mathmatics presentation

8/2/2019 Mathmatics Presentation

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MATHMATICSWELCOME TO OUR PRESENTATION1


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PRESENTEDBY

Monika Shama Rusha - 12102150

Md. Sazzad Hossain - 12102166

Naznin Haque Nipa - 12102168

Kanij Fatema - 12102178 Ajharul Islam - 12102175

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CONCEPTS OF NUMBER

Natural Numbers

Whole Numbers

Integers

Real Numbers

Rational Numbers

Scientific Notation Ratio and Proportion

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NATURAL NUMBER :

The numbers with which we count, that is, theNatural Numbers.1,2,3,4,5,.etc

We will denote the collection or set of NaturalNumbers by N.

There are 2 types of Natural Numbers.

NATURAL

COMPOSITE PRIME 5


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PRIME NUMBER:-

A Prime number is not expressible as a

product of factors other than 1 andITSELF. The prime numbers between 1 to20 are1,2,3,5,7,9,11,13,17, and19. Forexample:- 11=1, 21=2

A Composite number is expressible as aproduct of prime factors other 1 and ITSELF.

The Prime numbers are 4,6,8,10,12,14,15,16,18,20Example:- 4= 41=4 , 22=4

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COMPOSITE NUMBERS:-


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INTEGER:-

Integer is the combination of the set of wholenumbers and the set of negative integer .

For ex:- . . . . . . -3,-2, -1, 0,1 ,2 ,3 , 4, . . . . . . . . .

COMPLEX NUMBER:-

Non real number is called

Complex number.Example :- -3, -2, -5/7

(a+ib) is the form of Complex number.7


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REAL NUMBERS:-

Real numbers is thecombination set of Rational and Irrational numbers.

The set of Real numbers is denoted by R.

real

rational irrational

Irrational numbers :- Among the numbers thatare not rational are called Irrational numbers.

Example :- 7/5, .33338


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RATIONAL NUMBERS :-

The Rational number is a number that can be writtenin the form a/b

Where a and b are integers and b0.

Rational numbers can be written in 2 forms.

RATIONAL

fraction decimal

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FRACTIONNUMBER:-

When a rational numbers are expressed by a fractionfrom that is called a fractional form of rationalnumbers.

Ex:- 5/7, 10/3

DECIMAL :-

When a rational numbers written as a decimal that is

called a decimal form.Ex :- 0.125, -0.76, 8.333

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DECIMALNUMBER :-

There are 2 forms of Decimal number.

DECIMAL

repeating form terminating form

Repeating form :- A Repeating form is one that continues on foreverbut that eventually begins to repeat the same digit over and overwithout end.

For ex:- 0.8989.., and 5.4123123.

Terminating form:- Terminating form is one that eventually stops; ithas only a finite number of nonzero decimal places.

Example :- 0.125, -0.564, 17.4521 11


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SCIENTIFIC NOTATION, RATIO, PROPORTION :-

Scientific notation :-

Scientific notation is a way of writing anumber as the product of a power of 10 and a decimal numberwith one (nonzero) digit to the left of the decimal point.

Ex :- 3.9710, 4.610

RATIO :-

Ratio is a comparison of two quantities. Its denoted bya/b or a:b.

PROPORTION :-

Proportion is a statement that two ratios are equal.

An example of a true proportion is 2/3 = 12/18.

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MEASUREMENTANDDATAHANDLING

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THE MEASUREMENT PROCESS :-

The measurement process is a series of steps involvingselection of a standard, comparison of the quantity to beevaluated with the standard and recording a result.

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ENGLISH AND SI SYSTEM :-

English system SI system

also called : also called :

British system Metric system

Engineering system MKS system (meter, kilogram,

FPS system (for foot, pound, second)

second) MKSA system (for meter, kilo

gram, second, ampere)

In each system ,

units are defined for certain basic quantities. 15


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BASICQUANTITYANDUNIT :-

A basic quantity is a physical quantity that is defined in termsof a standard without reference to other quantity.

A unit is a name given to the standard that represent a basicquantity.

Here, 5 common basic quantities :-

Quantity English unit SI unit C

length foot meter

mass slug(nb)* kilogram

force pound new ton (nb)*

Time second second

Current ampere ampere

*(nb) signifies nonbasic units. 16


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UNITSFORTHESEQUANTITIESWILLFREQUENTLYBEDESIGNATEDBYAONEORTWOLETTERABBREVIATION.

English system SI system

foot (ft) meter (m)

slug (no abbrev) kilogram (kg)

second (s) second (s)pound (lb) new ton (N)

ampere (A) ampere (A)

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CONVERSIONTABLE :-

Table 1.1 : ENGLISH to SI

Value of English conversion =value in SI

unit of : factor unit offeet (ft) 0.3048 (m ft) meters (m)

pounds (lb) 4.45 (N lb ) new tons (N)

seconds (s) 1 seconds (s)

slugs (lb-s ft ) 14.59 (kg slug) kilograms(kg)

velocity (ft s) 0.3048 (m ft) (m s)

work (ft-lb) 1.356 (J (ft-lb)) joules (J)

power (ft-lb s ) 1.356 watts (W)

pounds (lb) 0.4536 kilograms

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CONVERSIONTABLE :-

Table 1.2 : SI to English

Value of SI conversion =value in

unit of: factor English unit of:

meters (m) 3.281 (ft m) feet (ft)

new tons (N) 0.2247 (lb N) pounds (lb)

seconds (s) 1 seconds (s)

kilograms (kg) 0.0685 (slug kg) slugs (lb-s ft)

velocity (m s) 3.281 (ft m) (ft s)

work (J) 0.7376 (ft-lb J) (ft-lb)

power (W) 0.7375 (ft-lb s)

kilograms (kg) 2.205 pounds

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HERE, THEUNITPREFIXES, THEIRABBREVIATIONAND:-

unit prefix Abbreviation

giga G giga

mega M mega

kilo k kilo

hecto h base

deca da milli

deci d micro

centi c nano

milli m pico

micro u

nano n

pico p

We arrange the units in a manner that will suggest a method of conversionfrom one unit to another.

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