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Master of Arts in Sanskrit

(MASK)

SK-01

Vedic Language and Literature

Block -02

Hymns from the Yajurveda and

Atharvaveda

UNIT- 1 YAJURVEDA-PURUSA SUKTA

UNIT-2 ATHARVAVEDA-RASTRABHIVARDHANA SUKTA

UNIT-3 ATHARVAVEDA-PRTHVI SUKTA

UNIT-4 ATHARVAVEDA-KALA SUKTA

MASK PROGRAMME

EXPERTS COMMITTEE

Prof. Prafulla Kumar Mishra, Former Vice-Chancellor, North Odisha University

Prof. Raghunath Panda , Retd. Prof, Utkal University

Prof. Gopal Krishna Dash, Retd. Prof. , Utkal University

Dr. Madhusudan Mishra, Controller of Exams , Sri Jagannath Sanskrit University, Puri

Dr. Harmohan Mishra , Reader ( Retd.)

Dr. Kadambini Dash , Reader in Sanskrit, SB Women’s College,

Dr. Debabrata Mohapatra , Sr . Lect. In Sanskrit, Emartidevi Women’s College,Cuttack

Dr. Nibedita Pati, Lecturer in Sanskrit , S.B Women’s College

CONVENOR

Dr. Dillip Kumar Nayak , Reader in Odia ,

Officer In Charge, Regional Centre, B.J.B Auto. College Bhubaneswar

COURSE WRITER

Dr. Bibhuti Bhusan Mohapatra , Lecturter in Sanskrit , Rajdhani College , Bhubaneswar

PROGRAMME COORDINATOR

Dr. Sareeta Pujari , Senior Academic Consultant, OSOU , Sambalpur

Mr. Pratap Kumar Meher , Academic Consultant , Sanskrit , OSOU, Sambalpur

MATERIAL PRODUCTION

Dr. Manas Ranjan Pujari

Registrar Odisha State Open University, Sambalpur

© OSOU, 2019. History of Vedic Literature is made available

under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0

http://creativecommons.org/licences/by-sa/4.0

Printed by :

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Odisha State Open University, Sambalpur 1

UNIT – I YAJURVEDA – PURUSASUKTA

1.1 ZENERAL INTRODUCTION TO YAJURVEDA

1.2 SIGNIFICANCE OF PURUSA SUKTA

1.3 INTRODUCTION ON PURUSA SUKTA : RSI , CHSNDA ,

DEVATA AND VINIYOGA:SUBJECT MATTER OF PURUSA

SUKTA

1.4 EXPLANATION OF TRIAD OF MANTRA-S

1.5 MADEL QUESTIONS

1.6 FURTHER READING


UNIT – I YAJURVEDA - PURUSASUKTA

1.1. General Introduction to Yajurveda :

Yajurveda Samhita : The Yajurceda is colloection of yajus or

sacrificial formulae and mainly deals with Vedic rituals sacrifices and the

role of rituals in life. The yajus are defined as aniyataksaravasano yajus,

or gadyatmako yajuh or sese yajuh sabdah1 all of which refer to the

unique character of Yajurveda as consistig of prosaic portions.

According to Satapatha Brahmana2, the Yajurveda has two prominent

schools (i) Brahma samparaya and (ii) Aditya sampradaya. The Sukla-

Yajurveda is the representative of Adityasampradaya, and the Krsna-

Yajurveda is the representative of Brahma sampradaya.

The division of Yajurveda into two as Sukla and Krsnais due to the

compilation. While in Krsna-Yajurveda the mantras are along with the

Brahmana portion, Sukla-Yajurveda contains only the mantras; hence

the title Krsna, meaning mixture (of mantra and Brahmana).

There is bowever, a Puranic story regarding the division of Yajurveda.

This story is available in the introduction to Maludhara-Bhasya on Sukla-

Yajurveda’s Madhyanadina Sainhita. In the beginning, Satyavati’s son

Prasara Vyasa compiled the Vedic corpus and divided it into four

sections — RK, Yajus, Sama and Atharva, and taught them to Paila,

Vaisampayana, Jaimini and Sumantu. Vaisampayana taught Yajurveda to

Yajnavalkya and others. Once for some reason, Vaisampayana was

displeased with Yajnavalkya and ordered him to return the Veda taught

by him. As per the order of his guru, Yajnavalkya by his yogic power

gave a form to his knowledge and threw up. The other disciples of

Vaisampayana took the form of Titiri birds and swallowed it. Since then,

those yajus mantras are known as Krsna-Yajurveda. On the other hand,


Yajnavalkya performed deep penance and pleased Lord Sun. Satisfied

with his penance; Lord Sun took the form of vaji (horse) and taught him

yajus during non (madhyahna). Thus, the yajus received from Aditya was

known as Sukla - Yajus. Having received it during noon, it was known as

Madhyandina, and since taught by Aditya in the form of vaji,

Vajasaneyi, Sayanacarya has also accepted this contention. This is

validated in Satapatha Brahmana.3

Out of 101 sakhas of Yajurveda as declared by Patanjali, only six

sakhas are available now. The Sukla-Yajurveda has two extant sakhas,

(a) Kanva -Sakha and (b) Madhyandina-Sakha out of fifteen (i) Kanva,

(ii) Madhyandina, (iii) Sabiya, (iv) Sthapayaniya, (v) Kasara, (vi)

Paundaravasta, (vii) Avantika, (viii) Paramavatika, (iv) Parasarya, (x)

Vaidheya, (xi) Vaineya, (xii) Aakheya, (xiii) Vaijeya, (xiv) Galava, (xv)

baijava sakhas. The Krsna-Yajurveda has four extant Sakhas as

Taittiriya, Kathaka, Kapisthala, and Maitrayani out of 86 sakhas. The

Taittiriya Samhita is the most popular among Krasna-yajurveda

recensions.

Sukla - Yajurveda :

As stated above, there were 101 sakhas of Yajurveda, out of whch

Krasna-Yajurveda had 86, and Sukla-Yajurveda had 15 sakhas as per

mahabhasyakara Patanjali. However, currently only four sakhas of

Krsna and two sakhas of Sukla are available.

Sukla-yajurveda Samhita Sakhas :

As stated earlier, Sukla-Yajurveda is also known as Vajasaneyi Samhita.

In Saunaka’s Caranavyuha, Sayanacarya has given the names of the 15

sakhas — (i) Kanva, (ii) Madhyandina, (iii) Sabiya, (iv) Sthapayaniya,

(v) Kapala, (iv) Paundravatsa, (vii) Avatika, (viii) Paramavatika, (ix)

Parasarya, (x) Vaidheya, (xi) Vaineya, (xii) Audheya, (xiii) Galava, (xiv)


Vaijava, and (xv) Katyayaniya. The names do not exactly match with the

earlier list. Currently, only two sakhas of Sukla-Yajurveda are extant —

(i) Kanva - Sakha and (ii) Madhyandina-Sakha. These two Samhitas have

40 adhyayas each. Kanva and Madhyandina were the two principal

disciples.

KANVA SAMHITA

Kanva Samhita is pop0ular in Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu. Kanva

Samhita contains 40 adhyayas, 328 anuvakas, 2,086 mantras, with many

repetitions of texts. Kanva Samhita is specially adopted and revered by

the Pancaratra Agama system of worship in the temples. Kanva Samhita

has been published by ‘Anandavana’ of Chennai, and Audh in

Maharashtra.

MADHYANDINA SAMHITA :

Madhyandina is popular mainly in the northern India. Its pronunciation s

audibly diffeent, i.e. sahasra-sirsa purusah is chanted as sahasra-sirkha

purukhah (sa-kha-yor abhedah) Madhyandina Samhita contains 1,975

mantras (111 mantras less tan Kanva Samhita).

Subject Matter of Sukla-Yajurveda :

An enumeration of the various topics that form the contents of Sukla-

yajurveda Samhita, or the Vajasaneyi Samhita Containing 40 adhyayas

(chapters) in both the recensions, will be useful as presenting an outline

of the entire srauta ritual.


Chapters Topic

I. I-II.28 Darsa-Parnamasa ?(new and full-moon

sacrifices)

II.29-34 Pinda-Pitryajna (sacrifice to the manes)

III.1-8 Agnihotra and Punaradheya (establishment and

re-establishment of the fires)

III. 9-10 Agnihotra (fire-sacrifice) offered in the morning

and evening. III.35 Gayatri-mantra4

III.11-43 Agnyupasthana (homage to the fires, usually

performed at the evening fire-service only)

III.44-63 Caturmasyani (four-month or seasonal

sacrifices to be offered once every four months,

at the beginning of each of the three seasons;

spring, rains, and autumn).

III.60 is the Maha-mrtyunjaya-mantra.

IV.1-VIII.23 Somayaga sacrifices in general, which,

including the animal sacrifice as a part of it, has

many varieties, the Agnistoma being the most

typical of them. Different varieties of

Agnistomas are described in this section.

IX.1-34 Vajapeya (draught of strength)

IX.35-X.30 Rajasuya

M.31-34 Caraka-Sautramani

XI-XVIII Agnicayana

XVI Sri Rudra-Prasna

XVIII Camaka Prasna

XIX-XXI Sautramani-Yajnavidhana

XXII-XXV, Asvamedha

and XXIX XXII.9 — Gayatri-mantra


XXVI-XXIX Khila-mantras

XXX Purusamedha XXX.2 — Gayatri-mantra

XXXI.1-22 Purusasuktam5

XXXII Sarvamedha-yajna

XXXIII.55- Anarabhyadhit

XXXIV.1-6

XXXIV.1-6 Siva-Samkalpa-Suktam/Upanisad

XXXIV.34-40 Bhagyasuktam6

XXV Pitrmedha

XXXVI- Pravargya-bhaga/Pravargya-agnikanda

XXXVIII XXXVI.3— is Gayatri-mantra

XXXIX All the 13 mantras relate to cremation.

XL Isavasyopanisad

Sukla-Yajurveda Samhita-Bhasya and English Translation :

On Sukla-Yajurveda Madhyandina Samhita, we have an old bhasaya by

Uvvata (eleventh century) and by Mahidhara (CE 1588). Mahidhara’s

Bhasaya is named Vedadipa. This bhasya is very lucid and simple and

has the incluence of Uvvata. SYVS with Uvvata and Mahidhara’s Bhasya

is published by MLBD and is available.

Sayana’s Bhasya is on Kanva Samhita.

ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF YAJURVEDA :

Vajasaneyi Samhita in Madhyandina and Kanva-Sakha with Mahidhara’s

Bhasya, edited by A. Weber, was reprinted in 1972, by the Chwkhamba

Sanskrit Series Office, Varanasi.


R.T.H. Griffith has translated Yajurveda titled Hymns of the White

Yajurveda of Vajasaneyi-Samihita into English with a popular

commentary.

Significance of Purusa Suktam :

Purusa : the Person, embodied spirit, or Man personified an regarede as

the soul and original source of the universe, the personal and life-giving

principle in all animated beings, is said to have a thousand, that is,

innumerable, heads, eyes, and feet, as being one with all created life. In

the AV. version arms has been substituted for heads, to agree, apparently,

with the numbers of eyes and feet. A space ten fingers broad : The region

of the heart of man wherein the soul was supposed to reside. Although, s

the Universal Soul, Purusa pervades the universe, as the Individual Soul

he is enclosed in a space of narrow dimensions. Ch.AV.IV. 16.3 ‘The

loins of Varuna are both the oceans, and this small drop of water, too,

contains him; one of the recently discovered Logia or Sayings of Jesus is

to the same effect. ‘cleave the wood, and you will find me; lift the stone,

and I am there.’

RSI, CHAND, DEVATA :

(&men$eMeerCee& Fefle - <ees[Meemet&ÊkeÀced ~ Heg©<ees osJelee ~ veeje³eCed $eÝef<eë ~

DevegägHed ívoë ~ Devl³ee ef$eägHed ~ cees#es efJeefve³eesieë )

meb.Hee. men$eMeer<ee& Heg©<eë menñee#eë menm$eHeeled ~

me Yetefce efJeéelees Je=lJeel³eefleÿÎMee²§ueced ~~1~~

He.Hee. õ menñeçMeerCee& ~ Heg©<eë ~ menñeçDe#eë ~ menñeçHeeled ~

meë ~ Yetefceced ~ efJeéeleë ~ ce=lJee ~ Deefle ~ Deefleÿled ~ oMeçDe²§ueced ~~1~~

DevJe³e ö Heg©<eëmenñeMeer<ee& menñee#eë menñeHeeled ~ me Yetefceb efJeéeleë Je=lJee obMee²§ueced Deefle Deeflesdþled ~


MeyoeLe&õmenñeMeer<ee& = npeejeW efmej Jeeuee; Heg©<eë = Hejce Heg©<e; menñee#eë = npeeeW ves$eJeeuee; ñenñeHeeled

= npeejes HewjJeeuee; meë = Jen; Yetefceced = He=efLeJeer keÀes; efJeéeleë = ®eejeW lejHeÀ mes; Je=l³ee = J³eeHle keÀjkesÀ;

Deefle = DeefOekeÀ; Deefleÿled = efmLele nw; oMee²§ueced = oMe De*diegue HeefjceeCe ceW ~

GJeìYee<³e, cenerOej Yee<³e :

mebYee.ömeJe&ÒeeefCemeceefsdìªHees ye´ïeeC[osnes efJeje[eK³ees ³eë `Heg©<eë` meesç³eb `menñeMeer<ee&` ~

menñeMeyom³eesHeue#eCelJeeovevlewë efMejesefYe³eg&keÌleë mel³eLe&ë ~ ³eeefve meJe&ÒeeefCeveeb efMejeefme leeefve meJee&efCe

leodosnevleë HeeeflelJeeÊeoer³eev³esJesefve menñeMeer<e&lJeced ~ SJeb menñeeef#elJeb menñeHeeolJeb ®e ~ `me` H©©<eë Yetefceb

ye´ïeeC[ieesuekeÀªHeeb èfJeéeleë` meJe&leë `Je=l³ee` HeefjJes<ìîe òMee²§ue` oMee²§efueHeefjefceleb osMeced `Del³eefleÿled`

Deefle¬eÀc³e J³eJeefmLeleë ~oMee²§ueefcel³egue#eCeced ~ye´ïeeC[eÜefnjefHe meJe&lees J³eeH³eeJeefmLele Fl³eLe&ë ~

efnvoer DevegJeeo ö HetCe& Heg©<e npeejeW efmej Jeeuee, npeejeW ves$eJeeuee leLee npeejeW HewjJeeuee nw ~ Jen He=efLeJeer (Deeefo

mecHetCe& ye´ïeeC[) keÀes ®eejeW lejHeÀ mes J³eeHle keÀjkesÀ ome De²§ (HeefjceeCe ceW) DeefOekeÀ neskeÀj efmLele nw ~

ENGLISH TRANSLATION :

Purusa has a thousand heads, a thousand eyes, a thousand feet.

Pervading earth on every side he fills a space ten fingers broad. [The

ceremony is continued and concluded. The Brahman priest recites to the

assembled human victims the famous Purusa Hymn (verse 1.16), taken,

with transpositions and variations, from RV. X. 90 (AV. XIX. 6), which

celebrates the mystical immolation of Purusa, the origin of all creation,

of which the Purusamedha of Human Sacrifice is an emblematical

representation.]

efìHHeCeer ö menñeMeer<ee& ömenñeMeer<e&ved Meyo kesÀ Òe., S.Je. keÀe ªHe ~ ³eneb menñe Meyo DeveskeÀ kesÀ DeLe& ceW

Òe³egkeÌle nw ~ menñee#e-ye.Jeér.me.; DeHeJeeo ªHe ceW GÊejHeo keÀes GoeÊemJej ~ oMee²§uecedöoMee²§ue GHeue#eCe

nw ~ Fme ye´ïeeC[ ceW pees Yeer keÀesF& Jemleg nw Gmemes Heg©<e oMe De²§ue HeefjceeCe ceW DeefOekeÀ nw ~ Deefleÿledö mLee

ìeefleefveJe=Êeew`, ue*d, Òe.Heg., S.Je.; meJee&vegoeÊe ~


J³eekeÀjCeö

1. menÞeMeer<ee& - menñeb Meer<e&efCe ³em³e meë (yengJeérefn) ~

2. menñee#eë ö menñeced De#eerefCe ³em³e meë (yeJegJeérefn) ~

3. menñeHeeled ö menñeced Heeoeë ³em³e meë (yengJeérefn) ~

4. Je=lJee ö Je= + ÊeJee (lJee) ~

5. oMee²§ueced ö oMeeveeced De²§ueerveeb meceenejë (efÜiegmeceeme) ~

6. Deefleÿled ö mLee ue*d, ÒeLeceHeg©<e SkeÀJe®eve ~

meb.Hee. Heg©<e SJesob meJe¥ ³eÓtleb ³e®Je YeJ³eced ~

Gleece=lelJem³esMeevees ³eoVes veeeflejesnefle ~~2~~

He.Hee. ö Heg©<eë ~ SJe ~ Foced ~ meJe&ced ~ ³eled ~ Yetleced ~ ³eled~ ®e ~ YeJ³eced ~

Gle ~ Dece=leçlJem³e ~ F&Meeveë ~ ³eled ~ DeVesve ~ Deefleçjesnefle ~~2~~

DevJe³e ö Fob meJe¥ ³eled Yetleb ³eled ®e YeJ³eb (leled) Heg©<eë SJe ~ (meë)

Dece=lelJem³e F&Meeveë Gle ³eled DeVesve Deeflejesnefle (lem³eeefHe) ~

MeyoeLe& ö Heg©<eë Hejce Heg©<e; SJe ner; Foced ³en; meJe&ced mecHetCe&; ³eled pees; Yetleced nes ®egkeÀe nw;

³eled ®ees; ®e Deesj; YeJ³eced nesves Jeeuee nw; Gle Deewj; Dece=lelJem³e DecejlJe keÀe; F&Meeveë

mJeeceer; ³eled pees; DeVesve DeVe mes; Deeflejesnefle mece=× neslee nw ~

GJeì/cenerOejYee<ee ö

meb.Yee.ö `³eled Fob Jele&ceeveb peieled leled `meJe¥ `Heg©<e SJe` ~ `³eled ®e Yetleced` Deleerleb peieled `³e®®e` `YeJ³eb

YeefJe<³eppeieled leoefHe Heg©<e SJe ~ ³eLeeefmceved keÀuHes Jele&ceeveeë ÒeefCeosneë meJexçefHe efJejeìd Heg©<em³eeJe³eJeeë

leLewJeeleerleeieeefceveesjefHe keÀuHe³ees-ê&äJ³eefcel³eefYeÒee³eë ~ `Gle` DeefHe ®e `Dece=lelJem³e` osJelJem³e `F&Meeveë`

mJeeceer ~ `³eled ³emceelkeÀejCeeled `DeVesve` ÒeeefCeveeb Yeesi³esveeVesve efveefceÊeYetlesve `Deeflejesnefle` mJekeÀer³eeb

keÀejCeeJemLeeceefle¬eÀc³e Heefjo=M³eceeveeb peieoJemLeeb ÒeeHveesefle lemceelÒeeefCeveeb keÀce&HeÀue-Yeesiee³e

peieoJemLeemJeerkeÀejeVesob lem³e JemleglJeefcel³eLe&ë ~


efnvoer DevegJeeo ö ³en meye, pees nes ie³ee nw leLee pees nesiee, Heg©<e ner nw ~ Dewej Jen DecejlJe keÀe mJeeceer nw leLee pees

DeVe mes mece=× neslee nw (GmekeÀe Yeer) ~


Purusa is in truth this All, what has been and what yet shall be;

Lord too, of immortality which waxes greater still by food.

