maximum availability on private clouds · maximum availability on private clouds ......

Maximum Availability on Private CloudsAmmar Fayoumi – Senior Presale Consultant

Oracle

Oct, 19, 2011

Egypt

Cairo

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No Time for Downtime?

© Copyright © 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

MaxAvail_NoTimeForDowntime_RACPatching.wmv

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From Barron’s Online

…their Web site has been down for hours. Around noon Pacific time, the site said it would be back up at 1 P.M. Pacific; a few minutes ago it said the site will be up again at 4 p.m. And now there is no time reference at all. The site now says:

The web site is temporarily unavailable.We apologize for any inconvenience this causes you.

Please visit us again soon.You can contact Customer Service at 1-888-xxx-xxxx

Note: The company’s stock price fell 6% on the same day

Twenty Two Hour OutagePopular E-Commerce Site

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• Site outage due to large-scale disasters

– Fire, floods, hurricanes, earthquakes . . .

• Local outages that occur more frequently

– Faulty system components

– Data corruptions

– Backup/recovery of bad data

– Wrong batch job

– Operator errors

– Planned maintenance

– Bad HW/SW installations, upgrades …

Data Protection & High Availability (HA)Universal Requirements for Today’s Business

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• Relies on idle redundancy

– Active/passive server failover

– Idle disaster recovery servers & storage

• Multiple 3rd party components to integrate

Traditional High AvailabilityIdle Redundancy

Idle Failover

Server

Idle

Storage Arrays

Idle Disaster

Recovery


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Fast Recovery Area

Active Data Guard

Oracle Maximum Availability ArchitectureNo idle redundancy

Automatic Storage Management

Real Application Clusters

Data Guard

Secure Backups to Cloud and Tape


Primary Database Standby Database

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Oracle Maximum Availability ArchitectureRemove the need for planned downtime

Add/Remove Storage


Table & Index Redefinition

Undo Human Error

Add/Remove Nodes

Rolling Patches & PSUs

Rolling Upgrades

Automated Upgrade Testing

Online Application Upgrade

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Evolving Computing EnvironmentsMoving to Cloud Computing


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• An extensive series of

technical best practices

to ensure maximum

availability in con-

solidated environments

and in the private cloud.

Maximum Availability Architecture (MAA)Architecture and Best Practices for the Private Cloud

Ref. http://www.oracle.com/goto/maa


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Evolution Towards MAAStart with a Single Server

Database Instance

Database Storage

Oracle benefits:

• Integrated corruption detection

• Integrated volume management (ASM)

• Optimum I/O performance

• Provision or migrate storage online

• Automatic storage tuning

• Integrated disk mirroring

• Integrated Oracle backups (RMAN + OSB)

• Block validation

• Online block-level recovery

• Unused block compression

• Online, multi-streamed backup

• Native encryption

• Multiple compression levels

• Fast backups to disk, tape, cloud (Amazon S3)

Oracle Database

Automatic Storage Management (ASM)

Recovery Manager (RMAN)

Oracle Secure Backup (OSB)


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Vulnerable to downtime and data loss:

• Server failures

• Database instance crashes

• Administrator errors

• Data corruptions

• Network outages

• Site failures

• Most planned maintenances

• All users impacted by any outage

Evolution Towards MAAStart with a Single Server, but …

Database Instance

Database Storage

CRASH


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Protection from some downtime

• Unplanned: – Server failures

– Instance crashes

• Planned– Online relocation of Oracle instance

– Rolling upgrades for maintenance & patches

Risks of other downtime remain: • Administrator errors


• Network outages

• Site failures

• Patch set and database upgrades

• Users impacted by many outages

• Unused server resource, till failure occurs

Evolution Towards MAA … contd.Protect Instance with RAC One Node

Database Instance

Database Storage

Active Passive


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Real Application Clusters (RAC) –

best solution for Server HA:

• Protection from server failures

• Protection from database instance crashes

• Enables rolling patch upgrades

• All instances / servers are active

• Scale throughput by simply adding servers online

• Automated workload management

Still need to eliminate downtime from:

• Administrator errors


• Network outages

• Site failures

• Patch set and database upgrades

Evolution Towards MAA … contd.Enhance Server Scalability & Availability with RAC

Database Instance

Database Storage

RAC: All Servers Active


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Oracle Real Application ClustersWhat customers think…


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FlashbackDatabase

FlashbackTransaction

FlashbackTable

FlashbackQuery

Fast recovery from human errors

• Oracle-integrated Continuous Data Protection (CDP)

• Operates only on changed data in a highly optimized manner

• Reduces correction time from hours to minutes

• Correction Time = Error Time + f(DB_SIZE)

• Simple commands instead of complex procedure

Evolution Towards MAA … contd.Eliminate Administrator Errors with Flashback


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Evolution Towards MAA … contd.Disaster Protection: How about Storage Mirroring?

