me2030_20160411- latest standards in am

8/18/2019 ME2030_20160411- Latest Standards in AM

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Latest Standards, Classification and Resources on AM

Suryakumar S., Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, IIT Hyderabad


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What's in the Name…

•

Rapid Prototyping

• Rapid Tooling

• Rapid Manufacturing

• Solid Freeform Fabrication (SFF)

• Layered Manufacturing

• 3D Printing

• Additive Manufacturing


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What's in the Name…What’s behind the Name

•

Rapid Prototyping

• Rapid Tooling

• Rapid Manufacturing

• Solid Freeform Fabrication (SFF)

• Layered Manufacturing

• 3D Printing

• Additive Manufacturing

Winner

• Not interpreting itself in terms of

other processes, but by its own

distinctiveness

• Lesser emphasis on the CAPP part

and more on the processes (eg:

Rapid Machining)

• Relative words lose meaning after

a time (high speed steel, high

speed machining)


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Additive Manufacturing Standards

• ASTM Committee F42 on Additive Manufacturing Technologies

formed in 2009

• ISO/TC 261 committee on Additive Manufacturing created in 2011

Subtractive Additive Formative


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New Grouping based on Processing Similarities

•

Binder Jetting

• Direct Energy Deposition

• Material Extrusion

• Material Jetting

• Powder Bed Fusion

• Sheet Lamination

• Vat photo-polymerization


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Sheet Lamination

•

LOM Process


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8/20Suryakumar S., Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, IIT Hyderabad

Material Extrusion

• Fused Deposition Modeller (FDM)



Material ExtrusionStratasys

• The smallest being Mojo (ABS

plastic)• Nylon also available these days

• Cost: 8-10 lakhs approx.

RepRap versions

• Lot of make-it-yourself

versions available these days• Cost: 1-3 lakhs approx.

Bioplotter

• From Envision tech, Isreal For

•

BioPrinting of tissueengineering parts

• Cost: 1.5 crores approx.



Powder Bed Fusion

• Selective Laser Sintering (SLS)



Powder Bed FusionEoS

•

The Original SLS• Cost: 2-5 crores approx.

Other Variants

• SLM from Renishaw

•

Similar variants like PhenixSystems, Concept Laser, 3D

Systems, ReaLizer, SLM

Solutions: each catering to a

specific segment Cost: 2-5

crores approx.

Arcam

• Electron Beam based

•

Cost: 1.5 crores approx.



Binder Jetting

• Binder in place of direct fusion: ZCorp



Binder Jetting3D Systems

• PXL composite

•

Cost: 15-150 lakhs approx.

Voxeljet

• PMMA acrylic

•

Cost: 1 - 3 crores approx.

ExOne

• For Metals & Ceramics

•

Cost: 1 - 3 crores approx.



Material Jetting

• Direct deposition of material



Material JettingObjet (Stratasys)

• Multi color and multi material

•


Solidscape

• Thermoplastic

•

Cost: 40 lakhs approx.

Aerosol (Optomec)

•

Nanomaterials, electronicconductors

• Cost: 1.5 to 2 crores approx.



Direct Energy Deposition

• Focused thermal energy (laser, electron beam or arc) used to

fuse materials as they are being deposited



Direct Energy DepositionOptomec

• Cost: 5 Crores approx.

Commercial Variants

• BeAM, France

• Trumpf, France

• InssTek, Korea

• Sciaky, US

• Cost: 5 Crores approx.

Non-Commercial

• Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS)

• Directed Light Fabrication (DLF)

• Direct Metal Deposition (DMD)

• 3D Laser Cladding

• Laser Generation

• Laser-Based Metal Deposition (LBMD)

• Laser Freeform Fabrication (LFF)

• Laser Direct Casting

• LaserCast

• Laser Consolidation

• 3D Welding

• 3D Welding and Milling

• 3D Micro Welding (3DMW)

• Hybrid Layered Manufacturing (HLM)

• Hybrid Plasma Deposition and Milling

(HPDM)

• Shape Deposition Manufacturing

(SDM)



Photopolymerization

• Point-by-point (SLA)

• Perfactory (whole layer at a time)

http://e/Video%20Collection/Video%20Collection/RPD%20Course/01-%20Stereolithography%20(SLA)%20-%20animation%20of%20stereolithography%20process.mp4http://e/Video%20Collection/Video%20Collection/RPD%20Course/01-%20Stereolithography%20(SLA)%20-%20animation%20of%20stereolithography%20process.mp4



PhotopolymerizationEnvisionTec

• Focus on Jewellery industry

• Cost: 75-200 lakhs approx.

Pico Pinter

• Small components

•


Other Variants

• Lithoz, Australia

• Innovation MediTech (Bio

Material)

• DWS, Italy

• CMET, Japan


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Thank you

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