MCQ on Intellectual

Property Law

SAUR ABH BINDALAdvocate

Alumnus: Rajiv Gandhi School of Intellectual Property Law,Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India

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Preface

“A book is a device to ignite the imagination”

—Alan Bennett

Beyond territories, for structuring businesses and advocat-

ing research, the use of intellectual property protection has

been a subject of debate. It has been recognised worldwide

that intellectual property protection serves to provide a il-

lip to knowledge based economies. In the era of liberalisa-

tion and globalisation, the need for cross border trade and

services has further stimulated more research in this disci-

pline. At times where nations across are forcing each other

to bring in stringent norms for the protection of intellectual

property, it has become imperative to understand the nitty

gritty of the subject at national level.

The present book provides its readers an insight of the

realm of intellectual property protection in India by build-

ing on the understanding through a series of multiple choice

questions. It intrigues the readers to fathom the profundity

of the law related to protection of intellectual property.

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This book will prove useful to students, faculty, research-

ers, people appearing for Patent Agent Examination, All

India Bar Examination and all those who wish to develop

an understanding on the law related to protection of intel-

lectual property.

—SAURABH BINDALAdvocate

Alumnus: Rajiv Gandhi School of Intellectual Property LawIndian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur

About the Author

Saurabh Bindal is an advocate, practicing law, based out of

Delhi, India. He was called to Bar in the year 2012. Saurabh

holds degree in engineering and law. He is an alumnus of

Rajiv Gandhi School of Intellectual Property Law, Indian

Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India. Saurabh has

worked with reputed law irms in India. He has authored

two book and numerous papers on the study of intellectual

property law. He has also undertaken speaking assignments

at various forums. His interest areas include Constitution

and its intersection with intellectual property law.

Acknowledgement

“For you, a thousand times over”

—Khaled Hosseini—The Kite Runner

Every created work is a result of fortitude and persever-

ance. On one hand, family is the biggest source of courage.

Determination, on the other hand, comes from cognitive

learning.

At the outset, I acknowledge my family for being sup-

portive in the present work. It is on their courage that I

blindly follow the unbeaten path. I draw my patience to

continue in my endeavours from my nephews and niece and

I would fail in my duties if I won’t acknowledge them for

their assistance.

I would not be at parity if I fail to show my gratitude

towards my un-named friends. They have on each occa-

sion set aims for me which I have tried to fulil. The profes-

sors at my alma mater also deserve my sincere thanks for

instilling in me the meaning of hope, faith and belief. My

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colleagues at the Bar also deserve a special mention for duti-

fully accepting me with my vices.

I would also like to acknowledge Eastern Book Company

for readily accepting the manuscript and putting their team

on the task of getting things in order. The editors of Eastern

Book Company deserve equal acknowledgement for shap-

ing the present work.

Last but not the least, I thank the almighty. For you, a

thousand times over… .

—SAURABH BINDALAdvocate

Alumnus: Rajiv Gandhi School of Intellectual Property LawIndian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur

Contents

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XI

About the Author . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XIII

Acknowledgement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XV

1. Introduction to Intellectual Property

Concept of Intellectual property . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Theories of intellectual property . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

The Indian picture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

International arrangements for protection

of intellectual property . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Copyright . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Patents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Trade marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Geographical indications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Semiconductor integrated circuits layout-design . . . . . . . . . . 5

Designs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Protection of plant varieties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Intellectual property management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

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2. Patents Act, 1970

Patentability and patent-eligibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Patent speciication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Procedure to obtain patent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Rights of patentee and limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Revocation of patent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Working of patent and compulsory licensing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Utility model protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

3. Trade Marks Act, 1999

Import of trade mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Well known trade marks, certiication marks

and collective trade marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Procedure for registration of trade mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Grant of registration and the rights bestowed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Passing of versus infringement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Trade mark over internet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

4. Geographical Indications of Goods

(Registration and Protection) Act, 1999

Import of geographical indications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Registration of geographical indications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

Term of protection and rights accrued . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

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5. Copyright Act, 1957

Import of copyright . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

Concept of original work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

Idea–expression dichotomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

Author and owner of copyright . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

Registration and term of copyright . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

Rights of performers and broadcasting organisations . . . . . . . . . . 98

Assignment and licensing of copyright . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98

Copyright society . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Infringement of copyright . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Protection of technological measures and

rights management information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100

6. Designs Act, 2000

Import of design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

Procedure for registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

Term of registration and rights bestowed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

Cancellation of design registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

Infringement of copyright in design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

7. Semiconductor Integrated

Circuits Layout-Design Act, 2000

Prerequisites for registration of integrated circuit layout-design 127

Procedure for registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128

Term of protection and rights bestowed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

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8. Protection of Plant Varieties

and Farmers’ Rights Act, 2001

Subject-matter of registration under the Act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137

Procedure for registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

Registration of new variety, extant variety

and farmers’ variety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

Registration of essentially derived varieties . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

Term of protection and rights conferred by registration . . . . . . . 141

Rights other than that of breeders in the Act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141

Farmers’ rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141

Right of communities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

9. Trade Secret Protection in India

Sustainability of non-disclosure and

non-compete clauses in India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154

Protection of trade Secrets against third parties . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154

10. Jurisdiction of Courts and Remedies

Jurisdiction in online world . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164

Remedies available to intellectual property rights holder . . . . . 164

Civil remedies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164

Border measures for protection of

intellectual property . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164

Criminal remedies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165

Subject Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177