Database Instance

Database Storage

Primary Site: RAC - All Servers Active DR Site: All Servers Inactive

Storage Mirroring

Storage mirroring: Redundant storage protects from storage failures, but:

• No protection from physical data corruptions

• DR systems offline during mirroring – no real-time data validation

• Distance limited, storage vendor lock-in, manual failover, no rolling upgrades, high network use


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Log Buffer

OnlineLogs

fil

Archive

Logs

Flashback

Logs

Control

Files

Data

Files

SYSTEM

USER

TEMP

UNDO

Primary Volumes Target Volumes

Network I/OOracle Apply

& Validation7X more

network volume

27X more network I/Os

Zero Oracleawareness

Poor isolation

Idle standbysystems

Example: Storage Mirroring WeaknessHigh Usage of Network Resources


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Evolution Towards MAA … contd.Integrated HA & DR with RAC and Active Data Guard

Database Instance

Database Storage

Primary Site: RAC - All Servers Active Standby Site: All Servers Read-Only Active

Data Guard

Data Guard: Oracle-integrated disaster recovery & data protection solution:

• Protection from storage, site, network failures and data corruptions

• Reporting, queries, backups offloaded to DR systems – supports real-time data validation

• No distance limitation, storage agnostic, automatic failover, rolling upgrades, optimized network use


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Log Buffer

OnlineLogs

fil

Archive

Logs

Flashback

Logs

Control

Files

Data

Files

SYSTEM

USER

TEMP

UNDO

Primary Database Standby DatabaseNetwork I/O

Oracle Apply

& Validation

End-to-endvalidation

Storage agnostic

Automatic block repair

Real-time reporting

Oracle-aware physical replication

Strong isolation

Example: Data Guard StrengthOptimized Usage of Network Resources


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Data center moves

Technology refresh

32 bit to 64 bit

Windows to Linux

AIX 64 bit to Solaris Sparc

Migrate to RAC

Migrate to ASM

Migrate to Exadata

System maintenance

Database rolling upgrades

Index and storage changes

Implement Advanced

Compression

Migrate to SecureFiles

Test new features

See My Oracle Support Note 413484.1 for details

Data Guard: Rolling MaintenanceMinimize Planned Downtime


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Protection against

downtime and data loss:

Server failures

Database instance crashes

Storage subsystem failures

System induced data corruptions

Administrator errors

Network outages

Site failures

System maintenance

One-off patches and CPUs

Database patch-sets and upgradesOracle Database, ASM, RMAN, Oracle

RAC, Flashback, Data Guard, Enterprise Manager

PrimaryDatabase

ActiveStandby

Database

Open read-write Open read-only

Oracle Enterprise Manager

Data Guard

Evolution Towards MAA … contd.Scorecard so far


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• Database rolling upgrades from pre-Oracle Database 10g

• Flexible upgrade strategies that incorporate active-active

multimaster replication

• Cross-endian platform migrations

• Migration from non-Oracle databases to Oracle

• A number of other cross platform migrations

• Application upgrades

Planned MaintenanceNot Yet Addressed Completely


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RAC, Data Guard, GoldenGateIntegrated HA, DR and Active-Active Replication

GoldenGate

- Information Distribution

- Heterogeneous

Bi-directional

Replication Subsetting MySQL

Standby

Database

Active Data Guard

- DR & Data Protection

- Real-time Query

Primary

Database

RAC

- Scalability

- Server HA


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Oracle Maximum Availability ArchitectureLow-cost, Integrated, Fully Active, High ROI

Active Data Guard–Data Protection, DR

–Query Offload

GoldenGate–Active-active

–Heterogeneous

Oracle Secure Backup–Backup to tape / cloud

Active Replica

Edition-based Redefinition,

Data Guard, GoldenGate– Minimal downtime maintenance, upgrades, migrations

RAC–Scalability

–Server HA

Flashback–Human error

correction

Production Site

ASM–Volume Management

RMAN & Fast Recovery Area–On-disk backups


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Outage Oracle Solution (s) Downtime

Server failure Oracle RAC, Clusterware Zero

Storage failure Automatic Storage Management (ASM) Zero

Database and site failure Oracle Data Guard < 60 seconds

Data corruptions Oracle Data Guard Zero to < 60 seconds

Human Errors Oracle Flashback Technologies 80x faster than restore

MAA RecommendationsProtection from Unplanned Outages


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Planned Event Oracle Solution(s) Downtime

Operating system and hardware

maintenance, add/remove cluster

nodes or storage

Oracle RAC, Clusterware, ASM Zero

Oracle one-off patches, critical

patch updates, file system and

clusterware upgrades

Oracle RAC, Clusterware, ASM Zero

Site maintenance, cluster-wide

maintenanceOracle Data Guard, GoldenGate Minimal or zero

Oracle patch-set and full Oracle

release upgradesOracle Data Guard, GoldenGate Minimal or zero

Platform Migrations Oracle Data Guard, GoldenGate Minimal or zero

Application upgrades Edition-based redefinition, GoldenGate Zero

MAA RecommendationsMinimizing Planned Downtime


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Resources

• Database High Availability

– oracle.com/ha

• High Availability Best Practices

– oracle.com/goto/maa

• Active Data Guard Hands-On Lab– oracle.com/technetwork/database/features/availability/data-guard-hol-176005.html

– Same experience as on-site lab at Oracle OpenWorld 2010

– Linked from both the above two portals


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