[ The second line is variously explained. The meaning of the words

seems to be : he is lord of immortality or the immortal world of the Gods,

which grows greater by food, that is , by the sacrifical offerings of men.

According to Sayana: he is the lord or distributer of imortality because he

becomes the visible world in order that living beings may obtain the

fruits of their actions and gain moksa or final liberation from their bonds;

‘he is also the lord of immortality; for he mounts beyond (his own

condition) for the food (of living beings).’ Wilson. Colebroke translates

the line : ‘he is that which grows by nourishment, and he is the distributer

of immortality.’ Muir renders it by: ‘He is also the lord of immortality

since by food he expands.’ According to the paraphrase in the Bhagavata

Purana, the meaning of the last clause is; ‘since he has transcended

mortal nutriment.’ Prof. Ludwig’s version is: ‘auch uber die

unsterblichkeit gebietend, [daer,] was durch speise ]ist,] weit berragt,

ruling also over immortality, [since he] far transcends what [exists]

through food; but in his Commentary a somewhat different explanation is

given. ‘Ruling over immortality, he was all that grows by food.’

Peterson.]

efìHHeCeer öF&Meeveë ö F&Me `Sée³es` + Meeve®ed ~ Deeflejesnefle ö Deefle + ©n `ÒeeogYee&Jes, DeejesnCes` ueìd, Òe.Heg;

S.Je; ³eled Heo mes mecye× nesves kesÀ keÀejCe ef¬eÀ³eeHeo GoeÊe³egkeÌle nw ~ GHemeie& kesÀ meeLe GoeÊe³egkeÌle ef¬eÀ³ee keÀe

meceeme nesves Hej GHemeie& meJee&vegoeÊe neslee nw ~ DeVesveeeflejesnefle ö Fme ®eieled ceW pees keÀesF& ÒeeCeercee$e nw Jen DeVe mes

ner ÒeJe=oo neslee nw, FmeefueS Gmes `DeVeeo’ keÀne peelee nw ~ Jen ye´ïeeC[ªHeer Hegjer ceW efveJeeme keÀjvesJeeuee


Hejceséej peneb Dece=lelJe keÀe DeLee&led osJeeW keÀe Meemeve keÀjves Jeeuees nw, Jeneb DeVe mes ÒeJe=× nesves Jeeues ÒeefCecee$e keÀe

Yeer MeemekeÀ nw ~

J³eekeÀjCe ö

1. YeJ³eced - Yet + ³eled (³e) ~ F&Meeveë = F&Me + Meeve®ed ÒeLecee SkeÀJe®eve ~

2. Deeflejesnefle - Deefle ©nd + ueìd, ÒeLece Heg©<e SkeÀJe®eve ~

meb.Hee. SleeJeevem³e ceefnceelees p³ee³eeB½e Heg©<eë ~

Heeoesçm³e efJeéee Yetleeefve ef$eHeeom³eece=leb efoefJe ~~3~~

He.Hee. ö SleeJeeved ~ Dem³e ~ ceefncee ~ Deleë ~ p³ee³eeved ~ ®e ~ Hegg©<eë ~

Heeoë ~ Dem³e ~ efJeéee ~ Yetleeefve ~ ef$eçHeeled ~ Dem³e ~ Dece=leced ~ efoefJe ~~3~~

DevJe³e öSleeJeeved Dem³e ceefncee, Deleë p³ee³eeved ®e Heg©<eë~ Dem³e Heeoë efJeéee Yetleeefve, Dem³e ef$eHeeled Dece=leb

efoefJe ~

MeyoeLe& ö SleeJeeved = Fleveer; Dem³e = GmekeÀer; ceefncee = Ssée³e&; Deleë = Gmemes Yeer; p³ee³eeved = ye{keÀj; ®e

= Deewj; Heg©<eë = Hejce Heg©<e; Heeoë = SkeÀ ®eewLeeF& DebMe; Dem³e = GmekeÀe; efJeéee = mecHetCe&&; Yetleeefve =

ÒeeCeer; ef$eHeeled = leerve ®elegLee¥Me; Dem³e = GmekeÀe; Dece=leced = Decej ueeskeÀ; efoefJe = ÐegueeskeÀ ceW~

meb.Yee. ö DeleerleeveeieleJeCe&ceeveªHeb peieod ³eeJeoefmle `SleeJeeved` meJeexçefHe `Dem³e` Heg©<em³e ceefncee

mJekeÀer³emeeceL³e&efJeMes<eë~ ve leg lem³e JeemleJemJeªHeced~ JeemleJemleg `Heg©<eë` `Deleë` ceefncveesçefHe `p³ee³eeved`

DeefleMe³esveeefOekeÀë ~ Sle®®eesYe³eb mHeäeref¬eÀ³eles ~ `Dem³e` Heg©<em³e `efJeéee`meJee&efCe `Yetleeefve` keÀeue$e³eJeleeaefve

ÒeefCepeeleeefve `Heeoë` ®elegLeXçMeë ~ `Dem³e` Heg©<em³e DeJeefMeäb `ef$eHeebled mJeªHeced `Dece=leb`~ efJeveeMejefnleb meled

efoefJe ÐeesleveelcekesÀ mJeÒekeÀeMemJeªHes J³eJeefleÿle Fefle Mes<eë~ ³eÐeefHe `mel³eb %eevecevevleb ye´ïe` (lew.Dee.8.2;

lew.G. 2.1) Fl³eecveelem³e Hejye´ïeCe F³eÊeeYeeJeeled Heeo®elegä³eb efveªHeef³elegceMekeÌ³eb leLeeefHe peieefoob

ye´ïemJeªHeeHes#e³eeuHeefceefle efJeJeef#elelJeeled HeeolJeesHev³eemeë ~~


efnvoer DevegJeeo ö Fleveer GmekeÀer ceefncee nw; Deewj Gmemes Yeer ye[e Heg©<e nw ~ GmekesÀ SkeÀ ®elegLee¥Me ceW mecHetCe& ueeskeÀ

nw; FmekeÀe leerve ®elegLee¥Me, pees Decej ueeskeÀ nw, Jen ÐegueeskeÀ ceW nw ~


So mighty i his grandeur; yea, greater than this is Purusa;

All creatures are one fourth of him, three fourths eternal life in heaven.

[Eternal life: amrtam: immortality, or the immortal Gods.]

efìHHeCeer ö SleeJeevem³e ö Jeso ceW ö Deeved Heoevle Jeeues Heo kesÀ yeeo ³eefo keÀesF& mJejeefo Heo Deelee ns lees

HetJe&Heoevleer³e ved keÀe ueesHe nes peelee nw leLee HetJe&Jeleer mJej meevegveeefmekeÀ nes peelee nw ~ efkeÀvleg ³eneb Ssmee veneR ngDee

nw ~ ³en metkeÌle HetJe&ceC[ueeW mes veJeerve nw Fmeefue³es ueesefkeÀkeÀ mebefOe efve³ece keÀe ³eneb DevegmejCe efJeKeeF& He[lee nw ~

Het©<eë ö Heg©<e Heo kesÀ ÒeLece JeCe& keÀe oerIe& ªHe Yeer Jeso ceW efJeuelee nw ~ p³ee³eeved ö `Je=×` SJeb `ÒeMem³e` Heo keÀe

F&³emegved leLee Fÿved Òel³e³e kesÀ ³eesie ³es `p³ee` DeeosMe neslee nw pewmes Je=×öÒeMem³e + F&³ee megved = p³ee³eeved p³esÿ ~

J³eekeÀjCe ö

1. SleeJeeved ö Sleled + JelegHed (Heled) ~

2. p³ee³eeved ö p³ee (ÒeMem³e ³ee ye=×) + F&³emegved ~

3. efJeéee efJeée Meyo, veHegbmekeÀefuebie ÒeLecee yengJe®eve keÀe JewefokeÀ ªHe ~ ueewefkeÀkeÀ mebmke=Àle ceW efJeéeeefve ªHe

yevelee nw ~

meb.Hee. ef$eHeeotOJe& GowlHeg©<eë Heeoesçm³esneYeJeled Hegveë ~

lelees efJe<Je* J³es¬eÀecelmeeMeveeveMeves DeefYe ~~4~~

He.Hee. ö $eçHeeled ~ TOJe&ë ~ Gled~ Ssled~ Heg©<eë~Heeoë~ Dem³e~ Fn~ DeYeJeled~ Hegveefjefle~~

leleë~ efJe<Je*d~ efJe~ De¬eÀeceled~ meeMeveeveMeves Fefle~ DeefYe ~~4~~

DevJe³e ö ef$eHeeled Heg©<eë TOJe&ë God Ssled; Dem³e Heeoë Hegveë Fn DeYeJeled ~ leleë efJe<Je*d meeMeveeveMeves DeefYe efJe

De¬eÀeceled ~


MeyoeLe& ö ef$eHeeled = leerve ®elegLee¥Me kesÀ meeLe; TOJe&ë = THej; Gled = THej; Ssled = ®eueeie³ee; Heg©<eë =

Hejce Heg©: Heeoë = SkeÀ ®elegLee¥Me; Dem³e = GmekeÀe; Fn = ³eneb; DeYeJeled = jn ie³ee; Hegveë =

efHeÀj; leleë = Gmemes; efJe<Je*d = ®eejeW lejHeÀ; efJe De¬eÀeceled = HewÀuee³ee; meeMeveeveMeves = Keeves Jeeues

leLee ve Keeves Jeeues; DeLee&led ®esleve leLee De®esleve; DeefYe = ®eejeW lejHeÀ ~

meb.Yee. ö ³eesç³eb èf$eHeeled Heg©<eë` mebmeejjefnlees ye´ïemJeªHeë meesç³eced `TOJe& `Towled`

Demceeo%eevekeÀe³ee&lmebmeeje×efnYet&leesç$el³ewYet&Ceoes<ewjmHe=ä GlkeÀ<exCe efmLeleJeeved~ lem³e `Dem³e` meesç³eb

`Heeoë` uesMeë meesç³eced Fn cee³ee³eeb `Hegveë DeYeJeled me=efsdìmebnejeY³eeb Hegveë Hegvejeie®íefle~ Dem³e meJe&m³e

peieleë HejceelceuesMelJeb YeieJeleeH³egÊkebÀced öèfJeäY³eenefceob ke=ÀlmveceskeÀebMesve efmLelees peieled

(Ye.ieer.10.42) Fefle~ `leleë` cee³ee³eeceeiel³eevevlejb èfJe<Je*d osJeceveg<³eefle³e&ieeefoªHesCe efJeefJeOeë meved

`J³e¬eÀeceled J³eeHleJeeved~ efkebÀ ke=ÀlJee `meeMeveeveMeves` DeefYeue#³e~ meeMeveb YeespeveeefoJ³eJenejesnHesleb pesleveb

ÒeeefCepeeleced, DeveMeveb leÜefnlece®esleveb efieefjveÐeeefokeÀced~ leogYe³eb ³eLee m³eeÊeLee mJe³ecesJe efJeefJeOees YetlJee

J³eeHleJeeefvel³eLe&ë ~

efnvoer DevegJeeo öleerve- ®elegLee¥Me kesÀ meeLe Heg©<e THej ®euee ie³ee; efHeÀj Yeer SkeÀ®egLee¥Me ³eneR Hej jne ie³ee~

Fmemes Gmeves DeHeves keÀes KeevesJeeues ®esleve leLee ve KeevesJeeues De®esleve (ÒeeefCe³eeW kesÀ ªHe ceW) meYeer ªHeeW ceW

®eejeW lejHeÀ HewÀuee³ee ~


With three fourths Purusa rose up: one fourth of him again was here.

Thence he moved forth to every side over what eats not and what eats.

[Over what cats not and what eats; over animate and inanimate creation.

According to Sayana and Mahidhara, over both classes of created things,

those capable of enjoyment, that is, who can taste the reward and

punishment of good and evil actions, such as Gods, men, and lower

animals, and those who are incapable thereof, such as mountains and

rivers cetanam, or conscious, acetanam, or unconscious, creation]


efìHHeCeer ö Ssledö FCed ìeleew`, ue*d, Òe.Heg., S.Je.; Hegveë - Hegveë Heo keÀe jsHeÀ ³eefo mebefnlee Heeþ ceW mHeä veneR

efoKeeF& He[lee, efJemeie& ªHe ceW ner jnlee nw, lees GmekesÀ meeLe HeoHeeþ keÀjles mece³e FeflekeÀjCe neslee nw~

^¬eÀeceled ö ¬eÀce `HeeoefJe#esHes`; ue*d, Òe.Heg., S.Je.; meJee&vegoeÊe

meeMeveeveMeves ö ÜvÜ meceeme; Heoeveòleer³e SkeÀej efÜJe®eveevle nesves mes Òeie=ïe meb%ekeÀ nw, Fmeefue³es HeoHeeþ ceW

FeflekeÀjCe ngDee nw ~ ÜvÜ meceeme ceW HeoeW kesÀ yeer®e HeoHeeþ ceW DeJeûen veneR Deelee ~

J³eekeÀjCe ö

1. Gowled ö Gled +F, ue*d, ÒeLeceHeg©<e SkeÀJe®eve ~

2. J³e¬eÀeceled - efJe + ¬eÀced, ue*d, ceO³eceHeg©<e SkeÀJe®eve ~

3. meeMeveeMeves - DeMed È³egì; DeMevesve meefnleced meeMeveced, DeMevesve jefnleced DeveMeveced, meeMeveced ®e DeveMeveced,

®esefle (ÜvÜ meceeme) ~

meb.Hee.ö lemceeefÜjeUpee³ele efJejepees DeefOe Het©<eë ~

me peelees Del³eefj®³ele He½eeÓtefceceLees Hegjë ~~5~~

He.Hee. ö lemceelet~ efJeçjeod~ Depee³ele~ efJeçjepeë~ DeefOe~ Heg©<eë ~~

meë~ peeleë~ Deefle~ Deefj®³ele~ He½eeled~ Yetefceced~ DeLees Fefle~ Hegjë ~~5~~

DevJe³e ö lemceeled efJeje*d Depee³ele, efJejepeë DeefOe Heg©<eë (Depee³ele)~

meë peeleë (SJe) Deefle Deefj®³ele; He½eeled Yetefceced DeLees Hegjë (memepe&)~

MeyoeLe&ö lemceeled + Gme ®elegLee&Me mes; efJejeìd + Hejce Heg©<e mes GlHeVe ÒeLece leÊJe; Depee³ele + GlHeVe ngDee;

efJejepeë + efJejeìd veecekeÀ ÒeLece leÊJe mes; DeefOe + Jeeo ceW; Heg©<eë + peerJeelcee kesÀ ªHe ceW Heg©<e; meë +

Jen; peeleë + GlHeVe nesles ner; Deefle Deefj®³ele + (osJe ceveg<³e Deeefo ªHe ceW efJejeì mes) Deueie keÀj

efue³ee; He½eeled + FmekesÀ yeeo; Yetefceced + He=efLeJeer; DeLees + FmekesÀ yeeo; Hegjë + peerJelcee kesÀ efue³es

Mejerj ~

meb.Yee. öefJe<Je*d J³e¬eÀeceefoefle ³eogkeÌleb leosJee$e ÒeHeáed³eles ~ `lemceeled DeeefoHeg©<eeled èfJejeìd` ye´ïeeC[osnë

`Depee³eleë GlHevleë ~ efJeefJeOeeefve jepevles Jemletv³e$esefle efJejeìd~ èfJejepeesçefOe` efJeje[dosnm³eesHeefj lecesJe


osnceefOekeÀjCeb ke=ÀlJee `Heg©<eë` leodosne-efYeceeveer keÀef½eled Hegceeved Depee³ele~ meesç³eb meJe&JesoevleJesÐeë

Hejceelcee mJe³ecesJe mJekeÀer³e³ee cee³e³ee efJeje[dosnb ye´ïeeC[ªHeb me=ädJee le$e peerJeªHesCe ÒeefJeM³e

ye´ïeeC[efYeceeveer osJeleelcee peerJesçYeJeled~ Sle®®eeLeJe&efCekeÀe GÊejleeHeveer³es efJemHeäceeceveefvleö `me Jee S<e

Yetleeveerefvê³eeefCe efJejepeb osJeleeë keÀesMeeb½e me=ädJee ÒeefJeM³eecet{es cet{ SJe J³eJenjVeemles cee³e³ewJe` (ve=.lee.

