, sex, and type of activity

Hours of work and work days per week/month

Details on household chores and other non-economic activities (type/hours)

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26

459

77 14060

150

3'321

407

724

504

Transitionalcountries

Asia Latin America Sub-SaharanAfrica

North Africa andMiddle East

Total costs

Total benefits

Using SIMPOC data to calculate the costs and benefits of eliminating child labour

Regional breakdown,in $billion PPP, 2001-2020

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Some challenges and priorities for future work:

•Sustainability of data collection; addressing the need for regular trend assessments

•Integration of improved child labour modules in MICS, LSMS, DHS

•Methodologies to estimate the magnitude and distribution of unconditional worst forms of child labour (e.g. trafficking of children, debt bondage & use of children in armed conflict)

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The 2008 International Conference of Labour Statisticians (ICLS): Towards international child labour measurement standards

The 2008 International Conference of Labour Statisticians (ICLS): Towards international child labour measurement standardsICLS Resolution should contain guidance on

• How to statistically define child labour• Key indicators• Methodologies of data collection and

appropriate instruments

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SIMPOC child labour data dissemination

Global trend reports

National reports

Sectoral reports

CL-INFO database

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www.ilo.org/childlabourwww.ucw-project.org

measuring and fostering the progress of societies istanbul, 27-29 june 2007 measuring the dimensions...

Documents

child labourers

ilo child labour conventions

girl child linkages

tobago slide

decline slide

simpoc data

major age group slide

programme development