measurements of acoustic backscatter and density of captive atlantic cod with synchronized 300-khz...

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captive Atlantic cod with synchronized 300-kHz multibeam and 120-kHz split-beam echosounders 300-kHZ 多多多多 120-kHZ 多多多多多多多多多多 多多多多多多多 西 多多多多多多多 Gurshin, C. W. D., Jech, J. M., Howell, W. H., Weber, T. C., and Mayer, L. A. 2009. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 1303–1309. 981 專專專專 Speaker : 專專專

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Page 1: Measurements of acoustic backscatter and density of captive Atlantic cod with synchronized 300-kHz multibeam and 120-kHz split-beam echosounders 300-kHZ

Measurements of acoustic backscatter and density of captive Atlantic cod with

synchronized 300-kHz multibeam and 120-kHz split-beam echosounders

300-kHZ多波束及 120-kHZ分割波束漁探機對於大西洋鱈之聲學反射及魚群密度量測

Gurshin, C. W. D., Jech, J. M., Howell, W. H., Weber, T. C., and Mayer, L. A. 2009.

ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 1303–1309.

981專題討論

Speaker : 黃星翰

Page 2: Measurements of acoustic backscatter and density of captive Atlantic cod with synchronized 300-kHz multibeam and 120-kHz split-beam echosounders 300-kHZ

Fishery Echosounder

TS : target-strength ( dB)

sA : nautical area scattering coefficient ( m2 / m2)

Sv : volume backscattering strength ( dB)

Page 3: Measurements of acoustic backscatter and density of captive Atlantic cod with synchronized 300-kHz multibeam and 120-kHz split-beam echosounders 300-kHZ
Page 4: Measurements of acoustic backscatter and density of captive Atlantic cod with synchronized 300-kHz multibeam and 120-kHz split-beam echosounders 300-kHZ

IntroductionIntroductionAcoustic vs. trawl surveyAcoustic vs. trawl surveyEchosounder seriesEchosounder seriesMultibeam echosounderMultibeam echosounder

Materials and methodsMaterials and methodsSample processingSample processingExperimentExperimentData analysisData analysis

ResultsResultsEK60 vs. EM3002EK60 vs. EM3002

DiscussionDiscussionResultsResults

Page 5: Measurements of acoustic backscatter and density of captive Atlantic cod with synchronized 300-kHz multibeam and 120-kHz split-beam echosounders 300-kHZ

Introduction

Page 6: Measurements of acoustic backscatter and density of captive Atlantic cod with synchronized 300-kHz multibeam and 120-kHz split-beam echosounders 300-kHZ

Fishery-acousticFishery-acoustic vs. Traditional trawl survey vs. Traditional trawl survey

•Fish density

•Biomass

•Spatial distribution

•Behaviour

Page 7: Measurements of acoustic backscatter and density of captive Atlantic cod with synchronized 300-kHz multibeam and 120-kHz split-beam echosounders 300-kHZ
Page 8: Measurements of acoustic backscatter and density of captive Atlantic cod with synchronized 300-kHz multibeam and 120-kHz split-beam echosounders 300-kHZ

Multibeam echosoundersMultibeam echosounders

Page 9: Measurements of acoustic backscatter and density of captive Atlantic cod with synchronized 300-kHz multibeam and 120-kHz split-beam echosounders 300-kHZ

ObjectiveObjective

Fewer application for demersal species

Not widely developed in the United States

Comparing split-beam and multibeam

Page 10: Measurements of acoustic backscatter and density of captive Atlantic cod with synchronized 300-kHz multibeam and 120-kHz split-beam echosounders 300-kHZ

Materials and methods

Page 11: Measurements of acoustic backscatter and density of captive Atlantic cod with synchronized 300-kHz multibeam and 120-kHz split-beam echosounders 300-kHZ

Atlantic codAtlantic cod

http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=69

Page 12: Measurements of acoustic backscatter and density of captive Atlantic cod with synchronized 300-kHz multibeam and 120-kHz split-beam echosounders 300-kHZ

Sample processingSample processing

Page 13: Measurements of acoustic backscatter and density of captive Atlantic cod with synchronized 300-kHz multibeam and 120-kHz split-beam echosounders 300-kHZ

ApparatusApparatusSimrad EK60 120kHz splitbeam echosounder

Kongsberg EM3002 300kHz multibeam echosounder

7° Beam width 130°

23 mm copper Standar sphere 38.1 mm tungsten-carbid

8 - 10 m Calibrate depth 8 - 10 m

Page 14: Measurements of acoustic backscatter and density of captive Atlantic cod with synchronized 300-kHz multibeam and 120-kHz split-beam echosounders 300-kHZ

Experimental setup

Page 15: Measurements of acoustic backscatter and density of captive Atlantic cod with synchronized 300-kHz multibeam and 120-kHz split-beam echosounders 300-kHZ