2.1.9) Fefle ~ me peeleë efJejeìd Heg©<eë peerJeelcee `Del³eefj®³ele` DeefleefjkeÌleesçYetled~ efJeje[dJ³eeefleefjkeÌlees

osJeefle³e&[dceveg<³eeefoªHeesçYetled ~ `HeM®eeled osJeeefopeerJeYeeJeeotOJe& Yetefceb memepeexefle Mes<eë ~ `DeLees

Yetefceme=äsjvevlejb les<eeb peerJeeveeb `Hegjë` Fmepe¥ ~ Het³e&vles meHleefYeOee&legefYeefjefle Hegjë MejerjeefCe ~~

efnvoer DevegJeeo ö Gme (®elegLee¥Me) mes efJejeìd GHleVe ngDee; efJejeìd mes (peerJeelcee kesÀªHeceW) Heg©<e (GlHeVe

ngDee); GlHeVe nesles ner Gmeves (DeHeves keÀes osJe ceveg<³e Deeefo ªHeeW ceW efJejeìd) mes Deueie keÀj efue³ee ~

FmekesÀ yeeo He=efLeJeer keÀes (GlHeVe efkeÀ³ee); FmekesÀ yeeo (peerJeelcee kesÀ efueS) Mejerj (keÀe efvecee&Ce efkeÀ³ee)~

efìHHeCeer ö efJejeìd ö efJejeìme=efä Òeef¬eÀ³ee keÀer Gme DeJemLee keÀe met®ekeÀ nw peye m$eer-Heg©<e oesveeW leÊJe efceefÞele

Les ~ De®ee³eledö pee `peveves Deelceves; ue*d, Òe.Heg., S.Je., meJee&vetoeÊe ~ Deefj®³eleö efj®ed

`efJe³eespevemebHeke&À³eesë` keÀce&Jee®³e, Deelceves., ue*d, Òe.Heg., S.Je. ~ DeLeesö DeLe efveHeele kesÀ meeLe G keÀer

mebefOe mes pees DeeskeÀej neslee nw Jen Òeie=ïe neslee nw, HeoHeeþ ceW GmekesÀ meeLe FeflekeÀjCe neslee nw ~


From him Viraj was born; again Purusa from Viraj was born. When

born, he spread to west and east beyond the boundaries of earth.

[From him: or, from that, the ‘one-fourth’ mentioned in stanzas 3 and

4.Viraj, or, in the nominative fro, Viraj, is said to have come, in the form

of the mundane egg, from Adi-Purusa, the primeval Purusa, or presiding

Male or Spirit, ‘who then entered into this egg, which he animates as its

vital soul or divine principle.’ Or Viraj may, ‘be the female counterpart

of Purusa as Aditi of Daksa in X. 72. 4, 5.’ See Muir’s exhaustive Note

on this passage, O.S. Texts, V. pp. 369, 370; and Wallis, Cosmology of

the Rgveda,p.87]


J³eekeÀjCe ö

1. efJejeìd - efJe + jeped + efkeÌJeHed; oes mJejeW kesÀ ceO³e ces efmLele [d keÀes ued nes ie³ee nw ~

2. Depee³ele - peved + ue*d, ÒeLeceHeg©<e SkeÀJe®eve ~

3. Del³eefj®³ele -Deefle + efj®ed ue*d, ÒeLeceHeg©<e SkeÀJe®eve ~

meb.Hee.- ³elHeg©<esCe nefJe<ee osJee ³e%ecelevJele ~

Jemevlees Dem³eemeeroep³eb ûeer<ce FOceë Mej×efJeë ~~6~~

He.Hee. ö ³eled~ Heg©<esCe~ nefJe<ee~ osJeeë~ ³e%eced~ DelevJele~~

Jemevleë~ Dem³e~ Deemeerled~ Deep³eced~ ûeer<ceë~ FOceë Mejled~ nefJeë~~6~~

DevJe³e öosJee ³eled Heg©<esCe nefJe<ee ³e%eced DelevJele~ Dem³e (³e%em³e) Deep³eb Jemevleë Deemeerled, FOceë ûeer<ceë

(Deemeerled), nefJeë (®e) Mejod (Deemeerled)~

MeyoeLe& - ³eled peye; Heg©<esCe Heg©<eªHe; nefJe<ee nefJeë mes; osJeeë osJeleeDeeW ves; ³e%eeced ³e%ekeÀes;

DelevJele mecHeVe efkeÀ³ee; Jemevleë Jemevle $eÝleg; Dem³e GmekeÀe; Deemeerled Lee; Deep³eced Ieer;

ûeer<ce ûeer<ce $eÝleg; FOceë FvOeve; Mejled Mejod $eÝleg; nefJeë nefJeê&J³e ~

meb.Yee.ö`³eled ³eoe HetJeexkeÌle¬eÀcesCewJe Mejerjs<etdlHeVes<eg melmeg `osJeeë` GÊejme=efäefme×d³eLe¥ yeeïeêJ³em³eeveglHeVelJesve

nefJejvlejemebYeJeeled Heg©<emJeªHecesJe cevemee nefJeädJesve mebkeÀuH³e `Heg©<esCe` Heg©<eeK³esve `nefJe<ee` ceevemeb

`³e%eced` `DevevJele` DevJeefleÿved, leoeveerced `Dem³e` ³e%em³e `Jemevleë` Jemevleleg&jsJe `Deep³eced` `Deep³eced`

`Deemeerled DeYetled ~ lecesJeep³elJesve mebkeÀefuHeleJevle Fl³eLe&ë~ SJeb `ûeer<ce` `FOceë` Deemeerled ~ lecesJesOcelJesve

mebkeÀefuHeleJevle Fl³eLe&ë~ leLee `MejOoefJeë` Deemeerled ~ leecesJe Hegjes[eMeeefonefJeädJesve mebkeÀefuHeleJevle

Fl³eLe&ë~ HetJe¥ Heg©<em³e nefJeë meeceev³eªHelJesve mebkeÀuHeë~ Devevlejb Jemevleeoerveeceep³ee-efoefJeMes<eªHelJesve

mebkeÀuHe Fefle êäJ³eced ~~

efnvoer DevegJeeoö osJeleeDeeW ves peye Heg©<eªHe (ceeveme) nefJeê&J³e mes ³e%e efkeÀ³ee, (Gme mece³e) Jemevle ($eÝleg) Fme

(³e%e) keÀer Ieer Leer, ûeer<ce ($eÝleg ner) FmekeÀer meefceOee Leer Deewj Mejled ($eÝleg ner) FmekeÀer nefJeë Leer~


efìHHeCeer ö DelevJele - leveg `efJemleejs`, Deelceves, ue*d, Òe.Heg., S.Je.; ³eled Heo mes mecyevO nesves kesÀ keÀejCe

ef¬eÀ³eeHeo GoeÊe³egkeÌle ~ pe%ecedöFme cev$e ceW efpeme ³e%e keÀe GuuesKe efkeÀ³ee ie³ee nw Jen me=efä³e%e nw pees

efvejvlej ÒeJenceeve nw ~ Jemevle $eÝg Fme me=efä-³e%e keÀe Deep³e nw, ûeer<ce $eÝleg meefceOee nw leLee Mejod $eÝleg

nefJeë êJ³e nw ~ Fmeer Meeéele ³e%e mes He=efLeJeer Hej efYeVe-efYeVe JevemHeefle³eeB leLee peerJe GlHeVe nesles jnles nQ ~


When Gods performed the samskara Purusa, Spring was the butter,

Autumn the oblation, Summer ws the wood.*

J³eekeÀjCe ö

1. DelevJeled ö leved (efJemleej keÀjvee) ue*d, ÒeLeceHeg©<e SkeÀJe®eve ~

meb.Hee. ö meb ³e%eb yeefn&ef<e Òeew#eved Heg©<eb peeleceûeleë ~

lesve osJee De³epevle meeO³ee $eÝ<e³e½e ³ees ~~7~~

He.Hee. ö leced ~ ³e%eced ~ yeefn&ef<e ~ Òe ~ Deew#eved ~ Heg©<eced ~ peeleced ~ Deûeleë ~~

lesve ~ osyeeë ~ De³epevle ~ meeO³eeë ~ $eÝ<e³eë ~ ®e ~ ³es ~~7~~

DevJe³e ö leled Deûeleë peeleb ³e%eb Heg©<eb (osJeeë) yeefn&ef<e Òe Deew#eved ~

osJeeë meeO³eeë ³es $eÝ<e³e½e Deemeved (les meJex) lesve (Heg©<esCe) De³epevle ~

MeyoeLe& ö leced = Gme; ³e%eced = ³epeveer³e keÀes; yeefn&ef<e = kegÀee Hej; Òe Deew#eved = peue mes DeefYe<eskeÀ keÀje³ee;

Heg©<eced = Heg©<e keÀes; peeleced = GlHeVe; Deûeleë = meJe& ÒeLece; lesve = Gmemes; osJeeë = osJeleeDeeW ves;

De³epevle = ³e%e efkeÀ³ee, meeO³eeë = ÒepeeHeefle Deeefo me=efä-keÀlee&DeeW ves; $eÝ<e³eë = $eÝef<e³eeW ves; ®e =

Deewj; ³es = pees ~

meb.Yee. ö `³e%eb ³e%emeeOeveYetleb `leb` `Heg©<eb` HeMeglJeYeeJeve³ee ³etHes ye×b yeefn&ef<e ceevemes ³e%es `Òeew#eved

Òeesef#eleJevleë ~ keÀer¢Meefcel³e$een ~ `Deûeleë` meJe&me=äsë HetJe¥ `Heg©<eb` `peeleb` Heg©<elJesveeslHeVeced ~ Sle®®e


ÒeeiesJeeskeÌleb `lemceeefÜjeuepee³ele efJejepees DeefOe Het©<eë` Fefle ~ `lesve` Heg©<eªHesCe HeMegvee `osJee`

`De³epevle`~ ceeveme³eeieb efve<HeeefoleJevle Fl³eLe&ë ~ kesÀ les osJee Fl³e$een ~ `meeO³eeë` me=efämeeOeve³eesi³eeë

ÒepeeHeefleÒeYe=le³eë leovegketÀueeë `$eÝ<e³eë` cev$eêäejë `®e` `³es meefvle ~ les meJexçH³e³epevlesl³eLe&ë ~

efnvoer DevegJeeo ö Gme meyemes Hevenues GlHeVe ³epeveer³e Heg©<e keÀes osJeleeDeeW ves HeefJe$e kegÀMee Hej ( jKe keÀj)

Òees#ej efkeÀ³ee ~ Gme (Heg©<eHeMeg) mes osJeleeDeeW ves, ÒepeeHeefle Deeefo me=efäkeÀÊee&DeeW ves, leLee pees $eÝef<e Les

GvneWves ³e%e efkeÀ³ee ~


They initiated into yajna the Purusa born in earliest time. Sadhyas and

Rsis initiated him into various jobs.*

[Sadhyas: see XXIV. 27; XXiX. 11; XXX. 15]

efìHHeCeer ö Fme cev$e ceW Heg©<e keÀe ner yeefn&³eeW kesÀ THej Òees#eCe keÀjkesÀ Gmes nefJeë ªHe ceW meceefHe&le keÀjves keÀe

GuuesKe nw ~ Fme me=efä³e%e ceW pees kegÀí GlHeVe nes jne nw, GmekeÀe yeerpe Heg©<e ner nw ~ Gmeer keÀe efJemleej

DeveskeÀ peerJeeW JevemHeefle³eeW Deeefo kesÀ ªHe ceW nes jne nw ~ Heg©<eªHe yeerpe mes pees GlHeVe nes jne nw, Jen Gmeer

keÀe ªHe nw ~ Fme ³e%e kesÀ keÀÊee& osJe, meeO³eosJe leLee $eÝef<e nQ ~ ³eneb osJe, meeO³e leLee $eÝef<e keÀesF& HeeefLe&Je

ÒeeCeer ve neskeÀj me=efä kesÀ cetueYetle leÊJe ner nw ~

J³eekeÀjCe ö

1. Òeesw#eved - Òe De#ed (efí[keÀvee) ue*d, ÒeLeceHeg©<e yengJe®eve ~

2. De³epevle - ³eped ue*d, ÒeLeceHeg©<e yengJe®eve ~

meb.Hee.- lemceeÐe%eeled meJe&ngleë mebYe=leb He=<eoep³eced ~

HeMetved leeB½e¬esÀ Jee³eJ³eeveejC³eeved ûeec³ee½e ³es ~~8~~

He.Hee.ö lemceeled ~ ³e%eeled ~ meJe&çngleë ~ mecedçYe=leced ~ He=<eledçDeep³eced ~~

HeMetved ~ leeved ~ ®e¬esÀ ~ Jee³eJ³eeved ~ DeejC³eeved ~ ûeec³eeë ~ ®e ~ ³es ~~8~~


DevJe³eö lemceeled meJe&ngleë ³e%eeled He=<eoep³eb mebYe=leced ~ (lemceeled mebYe=leeled (He=<eoe-p³eeled) Jee³eJ³eeved DeejC³eeved

HeMetved ³es ®e ûeec³eeë leeled ®e¬esÀ ~

MeyoeLe& - lemceeled = Gme; ³e%eeled = ³e%emes; meJe&ngleë = efpemeceW meJe&ªHeelcekeÀ Heg©<e keÀe ³epeve ngDee Lee;

mebYe=leced = FkeÀìdþe efkeÀ³ee ie³ee; He=<eoep³eced = oefOeefceefÞele Ie=le; HeMetved = HeMegDeeW keÀes; leeved = Gve;

®e¬esÀ = GlHeVe efkeÀ³ee; Jee³eJ³eeved = DeekeÀeMe ceW jnves Jeeues; DeejC³eeved = pebieue ceW jnves Jeeues; ûeec³eeë

= ûeeceeW ceW jnves Jeeues; ®e = Deewj; ³es = pees Les ~

meb.Yee. - `meJe&ngleë` ~ meJee&lcekeÀëHeg©<eë ³eefmceved ³e%es nt³eles meesç³eb meJe&ngled ~ lee¢Meeled `lemceeled` HetJeexÊkeÀeled

ceevemeeled `³e%eeled` He=<eoep³eb oefOeefceÞeceep³eb `mebYe=leb mebHeeefoleced ~ oefOe ®eep³eb ®esl³esJeceeefoYeesi³epeeleb meJe¥

mebHeeefoleefcel³eLe&ë ~ leLee `Jee³eJ³eeved` Jee³egosJeleekeÀeBuueeskeÀÒeefme×eved ` DeejC³eeved `HeMetved `®e¬esÀ`

GlHeeefoleJeeved ~ DeejC³ee nefjCeeo³eë ~ leLee `³es ®e ûeec³eeë ieJeeéeeo³eë leeveefHe ®e¬esÀ ~

HeMetveecevleefj#eÜeje Jee³egosJel³elJeb ³epegye´e&ïeCes meceecvee³elesö`Jee³eJeë mLesle³een Jee³egJee&

Deevleefj#em³eeO³e#eeë ~ Devleefj#eosJel³eeë Keueg Jew HeMeJeë ~ Jee³eJe SJewveevHeefjooeefle` (lew.ye´e.

3.2.1.3) Fefle ~

efnvoer DevegJeeo ö Gme ³e%e mes efpemeieW meJe&ªHeelcekeÀ Heg©<e keÀe ³epeve ngDee Lee, oefOeefceefÞele Ie=le FkeÀìdþe efkeÀ³ee

ie³ee ~ (Gme SkeÀef$ele oefOeefceefÞele Ie=le mes Gme Heg©<e ves) DeekeÀeMe ceW jnves Jeeues (Heef#e³eeW), pebieue ceW

jnves Jeeues leLee ieeJeeW ceW jnves Jeeues pees HeMeg Les GvekeÀes GlHeVe efkeÀ³ee ~


From that Sarvahut sacrifice the butter mixed with curd was gatherd up.

