mcts guide to microsoft windows server 2008 network infrastructure configuration
DESCRIPTION
MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration. Chapter 10 Securing Windows Server 2008. Objectives. Manage security in Windows Server 2008 with various Windows utilities Discuss threats to Internet Protocol Security - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 10
Securing Windows Server 2008
MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure
Configuration
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Objectives
• Manage security in Windows Server 2008 with various Windows utilities
• Discuss threats to Internet Protocol Security• Create Internet Protocol Security policies• Discuss Network Access Protection• Install Network Access Protection
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Managing Security in Server 2008
• Tools for managing network security– Security Configuration Wizard– Windows Firewall– Encrypting File System– BitLocker– Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer
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Security Configuration Wizard
• Security Configuration Wizard (SCW)– Provides a step-by-step wizard for hardening your
network servers• Security policies can be created for:
– Role-based service configuration– Network security– Registry settings– Audit policy
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Security Configuration Wizard (continued)
• Activity 10-1: Creating a Role-Based Security Policy
• Time Required: 15 minutes• Objective: Create a security policy using the SCW
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Windows Firewall
• Allows users to turn the firewall off or on• By default, Windows Firewall is turned on and
allows exceptions for programs and ports• Allows you to create exceptions for inbound traffic• Exception
– Instruction to open a port briefly, allow a program or service to pass information, and then close the port
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Windows Firewall (continued)
• Activity 10-2: Working with Windows Firewall• Time Required: 10 minutes• Objective: Become familiar with the Windows
Firewall interface
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Windows Firewall (continued)
• Windows Firewall with Advanced Security– Provides a more robust interface for managing the
firewall policies in detail– Used to manage Windows Firewall based on port,
services, applications, and protocols
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Windows Firewall (continued)
• Activity 10-3: Working with WFAS• Time Required: 10 minutes• Objective: Modify an inbound rule
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Windows Firewall (continued)
• Windows Firewall with Advanced Security Console– Can be used to manage the following areas
• Inbound rules• Outbound rules• Connection security rules• Monitoring
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Windows Firewall (continued)
• Activity 10-4: Creating a New Firewall Rule• Time Required: 10 minutes• Objective: Create a firewall rule
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Windows Firewall (continued)
• Windows Server 2008 uses the following network profiles– Public– Private– Domain
• Deploying Windows Firewall Settings via Group Policy– WFAS allows you to import or export firewall policies
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Windows Firewall (continued)
• Activity 10-5: Configuring Firewall Rules with Network Profiles
• Time Required: 10 minutes• Objective: Configure firewall rules with network
profiles
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Windows Firewall (continued)
• Activity 10-6: Working with Firewall Policies in the Group Policy Management Editor
• Time Required: 15 minutes• Objective: Using Group Policy objects and firewall
policies to deploy firewall settings
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Encrypting File Services
• Symmetric encryption– Uses a single key and is faster and more efficient
than public key encryption• Public key (asymmetric) encryption
– Each user has a public key available to everyone and a private key known only to the user
• EFS in Windows Server 2008– When a user encrypts a file, a symmetric file
encryption key (FEK) is generated that EFS uses to encrypt the file
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Encrypting File Services (continued)
• Activity 10-7: Working with cipher.exe• Time Required: 10 minutes• Objective: Using cipher.exe with EFS
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Encrypting File Services (continued)
• Activity 10-8: Using Windows Explorer to Encrypt Files with EFS
• Time Required: 10 minutes• Objective: Configure file and folder encryption
through the graphical user interface (GUI)
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BitLocker
• Provides hard drive–based encryption of servers and Windows Vista computers
• Encrypts entire Windows system volume of a computer running Windows Server 2008
• Designed to enhance protection against data theft or exposure on computers that are lost or stolen
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BitLocker (continued)
• Four authentication modes used by BitLocker – BitLocker with a TPM– BitLocker with Universal Serial Bus (USB) flash drive
in place of TPM– BitLocker with a TPM and a personal identification
number (PIN)– BitLocker with a TPM and a USB flash drive
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BitLocker (continued)
• Installing BitLocker– Hard drive that supports BitLocker needs to be
configured before installing BitLocker– BitLocker requires at least 1.5 GB of unallocated or
available drive space– System volume is responsible for maintaining the
unencrypted boot information– Boot volume will contain the OS files and be
encrypted by BitLocker
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BitLocker (continued)
• Activity 10-9: Installing the BitLocker and the BitLocker Drive
• Preparation Tool in Windows Server 2008• Time Required: 15 minutes• Objective: Install the BitLocker and BitLocker Drive
Preparation tool
