DIRECTIVA

MARCO

AGUA

Measures to address agricultural pressures

Ministry for the Environment and Ministry of Agriculture

Spain

DIRECTIVA

MARCO

AGUA

DEMAND OF WATER SERVICES

POLLUTION PROCESSES

TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY

Water uses (socio economic activities)

SERVICES

PRESSURES

STATUS

DIFFUSE POLLUTION

HIDRO-MORFOL . Ind..

Physico chemical ind.

BIOLÓGICAL ind.

HIDROLÓGY

IMPACTS

Driving forces

Measures to improve technical efficiency of water services (reduce leakages, drip irrigation) and optimise use of inputs (dosis of fertilisers, pesticides)

Measures to improve demand of water services (pricing/better practices) and affecting directly water uses (crop changes; changes to ecological agr.)

Measures to reduce impact of diffuse pollution (reduce leakage to water bodies)

Measures affecting driving forces (CAP reform; liberalization of trade).

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AGUA

Measures affecting water uses and demand of

water services

Changes in crops

Optimisation of surface dedicated to irrigation and rainfed agriculture (optimise water uses to reduce asbstraction and pollution pressures)

Review of water rights in irrigated areas and land acquisition

Reallocation of water rights

Economic incentives (CAP and pricing)

water quantity and chemical pollution (and biological)

•Program Aberca for updating the register of water rights (concessions); And

•Review of existing concessions and land aquisition under articles 65 and 66 of the National Water Law

•Promotion of water banks (water exchange centers) in three river basins and extending to the whole Spain

•National and River Basin Drought Plans. Enforcement of National Water Law and regulation on the Hydraulic Public Domain

•Modification of the existing tariffs applied to raw water and application of tariff policy and reference water use of the existing water law

•CAP Cross compliance monitoring, Royal Decree 2352/2004, Regulation CE1782/2003

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Morphology measures

Scales for fish in weirsEllimination on unused weirs

Restauration of the morphology of rivers (direct reduction of pressures)

River restoration in rural areasMorphology of rivers (and biological)

National Plan for river restauration 2007

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AGUA

WFD indicators

Types of measures (aims) Specific actions

Enforcement of existing water use rights to avoid illegal abstraction

Instalation of metering devices

Monitoring and enforcement of cross compliance

Farm advisory services and implementation of Codes of Good practice related to water use (quantity)

Improvement of techniques for water application (drip irrigation)

Improvement of control of water use by farmers according to existing water rights

Improvement of in plot water use (improving efficiency of water use to reduce abstraction pressures)

water flow and regime of water flow (and biological)

water quantity and regime of water flow (and biological)

Water supply optimisation (improvement of efficiency of water services to reduce abstraction pressures)

Changes in the norms of management of dams to optimise supply

Improvement of technical efficency of networks (improvement of efficiency of water services to reduce abstraction pressures)

Improvement of management of irrigation networks

Improvement of technical efficiency of irrigation networks managed by irrigation associations

Improvement of technical efficiency in main storage and transportation infraestructure

water quantity and regime of water flow (and biological)

Measures improving technical efficiency

• 2007 Royal Decree for wastewater reuse (draft)•Technical improvements in River Basin Authorities for remote control and management of dams and transportation infrastructure

•1993 National Irrigation Plan: Actions related to improvement of existing irrigation areas and 2006.

•Special plan for improving technical efficiency in Irrigation areas (also measures in the National Strategic Plan for Rural Development below)

•Training courses to farmers implemented by the Ministry of Agriculture. Training programs in coordination with the National Federation of Irrigation Associations

•Draft Royal Decree on metering (2007)

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MARCO

AGUA

Measures to improve use of inputs and reduce impacts of diffuse

pollution

Reduction of dosis of fertilisersReduction of dosis of pesticides

Minitoring of cross-complianceMinimisation of leakage to surface water bodies

Improvement of the balance of fertilisers and pesticides in soil (improving efficiency of water uses to reduce pollution pressures)

Farm advisory services and implementation of Codes of Good practice related to water use (quantity)

Changes in composition of fertilisers and pesticides

Chemical pollution (and biological)

•Application of Nitrates Directive: Declaration of Vulnerable Zones, Codes of Best Practices and programs of action. Royal Decree 261/1996 (also Farm advisory services and measures in the National Strategic Plan for Rural Development )

•CAP Cross compliance monitoring, Royal Decree 2352/2004, Regulation CE1782/2003

•National program of monitoring of use of pesticides

•Pilot action program for biodiversity conservation and Measures in Rural Development Program