He (or it) created these creatures of the air, of the forests and those of the

villages.

efJeHHeCeer - meJe&ngleë ö ³eneb Hej meJe&ngled Meyo keÀe DeefYeÒee³e nw meyekeÀer meye ceW Deengefle, ³ee meyekegÀí efpemeceW ngle

nes jne nw ~ Gme Hejceséej ªHe ³e%e ceW meyekeÀer Deengefle nes jner nw ~ Fme peieled ceW keÀesF& Ssmee HeoeLe& veneR

pees Meeéele nes pevce-cejCe, GlHeefÊe SJeb efJeveeMe meyekeÀe nes jne nw ~ ³ener Meeéele Òeef¬eÀ³ee nw ~

He=<eoep³ecedö Fme me=efä³e%e ceW oefOe Deewj Deep³e kesÀ cesue mes pees kegÀí êJ³e yeve jne nw, Jen He=<eoep³e

keÀnueelee nw, Jen Fme peieled keÀe GHeeoeve keÀejCe nw ~ Gmeer mes meYeer HeMegDeeW keÀe ®eenW Jes ûeec³e neW ³ee


DeejC³e neW, GvekeÀer GlHeefÊe nes jner nw ~ efpeleves Yeer HeMeg nw, Jes meYeer Jee³eJ³e keÀnueeles nw, Jee³egosJeleekeÀ

nw ~ ®e¬esÀ- ke=À `keÀjCes`, Deelceves., Òe.Heg., S.Je.; meJee&vegoeÊe ~

J³eekeÀjCeö

1. meJe&ngleë ö meJe¥ nt³eles ³eefmceved; lemceeled, meJe& nt efkeÌJeHed, Heáeceer SkeÀJe®eve ~

2. He=<eoep³eced ö He=<ed Mele= He=<ele ®e leod Deep³eced ®e (keÀce&OeejCe) ~

3. mecYe=leced - meced Ye= ÊkeÀ ~

4. Jee³eJ³eeved - Jee³eg ³eled, efÜleer³ee yengJe®eve ~

5. DeejC³eeved - DejC³e DeCed, efÜleer³ee yengJe®eve ~

6. ûeec³eeë - ûeece ³eled, ÒeLecee yengJe®eve ~

7. ®e¬esÀ - ke=À efueìd, DeelcevesHeo ÒeLeceHeg©<e SkeÀJe®eve ~

meb.Hee. -lemceeÐe%eeled meJe&ngle $eÝ®eë meeceeefve peef%ejs ~

ívobeefme peef%ejs lemceeÐepegmlemceeopee³ele ~~9~~

He.Hee. - lemceeled ~ ³e%eeled ~ meJe&çngleë ~ $eÝ®eë ~ meeceeefve ~ peef%ejs ~~

ívobeefme ~ peef%ejs ~ lemceeled ~ ³epegë ~ lemceeled ~ Depee³ele ~~9~~

DevJe³e ö lemceeled meJe&ngleë ³e%eeled $eÝ®eë meeceeefve (®e) peef%ejs; lemceeled ívobeefme peef%ejs; lemceeled ³epegë

Depee³ele ~

MeyoeLe& ö lemceeled = Gme; ³e%eeled = ³e%e mes; meJe&ngleë = Gme ³e%e mes efpemeceW meJe&ªHelcekeÀ Heg©<e keÀe ³epeve

ngDee Lee; $eÝ®eë = $$eÝ®ee³eW; meeceeefve = meeceved; ívoebefme = iee³e$³eeefo ívo; peef%ejs = GlHeVe ng³es;

lemceeled = Gmemes; ³epegë = ³epeg<ed; lemceeled = Gmemes; Depee³ele = GlHeVe ngDee ~

meb.Yee.ö`meJe&ngleë` `lemceeled HetJeexÊkeÀeled `³e%eeled $eÝ®eë `meeceeefve` ®e `peef%ejs` GlHeVeeë ~ `lemceeled ³e%eeled

`ívoebefme` iee³e$³eeoerefve `peef%ejs` ~ `lemceeled ³e%eeled `³epegë` DeefHe `Depee³ele` ~~


efnvoer DevegJeeo ö Gme meJe&ngled ³e%e mes $eÝpee³eW leLee meece GlHeVe ng³es; Gmemes æ(iee³e$³eeefo) ívo GlHeVe ng³esë

Gmemes ³epeg<ed GlHeVe ngDee ~


From that great General Sacrifice Rcas and Sama hymns were born :

Therefrom were spells and charms produced; the yajus has its birth from

it.,

[Rcas: verses of praise and prayer for recitation. Sama hymns : psalms

for chanting. Spells and charms : magical incantations; probably those of

the later collection of the Atharvaveda. the Yajus: the Collection of

Sacrificial formulas.]

efìHHeCeerö Fme cev$e ceW Gme meJe&ngled ³e%e mes $eÝkedÀ, ³epeg<ed, meece leLee ívo Yeer GlHeVe nes jns nQ ~ ³eneb $eÝkedÀ Deeefo

HeoeW keÀe Jen DeLe& DeefYeÒesle veneR, efpeme DeLe& ceW FvekeÀe J³eJenej Òe®eefuele nw ~ Heeoye×elcekeÀ j®evee $eÝkedÀ

nw, ieÐeelcekeÀ j®evee ³epeg<e nw, ies³eelcekeÀ cev$e meece nw ~ ³eneb $eÝkedÀ keÀe DeLe& cetefle&ceeved DeekeÀej, ³epeg<e keÀe

DeLe& ieefleceeved, meece keÀe DeLe& DeekeÀej keÀer meercee leLee ívoebefme keÀe DeLe& me=efä keÀe Òel³eskeÀ HeoeLe& ~ ³eneb ³es

meYeer meJe&ngled ³e%e mes GlHeVe nes jns nQ ~

J³eekeÀjCe ö

1. peef%ejs ö peved (GlHeVe nesvee) efueìd, ÒeLeceHeg©<e yengJe®eve ~

2. Depee³ele - peved ue*d, ÒeLeceHeg©<e SkeÀJe®eve ~

meb.Hee. - lemceeoéee Depee³evle ³es kesÀ peesYe³eeoleë ~

ieeJees n peef%ejs lemceeled lemceep³eelee DepeeJe³eë ~~10~~

He.Hee. ö lemceeled ~ Deéeeë ~ Depee³evle ~ ³es ~ kesÀ ~ ®e ~ GYe³eeoleë ~~ieeJeë ~

n ~ peef%ejs ~ lemceeled ~ lemceeled ~ peeleeë ~ DepeeJe³eë ~~10~~


DevJe³e ö lemceeled Deéeeë ³es kesÀ ®e GYe³eeoleë Depee³evle; lemceeled n ieeJeë peef%ejs, lemceeled DepeeJe³eë peeleeë ~

MeyoeLe& ö lemceeled = Gme meJe&ngled ³e%e mes; Deéeeë = Iees[s; Depee³evle = GlHeVe ng³es; ³es = pees; kesÀ = keÀesF&; ®e

= Deewj; GYe³eeoleë = oesveeW lejHeÀ oeble Jeeues; ieeJeë = iee³es; n = efveef½ele DeLe& keÀe Jee®ekeÀ efveHeele;

peef%ejs = GlHeVe ngF&; lemceeled = Gmemes; peeleeë = GlHeVe ngF&; DepeeJe³eë = yekeÀefj³ee@ leLee YeW[W ~

me.Yee. - `lemceeled HetJeexkeÌleeÐe%eeled `Deéeeë` GlHeVeeë ~ leLee `³es kesÀ ®e` DeéeJ³eefleefjkeÌleeë ieo&Yeeë Deéeleje½e

`GYe³eeoleë` TOJee&OeesYeeie³ees-©Ye³eesë ovle³egkeÌleeë meefvle lesçH³epee³evle ~ leLee `lemceeled ³e%eeled `ieeJeë`

®e `®eef%ejs` efkebÀ®e `lemceeled ³e%eeled `DepeeJe³eë` ®e `peeleeë` ~

efnvoer DevegJeeo - Gme (meJe&ngled ³e%e) mes Deée GlHeVe ng³es leLee Jes meYeer pees oesveeW lejHeÀ oebleJeeues nQ ~ Gmemes iee³eW

GlHeVe ngF¥; Gmemes yekeÀefj³eeb leLee Yes[s (Hewoe ngF¥) ~


From it were horses born, from it all cattle with two rows of teeth :

From it were generated kine, from it were goats and sheep produced.

efìHHeCeer ö Fme cev$e ceW Gme meJe&ngle ³e%e mes Deée leLee Jes meYeer HeMeg pees oesveeW lejHeÀ oeble Jeeues nQ, iee³eW leLee Yes[

yekeÀefj³eeb nw, GvekeÀer GlHeefÊe yeleeF& ieF& nw ~ Deée ÒeeCe nw, pees GYe³eeoÊeë DeLee&led veer®es THej ®euelee

jnlee nw ~ ieeJeë Jes Hees<ekeÀ leÊJe nQ pees meyekeÀe Hees<eCe keÀjleer nw ~ Goeve-Jee³eg Depee nw, pees meoe THej

keÀer Deesj ®euelee nw, Yes[ DeHeeve-Jee³eg nw pees meoe veer®es keÀer Deesj ÒeJeeefnle neslee nw ~

J³eekeÀjCe ö

1. Depee³evle ö peved ue*d, ÒeLeceHeg©<e yengJe®eve ~

2. GYe³eeoleë ö GYe³eesë ovleeë ³es<eeb les (yengJe´erefnmeceeme) ~

3. peef%ejs ö peved efueìd, ÒeLeceHeg©<e yengJe®eve ~

4. DepeeJe³eë ö Deepe½e DeJe³e½e (ÜvÜmeceeme) ~


meb.Hee. ³elHegª<eb J³eoOegë keÀefleOee J³ekeÀuHe³eved ~

cegKeb efkeÀcem³e keÀew yeent keÀe Tª Heeoe G®³esles ~~11~~

He.Hee. ö ³eled ~ Heg©<eced ~ efJe ~ DeoOegë ~ keÀefleOee ~ efJe ~ DekeÀuHe³eved ~~

cegKeced ~ efkeÀced ~ Dem³e ~ keÀew ~ yeent Fefle ~ keÀew ~ Tª Fefle ~ Heeoew ~ G®³esles Fefle ~~11~~

DevJe³e ö (osJebeë) ³eled Heg©<eb efJe DeoOegë keÀefleOee efJe DekeÀuHe³eved ? Dem³e cegKeb efkeÀced ? keÀew yeent ? keÀe Tª ?

(keÀew) Heeoew G®³esles ?

MeyoeLe& - ³eled = peye, Heg©<eced = Hejce Heg©<e keÀes; efJe DeoOegë = efJeYekeÀle efkeÀ³ee; cegKeced = cegKe; efkeÀced =

keÌ³ee Lee; Dem³e = GmekeÀe; keÀew = keÀewve; yeent = oes Yetpee³eW Leea; keÀew = keÀewve; Tª = oesveeW pebIee³eW;

Heeoew = oesveeW Hewj; G®³esles = keÀns peeles nQ ?

meb.Yee.ö ÒeMveesÊejªHesCe ye´eïeCeeefome=efäb JekeÌlegb ye´ïeJeeefoveeb ÒeMvee G®³evles ~ ÒepeeHelesë ÒeeCeªHee osJeeë `³eled

³eoe `Heg©<eb` efJeje[åHeb `J³eoOegë` mebkeÀuHesveeslHeeefoleJeevleë leoeveeR `keÀefleOee` keÀefleefYeë ÒekeÀejwë

`J³ekeÌHe³eved efJeefJeOeb keÀefuHeleJevleë ~ `Dem³e` Heg©<em³e `cegKeb` `efkeÀced Deemeerled ~ `keÀew` `yeent` DeYetleeced

`keÀe` `Tª` ~ keÀew ®e `HeeoeJeg®³esles ~ ÒeLeceb meeceev³eªHeë ÒeMveë He½eeled cegKeb efkeÀefcel³eeefovee

efJeMes<eefJe<e³eeë ÒeMveeë ~

efnvoer DevegJeeo ö peye (osJeleeDeeW ves) Heg©<e keÀes efJeYekeÌle efkeÀ³ee (Gme mece³e GmekesÀ) efkeÀleves Yeeie efkeÀ³es ?

GmekeÀe cegKe keÌ³ee Lee ? (GmekeÀer) oesveeW Yegpee³eW keÌ³ee LeeR ? (GmekeÀer) oesveeW pebIee³eW keÌ³ee LeeR ? (GmekesÀ)

oesveeW Hewj keÌ³ee keÀns peeles nQ ?


When they initiated Purusa how many portions did they make ?

What was his mouth ?What were his arms ? What are the names of thighs

and feet ?


efìHHeCeer ö J³eoOegë:ö efJe Oee ÒeejCesn`, ue*d, Òe.Heg., ye.Je; ³eled Heo mes mecye× nesves kesÀ keÀejCe

meJee&vegoeÊe ve neskeÀj GoeÊe³egkeÌle nw ~ DekeÀuHe³eved ö keÌue=Hed `keÀuHevee-³eeced` ue*d, Òe.Heg. ye.Je.,

meJee&vegoeÊe ~ Heoevleer³e SkeÀej efÜJe®eveevle nesves kesÀ keÀejCe Òeie=¿e nw ~ Fmeefue³es HeoeHeeþ ceW FeflekeÀjCe ~

Tª- GkeÀej efÜJe®eveevle nesves mes Òeie=¿e meb%ekeÀ nw, DeleSJe HeoHeeþ ceW FeflekeÀjCe ~ Fme cev$e ceW meJe&ngled

Heg©<e keÀer GlHeefÊe leLee GvekesÀ mJeªHeefJe<e³ekeÀ ÒeMveeW kesÀ Üeje efJe%eemee J³ekeÌle keÀer ieF& nw, efpemekeÀe GÊej

Deieues cev$e ceW efo³ee ie³ee nw ~

J³eekeÀjCe ö

1. J³eoOegë - efJe Oee ue*d, ÒeLeceHeg©<e yengJe®eve ~

2. J³ekeÀuHe³eved - efJe keÌue=Hed efCe®ed ue*d, ÒeLeceHeg©<e yengJe®eve ~

3. G®³eles - yet æ(Je®ed), keÀce&Jeep³e, ueìd, ÒeLeceHeg©<e efÜJe®eve ~

meb.Hee. yeéïejesçm³e cegKeceemeerÜent jepev³eë ke=Àleë ~

Tª leom³e ³eÜwM³eë HeÓd³eeb Metêes Depee³ele ~~12~~

He.Hee. ö yeéïeCeë ~ Dem³e ~ cegKeced ~ Deemeerled ~ yeent Fefle ~ jepevleë ~ ke=Àleë ~~

Tª Fefle ~ leled ~ Dem³e ~ ³eled ~ JesM³esë ~ HeledçY³eeced ~ Metêë ~ Depee³ele ~~12~~

DevJe³e ö Dem³e cegKeb yeéïeCeë Deemeerled, jepev³eë yeent ke=Àleë, ³eled JewM³eë leled Dem³e Tª, Metêë HeodY³eeced

Depee³ele ~

MeyoeLe& ö yeéïeCeë yeéïeCe, Dem³e GmekeÀe; cegKeced cegKe; Deemeerled Lee; yeent oes Yetpee³eW;

jepev³eë #eef$e³e; ke=Àleë yevee; Tª oesveeW pebIee³eW; leled Gvemes; GmekeÀer; ³eled pees LeeR; lewM³eë

JewM³e; He×d³eeced oesveeW HewjeW mes; Metêë Metê; Depee³ele GlHeVe ngDee ~

meb.Yee.öFoeveea HetJeexkeÌleeveeb ÒeMveeveecegÊejeefCe oMe&³eefle ~ `Dem³e` ÒepeeHelesë

`yeéïeCeë` yeéïeCelJepeeefleefJeefMeäë Heg©<eë `cegKeceemeerled cegKeogHleVe Fl³eLe&ë ~ ³eesç³eb `jepev³eë`

#eef$e³elJepeeefleceeved Heg©<eë meë `yeent ke=Àleë` yeenglJesve efve<Heeefoleë ~ yeengY³eeceglHeeefole Fl³eLe&ë ~ `leled`

leoeveerced `gm³e` ÒepeeHelesë `³eled ³eesw `Tª` leêtHeë `JewM³eë` mebHeVeë ~ T©Y³eeceglHeVe Fl³eLe&ë ~ leLeeçm³e


`HeÓd³eeb` HeeoeY³eeb `Metêë` MetêlJepeeefleceeved Heg©<eë `Depee³ele` ~ F³eb ®e cegKeeefoY³ees

ye´eïeCeeoerveeceglHeefÊe³e&pegë mebefnlee³eeb meHlecekeÀeC[ `me cegKeleefm$eJe=æleb efvejefceceerle` (lew,meb. 7.1.1.4)

Fl³eeoew efJemHeä-ceecveelee ~ Deleë ÒeMveesÊejs GYes DeefHe lelHejle³ewJe ³eespeveer³es ~~

efnvoer DevegJeeo ö ye´ïeCe GmekeÀe cegKe Lee, oesvees YegpeeDeeW mes #eef$e³e ngDee; GmekeÀer pees pebIee³eW Leea Gvemes JewM³e

ngDee; (GmekesÀ) oesveeW HewjeW mes Metê GHleVe ngDee ~


The Purusa was Brahmana from his mouth, he was made Rajanya

from his arms. From his thighs, he became the Vaisya, from his feet

he was produced as the Sudra.

efìHHeCeer ö Fme cev$e ceW ye´eïeCe keÀes meJe&ngled Heg©<e keÀe cegKe, jepev³e keÀes GmekeÀer Yegpee³es, JewM³e keÀes GmekeÀer

pebIee³eW leLee oesveeW HewjeW keÀes Metê yevee³ee ie³ee nw ~ efpeme ÒekeÀej cegKe-yeeng-pebIee³eW leLee nwj J³eeefkeÌle kesÀ

mecHetCe& Mejerj keÀer megefmLeefle keÀe GuuesKe keÀjles nQ, Gmeer ÒekeÀej DeO³eeHeve, j#ee, DeLeexHeepe&ve leLee

keÀce&mecHeeove keÀer #ecelee ªHe meceûe ceeveJe peeefle kesÀ ³eLeeÒeke=Àefle ®elegOee& J³eJemee³e keÀe mebkesÀle keÀjles nw ~

FveceW mes efkeÀmeer Yeer SkeÀ kesÀ DeYeeJe ceW ³ee GmekesÀ mJemLe mJeªHe ceW ve ieesves mes J³eefkeÌle, meceepe, jeä^ SJeb

efJeéekeÀer ieefle ©keÀ mekeÀleer nw ~

J³eekeÀjCe ö

1. Deemeerled - Demed efue*d, ÒeLeceHeg©<e SkeÀJe®eve ~

meb.Hee. ®evocee cevemees peele½e#eesë met³exe Depee³ele ~

cegKeeefovê½eeefive½e ÒeeCeeÜe³egjpee³ele ~~13~~

He.Hee. ö ®evêceeë ~ cevemeë ~ peeleë ~ ®e#eesë ~ met³e&ë ~ Depee³ele ~~

cegKeeled ~ Fvêë ~ ®e ~ Deefiveë ~ ®e ~ ÒeeCeeled ~ Jee³egë ~ Depee³ele ~~13~~

DevJe³e ö cevemeë ®evêcee peeleë, ®e#eesë met³e&ë Depee³ele; cegKeefovê½e Deefive½e ÒeeCeeod Jee³egë Depee³ele ~


