mating seasons and plant reproduction
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Mating seasons and Plant reproduction. When does mating occur?. Usually mating occurs just prior to fertilisation – sperm does not survive for long Females of some animals can store the sperm for later use – Queen Bee only mates once, and uses stored sperm to produce drones and workers. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Mating seasons and Plant reproduction
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When does mating occur?
• Usually mating occurs just prior to fertilisation – sperm does not survive for long
• Females of some animals can store the sperm for later use – Queen Bee only mates once, and uses stored sperm to produce drones and workers
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Breeding seasons
• Eggs and sperm available at the same time
• Spawning season for spawners, mating season for internal fertilisers
010203040506070
Jan
Mar May Jul
Sept
NovJa
nMar May Ju
lSep Nov
Species 1Species 2Species 3Species 4
Num
er o
f mat
ing
per
100
Months
MATING SEASONS
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Oestrous cycle
• In humans, known as the menstrual cycle
• Mammalian females have a period of egg release
Type of cycle Examples
One oestrous cycle per year
Wolves, foxes, bears
Several cycles within a short period (triggered by day length)
Deer, sheep, goats
Several cycles within short period (triggered by spring)
Hamsters, horses
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Mate then die
• Some animals only reproduce once in their life
• Short-finned eel live for many years, but only make the reproductive migration once. Eggs are shed in water, and fertilised by male, then adults die
• Chinook Salmon
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Activities
Glossary: oestrous cycle, mating season, spawning season
Quick Check pg 395
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Plant reproduction
Remember:
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Ensuring pollen transfer
Wind pollination
Plants that rely on wind pollination:
-Have ugly flowers
-Have a sticky or feathery stigma
-Have stamens exposed to the wind
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Insect pollination- Blue or purple, as
this is visible to insects
- May be shaped with a landing platform
- May have scent of food for insects (eg. Rotting meat for blowflies)
- White or yellow dots that work as reflectors
Insect must push through pollen to get to nectar
Greenhood Orchids catch gnats, which can only escape by brushing past the anther
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Bird pollination
• Red, orange or yellow – attracts birds
• Usually unscented
• Nectaries at base of flower
Pollen falls on birds’ heads, and is taken to the next flower
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Moving plant offspring
• Plant embryo is usually enclosed in a seed or fruit
• May be moved away from parent plant via:• Sailing on the wind• Drifting on water currents• Hitchhiking ON animals• Hitchhiking IN animals
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Activities
Glossary: wind pollination, insect pollination, bird pollination
Quick Check pg 400
Biochallenge pg 401
Chapter Review Q 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 11, 12