materi3 pti2014

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Pengantar Teknologi Pengantar Teknologi InformasiInformasi

Materi 3Materi 3Perangkat Komputer: Memahami Perangkat Komputer: Memahami

Bagian & KomponenKomputerBagian & KomponenKomputer

Semester Gasal TA.2014/2015Semester Gasal TA.2014/2015

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Sub Pokok BahasanSub Pokok Bahasan

• Fungsi komputerFungsi komputer

• Data versus informasiData versus informasi

• Bits dan bytesBits dan bytes

• Perangkat InputPerangkat Input

• Perangkat OutputPerangkat Output

• Satuan SistemSatuan Sistem

• ErgonomikErgonomik

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Komputer mrpk Komputer mrpk perangkat pengolahan dataperangkat pengolahan data

• 4 fungsi utama komputer :4 fungsi utama komputer :– Mengumpulkan data (pengguna menginput Mengumpulkan data (pengguna menginput

data)data)– Memproses data mejadi informasiMemproses data mejadi informasi– Menghasilkan data atau informasiMenghasilkan data atau informasi– Menyimpan data dan informasiMenyimpan data dan informasi

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Data vs. InformasiData vs. Informasi

• Data: Meeepresentasi fakta atau ideaData: Meeepresentasi fakta atau idea

• Informasi: terorgaInformasi: terorganinisir, data ygn bermaknasir, data ygn bermakna

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Bits and Bytes: Bits and Bytes: The Language of ComputersThe Language of Computers

• Bit– Binary digit– 0 or 1

• Byte– Delapan bits

• Masing huruf, bilangan, dan karakter = a string of eight 0s and 1s

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How Much Is a Byte?How Much Is a Byte?

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Software KomputerSoftware Komputer

• Software: Software: Program yang memungkin-Program yang memungkin-kan perangkat keras untuk melakukan kan perangkat keras untuk melakukan tugas yang berbedatugas yang berbeda– Software aplikasiSoftware aplikasi– Software sistemSoftware sistem

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Hardware Komputer Hardware Komputer

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Perangkat InputPerangkat Input• Perangkat yang digunakan untuk Perangkat yang digunakan untuk

memasukkan informasi atau instruksi memasukkan informasi atau instruksi ke dalam komputerke dalam komputer

– KeyboardKeyboard– Mouse/pointing deviceMouse/pointing device– Microphone Microphone – ScannerScanner– Digital cameraDigital camera– StylusStylus

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KeyboardsKeyboards

• The QWERTY layout The QWERTY layout is standard on most is standard on most PCsPCs

• Enhanced keyboard Enhanced keyboard features include features include number, function, and number, function, and navigation keys.navigation keys.

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Dvorak KeyboardsDvorak Keyboards

• Puts the most commonly used keys on “home keys”Puts the most commonly used keys on “home keys”• Reduces distance of finger stretchesReduces distance of finger stretches

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Specialty KeyboardsSpecialty Keyboards• Notebook keyboardNotebook keyboard• PDA stylusPDA stylus• Tablet PCsTablet PCs• Wireless keyboardWireless keyboard

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Mice / TetikusMice / Tetikus• Optical mouseOptical mouse

– Needs no mouse padNeeds no mouse pad– Doesn’t need cleaningDoesn’t need cleaning– Is more expensiveIs more expensive

• TrackballTrackball– Easier on wristsEasier on wrists– Stays stationary on deskStays stationary on desk

• Wireless Wireless – Use radio or light wavesUse radio or light waves

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New Mouse FeaturesNew Mouse Features• Instant viewerInstant viewer

• MagnifierMagnifier

• Customizable Customizable buttonsbuttons

• Web searchWeb search

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Perangkat Input LainnyaPerangkat Input Lainnya• ScannersScanners

– TextText– Images Images

• Digital camerasDigital cameras– Images Images – Video Video

Flatbed scanner

Handheld scanner

Digital camera

Camcorder

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• EPOS Digital PenEPOS Digital Pen

• Web CamWeb Cam– Live videoLive video

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Inputting SoundInputting Sound• Mikropon digunakan Mikropon digunakan

untuk:untuk:– PodcastsPodcasts– Video-conferencingVideo-conferencing– Internet phone callsInternet phone calls– Speech recognition Speech recognition

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Input Devices for the Input Devices for the Physically ChallengedPhysically Challenged

• Visual impairmentsVisual impairments– Voice recognitionVoice recognition– Keyboards with large keysKeyboards with large keys– On-screen keyboardsOn-screen keyboards

• Motor control issuesMotor control issues– Special trackballsSpecial trackballs– Head-mounted devicesHead-mounted devices

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Perangkat OutputPerangkat Output

• Kirim data diproses keluar dari komputerKirim data diproses keluar dari komputer– MonitorsMonitors– PrintersPrinters

• Perangkat Output membuat :Perangkat Output membuat :– Soft copies (video, sounds, control signals)Soft copies (video, sounds, control signals)– Hard copies (print)Hard copies (print)

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Tipe MonitorTipe Monitor• CRT CRT Cathode Ray TubCathode Ray Tub • LCD LCD Liquid Crystal DisplayLiquid Crystal Display

• Rollback MonitorRollback Monitor

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Video Output LainnyaVideo Output Lainnya

