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American Academy Larnaca

Year 5 TestDouble Science Physics

Topic P2.11:Putting radiation to use

Topic P2.12:Power of the atom

TTThhhuuurrrsssdddaaayyy 222111 MMMaaayyy2010

Multiple choice

Time: 20 minutes

FORMULAE

You may find the following formulae useful.

time

ntdisplacemevelocityaverage =

t

sv =

time

yin velocitchangeonaccelerati =

t

uva

)( =

force = mass acceleration F= m a

momentum = mass velocity p = m v

change in

potential energy= mass gravitational field strength change in height PE= m g h

kinetic energy = mass (velocity)2 KE= mv2

electrical energy = voltage current time E= VI t

takentime

doneworkpower=

t

WP=

work done = force distance moved in the direction of the force W=Fs

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Radioactivity

1. The diagram shows the effect of parts of the body on the radiation from four radioactive sources.Which source gives out alpha particles only?

2. A radioactive isotope of Krypton is written as

Kr8936

The number of protons in this nucleus is

A 36

B 53

C 89

D 125

3. Krypton-89 has a half-life of 3.2 minutes.It decays by emitting a beta particle.A sample contains 64 g of krypton-89.How much of the original krypton-89 will remain after 6.4 minutes?

A 0 g

B 16 g

C 32 g

D 128 g

A

B

C

D

skin muscle bone

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4. Which of these is correct for gamma rays but not for X-rays?

A low ionising ability

B travel through muscle

C can expose photographic plates

D produced in the nucleus of an atom

5. The diagram shows the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.

Which of these shows an isotope of this?

A B C D

Uses of radiation

6. Alpha particles are used in some smoke detectors.This is because alpha particles have

A high kinetic energy

B low mass

C low chemical energy

D high ionizing ability

7. A smoke detector is fitted to the ceiling in a room.Alpha particles in the smoke detector come from an isotope of the element americium.The radiation from the smoke detector is usually not harmful.This is because

A alpha particles are electromagnetic waves

B alpha particles only travel a few centimetres in air

C alpha particles cause very little ionisation

D alpha particles are too large to enter human cells

protons

neutrons

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8. The position of a leak of fuel from an underground pipe can be traced using radioactivity.The type of radiation used is

A X-raysB gamma rays

C alpha particles

D beta particles

9. Which row of the table correctly matches the types of radiation and their uses?

treating brain cancer through the skull sterilising medical equipment

A gamma gamma

B alpha gamma

C gamma alpha

D alpha alpha

10. A teacher measured the half-life of a radioactive element.Her results were

54 s 57 s 55 s 116 s 58 s

The value she should use for half-life is

A 54 s

B 56 s

C 68 s

D 116 s

Earths

surface

pipe

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A Radioactivity Investigation

Anne and Peter watch their teacher demonstrate an experiment using a source of beta particles.This is the apparatus she used to investigate the absorption of beta particles by sheets of aluminium.

11. Anne and Peter discuss the dangers of ionising radiation.

Who is correct?

A Anne only

B Peter only

C both Anne and Peter

D neither

12. These are the teachers results.

thickness of

aluminium sheet (mm)0 2 4 6 8 10 20

reading (counts per minute):

1st

attempt150 90 53 30 28 27 29

reading (counts per minute):

2nd

attempt147 93 51 32 27 28 30

Why does the reading from the radiation detector not reach zero?

A aluminium is not dense enough to stop beta particles

B aluminium sheets reflect beta particles

C the experiment is not valid

D some of the radiation is due to background radiation

Older people are not affected

by ionising radiation.

Anne

Ionising radiation can cause

mutation of living cells.

Peter

source of

beta radiation

sheets of aluminium

being tested

radiation

detectorcounter

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Electrostatics

Paul and Jim are investigating static electricity.Paul charges a plastic strip by rubbing it with a dry cloth.The strip becomes negatively charged.

Paul holds the negatively charged strip below a negatively charged balloon.