MeyoeLe& ö ®evêcee : ®evêcee; cevemeë ceve me; peeleë GlHeVe ngDee; ®e#eesë DeeBKe mes; met³e&ë ³et³e&;

Depee³ele GlHeVe ngDee; cegKeeled cegKe mes; Fvêë Fvê; ®e Deewj; Deefiveë Deefive; ®e Deewj;

ÒeeCeeled ÒeeCe mes; Jee³egë nJee; Depee³ele GlHeVe ngDee ~

meb.Yee. ö ³eLee oO³eep³eeefoêJ³eeefCe ieJeeo³eë HeMeJe $eÝieeefoJesoe ye´eïeCeeo³ees ceveg<³ee½e lemceeoglHeVee SJeb

®evêeo³ees osJee DeefHe lemceeosJeeslHeVee Fl³een ~ ÒepeeHelesë `cevemeë` mekeÀeMeeled `®evêceeë` `peeleë ~

`®e#eesë` ®e ®e#eg<eë `met³e&ë` DeefHe `Depee³ele` ~ Dem³e `cegKeeefovê½eeefive½e` osJeeJeglHeVeew ~ Dem³e

`ÒeeCeeÜe³egjpee³ele` ~~

efnvoer DevegJeeo ö (Gme Heg©<e kesÀ) ceve mes ®evêcee GlHeVe ngDee; (GmekeÀer) DeeBKe mes met³e& GlHeVe ngDee ~ (GmekesÀ)

cegkeÀ mes Fvê Deewj Deefive (GlHeVe ng³es); (GmekeÀer) éeebme mes Jee³eg GlHeVe ngDee ~


He was born as the Moon from his mind, and sun from his eyes; As

Vayu and Prana from his ear, and from his mouth as Agni.

efìHHeCeer ö Fme cev$e ceW meJe&ngled Heg©<e Hejceséej kesÀ ner ceve mes ®evêcee keÀer GlHeefÊe, DeeBKe mes met³e& keÀer GlHeefÊe, cegKe

mes Fvê leLee Deefive keÀer GlHeefÊe leLee ÒeeCe mes Jee³eg keÀer GlHeefÊe yeleeF& ieF& nw ~ ®evêcee ner ceve keÀe

DeefOeÿelee nw, met³e& DeeBKeeW keÀer p³eesefle keÀe DeefOeÿelee nw, Fvê Deewj Deefive cegKe kesÀ DeefOeÿelee nQ ~ Deefive

GHeosMe kesÀ Üeje leLee Fvê DeHeveer j#ee kesÀ Üeje meyekeÀer efmLeefle keÀes yevee³es jKeles nQ ~

meb.Hee. veeY³ee Deemeerovleefj#eb Meer<Ceex Ðeewë meceJele&le ~

HeYod³eeb Yetefceefo&Meë #ees$eeÊeLee ueeskeÀeB DekeÀuHe³eved ~~14~~

He.Hee. ö veeY³eeë ~ Deemeerled ~ Devleefj#eced ~ Meer<Ce&ë ~ Ðeewë ~ meced ~ DeJele&le ~ HeledçY³eeced ~ Yetefceë ~ efoMeë ~

Þees$eeled ~ leLee ~ ueeskeÀeved ~ DekeÀuHe³eved ~~14~~


DevJe³e ö veeY³eeë Devleefj#eced Deemeerled, Meer<Ce&ë Ðeewë meced DeJele&le, HeodY³eeb Yetefceë, Þees$eeled efoMeë leLee ueeskeÀeved

DekeÀuHe³eved ~

MeyoeLe& ö veeY³eeë = veeefYe mes; Demeerled = GlHeVe ngDee Lee; Devleefj#eced = Devleefj#eueeskeÀë; Meer<Ce&ë = efMej

mes; Ðeewë = ÐegueeskeÀ; meceJele&le = GlHeVe ngDee; HeodY³eeced = oesveeW HewjeW mes; Yetefceë = He=efLeJeer; efoMeë =

efoMee³eW; Þees$eeled = keÀeve mes; leLee = Fmeer ÒekeÀej; ueeskeÀeved = ueeskeÀeW keÀer; DekeÀuHe³eved = me=efä keÀer ~

meb.Yee.ö ³eLee ®evoeoerved ÒepeeHelesce&veëÒeYe=efleY³eesçkeÀuHe³eved `leLee` Devleefj#eeoerved `ueeskeÀeved` ÒepeeHelesë

veeY³eeefoY³ees osJeeë `DekeÀuHe³eved` GlHeeefoleJevleë ~ SleosJe oMe&³eefle ~ `veeY³eeë` ÒepeeHelesiee&Yesë

`Devleefj#eceemeerled` ~ `Meer<Ce&ë` efMejmeë `Ðeewë` `meceJele&le` GlHeVee ~ Dem³e `ve×d³eeb` HeeoeY³eeb `Yetefceë`

GlHeVee ~ Dem³e `Þees$eeled` `efoMeë` GlHeVeeë ~~

efnvoer DevegJeeo ö (GmekeÀer) veeefYe mes Devleefj#e (GlHeVe ngDee) Lee; efMej mes DeekeÀeMe GdHeVe ngDee; oesveeW HewjeW mes

He=efLeJeer, keÀeve mes efoMee³eW ~ Fmeer ÒekeÀej meYeer ueeskeÀeW keÀer me=efä (osJeleeDeeW ves) keÀer ~


From his navel he ws midspace; he was the sky from his head;

Earth from his feet, and from his ear the Quarters. Thus they

classified the body of Purusa.

[Cf. The creation-myth of the world-giant Ymir in Old Northern

poetry. The hills are his bones, the sky his skull, the sea his blood,

and the clouds his brains. See Corpus Poeticum Boreale, II. 468]

efìHHeCeer ö meme cev$e ceW Devleefj#e keÀes ner Heg©<e keÀer veeefYe, efMej mes Ðeew keÀer GlHeefÊe, Hewj mes Yetefce keÀer GlHeefÊe leLee

keÀeveeW mes efoeeDeeW keÀer GlHeefÊe yeleeF& ieF& nw ~ Fme ÒekeÀej mecHetCe& ueeskeÀ meJe&ngled Heg©<e keÀe ner efJejeìd ªHe

nw ~

J³eekeÀjCe ö

1. meceJele&le ö meced Je=led ue*d, ÒeLece Heg©<e SkeÀJe®eve ~


2. DekeÀuHe³eved- keÌue=Hed (yeveevee, efvecee&Ce keÀjvee) ue*d, ÒeLece Heg©<e yengJe®eve ~

meb.Hee. meHleem³eemeved HeefjOe³eefm$eë meHle meefceOeë ke=Àleeë ~

osJee ³eÐe%eb levJeevee DeyeOveved Heg©<eb HeMegced ~~15~~

Hee.Hee. ö meHle ~ Dem³e ~ Deemeved ~ HeefjçOe³eë ~ ef$eë ~ meHle ~ mecedçFOeë ~ ke=Àleeë ~ osJeeë ~ ³eled ~ ³e%eced ~

levJeeveeë ~ DeyeOveved ~ Heg©<eced ~ HeMegced ~~15~~

DevJe³e ö Dem³e (³e%em³e) meHle HeefjOe³eë Deemeved, ef$eë meHle meefceOeë ke=Àleeë, ³eled ³e%eb levJeeveeë osJeeë Heg©<eb

HeMegced DeyeOveved ~

MeyoeLe& ö meHle meele; Dem³e = GmekeÀer; DeeSved = LeeR; HeefjOe³eë = HeefjefOe³eeb; ef$eëmeHle = FkeÌkeÀerme; meefceOeë

= meefceOee³es; ke=Àleeë = yeveeF& ieF& Leer; osJeeë = osJeleeDeesB ves; ³eled = efpeme mece³e; ³e%eced = ³e%e;

levJeeveeë = mecHeVe keÀjles ng³es; DeyeOveved = yeebOee Lee; Heg©<eced = Hejce Heg©<e keÀes; HeMegced = HeMeg kesÀ ªHe

ceW ~

meb.Yeeö `Dem³e` meebkeÀefuHekeÀ³e%em³e iee³e$³eeoerefve `meHle` ívoebefme `HeefjOe³eë` `Deemeved ~ SsefäkeÀm³eenJeveer³em³e

$e³eë HeefjOe³e GÊejJesefokeÀem$e³e Deeefol³e½e meHleceë HeefjefOeÒeefleefveefOetHeë ~ Dele SJeecvee³eves `ve

HegjmleelHeefj oOeel³eeefol³ees ïesJeesÐeved Heg©mleeê#eebm³eHenefvle` (lew.meb. 2.6.6.3) Fle ~ lele Sle

Deeefol³emeefnleeë meHle HeefjOe³eesç$e meHle ívoesªHeeë ~ leLee `meefceOeë` `ef$eë meHle`

ef$eiegCeerke=ÀlemeHlemebK³eekeÀeë SkeÀefJebMeefleë `ke=Àleeë` ~ ÜeoMe ceemeeë Heáele&Jem$e³e Fces ueeskeÀe DemeeJeeefol³e

SkeÀefJebMeë` (lew.meb. 5.1.10.3) Fefle ]gleeë HeoeLee& SkeÀefJebMeefleoe©³egkeÌlesOcelJesve YeeefJeleeë ~ `³eled ³eë

Heg©Kees Jewjepeesçefmle leb `Heg©<eb` osJeeë ÒepeeHeefleÒeeCesefvê³eªHeeë `³e%eb ³eë Heg©<ees Jewjepeesçeefmle leb `Heg©<eb`

osJeeë ÒepeeHeefleÒeeCesefvê³eªHeeë `³e%eb `levJeeveeë` ceevemeb ³e%eb levJeeveeë kegÀJee&Ceeë `HeMegced `DeyeOveved

efJejeìdHeg©<ecesJe HeMeglJesve YeeefJeleJevleë ~ SleosJeeefYeÒesl³e HetJe&$e `³elHeg©<esCe nefJe<ee` Fl³egkeÌleced ~~

efnvoer DevegJeeo ö GmekeÀer meele HeefjefOe³eeb LeeR; FkeÌkeÀerme meefceOee³eW yeveeF& ieF& LeeR, efpeme mece³e ³e%e keÀjles ng³es

osJeleeDeeW ves Heg©<e-HeMeg keÀes yeebOee Lee ~



Then seven were his enclosing-sticks, his kindling-brands were

three times seven, When Gods, performed the samstkara of Purusa.

[Enclosing-sticks : See II. 3. Kindling-brands : See II. 4. Sayana

explains paridhayah here as the seven sacred metres, or as six

shallow trenches dug round the fire and an imaginary one round the

Sun. According to Mahidhara, the twenty-one kindling-brands are

the twelve months, five seasons, the three worlds of earth, air, and

heaven, and the Sun.

efìHHeCeer ö efJejeìd Heg©<e keÀe efpelevee efJemleej nw, Jen SkeÀ ÒekeÀej mes mecHetCe& ³e%e keÀe efJemleej nw ~ Gme ³e%eefkeÀ

meele HeefjefOe³eeb yeleeF& ieF& nw ~ HeefjefOe ³e%ekeÀer Jesoer keÀer meerceeDeeW keÀes keÀnles nQ; meele ueeskeÀ ner meele

HeefjefOe³eeb nQ ~ Fmeer keÀer Devegke=Àefle Hej Ssef<ìkeÀ Jesefo kesÀ DeenJeveer³e keÀer leerve HeefjefOe³eeb, GÊejJesefo keÀer leerve

HeefjefOe³eeb leLee Deeefol³e meHlece HeefjefOe ªHe ceW nQ ~ mebJelmej kesÀ 12 cenerves, 5 $eÝleg³eW, ³es 3 ueeskeÀ leLee

Deeefol³e ³es ner ³e%e keÀer 21 meefceOee³eW nw ~ ye´eïeCeûevLeeW ceW Fve ÒeleerkeÀeW keÀe YetefjMeë GuuesKe nw ~

J³eekeÀjCe ö

1. levJeeveeë ö leved Meeve®ed, ÒeLecee, yengJe®eve ~

2. DeyeOveved ö yevOed ue*d, ÒeLeceHeg©<e yengJe®eve ~

meb.Hee. ³e%esve ³e%ece³epevle osJeemleeefve Oecee&efCe ÒeLeceev³eemeved ~

lesn veekebÀ ceefnceeveë me®evle ³e$e HetJex meeO³eeë meefvle osJeeë ~~16~~

He.Hee.ö ³e%esve ~ ³e%eced ~ De³epevle ~ osJeeë ~ leeefve ~ Oecee&efCe ~ ÒeLeceeefve ~ Deemeved ~ les ~ n ~ veekeÀced ~

ceefnceeveë ~ me®evle ~ ³e$e ~ HetJex ~ meeO³eeë ~ meefvle ~ osJeeë ~~16~~

DevJe³e ö osJeeë ³e%esve ³e%eced De³epevle ~ leeefve ÒeLeceeefve Oecee&efCe Deemeved ~

les n ceefnceeveë veekebÀ me®evle ³e$e HetJex meeO³eeë osJeeë (®e) meefvle ~


MeyoeLe& ö ³e%esve ³e%e mes; ³e%eced ³e%eHeg©<e keÀe; De³epevle ³epeve efkeÀ³ee; osJeeë osJeleeDeeW ves; leeefve

Jesner; Oecee&efCe Oece&; ÒeLeceeefve meJe&ÒeLece; Deemeved Les; les Gve ueesieeW ves; n efveef½ele DeLe& keÀe

Jee®ekeÀ SkeÀ efveHeele; veekeÀced mJeie& keÀes; ceefnceeveë Hetpeves Jeeues; me®evle ÒeeHle efkeÀ³es; ³e$e peneb

Hej; HetJex Hegjeves; meeO³eeë ÒepeeHeefle Deeefo me=efä keÀÊee&DeeW keÀe Jeie&; meefvle Jeeme keÀjles nwB; osJeeë

osJelee ~

meb.Yee.ö HetJe¥ ÒeHe_JesveeskeÌleceLe¥ mebef#eH³ee$e oMe&³eefle ~ `osJeeë` ÒepeeHeefleÒeeCeªHeeë `³e%esve` ³eLeeskeÌlesve ceevemesve

mebkeÀuHesve `³e%eb Òeefme×eefve Oecee&efCe peieêtHeefJekeÀejeCeeb OeejkeÀeefCe `ÒeLeceeefve` cegK³eeefve `Deemeved ~

SleeJelee me=efäÒeefleHeeokeÀmetkeÌleYeeieeLe&ë mebie=nerleë DeLeesHeemevelekeÌHeÀueevegJeeokeÀYeeieeLe&ë mebie=¿eles ~ `³e$e`

³eefmceved efJejeìdÒeeefHleªHes veekesÀ `HetJex `meeO³eeë` Hegjelevee efJeje[gHeeefmlemeeOekeÀeë `osJeeë meefvle` efleÿefvle

leled veekebÀ efJejeìd-ÒeeefHleªHeb mJeie¥ `les` `ceefnceeveë`leogHeemekeÀe cenelceeveë `me®evle` meceJe³eefvle

ÒeeHvegJeefvle ~~

efnefvo DevegJeeo ö ³e%e mes osJeleeDeeW ves ³e%e-Heg©<e keÀe ³epeve efkeÀ³ee; Jes ner meJe&ÒeLece (me=efä³e%eªHe) Oece& Les ~ Gve

³epeve keÀjvesJeeueeW ves mJeie& keÀes ÒeeHle efkeÀ³ee, peneb Hej me=efä keÀjves ceW meceLe& ÒepeeHeefle Deeefo Hegjeves

osJeleeDeeW keÀe Jeie& leLee osJeieCe Jeeme keÀjles nQ ~


Gods, sacrificing, initiated the Purasa into the Vedas : these were

the earliest holy ordinances. The Mighty Ones attained the height of

heaven, there where the Sadhyas, Gods of old, are dwelling.

efìHHeCeer ö ³e%e mes ner ³e%e keÀe ³epeve ³en JewefokeÀ $eÝef<e³eeW keÀer DeodYegle ¢efä nw ~ FmeceW mecHetCe& ye´ïeeC[ meceeefnle

nw ~ ³es OejCe keÀjves Jeeues ÒeLece leÊJe Les Deewj Deeies Yeer jnWies ~ peye lekeÀ ³en ³e%e ®euelee jnsiee leye lekeÀ

³en ye´ïeeC[ jnsiee, ³ee ³ees keÀnW efkeÀ peye lekeÀ ³en ye´ïeeC[ jnsiee leye lekeÀ ³en Meeéele ³e%e efvejvlej

ÒeJenceeve jnsiee ~ Fme DeodYegle meH³e keÀer DevegYetefle JewefokeÀ $eÝef<e³eeW ves keÀer Leer ~ Dee®ee³e& JeeOetue ves Fme

cev$e keÀer J³eeK³ee ceW `leeefve Oecee&efCe` keÀer J³eeK³ee keÀjles ngS ³en yelee³ee nw efkeÀ ye´ïeeC[ keÀes OeejCe keÀjves

Jeeues Deeþ leÊJe-He=efLeJeer, Devleefj#e, ÐegueeskeÀ leLee cenë ueeskeÀ (³ee meesceueeskeÀ) leLee Fve ®eej ueeskeÀeW kesÀ

DeefOeÿe$eer osJelee Deefive, Jee³eg, Deeefol³e Deewj Je©Ce nQ ~ ³es ner Deeþ cev$e ceW `ceefnceeveë` keÀns ie³es nw

(JeeOetue-4.6.2-3)


J³eekeÀjCe ö

1. Depe³evle - ³eped ue*d, DeelcevesHeo, ÒeLeceHeg©<e yengJe®eve ~

2. me®evle ö me®ed ue*d, ÒeLeceHeg©<e yengJe®eve, JewefokeÀ ªHe; Oeeleg kesÀ HetJe&Jeleea `De` keÀe ueesHe nes ie³ee

nw ~

UNIT – II – ATHARVAVEDA – RASTRAVHIVARDHANA SUKTA

Atharvaveda

Introduction

The importance of Atharvaveda Saàhitä lies in the very fact that it

is an invaluable source of knowledge of the popular belief, of the

faith in numberless spirits, imps, ghosts, and demons of every

kind, and of the witchcraft, so eminently important to ethnology

and for the history of religion. In short, it is a very valuable store of

our ancient folklore. Atharvaveda contains materials from the

Ågveda. Scholars opine that it was written down much later than

the other three Vedas, perhaps around 600 BCE; although it may

have been composed much earlier, say around 1000 BCE.