• Touch-screen monitorsTouch-screen monitors– Double as both input and output devicesDouble as both input and output devices

• Data projectors Data projectors – Project a computer image to a large screen Project a computer image to a large screen

for sharing with large groupsfor sharing with large groups

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Printers Printers

• Impact printersImpact printers– Dot-matrixDot-matrix

• Nonimpact printersNonimpact printers– InkjetInkjet– Laser Laser

• Specialty printersSpecialty printers– MultifunctionMultifunction– PlottersPlotters– Thermal printersThermal printers

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Nonimpact PrintersNonimpact Printers

• InkjetInkjet– Less expensive deviceLess expensive device– Print high-quality color

images cost effectively • LaserLaser– More expensive deviceMore expensive device– Faster printing speedFaster printing speed– Less expensive per page Less expensive per page

in B&Win B&W– Color lasers are Color lasers are

becoming less expensivebecoming less expensive

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Choosing a PrinterChoosing a Printer

• Speed (ppm)Speed (ppm)

• Resolution (dpi)Resolution (dpi)

• Color outputColor output

• MemoryMemory

• Use and costUse and cost

• Cost of consumablesCost of consumables

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Outputting SoundOutputting Sound

• Speakers and headphonesSpeakers and headphones

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Unit SystemUnit System

• Box that contains the central electronic components of the computer::– CPU/RAM/CPU/RAM/

motherboardmotherboard– Expansion cardsExpansion cards– Power supplyPower supply– Storage devicesStorage devices

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The Front PanelThe Front Panel

• Power controlPower control• Drive baysDrive bays• Memory card Memory card

readerreader• Productivity Productivity

portsports

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Power ControlsPower Controls

• Power-on button: Turns on system, should not be used to turn it off

• Other options: – Sleep modeSleep mode– HibernationHibernation– Warm bootWarm boot

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Drive BaysDrive Bays

• Internal drive bays:Internal drive bays:– Cannot be access from outside the systemCannot be access from outside the system– Reserved for internal hard drivesReserved for internal hard drives

• External drive bays:External drive bays:– Can be accessed from outside the systemCan be accessed from outside the system– CD or DVD drivesCD or DVD drives– Floppy and Zip drivesFloppy and Zip drives

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Hard Disk DriveHard Disk Drive

• Permanent (nonvolatile) storagePermanent (nonvolatile) storage

• Internal or external versionsInternal or external versions

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Flash Drives/Flash MemoryFlash Drives/Flash Memory

• Flash drives Flash drives (jump drives)(jump drives)– Newer storage Newer storage

alternativealternative– Plug into USB Plug into USB

portsports

• Flash memory Flash memory cardscards– Slide into slots in Slide into slots in

the systemthe system

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Storage Media CapabilitiesStorage Media Capabilities

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Bagian belakang Komputer Bagian belakang Komputer Desktop Desktop

• Ports for peripheralsPorts for peripherals• Types of ports:Types of ports:

– Serial and parallelSerial and parallel– Audio and videoAudio and video– USBUSB– FireWireFireWire– ConnectivityConnectivity

• EthernetEthernet• ModemModem

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Bagian dalam unit sistemBagian dalam unit sistem

• Essential Essential electronic electronic components used components used to process datato process data

• Types of Types of components:components:– Power supplyPower supply– Hard disk driveHard disk drive– MotherboardMotherboard– CPUCPU– Expansion cardsExpansion cards

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MotherboardMotherboard

• CPUCPU

• RAMRAM

• Expansion Expansion cards and cards and slotsslots

• Built-in Built-in componentscomponents

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Central Processing Unit (CPU)Central Processing Unit (CPU)• Referred to as the “brains” of the computerReferred to as the “brains” of the computer• Controls all functions of the computerControls all functions of the computer• Processes all commands and instructionsProcesses all commands and instructions• Can perform billions of tasks per second Can perform billions of tasks per second

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Memory ModuleMemory Module

• Random access memory (RAM)Random access memory (RAM)

• Stores instructions and dataStores instructions and data

• Temporary (volatile) storageTemporary (volatile) storage

• Operates in nanosecondsOperates in nanoseconds

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Expansion CardsExpansion Cards

• Add functionsAdd functions

• Provide new connections for peripheral Provide new connections for peripheral devicesdevices

• Common types:Common types:– SoundSound– ModemModem– Video (VGA)Video (VGA)– Network (NIC)Network (NIC)

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Chapter 2 Summary QuestionsChapter 2 Summary Questions

• What exactly is a computer, and what are What exactly is a computer, and what are its four main functions? its four main functions?

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• What is the difference between data and What is the difference between data and information?information?

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• What are bits and bytes, and how are they What are bits and bytes, and how are they measured? measured?

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• What devices do you use to get data into What devices do you use to get data into the computer?the computer?

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• What devices do you use to get What devices do you use to get information out of the computer?information out of the computer?

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Summary QuestionsSummary Questions

• What’s on the front of your system unit?What’s on the front of your system unit?

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• What’s on the back of your system unit?What’s on the back of your system unit?

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• What’s inside your system unit?What’s inside your system unit?

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• How do you set up your computer to avoid How do you set up your computer to avoid strain and injury?strain and injury?

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