Data analysisData analysis

Post-processing software : Echoview and Matlab

Statistical analysing software : SAS and R

AWC = EL - SL - 10 log10(ΩTXΩRX) + 2αR + 30 log10R+CSv = AWC - ( X - 20)10 log10(R) - 10 log10(cτ/2)

EL : echo levelSL : source levelα : attenuation coefficientΩTX : transmitting beam width

ΩRX : receiving beam widthR : range from the transducerC : calibration gain

Sv : volume-backscattering strength ( dB)X : collection of Awc

c : sound speed ( ms - 1)τ : pulse duration ( s)

Page 16: Measurements of acoustic backscatter and density of captive Atlantic cod with synchronized 300-kHz multibeam and 120-kHz split-beam echosounders 300-kHZ

Sv for the EM3002

64dB dynamic range

Page 17: Measurements of acoustic backscatter and density of captive Atlantic cod with synchronized 300-kHz multibeam and 120-kHz split-beam echosounders 300-kHZ

Threshold :- 36dB

Cod : 128

Cod : 23Cod : 66

Cod : 116

Page 18: Measurements of acoustic backscatter and density of captive Atlantic cod with synchronized 300-kHz multibeam and 120-kHz split-beam echosounders 300-kHZ

Sv for the EK60Threshold :- 30dB

Cod : 128

Cod : 66

Page 19: Measurements of acoustic backscatter and density of captive Atlantic cod with synchronized 300-kHz multibeam and 120-kHz split-beam echosounders 300-kHZ

Results

Page 20: Measurements of acoustic backscatter and density of captive Atlantic cod with synchronized 300-kHz multibeam and 120-kHz split-beam echosounders 300-kHZ

14dB

Page 21: Measurements of acoustic backscatter and density of captive Atlantic cod with synchronized 300-kHz multibeam and 120-kHz split-beam echosounders 300-kHZ

Date 25 June 26 June 27 June 27 June 28 June

Depth ( m) 6.5 7.2 8.0 11.0 8.8

LT ( cm) 80.7 81.1 82.1 82.1 82.9

n 128 116 66 66 23

Percentage 100 91 52 52 18

Total pings 1500 7140 1680 1800 5940

300kHz EM3002Sv ( dB ;95 % CI)

- 29.8(- 30.3, -

29.3)

- 31.7(- 31.9, -

31.5)

- 28.4(- 28.7, -

28.2)

- 29.1(- 29.4, - 28.

8)

- 39.7(- 40.3, - 39.

1)

300kHz EM3002Percentage

100 65 138 117 10

120kHz EK60Sv ( dB ;95 % CI)

- 29.4(- 30.0, -

28.8)

- 26.5(- 26.9, -

26.2)

- 23.6(- 24.2, -

23.1)

- 26.4(- 26.9, - 25.

8)

- 38.8(- 40.0, - 37.

8)

120kHz EK60Percentage

100 195 380 200 11

TSa - 26.9 - 26.8 - 26.7 - 26.7 - 26.6

Expectedb Sv at 120kHz

- 25.7 - 26.1 - 28.4 - 28.4 - 32.9

TSa = 20 log (LT) - 65 (Rose and Porter, 1996) at 120kHz, where LT is the total length (cm).bSv = TS + 10 log (N/V) , where N is the number of cod in the sampled volume V.

Page 22: Measurements of acoustic backscatter and density of captive Atlantic cod with synchronized 300-kHz multibeam and 120-kHz split-beam echosounders 300-kHZ

6 dB7 dB

Page 23: Measurements of acoustic backscatter and density of captive Atlantic cod with synchronized 300-kHz multibeam and 120-kHz split-beam echosounders 300-kHZ

Discussion

Page 24: Measurements of acoustic backscatter and density of captive Atlantic cod with synchronized 300-kHz multibeam and 120-kHz split-beam echosounders 300-kHZ

SSvv

1. Random and homogeneous distribution of target

2. Constant fish orientations(assuming linearity in echo-

integration)

Page 25: Measurements of acoustic backscatter and density of captive Atlantic cod with synchronized 300-kHz multibeam and 120-kHz split-beam echosounders 300-kHZ

SensitivitySensitivity

high low

Page 26: Measurements of acoustic backscatter and density of captive Atlantic cod with synchronized 300-kHz multibeam and 120-kHz split-beam echosounders 300-kHZ

ImprovementImprovementLimitation 64 dB dynamic range Split-beams detection in the athwartships direction only Nearfield range of ~7m

Simrad ME70Adjustable beam width ( 2.2 - 20°)Split-beam operating at multiple frequencies

Calibration of all beams Single-target detections TS estimations Quantification of the effect of different incidence angle and

overlapping beams on volume-backscatter measurements

Page 27: Measurements of acoustic backscatter and density of captive Atlantic cod with synchronized 300-kHz multibeam and 120-kHz split-beam echosounders 300-kHZ

Thanks for your attention