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Vertical Milling Machine

Lab-3

METEOROLOGY AND MACHINING LAB

SUMIT JADHAV

ME10B017 | Lab 3

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OBJECTIVE:1. To learn the using of CNC Vertical milling machine.2. Familiarize ourselves with the G-codes and M-codes which is used for the programming of the

Milling machine.

3. Understanding the importance of coolant on the milling operation.4. Understanding the importance of CNC machine on manufacturing sector.5. Drilling holes on given mild steel plate with and without the help of coolant using CNC vertical

milling machine.

PROCEDURE:

First of all the given mild steel plate is clamped rigidly on the CNC machine bed using clamps.

Code G-90 is used for defining the current position as the reference position from which other

measurements are taken. 10mm high carbon steel drill bit is used for all the drilling purposes. The drill

bit is held on its position using hydraulic power.

As the first step of drilling the drill bit is brought on the close vicinity of the work manually.

Various codes are used for defining the path of drill bit.

Theory:

G-codesare also called preparatory codes, and are generally used for telling the machine tool what typeof action to perform.

M codescontrol the overall machine, causing it to stop, start, turn on coolant, etc., whereas other codes

pertain to the path traversed by cutting tools.

Partial list of M-Codes

M00 = Program Stop (non-optional)

M01 = Optional Stop, machine will only stop if operator selects this option

M02 = End of Program

M03 = Spindle on (CW rotation)

M04 = Spindle on (CCW rotation)

M05 = Spindle Stop

M06 = Tool Change

M07 = Coolant on (flood)

M08 = Coolant on (mist)

M09 = Coolant off

M10 = Pallet clamp on

M11 = Pallet clamp off

M30 = End of program/rewind tape (required for older CNC machines)

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Partial list of G-Codes

G00 = Rapid positioning

G01 =Linear interpolation

G02 = Clockwise circular rotation

G03 = Counter Clockwise circular rotation

G90 = Absolute programming

G91 = Incremental programming

FXX = Defines the speed as XX mm/min.

SXX = Defines the spindle speed as XX.

Spindle speed is given as 350rpm and feed rate is 20mm/min. The retraction of the drill bit ismade faster because it is not contributing to the cut. The various commands are input using the edit

function of the FUNAC controller. The glass walls are always closed for safety reasons.

An Example :

G92 X0 Y0 Z0 ;

M03 S350 F10 ;

G90 G01 Z-12 ;

S50 G90 Z0 F40 ;

G90 G00 Z100 ;

M05 ;

M30 ;

OBSERVATIONS:

1. The usage of coolant provides a smooth and shiny surface.2. On drilling without coolant continuous chips were formed.3. Drilling using coolant mainly produced short chips.4. CNC vertical milling machine can decrease labor and save considerable amount of time.5. A spindle speed of 350rpm is very effective for drilling mild steel.6. The coolant was an emulsion of oil and water in the ration 1:20.

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RESULTS:

1. Drill holes of 10mm dia. were created on the given mild steel plate with and without coolant.2. The operation and programing of CNC machine learnt.

CONCLUSION:

1. Using coolant is very effective for better surface finish.2. Low feed rate is good for the better performance of machine.3. CNC machine is capable of doing a series of operations in a single stretch by programing.4. The code written must be carefully analyzed before starting the machine to avoid accidents.

LEARNING:

1. How to program a CNC vertical milling machine.2. How to perform a series of operations in an industrialized fashion.