Means of Transport in India

By: Manisha Joshi

Air Transport in

India

Air Transport

The fastest and most modern means of

Transportation.

Useful for transporting costly and light-weight

consignments.

Used in spraying pesticides in agricultural fields.

It is a very expensive means of transport.

As per an estimate, India will be the fastest

growing CIVIL AVIATION by 2020.

History and Growth of

Air Transport in India

o In Asia, India was the first country to

introduce AIR SERVICES in 1914.

o However, Air Services progressed only after

the Second world war.

o Nearly 10 Air Companies were working in the

country on the eve of independence.

o In 1950, Air Transport Inquiry Committee was

established.

o On its recommendations, Air Transport was

o nationalized in 1953;

o Two corporations were established viz.

Air India and Indian Airlines.

o Now, Air Corporation Act, 1953 has been repealed and

monopoly of Air India and Indian Airlines ended.

o Now, PRIVATE AIRLINES have been allowed.

In tenth year period (2002-

2007)

Growth in International

passengers - 13.38 % p.a.

Growth in Domestic

passengers – 21.78 % p.a.

In 2011-2012,

Passengers handled at

International Terminals –

380 lakh

Domestic Terminals – 1060

lakh

In 2009, India had BILATERAL Air

Service Agreements with 104

countries.

Main Airline Services in

India

• International Air Service of India.• It owns a fleet of 16 Aircrafts• It has taken 20 Aircrafts on lease.

It operates 200 flights per week. In 2005-2006, Government accorded approval

to Air India for acquiring 68 more aircrafts.

AIR INDIA

Indian Airlines• It is the DOMESTIC Air Service of Indian

government.

• It operates at 58 domestic airports.

• In 2005-2006, it has a fleet of 73 aircrafts.

• Later, Government gave approval for

acquiring 43 Airbus aircraft.

National Aviation Company of India Ltd. (NACIL) (Air India Ltd.)

In year 2007, both Air India and Indian Airlines have been

merged in NACIL.

In November 2010, Name of NACIL has been changed to AIR

INDIA LTD.

In 2011-2012, NACIL has

Fleet strength – 91 aircrafts

Carried passengers – 134.3 lakh

Pawan Hans Helicopter Ltd. One of the India’s leading Helicopter

Companies. Incorporated in 1985. It owned 42 helicopters in 2011-2012. Objective is to provide Helicopter services to 1) Petroleum sector 2) Inaccessible areas of the country 3) Promote Tourism.

Air India Express During 2006, it started its operations. It is a subsidiary of Air India to provide low

cost air services. Air India has leased its 7 aircrafts to Air India

Express Ltd. Presently, it has a fleet of 4 leased and 7

owned aircrafts.

Alliance Air It is a subsidiary of Air India ltd. It has started operations in the North-East

region of the country.

Private Airlines

Cargo Airlines

In April 1997, private airlines have been allowed to provide Airline services in India.

Private Airlines hold 69% of domestic traffic.

owns more than 20 aircrafts

+background of 5 years domestic

services

with Government approval

Can provide airline services at

International destinations EXCEPT Gulf

Nations.

Established on April 1, 1995. It manages 133 airports; a) International – 17 b) domestic airports – 88 c) Civil enclaves at defence airfields - 25

Controls and manages entire Indian air

space.

It provides safe and efficient air traffic

services

Constructing and maintaining runway

Terminal buildings

Provides air safety services

Arranges search and rescue facilities.

Objectives and Projects Modernization of International airports in Delhi and Mumbai

through private sector participation.

Development and modernization of 35 non-metro airports in

India.

Construction of 3 more Greenfield airports of International

standards at Goa, Ahmedabad and Thiruvananthapuram.

Substantial up gradation of Kolkata and Chennai airports.

35 Non-Metro Airports

Air Transport and PlansYear Plans Amount spent on Air Transport

First 23.2 croreEighth 4,083 crore (private airways companies entered

and spent 7,249 crore on it)Ninth 9,432 croreTenth 12,928 crore

Eleventh 43,560 crore (for development of Civil aviation sector)

Twelfth Aim is to make India among top 5 Civil aviation Nations

New Liberalized Policyrelating to

Air Transport

In November 1979, OPEN SKIES POLICY was

announced.

Allowance to Private Airlines to participate in

Air transport Services.

East-West Airlines – the first company which

launched in operations in February 1992.

But now it has closed its operations.

In 1994, by an act Government revoked 40 year old Air Corporation

act.

- Denationalization of Air transport.

- On January 29, 1994, Air Corporation

(Transfer of Undertaking and Repeal)

Ordinance was passed.

- Objective

a) To end up monopoly of Public Sector in Domestic airline

services.

b)To allow private sector to participate in air transport.

- Under this act, Air India and Indian Airlines were recognized as

Public ltd. Cos.

Private airlines with a fleet of at least 20 aircrafts have been

allowed to fly to International destinations.

0.6

40%

Share sold to Private Investors

Air IndiaIndian Airlines

International Airports in Delhi and

Mumbai have been modernized

through private sector participation.

The Government approved the merger

of Air India and Indian Airlines in year

2007.

- A new company, National Aviation

Company of India ltd. has been

incorporated.

- In November 2010, the name of

NACIL has been changed to AIR INDIA

LTD. with its logo ‘Maharaja’.

Airport Economic regulatory Act 2008 has been notified from

January 1, 2009. This act provides fixation of user charges for

maintenance and development of airports.

The Twelfth plan has targeted to provide world class

infrastructure facilities Safe, reliable, comfortable and

affordable air services so as to encourage growth in air

passengers and air cargo traffic.