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BitLocker (continued)
• Activity 10-10: Configuring BitLocker to Use a USB Flash Drive
• Time Required: 15 minutes• Objective: Configure BitLocker to use a USB flash
drive
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Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer
• Excellent tool for performing an initial analysis of your current security setup
• When MBSA scans a computer, it creates a report that is organized into the following areas– Security Assessment– Security Update Scan Results– Windows Scan Results– Internet Information Services (IIS) Scan Results– SQL Server Scan Results– Desktop Application Scan Results
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Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer (continued)
• Scanning a computer with MBSA– You can perform MBSA scans using:
• The GUI-based tool• The mbsacli.exe command- line tool
– One requirement of MBSA is Internet connectivity
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Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer (continued)
• Activity 10-11: Working with MBSA• Time Required: 15 minutes• Objective: Analyze Windows Server 2008 with
MBSA
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Internet Protocol Security
• An open-standards framework for securing network communications
• IPSec meets three basic goals– Authentication– Integrity– Confidentiality
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IPSec Threats
• Depending on the configuration of IPSec, it provides protection from the following threats– Data tampering– Denial of service– Identity spoofing– Man-in-the-middle attacks– Repudiation– Network traffic sniffing
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How IPSec Works
• IPSec modes of operation– Transport mode– Tunnel mode
• Scenarios available when deploying IPSec– Site to site– Client to client– Client to site
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How IPSec Works (continued)
• IPSec security association modes– IPSec uses the Internet Key Exchange (IKE) to
negotiate security protocols – IKE generates the encryption and authentication
keys used by IPSec for the transaction– IPSec performs transactions in two phases
• Main mode/Phase 1• Quick mode/Phase 2
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How IPSec Works (continued)
• IPSec security methods– IPSec uses two security services
• Encapsulating Security Payload• Authentication Header
• IPSec policies– Can be managed with the following tools
• WFAS, IP Security Policy snap-in• Netsh, GPME
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How IPSec Works (continued)
• Activity 10-12: Creating an IPSec Policy for Domain Isolation
• Time Required: 15 minutes• Objective: Use IPSec to isolate domain computers
from nondomain computers
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How IPSec Works (continued)
• Activity 10-13: Creating an IPSec Policy for Server-to-Server Communications
• Time Required: 15 minutes• Objective: Use IPSec to secure communication
between two hosts
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Network Authentication in Windows Server 2008
• Server 2008 supports the following authentication protocols to some degree– LAN Manager authentication– NTLM version 1 authentication– NTLM version 2 authentication
• All forms of NTLM use the challenge-response protocol
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Introduction to Network Access Protection
• NAP can be broken into three parts– Health policy validation– Health policy compliance– Access limitation
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NAP Terminology
• Enforcement Client• Enforcement Server• Host Credential Authorization Protocol• Health Registration Authority• Network Policy Server• Remediation Server• System Health Agent• System Health Validator
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NAP Enforcement Methods
• The five types of NAP enforcement methods used by NAP– 802.1x-authenticated connections– Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
address configurations– IPSec communications– Terminal Services Gateway (TS Gateway)
connections– Virtual Private Network (VPN) connections
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Implementing NAP
• NAP – Designed by Microsoft to allow you to customize it to
meet the unique needs of your networks– Implementing and configuring NAP differs from
network to network based on requirements and policies
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Installing NAP
• NAP is part of the NPS role• To install NAP components
– Add the NPS role either through the Role Services Wizard or from the command line using servermanagercmd.exe
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Installing NAP (continued)
• Activity 10-14: Installing and Configuring NAP• Time Required: 10 minutes• Objective: Install NAP and configure a NAP policy
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Summary
• The SCW – Guides you through the steps of hardening your
network servers• Windows Firewall
– Provides inbound and outbound traffic enforcement through the Windows Firewall and WFAS consoles
• EFS – Microsoft’s built-in service for providing folder- and
file-level encryption• BitLocker
– Provides hard drive–based encryption of servers
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Summary (continued)
• At startup– BitLocker performs a system integrity authentication
prior to booting into the OS• MBSA
– Scans single or multiple computers on a network and lets you view existing security scan reports
• IPSec – An open-standards framework for securing network
communications – Works at the network layer of the OSI model
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Summary (continued)
• On Windows networks– Windows Server 2008 uses Kerberos as its default
authentication method in Active Directory domains• To use NAP policies
– A client must be a part of the NAP infrastructure on a network
• The HRA – Distributes health certificates to NAP clients that
comply with network health Requirements
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