material testing by. keith
TRANSCRIPT
Quality Control &
Material Testing
• (QC) is a procedure or set of procedures intended to ensure that a manufactured product or performed service adheres to a defined set of quality criteria or meets the requirements of the client or customer.
• Controls include product inspectionemphasizes testing of products to uncover defects and reporting to management who make the
decision to allow or deny product release
Quality Control
• The basic goal of this process is to ensure that the products or services that are provided meet specific requirements and characteristics, such as being dependable, satisfactory, safe and fiscally sound
Objective
• Materials testing is the process of pulling bending, twisting, turning, hitting, and squeezing materials or components to make sure they withstand the intense stresses, strains and impact forces they are likely to experience in use and application. In other words, materials’ testing examines the overall strength, toughness, flexibility, suitability and fitness for purpose.
Materials Testing
Cement Test
tests on cements are carried to know the quality of cement supplied at site. It gives some idea about cement quality based on color, touch and feel and other tests.
Cement Test
Physical Test
Fineness Test
Initial setting time and Final setting time
Soundness test
Consistency test
Compressive strength
Chemical Analysis
SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, and MgO
Loss on Ignition
Insoluble Residue
Sulphur Trioxide
Cement Test
• Fineness Test
is measured by sieving it on standard sieve(90µm IS sieve ) to determine the proportion of cement whose grain size is larger than specified mesh size
Physical Test
• Initial Setting TimePlace the test block
under the rod bearing the needle. Lower the needle gently in order to make contact with the surface of the cement paste and release quickly, allowing it to penetrate the test block
Physical Test
• Final Setting Time
The period elapsing between the time, water is added to the cement and the time, the needle makes an impression on the surface of the test block, while the attachment fails to do so.
Physical Test
Soundness Testa specimen of
hardened cement paste is boiled for a fixed time so that any tendency to expand is speeded up and can be detected. Soundness means the ability to resist volume expansion.
Le-Chatelier
Physical Test
Consistency The basic aim is to
find out the water content required to produce a cement paste of standard
consistency
Le-Chatelier
Physical Test
Compressive Strength
of cement is determined by compressive strength test on mortar cubes compacted by means of a standard vibration machine. Standard sand (IS:650) is used for the preparation of cement mortar. The specimen is in the form of cubes 70.6mm*70.6mm*70.6mm.
Physical Test
Loss on ignition is calculated by heating up a cement sample to 900 – 1000°C (1650 – 1830°F) until a constant weight is obtained. The weight loss of the sample due to heating is then determined. A high loss on ignition can indicate rehydration and carbonation, which may be caused by improper and prolonged storage or adulteration during transport or transfer.
Chemical Analysis
Aggregates Test
This test method is used to determine the grading of aggregates extracted from bituminous mixtures. The results are used to determine compliance of the particle size distribution with applicable specifications requirements, and to provide necessary data for control of the production of various aggregates to be used in bituminous mixtures.
Aggregates Test
Aggregates Test
Specific Gravity
Absorption
Unit Weight
Fineness Modulus
Soundness
Organic Impurities Abrasion Loss % Wash Loss Mortar Strength Clay Lumps
Physical Properties
Mechanical Analysis
Sieve Analysis
Physical Properties
Specific Gravity- the coarse aggregate specific
gravity test is used to calculate the specific gravity of a coarse aggregate sample by determining the ratio of the weight of a given volume of aggregate to the weight of an equal volume of water.
Absorption- is the increase in mass due to water in the pores of the material
Coarse and Fine Aggregates
Specific Gravity and Absorption
Physical Properties
Unit Weight- The bulk unit weight of
aggregate is needed for the proportioning of portlandcement concrete mixtures.
AbrasionAggregates blended to a fixed size distribution are placed in a large steel drum with standard sized steel balls that act as an abrasive charge. The drum is rotated, typically for 500 revolutions
Abrasion loss
Coarse Aggregates
Dry Unit Mass
Sieve AnalysisIn this we use different sieves as standardized by the IS code and then pass aggregates through them and thus collect different sized particles left over different sieves.The apparatus used are –sizes – 80mm, 63mm, 50mm, 40mm,31.5mm, 25mm, 20mm, 16mm, 12.5mm, 10mm, 6.3mm,4.75mm, 3.35mm, 2.36mm, 1.18mm, 600µm, 300µm, 150µm and 75µm.
Mechanical Analysis
Coarse Aggregates
Sieve Analysis
Fine Aggregates
Test on Reinforcing Steel Bars
Test on Reinforcing Steel Bars
I Physical Properties
Length of Test Specimen Weight of Test Specimen Nominal Diameter Nominal Cross Sectional Area Unit Mass of Specimen Variation in Mass DEFORMATION Ave. Spacing of Lugs Ave. Height of Lugs Sum Gap of Lugs
Test on Reinforcing Steel Bars
II Mechanical Properties
Yield Point Tensile Strength TS/ YS Ratio Elongation Cold blend Test Diameter of Pin Used Bending Angle Description of fracture
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