Veda-trayé and the Atharvaveda

There is considerable scope for dispute regarding the claim of the

Atharvaveda to be counted as a Veda at all. With regard to the

designation of the Vedas as trayi (triad, i.e. Ågveda, Yajurveda

and Sämaveda), and the eligibility of the Atharvaveda for inclusion

among the Vedas, it is interesting to observe the divided views of

the scholars on the issue.

According to one view, the Atharvaveda, which contains spells of

all possible kinds against many diseases, enemies, etc.


represented the religion of the masses, in contrast to the other

Vedas relating to cosmic worship representing the religion of the

classes.

Another view explains the purpose of the three Vedas and the

Atharvaveda, to be respectively the attainment of the desired

objects, and the warding off the evils. It takes the omission of the

Atharvaveda at places where trayé is mentioned, as being due to

want of propriety of reference, and not due to its inferiority or

supposed non-Vedic character, since a large number of highly

philosophical hymns occur in this Veda also, besides its sharing

many hymns in common with the Ågveda.

The comments of Lakshman Sarup in his The Nighaëtu and Tae

Nirukta are worth citing here —

For a considerable time, the Atharvaveda was not recognised as

divine revelation. For the followers of Atharvaveda, it was therefore

necessary to demonstrate the superiority of their own Veda to the

Ågveda, the Sämaveda and the Yajurveda. Perhaps, the most

effective means employed for the achievement of this object, was

to invent legends and allegorical stories,, in which all the four

Vedas are introduced, and in which a certain task is proposed for

them. The ÅV, the SV, and the YV, are invariably shown to be

incompetent in its performance, and it is given up as too difficult by

the three Vedas in succession, being finally accomplished by the

AV, whose superiority over the other three Vedas is thus implicitly

expressed. I quote the following two stories from the Gopatha

Brähmaëa in support of my statement, tän väg-abhyuväca . . .

açänto nu-ayam açva iti.


Sarup continues,

It need hardly be said that the efforts of the followers of the

Atharvaveda were crowned with success, for, in course of time,

the AV, was recognised as one of the revealed scriptures. But their

method of discrediting the other Vedas gave rise to a movement of

enquiry and scepticism - a movement, the traces of which can still

be discovered in isolated passages of the Äraëyakas and the

Upaniñads. Besides the fact that the anti-Vedic ideas have been

preserved in the Aranyakas and the Upanisads, which according

to orthodox tradition are a part of the scriptures, indicates that the

movement must have been important and widespread, so much so

that even some of the Vedic scholars came under its influence,

and freely gave expression to their heterodox views, some of

which have survived.

Even in Indian literature, three Vedas and four Vedas are

mentioned side by side. The literature connected with sacrifices

recognises only three Vedas. Jaimini in his Mémäàsä-Sütras

defines only the Ågveda, the Yajurveda, and the Sämaveda,

ignoring the Atharvaveda, which has no place in the sacrifices. In a

sacrifice, there are four kinds of priests, the Hotä, connected with

the Ågveda, the Adhvaryu, connected with the Yajurveda; the

Udgätä, connected with the Sämaveda; and Brahmä, who

supervises the whole sacrifice. The priest Brahmä is sometimes

connected with the Atharvaveda. This relation is not natural; it is

only an attempt at an equation. It may be said that while the

Atharvaveda represents the Indian philosophy and religion that

runs parallel to the current represented by the other Vedas; it is

also tire earlier stage of a current that culminated in the Ägama

and Tantra literature.


Rajbali Pandey writes,

Considering its popular character, Ridgeway concludes that it is

not a record of Äryan religion, but represents the beliefs of the

aboriginal people. This view cannot be accepted. It is just possible,

that the Indo-Äryan assimilated many non- Äryan elements in their

religion, but the lower strata of the Äryan community were no less

interested in the lower side of the religion, than the non-Äryan

populations. The Atharvaveda reflects the faith and rites of the

common people, rather than the highly specialised religion of the

priests.

Cultural Value of the Atharvaveda

If by Veda we mean sacrificial literature, then Atharvaveda is not

considered as one of the Vedas by some (say Jaimini).

Nevertheless, it will ever remain one of our richest heritages

representing the secular and pre-eminently intellectual aspect of

our ancients. The term atharvaë was from the very beginning

associated with intellectualism. The Ågvedic seer Dirghatamas

belongs to the Atharvan family. The famous philosophical hymn

composed by Dirghatamas has the two passages 'Truth is one;

sages call it by various names' and 'There are two birds, with fair

wings, knit with bonds of union .. ,'. This has been the basic text

for latter day Indian philosophy regarding the relation between

Brahman and the jéva, and the concept occurs in this hymn. In the

Raghnvaàça (I), where the King Dilipa goes to his teacher

Vasiñöha, to consult him on very important state matters, Kalidasa

refers to Vasistha as the repository of Atharva-'knowledge

(Ätharvanidhi).


There was however no conflict between the civilisation

represented by the three Vedas and that represented by the

Atharvaveda. They represent two aspects of a civilisation that is

single and unitary. One can safely say that the three Vedas

represent mainly the aspect of an ancient Indian civilisation

dealing with the goal of man in a future life, and the Atharvaveda

represents chiefly the other aspect, dealing with the life of man in

this world. The three Vedas deal with gods and sacrifices; the

Atharvaveda deals with man, his protection from enemies,

destruction of foes, kings and politics, welfare in this life, and

similar other things.

Atharvaveda Samhitä

The Atharvaveda is also known as Atharväìgirasa-Veda. As the

seers of Atharvaveda Saàhitä, its rsis were known as the

Atharväìgirasa or simply the Äìgirasa. Of these two classes of

priests, the Atharvaëa priests were adept in Çänti-Puñti-Karmas -

rituals related to accomplishment of peace in the family, society,

for securing health, wealth, protection, and friendship. And the

Äìgirasa priests were adept in abhicärika - karmas - performing

rituals for cure of diseases (yakñma - tuberculosis, kuñöha -

leprosy, çveta-kuñöha - leukoderma, jvara - fever, takma - skin-

disease, kåmi - a kind of intestinal parasites) and destruction of

wild animals, çatru-näçana - destruction enemies and çätrusenä-

sammohana - immobilising the enemy army, evil spirits (asuras —

VI.7, alakñmé-näçana), etc.

It is also known as Bhågväìgirasa-Veda, since Bhågu was Åsi

Aìgira's disciple and was instrumental in popularising Atharvaveda.

Its other name is Brahmaveda, since the priest is titled Brahmä.


Still another name is Bhaiñajya-Veda, since it mostly consists of

mantras for the cure of many diseases.

As per modern scholars as stated above, Atharvamëa or Äìgirasa

were a class of highly intellectual priests who are reputed to be the

first to have instituted the fire-worship and Soma sacrifices. They

were the earliest teachers of Brahmavidyä. The word Atharva

means purohita, a fire priest, and it is the oldest Indian name for

'priest' in general.

Sage Atharvaëa was the son of Åsi Bhågu who was the son of

Brahmä. 'Atharvaëa' means — na tharvati calati iti atharvaëa —

'the one who has no vacillation of the mind (who is steady in his

vision) is called Atharvana'. That which was revealed to Sage

Atharvaëa is the Atharvaveda.

Atharvaveda Samhitä Çäkhäs

The extant Çaunaka-Çäkhä has 20 käëòas, 759 kaëòikäs and

5,977 mantras (5,987 in Svadhyaya Mandala, Pardi edition).

Çaunaka- Çäkhä begins with ye triñaptär paryanti. According to

Pataïjali's Mahäbhäñya and Brähmayajïa-Tarpaëa, the first verse

of Atharvaveda begins with çan no devirabhiñöaye .... However,

this mantra is first mantra in Paippaläda Saàhitä, whereas in

Çaunaka-Çäkhä it is the sixth mantra - 1.1.6. It appears that the

Paippaläda Saàhitä was once more popular. In the Kaçméré

recension as well as the Odisha recension of Paippaläda Saàhitä,

çan no devirabhiñöaye. . . is the first mantra of the Atharvaveda.

Many hymns of Çaunaka Saàhitä are quoted in Kauçika-Sütra and

Vaitäna-Sütra. Säyaëa also quotes many of these in his bhäñya

on the Atharva Saàhitä of Çaunaka-Çäkhä. Maurice Bloomfield


and William Dwight Whitney have made a survey of the available

hymns of the Paippaläda (Käçméré) recension.

Atharvaveda has many foreign words like, kiarata, alika, viligi,

tabuva, tastuva, which are traced to be very old Chaldean words

used in 4500 BCE.

Gäyatåé-mantra is believed to be the essence of the three Vedas,

which means that Atharvaveda is excluded. According to one view,

before learning the Atharvaveda, a brahmacari must go through a

second upanayanam ceremony. Generally, the Gäyatré imparted

to a child at Brahmopadeça ceremony is called Tripäda-Gäyatré —

it is so called because it has three pädas or quarters. Each päda

encompasses the essential spirit of one Veda. The Atharvaveda

has a separate Gäyatré, and if people belonging to other Vedas

want to learn this Veda, they have to go through a second

upanayanam to receive instruction in it. For the followers of the

first three Vedas, however, there is only one Gäyatré, and those

belonging to any one of them can learn the other two Vedas

without another upanayanam.

Pataïjali in his Mahäbhañya has referred to nine çäkhäs of the

Atharvaveda- (i) Paippaläda, (ii) Tauda, (iii) Muëda, (iv)

çaunakéya, (v) Jäjala, (vi) Jalada, (vii) Brähmaveda, (viii)

Devadarça and, (ix) Cäraëavidya.

The Caraëavyüha also furnishes a list of nine çäkhäs - (i)

Paippaläda, (ii) Däntä, (iii) Pradäntä, (iv) Autä, (v) Jäbälä, (vi)

Çaunakä, (vii) Brahmapaläçä, (viii) Kunakhé-vedadarçé, and (ix)

Cäraëavidya.


Säyaëäcärya accepts the existence of nine çäkhäs; however, his

list is slightly different from the list of Caraëavyüha. Scholars give

preference to Säyaëa's list that is — (i) Paippaläda, (ii) Tauda, (iii)

Mauda, (iv) Çaunakéya, (v) Jäjala, (vi) Jalada, (vii) Brahmavada,

(viii) Devadarçi, and (ix) Cäraëavaidya.

Pataïj ali Säyaëa Caraëavyüha

1 Paippaläda Paippaläda Paippaläda

2 Dänta Tauda Däntä

3 Pradänta Mauda Pradänta

4 Snäta Jalada Autä

5 Sautna Jäjala Jäbälä

6 Brahmadävala Brahmavada Brahmapaläçä

7 Çaunaka Çaunakéya Çaunakä

8 Devavarçata Devadarçé Kunakhé-Vedadarçi

9 Cäraëavidyä Cäraëavaidya Cäraëavidyä

Of these, Saunaka is extant. The Paippalada-Sakha has since

been discovered, edited and published.

Subject Matter of Atharvaveda

Atharvaveda is the most secular of all the four Vedas, in that; it

deals with worldly matters and issues in the manner and to the

extent not addressed by the other three Vedas. The definition —

istaprdptyanista-pariharayor-alaukikam-updyam yo grantho

vedayati sa vedah, is validated in Atharvaveda. It conveys to us

the knowledge of many magic formulae, since it contains mantras


with which one wards off misfortunes and disasters and brings

about the destruction of one's enemies.

Atharvaveda is a mixture of prose and poetry. The mantras of the

other three Vedas also serve the same purpose as those of the

Atharvaveda. However, what is special about Atharvaveda is that,

it has references to some deities not mentioned in the others and

has mantras addressed to fierce spirits. What has come to be

known as mantrikam (magical rites) has its source in this Veda.

Additionally, it also contains suktas that speak of lofty truths. It has

Prthivi-Sukta, which glorifies this planet with all its creatures. A full

hymn18 is dedicated to the Vedic hrah.maca.ri.

It is learnt from some stone inscriptions that, Atharvaveda had a

following in Tamil country, until some centuries ago. Information

about Vedic schools is provided by inscriptions found near Perani,

near Ennayiram and a place near Walajabadin the neighbourhood

of Kancipuram (all in Tamil Nadu). Even during the reign-of the

later Colas, the Atharvaveda was learnt in the Tamil country.

Incidentally, there are reportedly 18 categories among brahmanas

in Odisha. One such category is known as Atharvanikas, which is

Atharvavedins. Currently, Atharvavedins are also there in

Saurashtra (in Gujarat) and Kosala (in UP),n though their number

is small. Atharvaveda Samhita is rarely chanted in the north, and is

not heard in the south at all. Currently (in 2012) in the Kaftcl

Kamakoti Math of Puri, Odisha, about 20 brahmacarls are being

taught the Paippalada-Sakha, and it is chanted everyday.


The prevalent £aunaka-Sakha has 20 kandas (books) containing

759 kandikas and 5,977 mantras-verses (5,987 as per Svadhyaya

Mandala, Pardi edition). Hie recently discovered and published

Paippalada-Sakha also has 20 kandas (books) containing 923

kandikas, and 7,900 mantras-verses (as per Kunja Bihari

Upadhyaya, editor of Atharvanaveda-Paippalada-Samhita).

Scholars consider the last two books 19th and 20th, as khila-

kanda, to be the later additions. The 20th book has almost entirely

been taken from Rgveda. Scholars also are sceptical about book

15 (vratya-kanda) from chronological point of view, and consider

this to be as later addition. Thus, books 1-13 only are

characteristically the most Atharvanic, and the rest correspond to

various hymns of Rgveda Samhita.

One-sixth of Atharvaveda mantras are in the prose form, while the

rest are in metre. About 1,200 mantras of the Atharvaveda (175th)

are from the Rgveda.

Of the 5,977 mantras of Atharvaveda (Saunaka-Sakha), 2,696

mantras are the original, envisioned by Atharva Rsi. Of the rest, 49

were by Atharvahgira, 29 by Brhaddiva or Atharva, 7 by Mrgara or

Atharva, 7 by Vasistha or Atharva, 4 by Krttika or Atharva and 7 by

Bhrgu-Atharvana. Thus, since 2,799 (2,696 + 49 + 29+ 7+ 7+ 4+

7) mantras of 220 suktas were seen by Rsi Atharva, this Veda is

named after him.

The subject matter of Atharvaveda is divided into eight broad

categories:

Categories Contents


1. Bhaisajya-Sukta At least 144 suktas describe the symp- .-

"various diseases, and names of herbs/ root; for curing them.

2. Ayusya-Sukta Many suktas are prayers for long and hea)

3. Paustika-Sukta These suktas has refrence regarding ag-:

house-building and trade/ business

4 Strikarma-Sukta This category includes love, marriage, progeny

and protection of progeny. It has charms / spells to neutralise the

co-wife and obtain husband's love and attention.

5 PrayaScitta-Sukta Hymns are there to atone for many known/

unknown wrong doings.

6 Brahmanya-Sukta These are philosophical suktas discussing

the cosmology. Atharvaveda is known as Brahmaveda because

of these suktas.

7 Rajakarma-Sukta These hymns help tire king in running the

kingdom smoothly. There are suktas to defeat/destroy the

enemies/opposite armies.