13. Which row of the table correctly shows the direction of electrostatic forces?

direction the strip pushes the balloon direction the balloon pushes the strip

A

B

C

D

14. During rubbing the plastic strip becomes negatively charged when it

A gains electrons

B loses electrons

C gains protons

D loses protons

negatively charged

plastic strip

negatively charged

balloon

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Special precautions have to be taken when refuelling aeroplanes.15. When an aeroplane is refuelled, the risk of an explosion is reduced by

A putting conducting particles in the fuel

B standing the aeroplane and tanker on rubber mats

C connecting the aeroplane and tanker to the ground with a conductorD connecting the aeroplane and tanker to the ground with an insulator

The Atom

Jane and Susie are researching atomic structure and nuclear reactions.They learn about a famous experiment in which alpha particles pass close to gold nuclei.Both the gold nucleus and the alpha particle have a positive charge.

16. Which of these could be the path of an alpha particle passing very close to a gold nucleus?

gold

nucleus

gold

nucleus

gold

nucleus

gold

nucleus

A B

C D

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Nuclear fusion

17. Alice finds out about the difference between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion.Which row of the table is correct for nuclearfusion?

type of nuclei used nuclear fusion takes place

A isotopes of uranium in stars

B isotopes of hydrogen in stars

C isotopes of hydrogen in nuclear power stations

D isotopes of uranium in nuclear power stations

Nuclear power stations

Nuclear power stations and nuclear bombs use chain reactions to produce electricity.Nuclear bombs make use of uncontrolled chain reactions.

18. Toppling dominoes can be used to illustrate nuclear reactions.Which of these arrangements best illustrates an uncontrolled chain reaction?

A B

C

push

push push

push

D

direction

of toppling

direction

of toppling

direction

of toppling

direction

of toppling

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19. Which chart correctly shows the energy flow as electrical energy is produced from nuclear fission?

A

B

C

D

20. Which graph best represents the energy output from a controlled chain reaction in a power station?

Turn over

nuclearenergy

electricalenergy

thermalenergy

kineticenergy

nuclear

energy

electrical

energy

kinetic

energy

thermal

energy

nuclear

energy

electrical

energy

chemical

energy

kinetic

energy

nuclear

energy

electrical

energy

kinetic

energy

chemical

energy

time

energy

output

A

time

energy

output

B

time

energy

output

C

time

energy

output

D

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21. The waste from the reactor core can be put into steel containers.The containers are then buried deep underground.

These precautions are taken because the waste is

A acidic

B corrosive

C flammable

D radioactive

22. Dave and Barbara discuss nuclear power stations.

Who is correct?

A Dave only

B Barbara only

C both Dave and Barbara

D neither

Turn over

In a nuclear power stationliquid nitrogen is used to

control the chain reaction.

Dave Barbara

Only the unused uranium isradioactive so the fission products

can be released into the sea.

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Deflecting moving particles

The diagram shows the effect of a magnetic field on two charged particles P and Q.

P and Q are travelling at the same speed particles with more mass are more difficult to deflect particles with more charge are easier to deflect particles with charges of opposite sign are deflected in opposite directions

23. Which one cannotbe correct?

A If they have the same mass, then P has more charge than Q

B If they have the same amount of charge, then P has more mass than Q

C IfP has more mass than Q, then P has more charge than Q

D The charge on P has an opposite sign to the charge on Q

Turn over

magnetic field

in shaded region

P

Q

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24. Two other particles Rand S enter the magnetic field along the same path andat the same speed as P and Q.

Karl and Jane discuss the four paths.

Who is correct?

A Karl only

B Jane only

C both Karl and Jane

D neither

TOTAL FOR MULTIPLE CHOICE PAPER: 24 MARKS________________________________________________________________________________

END

magnetic field

in shaded region

P

Q

S

R

S is either much more massive

than Q or it has little charge.

Karl Jane

Rcould have the same mass as Qbut

have more charge with an opposite sign.