8 Abhicara-Sukta These are again charms and spells against enemies, (Black-magic)raksasas. Although their number is insignificant, nevertheless, because of their presence, westerners name this Veda as abhicara-pradhana-veda


UNIT-ⅰⅰⅰ ATHARVAVEDA – PRTHVI SUKTA

R.S.I DEVATA CHANDA, VINIYOGA —

ÒeLece megkeÌleced

ÜeoMes keÀeC[s Heáe metÊkeÀeefve Heáe ®eevegJeekeÀeë ~ Òel³eskeÀefmceved ûevegJeekesÀ SkeÀefceefle met$eHeáekeÀm³e J³eJemLee ~

le$esoceeefoceb metkeÌleb ef$e<eefsdìcev$eelcekeÀced, $eÝef<ejLeJee&, YetefceoxJelee, ívo:- 1.3.17.26, 31, 55,

60 - ef$eägHed; 2- YetefjkedÀef$eägHed; 4-6, 10, 38- HeìdHeoe peieleer; 7- ÒemleejHe*defkeÌleë; 8, 11-

<eìdHeoe efJeje[efäë; 6-HejevegägHed; 12, 13, 15, 37 - HeáeHeoe MekeÌJejer; 14- ceneye=nleer; 16,

21- meecveer ef$eägHed; 18-<eìdHeoe ef$eägyevegägyieYee&efleMekeÌJejer; 19- Gjesye=nleer; 20- efJeje[gjesye=nleer;

22-<eìdHeoe efJeje[eflepeieleer; 23-HeáeHeoe efJeje[eflepeieleer; 24- HeáeHeoevegägyieYee&; 25-

meHleHeoesef<CeievegägyieYee& MekeÌJejer; 26-21, 33, 35, 39 40, 50, 54, 56, 59, 63 -

ÞevegägHed; 53 - HegjesyeeJe&leeçvegägHed; 30- ef$eHeoeb efJeje*diee³e$eer, 32- Hegjmleepp³ees efleefleefm$eägHed; 34-

<eìdHeoe; ef$eägyye=nleerieYee&eflepeieleer; 36-efJeHejerleHeeoue#cee He*d efkeÌleë, 21- <eìdHeoe keÀkegÀcceleer MekeÌJejer;

42- mJeje[vegägHe; 43- efJeje[emleejHe*defkeÌleë; 44, 45, 49- peieleer; 46- <eìdHeoevegägyieYee&

HejeMekeÌJejerë 47- <eìdHeoesef<CeievegägyieYe& HejeefleMekeÌJejer; 48- HegjeçvegägHed; 52- <eìdHeoevegägyieYee&

keÀkegÀcceleer MekeÌJejer; 520 HeáeHeoevegägyieYee& Hejeeflepeieleer; 57- Hegjespeeielee peieleer; 58-

Hegjmleeodye=nleer; 61- Hegjesyeen&lee ef$eägHed; 62- HejeefJejeìd (efve®e=led) ef$eägHed ~ cev$eeë - 63 ~~

``He=efLeJeermetkeÌlecesleled ~ Deefmceved He=efLeJ³eeë ÒeYetleb efvemeie&JeCe&veced ~ keÀefleef®eled HeewjeefCekeÀerë keÀLee½eevegue#³e

JeCe&veced ~

`mecÒeoe³eevegmeejsCe leg metkeÌlecesleod yengefJeOeb efJeefve³egp³eles ~ leÐeLee mel³eb ye=nledFl³evegJeekeÀes Jeemlees<Hel³eieCes

Heefþleë ~ Þem³e ieCem³e efJeefve³eesieë `FnwJe Oe´=Jeeced` (Òe.3~12) Fefle met$es êäJ³eë ~ leLee

Deeûene³eCeerkeÀcee|Ce je$eew ÒeY³eeleeveevleb ke=ÀlJee $e³e½ejJeë ÞeHeef³eleJ³eeë ~ leleë DevesveevegJeekesÀve Òeivesë He½eeod

ielex oYee&veemleer³e& SkeÀb ®e©b meke=Àled meJe&ngleb pegnesefle ~ efÜleer³eb ®e©ced ÒevesveevegJeekesÀve mecHeel³eeefYecev$³e

ÒeMveeefle ~ le=leer³eb ®e©b mel³eb ye=nod Fl³eeÐeeefYeë meHleefYeë $eÝefiYeë `Yetces ceeleë` (36) Fl³eäc³ee ®e®ee&

ef$epeg&nesefle ~ Òeäeveece=®eeceeJe=l³ee nesce$e³eb mebHeeÐeefcel³eLe&ë ~ Deivesë Heed®eeÎYex<eg keÀefMeHeg le=Cece³eb

ÒemlejCeceemleer³e& efJece=iJejerced (29) Fl³eve³eesHeefJeMeefle ~ ³eemles efMeJeeë (Òe. 9~2~25) Fefle

mebefJeMeefle ~ ³e®í³eeveë (34) Fefle He³ee&Jele&ves ~ `mel³eb Je=nod’ Fefle veJeefYeë `MeefvleJee` (59)

Fl³e=®ee `Goe³eg<ee` (Òe. 3~31~10;11) Fefle ÜeY³eeb ®e Òeele©efÊeÿefle ~ GÜ³eced (Òe. 7~55~7)

Fefle ie®íefle ~ `GoerjeCeeë` (28) Fl³e=®ee Òee*d Jeeso*d Jee yee¿elees ie®íleer ~ ³eeJeÊes (33) mel³e=®ee

YegJeceer#eles ~ Fl³eeûene³eCeerkeÀce& ~


leLee HegefäkeÀeceë GVeleb mLeuecee©¿e `³eeJeÊes` (33) Fl³e=®ee F&#eles ~

leLee ÒevesveevegJeekesÀveesoHee$HmecHeel³e Hegjmleeoivesë meerjb ³egkeÌleb mecÒees#eefle ~

leLeevesveevegJeekesÀve ke=Àef<ekeÀce& YeJeefle ~ le®®e meerje `³eg¡eefvle` (De.3~~7) Fefle met$es efJemlejsCeeskeÌleb

êäJ³eced ~

leLee Heg$eOeveeefomeJe&HeÀueÒeeHl³e³eb `³em³eeb meoesnefJeOee&ves` (38-40) Fefle efleme=efYejep³eb pegnesefle ~

leLee Jeérefn³eJeeÐeVekeÀeceë `³em³eeceVeced` (42) Fl³e=®ee He=efLeJeercegHeefleÿles ~

leLee ceefCeefnjC³eeefokeÀeceë èfveefOeb efyeYe´leer` (44; 45) Fefle Üec³eeb He=efLeJeercegHeefleÿle ~

leLee ÒeeH³eeefHe ceefCeb efnjC³eb Jee ÒeeY³eecesJeesHeefleäles ~

leLee HegefäkeÀecees Je=efäkeÀeues `³em³eeb ke=À<Ceb` (52) Fl³e=®ee veJeesokeÀceefYecev$³e Òee®eceveb mveeveb ®e keÀjesefle ~

leogkeÌleb keÀewefMekesÀve ö`mel³eb ye=nod Fl³eeûene³eC³eeced ~ He½eeoiveso&Yex<eg Keoe³eeb meJe&ngleced ~ efÜleer³eb

mebHeeleJevleceMveeefle ~ le=leer³em³eeefoueë meHleefYeë `Yetces ceeleë` Fefle ef$epeg&nesefle ~ Heed®eeoiveso&Yex<eg

`keÀefMeJJeemleer³e&` efJece=iJejerced Fl³egHeefJeMeefle ~ `³eemles efMeJeeë` Fefle mebefJeMeefle ~ `³e®í³eeveë` Fle

He³ee&Jele&les ~ veJeefYeë `MeefvleJee` Fefle oMec³ee `Goe³eg<ee` Fl³egHeesefÊeÿefle ~ `GÜ³eced` Fl³eglkeÀeceefle ~

`ToerjeCeeë` Fefle $eerefCe Heoeefve Òee*d Jeeso*d Jee Jee¿es veesHeefve<¬eÀc³e `³eeJeÊes` Fefle Jeer#eles ~ GVelee®®e ~

Hegjmleeoivesë meerjb ³egÊkeÀcegoHee$esCe mecHeeleJeleeJeefmeáeefue ~ Þee³eespeveeveeceH³e³eë ~ `³em³eeb meoesnefJeOee&ves`

Fefle pegnesefle Jejes ce Þeeieefce<³eleerefle ~ `³em³eeceVeced` Fl³egHeefleÿles ~ èfveefOeb efJeYe´leer Fefle ceefCeb

efnjC³ekeÀeceë ~ `³em³eeb ke=À<Ceced` Fefle Jee<e&ke=Àlem³ee®eeceefle efMejm³eeve³eles ~` (keÀeQ. met. 24~24-41)

Fefle ~ Jejes JejCeer³eesçLeex cece YeJesefol³eLe&ë ~

leLee ûeeceHeÊeveeefoj#eeLe&³evesveevegJeekesÀve ®elegjë Hegjes[eMeeved ÒeMceeslejeved ke=ÀlJee ûeeceeefokeÀesCes<eg e fveKeveefle ~

leLee ûeece ö HeÊeveeefoj#eeLe&cevesveevegJeekesÀve SkewÀkeÀm³e Hegjes[eMem³eesHeefj Hee<eeCeb ke=ÀlJee GYe³eeved mecHeeleJeleë

ke=ÀlJee ûeeceeefokeÀesCes<eg efveKeveefle ~ meJe&$e ÒeefleêJ³eb metÊkeÀeJe=efleë ~

leLee Òeivesje³elevem³e ÒemevleeHe³egkeÌles osMes Me³eeveë SlecevegJeekebÀ peHeefve ~ meJe&$e keÀce&Ceeb efJekeÀuHeë ~

leogkeÌleb keÀewefMekeÀmet$esö`Yeewcem³e ¢eflekeÀceee|Ce ~ Hegje[esMeeved ÒeedceesÊejeved Òevleë m$eefÊkeÀ<eg efveoOeeefve ~

GYe³eevlemebHeeleJeleë ~ meYeeYeeieOeeves<eg ®e ~ ÒemebleeHes p³eesefleje³elevem³ewkeÀleesçv³eb Me³eevees Yeewceb peHeefle`

(keÀew.met. 38, 12-16) Fle ~


`leLee Yetefce®eueves Dem³eevetJeekeÀm³e nesces efJeefve³eesieë ~ `ÒeLe ³e$ewleod Yetefce®euees YeJeefle` Fl³eg$keÀc³eeskeÌleb

keÀewefMekesÀve ö`mel³eb ye=nod Fl³evesveevegJeekesÀve peg©³eeled ~ mee le$e Òee³eef½eefÊeë` (keÀew.met. 98, 1; 3,4)

Fefle ~

leLee meesce³e%es oeref#eleefve³eces<eg cet$eHegjer<eMeg×d³ele¥ ueesäeoeves Òem³e efJeefve³eesieë ~ leogkeÌleb Jewleeves `mel³eb ye=nod`

Fefle ueesäceeoe³e` (Jewlee. Þeew. met. 12-’)

`leLee `HeeefLe&JeeR metefcekeÀecem³e` (Meeb.keÀ. 17~5) Fefle efJeefnlee³eeb HeeefLe&J³eeb ceneMeevleew Òem³eevegJeekeÀm³e

efJeefve³eesieë ~ leogkeÌleb MeeefvlekeÀuHes ö``mel³eb ye=nod Fl³evegJeekeÀë HeeefLe&J³eeced`` ~ (Meeb.keÀ. 18~8)

Fefle ~

meb.Hee.- mel³eb ye=nÎlecegûeb oer#ee leHees ye´¿e ³e%eë He=efLeJeeR Oeej³eefvle ~

mee vees Yetlem³e YeJ³em³e Helv³eg©b ueeskebÀ He=efLeJeer veë ke=ÀCeesleg ~~1~~

HeoHeeþë

mel³eced ~ ye=nled ~ $eÝleced ~ Gûeced ~ oer#ee ~ leHeë ~ ye´ïe ~ ³e%eë ~ He=efLeJeerced ~ Oeej³eefvle ~ mee ~

veë ~ Yetlem³e ~ YeJ³em³e ~ YeJ³em³e ~ Helveer ~ G©ced ~ ueeskeÀced ~ He=efLeJeer ~ veë ~ ke=ÀCeesleg ~~1~~

DevJe³eö ye=nled mel³eced, Gûeced $eÝleced, oer#ee, leHeë, ye´ne, ³e%eë (Sles) He=efLeJeer Oeej³eefvle ~ mee veë

Yetlemve³e YeJ³em³e He$eer He=efLeJeer (Fceb) G©b ueeskebÀ veë ke=ÀCeesleg ~

MeyoeLe& ö mel³eced = mel³e, ye=nled = efJeMeue, ceneved, $eÝleced = MeeÞele efve³eced, GÒeced = Òe®eC[, oer#ee

= ³e%e mes HetJe& ³epeeceeve keÀe mebmkeÀej, leHeë = leHem³ee, ye´¿e = ÒeeLe&vee, ye´¿e, ³e%eë = ³e%e, He=efLeJeerced =

He=efLeJeer keÀes, Oeej³eefvle = OeejCe keÀjles nw, mee = Jen, veë = nceejs, Yetlem³e = Yetle keÀer, YeJ³em³e =

YeefJe<³e keÀer, He$eer = jef#ekeÀe, G©ced = efJeMeeue, ueeskeÀced = ueeskeÀ keÀes, He=efLeJeer = He=efLeJeer, veë = nceejs

efue³es, ke=ÀCeesleg = keÀjs ~

meb.Yee.ö mel³eb meefle meeOeg mevleceLe&cee³e³eefle Òel³ee³e³eefle Fefle efve©keÌl³ee ³eLeeLe&Yee<eCeced ~ `mel³eb keÀmceeled

melmeg lee³eles melÒeYeJeb Jee YeJeefle` (efve©. 3-3-1) ~ Jeeef®ekebÀ ³eLeeLe&Yee<eCeefceefle mee³eCeë ~ ye=nled

cenled ~ mecelmel³eefceefle ~ $eÝleb JeweféekebÀ mel³eb me=äsefve&³eecekebÀ yeueced ~ ceevemeb ³eLeeLe&me¹uHeveefceefve

mee³eCeë ~ Gûeced ÒeYeerÜb leerJe´ced ~ leHeë leHe½ejCeced ~ oer#ee Je´leefve³eceOeejCeced ~ ye´¿e Jesoë ~ JesoesHeefoäb

%eeveb ye´ïe®e³e& ®e ~ `ÒeLeecetleb ye´ïeCees ªHeb ÒeeCe½ee³ecevlejekeÀeMeë ~` (cee.Me. 14~5~3~8) Fefle


ye´ïeCeeocetle&ceefHe ~ ³e%ees osJeHetpeeme²eflekeÀjCeoeveªHeë ~ DeLeJee Òelcee Jew ³e%eë (cee.Me. $eÝ~2~1~7)

FefLe ye´eïeCeesÊkeÀë ~ leÊJeev³esleeefve He=efLeJeeR Oeej³eefvle ~ meJewjslewë He=efLeJeer Ie=lee, Dele SJe efmLeje ~ SJebefJeOee

mel³eeefoefYeIee&³e&ceeCee ³es³eb He=efLeJeer He=LJeer efMeMeeuee Yetefceë, Yetlem³e HetJe&ceglHeVem³e, leLewJe YeJ³em³e

GlHelm³eceevem³e, Jele&ceevem³eeefHe Jemlegpeelem³e ®e Helveer ÒeYeefJe$eer Heeueef³e$eer Jee, veë DemceY³eced G©b efJemleerCeb

He³ee&Hleb ueeskebÀ o=efäce³ee&oeHe³e&vleb efJeMeeueb YetYeeieb efveJeemeke=Àäeefo³eesi³eb mLeeveb ke=ÀCeesleg keÀjesleg ~

ooeeflJel³eLe&ë ~ ye=nod, ye=n Je=Îew Fl³em³e `Jele&ceeves He=<eod ye=nod0` (G. 2~84) Fefle efveHeeleë ~ $eÝlecelex

efveÿe ~ Gûeced G®³eleerefle ~ T®e meceJee³ees Fl³emceeod `$eÝp$es0` (G. 2~28) jved Òel³e³eë,

ie½eevleeosMeë ~ oer#ee, oer#e ceewC[d³esp³eesHeve³eveeoew cJeeosë `iel³eLee&keÀcebkeÀ0` (Hee. 3~4~72) Fefle

keÀlee|j ÊkeÀë, ìeHed ~ ye´ïe ye=bnleerefle ~ ye=efn Je=×ew cJeeosë `ye=nsvedx®®e` ~ (G. 4~146) Fefle ceefveved,

Oeeleesve&m³e ®eeoeosMeë ~ ³e%eë Fp³eles Devesvee$e Jee~ ³epesë `³epe ³ee®e0` (Hee~ 3~3~90) ve*d ~ He=efLeJeer

ÒeLe efJemleejs `ÒeLesë ef<eJeved mecÒemeejCeb ®e` (G. 1~149) `Hel³egveex ³e%emeb³eesies` (Hee. 4~1~33)

Fefle veë *erHed ®e ~ ueeskebÀ ueeskeÀ³ele Fefle ueeskeÀë ~ ueeske=ÀoMe&ves Ie_ed ~

efn.Deb ö ceneve ³el³e, Òe®eC[ Meeéele efve³ece, oer#ee, leHem³ee, cev$e, Deewj ³e%e (Fme) He=efLeJeer keÀes OeejCe

keÀjles nQ ~ Jen nceejs Yetle Deewj YeefJe<³e keÀer j#ee keÀjves Jeeueer He=efLeJeer (Fme) efJeMeeue ueeskeÀ keÀes nceejs

efue³es keÀjs ~

ENGLISH TRANSLATION —

The great Truth, the terrible Eternal law. the conscraling Rite, penance, prayer, and

Sacrifice (all these) uphold the Earth. May she, the protector of our past and future,

the earth, make this vast world for us.

Notes — $eÝleced —See notes on $eÝlem³e (RV.I.18) ye´ïee – When the word ye´ïee accents the

first syllable it means ‘Prayer’. Oeej³eefvle dhr ‘to hold’, cous. Pres. 3rd. plu. ke=ÀCeesleg Kr

‘to make’ impy. 3rd. sing.

meb.Hee.ö ÒemebyeeOeb ceO³eles ceeveJeeveeb ³em³ee GodJeleë ÒeJeleë meceb yeng ~

veeveeJeer³ee& Òees<eOeer³ee& efyeYe|le He=efLeJeer veë ÒeLeleeb jeO³eleeb veë ~~2~~

He.Hee. - ÒemecedçyeeOeced ~ ceO³eleë ~ ceeveJeeveeced ~ ³em³eeë ~ GledçJeleë ~ ÒeçJeleë ~ mececed ~ yeng ~

veeveeçJeer³ee&ë ~ Òees<eOeerë ~ ³ee ~ efyeYeefle& ~ He=efLeJees ~ veë ~ ÒeLeleeced ~ jeO³eleeced ~ veë ~~2~~


DevJe³e - (³ee) ceeveJeeveeb ceO³eleë DemebyeeOeb (Deefmle); ³em³eë GÜleë ÒeJeleë meceb yeng (ÒeosMeeë meefvle); ³ee

veeveeJeer³ee&ë Dees<eOeerë efyeYeefle&, (mee) He=efLeJeer veë ÒeLeleeced, veë jeO³eleeced ~

MeyoeLe& ö DemebyeeOeced = yeeOeejefnle, ceO³eleë = ceO³e ceW, ceeveJeeveeced = ceveg<³ees kesÀ, ³em³eeë =

efpemekesÀ, GÜleë = Tb®es, ÒeJeleë = veer®es, mececed = meceleue, yeng = yengle, veeveeJeer³ee&ë = DeveskeÀ

Heje¬eÀceJeeueer, Dees<eOeerë = Dees<eefOe³ees keÀes, ³ee = pees, efyeYeefle& = Hees<eCe keÀjleer nw, He=efLeJeer = He=efLeJeer,

veë = nces, ÒeLeleeced = HewÀueeJes, jeO³eleeced = mece=× keÀjs, veë = nceW ~

meb.Yee.- ceeveJeeveeb meleesë mecyeefvOeveeb cevetHeefoäb Oece& ®ejleeb cel³ee&veeb ceO³eleë les<eeb efveJeemeYetleYetÒeosMeosJe,

lewjsJe mececed, ÒemebyeeOeb mebJeeOee efveJeemeefJeOvees ³eLee les<eeb ve YeJeefle leLe ³em³eeë He=efLeJ³ee GÜleë Gef®í^leeë

Òeosee efieefjefMeKejefoªHeeë, ÒeJeleë ojeriegnekeÀvojeÐeeë ÒeOeëÒeosMeeë yeng ÒeefOekeÀefJemleejb, meceb mecemLeueced

DeefvecveesVeleeë meceeë ÒeosMeeë meefvle ~ ³ee ®e He=efLeJeer Yetefceë veeveeJeer³ee&ë efJeefJeOeew<eOeer³eiegCee Òees<eIeerë

uelee*dkegÀjeÐeeë Je=#eJevemHel³eeÐee½e, efyeYeefle& Yetceew Òeª{e Oeej³eefle ~ mes³eb He=efLeJeer `ÒeÒeLele He=efLeJeer` (lew.meb.

2~1~2~3) Fefle Þegl³egÊkeÀe ÒeLeveMeeruee Yetefceë, veë ÒemceY³eb ÒeLeleeced ÒeefOekeÀefJemleeje YeJeleg ~

efveJeemeke=À<³eeefo³eesi³eeveefOekeÀevÒeosMeeved ÒemceY³eb efJelejleg ~ veë ÒemceY³eb ®e jeO³eleeb keÀce&efmeef×oe YeJeleg ~

ÒemecyeeOeced `ÒeJ³e³eerYeeJe½e` (Hee. 2~4~18) Fefle veHegbmekeÀced ~ ceO³eleë ceO³eeled Heáec³eLex leefmeU ~

GÜleë GogHemeiee&led `GHemeiee&®ívoefme OeelJeLex` (Hee. 5~1~118) Fefle Jeefleë ~ leeved ~ leLewJe ÒeJeleë ~

efn.De.ö (pees) ceveg<³eeW kesÀ ceO³e yeeOeejefnle nw; efpemekesÀ Tb®es, veer®es leLee meceleue DeveskeÀ (ÒeosMe) nw, pees

veevee Heje$keÀceJeeueer Dees<eefOe³eeW keÀes OeejCe keÀjleer nw, (Jen) He=efLeJeer nceW HewÀueeJes Deewj nceW mece=× keÀjs ~

ENGLISH TRANSALATION :-

Among men (who) is unobstructed; whose are mjany high, low and level (plains),

who bears the plants endowed with many variewd powers, may (she) the Earth spread

wide for us and make us prosperous.

Notes – DemebJeeOeced ö ve_ed meced badh ‘too bstruct’, Grifftth takes it to mean ‘not

crowded by the crowd’. – Gotleë, ÒeJeleë ö See Gêlee and ÒeJelee (Rv. 1.35.3). veeveeJeer³ee& –

Having many varied powers. Bahuvrihi compd. Accented on the first member. efyeYeefle&


bhr ‘to bear’ pres. 3rd. sind. not unaccented because preceded by ³ee. Òe³eleebced – prath

‘to spread’ Atm. impv. 3rd. sing. jeO³eleeced ö radh ‘to accomplish’. Atm. Impv. 3rd.

sing; not unaccented because beginning of a sentence.

meb.Hee. - ³em³eeb mecegê Gle efmevOegjeHees ³em³eecevveb ke=Àä³eë meb yeYetJegë ~

³em³eeefceob efpevJeefle ÒeeCeospeled mee vees Yetefceë HetJe&Hes³es oOeeleg ~~3~~

HeoHeeþë

³em³eeced ~ mecegêë ~ Gle ~ efmevOegë ~ ÒeeHeë ~ ³em³eeced ~ ÒeVeced ~ ke=Àä³eë ~ mecedçyeYetJegë ~

³em³eeced ~ Foced ~ efpevJeefle ~ ÒeeCeled ~ Speled ~ mee ~ veë ~ Yetefceë ~ HetJe&çHes³es ~ oOeeleg ~~3~~

DevJe³e - ³em³eeb mecegêë Gle efmevOegë DeeHeë, ³em³eeced DeVeb ke=Àä³eë mebyeYetJegë; ³em³eeced Fob efJevJeefle, ÒeeCeled,

Speled; mee Yetefceë veë HetJe&Hes³es oOeeleg ~

MeyoeLe& ö ³em³eeced = efpemeHej, mecegêë = mecegê, Gle = Deewj, efmevOegë = veoer, DeeHeë = peue, ³em³eeced

= efpeme Hej, DeVeced = DeVe, ke=Àä³eë = ceveg<³e, mebyeYetJegë = melee ceW nQ, mem³eeced = efpemeHej, Foced =

³en meye, efpevJeefle = Òemeveve neslee nw, ÒeeCeled = mebeme ueslee nw, Speled = efJe®ejCe keÀjlee nw, mee = Jen,

veë = nces, Yetefceë = He=efLeJeer, HetJe&Hes³es = ÒeLece mLeeve ceW, oOeeleg = Òeefleÿeve keÀjs ~

me.Yee. - ³em³eeb Yetc³eeb mecegêë ÒeCe&Jees Jele&les ~ Gle ÒeefHe ®e, efmevOegë veoveoerÒeJeene Jele&vles ~ ÒeeHeë

efvePe&jle[eieeo³eë peueeMe³eeë ®e Jele&vles ~ ³em³eeced GJe&je³eeb #es$eJel³eeced, ÒeVeb Je´erefn³eJeeefokebÀ ceveg<³eeCeeb

Yeesp³eb pee³eles ~ ³em³eeb ®e He=efLeJ³eeb ke=Àä³eë ke=Àef<ekeÀce&kegÀMeuee pevemecetneë mecyeYetJegë HetJe¥ mebYetlee DeOegveeçefHe

mebYeJeefvle ~ ³em³eeb ®e Yetceew Fob ÒeeCeled ÒeeCeJeppeerJepeeleb, Speled ®esäceeveb meled ef¬eÀ³eejleb meled, efpevJeefle

efJe®ejefle ~ mee Yetefceë ef#eefleë, veë Òemceeved, HetJe&Hes³es HetJexCeeefûecesCe Hes³eced DeemJeeÐeb meescejmeeefokebÀ leefmceved

meesce³eeieeefo<eg meesceHeeveeJemejsçefûeceW ceeveenx Hes³e$keÀces oOeeleg mLeeHe³eleg ~ ³eÜe HetJe¥ YeespeveelHetJe¥ Hes³es

iees#eerjeefoyeengu³esçmceeved oOeeleg ~ Yetcesë Òemeeosve Je³eb ÒeLeceW meesceHeeef³eveë ÒeYetle#eerjHeeef³evees Jee YeJesce ~

mecegêë mecegveÊeerefle ~ mebHetJee&od Gvoer keÌuesoves ~


efn.Deb- efpeme (He=efLeJeer) Hej mecegê, veoer Deewj peue nw; efpeme Hej DeVe leLee ÒeeCeer meÊee ceW nQ; efpeme Hej ³es

(meYeer) Deeveefvole nesles nQ, meebme uesles nQ leLee efJe®ejCe keÀjles nQ, Jen Yetefce nceW meJe&ÒeLece mLeeve ceW Òeefleefÿle

keÀjs ~

©Oeeosë mHeÀeef³eleefáe. (G. 2~13) Fl³eewCeeefokeÀes jkedÀ-Òel³e³eë ~ efmevOegë m³evovles ÒeeHeë Òeefmceved ~ m³evot

ÒeñeJeCes YJeeosë `m³evosë mecÒemeejCeb Oe½e` (G. 1~11) Fefle Gë Òel³e³eë, ³ekeÀejm³e mecÒemeejCeb om³e ®e

Oeë ~ ÒeVeced DeÐeles leled ~ ÒeÊesë keÀce&efCe ÊkeÀë ~ ke=Àä³eë keÀ<e&vleerefle ke=À<e efJeuesKeves Fl³emceeled `eflkeÀ®eÊkeÀew

®e meb%ee³eeced` (Hee. 3~3~174) Fefle efÊkeÀ®ed ~ `ke=Àä³e Fefle ceveg<³eveece, keÀce&Jevlees YeJeefvle efJeke=Àäosne

Jee` (efve©. 10~22) Fefle efve©ÊkeÀceefHe ~ efpevJeefle iel³eLe&ë (efveIe. 2~14) ~

ENGLISH TRANSLATION :-

In whom are the ocean, river and waters. In whom are existed the food and the

creatures; in whom are active, breathing and moving; may this Earth place us in first

drink.

Notes – ke=Àä³eë ö Nom. plu. of ke=Àefä from Krs ‘to plough’. Griffith takes it to mean

‘corn – lands’. But in the present context it should be taken to mean creatures, that

live on food. mebyeYetJegë ö meced + bhu ‘to be’ perf. 3rd. pllu.; not unaccented because

preceded by – efpevJeefle ö Jinu ‘to puicken’ pres. 3rd. sing; not unaccented because

preceded by - ³em³eeced ÒeeCeled ö Òe + an ‘to breathe’; here Upasarga is not separated by

avagraha in the padatext; because is not used as independent word. Speled - ej ‘to stir’

+ Mele=. HegJe&Hes³es ö Upapada ccompd. Accented on the second member

(ieeflekeÀejkeÀesHeHeoemke=Àled Pan. VI.2.139).

meb.Hee.- ³em³ee½eleñeë ÒeefoMeë He=efLeJ³ee ³em³eecevveb ke=Àä³eë meb yeYetJegë ~

³ee efyeYeefle& yengOee ÒeeCeospeled mee vees Yetefceieex<JeH³eVes oOeeleg ~~4~~

He.Hee. - ³em³eeë ~ ®elem$eë ~ ÒeçefoMeë ~ He=efLeJ³eeë ~ ³eçm³eeced ~ ÞeVeced ~ ke=Àä³eë ~ mecedçyeYetJegë ~ ³ee ~

efJeYeefle& ~ yengçOee ~ ÒeeCeled ~ Speled ~ mee ~ veë ~ Yetefceë ~ iees<eg ~ ÞeefHe ~ ÞeVes ~ oOeeleg ~~4~~


DevJe³e ö³em³eeë He=efLeJ³eeë ®elem$eë ÒeefoMeë (meefvle); ³em³eeced DeVeb ke=Àä³eë mebyeYetJegë ³ee ÒeeCeod Speled

yengOee efJeYeefle&; mee Yetefceë veë iees<eg DeVes DeefHe oOeeleg ~

Meyoe.- ³em³eeë = efpemekesÀ, peleñeë = ®eej, ÒeefoMeë = efoMee³eW, He=efLeJ³ee = He=efLeJeer keÀer, ³em³eeced =

efpemeHej, DeVeced = DeVe, ke=Àä³eë = ÒeeCeer, mebyeYetJegë = meÊee ceW nQ, ³ee = pees, efyeYeefle& = OeejCe keÀjleer

nw, yengOee = DeveskeÀ ÒekeÀej mes, ÒeeCeled = mebeme uesvesJeeues keÀes, Speled = efJe®ejCe keÀjvesJeeues keÀes, mee =

Jen, veë = nceW, Yetefceë = He=efLeJeer, iees<eg = iee³eeW ceW, DeefHe = Yeer, DeVes, oOeeleg = OeejCe keÀjs ~

meb.Yee. - ³em³eeë Þem³eeë He=efLeJ³eeë ÒeLeveMeeruee³ee Yetcesë, ®eleñeë ÒeefoMeë YetJe&eÐee cegK³ee efoMe

Þeeives³eeefokeÀesCewë meefnlee Jele&vles ~ efoievleHe³e&vlee ceneefJemleejs³eb He=efLeJeerefle YeeJeë ~ ³em³eeb ®ewlem³eeced ÞeVeb

ceveg<³eejeceenej³eesi³eced, ke=Àä³ees pevemecetne½e leogHeYeesÊkeÀejë mecyeYetJegë mebYetleeë mebYeefJe<³eefvle ®e ~ ³ee ®e

Yetefceë yengOee veeveepeeleer³eceveskeÀÒekeÀejb ÒeeCeled éemeppeerJeled ÒeeefCepeeleced Speled ®esäceeveb efÜHee®®eleg<HeeoeefokebÀ

efyeYee&le Oeej³eefle GojHetjCesve Heg<Ceeefle ~ mee Yetefceë, veë Þemceeved iees<eg oOeeleg, JeeCeer<eg JeeCeerÒe³eesiemeeceL³ex

oOeeleg ~ ÒeLeJee iees<eg #eerefj<eg HeMeg<eg ~ cetcesë ke=ÀHe³ee He³ee&Hleb JeeCeerÒe³eesiemeeceL³e¥ ueYescenerl³eLe&ë ~ `ieewJez JeekedÀ

ieewefJe&je[d ieewefjob meJe&ced (cew. meb. 4~2~3) Fefle ÞegeflejefHe ~ ³eÜe He³ee&Hleb ieesOeveb ueYescenerefle ~ DeVes ®e

oOeeleg Yetefceefj³eb ÒeYetleceVecemcel#es$es<etlHeeo³eleg ~

efn.De.ö efpeme He=æefLeJeer keÀer ®eej osMeeceW nw; efpemeHej De$e leLee ÒeeefCe³eeW keÀer meÊee nw, pees meebme uesvesJeeues

leLee efJe®ejCe keÀjvesJeeues keÀes DeveskeÀ ÒekeÀej mes OeejCe keÀjleer nw, Jen He=efLeJeer nceW iee³ees ceW leLee DeVe ceW

Òeefleefÿle keÀjs ~


Earth of whose are the four quarters; in whom are existed the food and the creatures;

who holds varied may the breathing and moving (creatures) may Earth place us in

cows and also in food.

mebb.Hee.- ³em³eeb HetJex HetJe&pevee efJe®eefkeÀjs ³em³eeb osJee ÒemegjeveY³eJele&³eved ~

ieJeeceéeeveeb Je³eme½e efJeÿe Yeieb Je®e&ë He=efLeJeer vees oOeeleg ~~5~~

HeoHeeþë


He.Hee. - ³em³eeced ~ HetJex ~ HetJe&çpeveeë ~ efJeç®eefkeÀjs ~ ³em³eeced ~ osJeeë ~ Òemegjeved ~

ÞeefYeçÞeJele&³eved ~ ieJeeced ~ Þeéeeveeced ~ Je³emeë ~ ®e ~ efJeçmLee ~ Yeieced ~ Je®e&ë ~ He=efLeJeer ~

veë ~ oOeeleg ~~5~~

DevJe³e öHetJex mem³eeb HetJe&pevee efJe®eef¬eÀjs, ³em³eeb osJeeë Demegjeved Dec³eJele&³eved; (³ee) ieJeeced Deéeeleeb

Je³emeÞe efJeÿe (Deefmle); (mee) He=efLeJeer veë Yeieb Je®e&ë oejleg ~

Meyoe.ö efJeéeYeje = meyekeÀe YejCe-Hees<eCe keÀjvesJeeueer, JemegOeeveer = Oeve keÀes OeejCe keÀjvesJeeueer,

Òeefleÿe = meyekesÀ Ke[s nesves keÀe mLeeve, efnC³eJe#ee = mJeCe& keÀer Je#emLeue$eeueer, peeleë = mebmeej keÀes,

efveJesMeveer = Deejece osves Jeeueer, Jewéeevejced = Jewéeevej Deefive keÀe SkeÀ veece nw, efJeYe´leer = OeejCe keÀjleer

ngF& nw, Yetefceë = He=efLeJeer, Deefiveced = DeefVe keÀes, Fvê$eÝ<eYee = Fvê Üeje mebjef#ele, He=efLeJeer = He=efLeJeer, vees

= Fmes, oOeeleg = Òeefleefÿle keÀjs ~

meb.Yee.ö ³em³eeb He=efLeJ³eeb, HetJex Hegjeleveeë HetJe&ceglHeVeeë, YetJe&peveeë Demceoer³eeë HetJe&Heg©<eeë, efJe®eef¬eÀjs

efJeMes<esCe veJeveJeeefve Jemletefve GlHeeo³eeceemegë, ³eÜe mebMeesOevesve mebmkeÀejb ÒeeHegë ~ ³em³eeb ®eem³ecesJe He=efLeJ³eeb

osJee Fvêeo³eë Òemegjeved Je=$eeoerved ÒeY³eJele&³eved HejeYeJeved~ osJee½eemegje½e He=efLeJ³eeb DeJemeved ~ `He=efLeJeer n nw

meJex<eeb osJeeveeceeÐeleveced ~` (Me.ye´e. 14~3~2~4) meefle ye´eïeCeceefHe ~ ³ee ®e He=efLeJeer ieJeeb ieJeeoerveeb

#eerefjCeiced, Òeéeeveeb Jeenvecetleeveeb YeejJeeefnveeb ®e HeMetveeb Je³emeë efJenieHeve²eosë meHe#em³e peerJemebcetnm³e,

³emJee Je³emeesçVem³e ®e efJeÿe efJeMes<esj mLeeveYetlee meJex<eeb efveJeemeYetlee He=efLeJeer veë Òemcem³eb Ye³eced Ssée³e¥

Je®eex ye´ïeJe®e&mJe ®e oOeeleg ooeleg ~

efn.De. ö Henues HetJe&pees ves efpemekesÀ THej efJe®ejCe efkeÀ³ee Lee; efpeme Hej osJeeW ves Demegjes keÀes Hejeefpele efkeÀ³ee

Lee; (pees) iee³ees, Deéees leLee Heef#e³ees keÀer efveJeeme mLeue nw, (Jen) He=efLeJeer nceW meewYeei³e leLee lespe OeejCe

keÀjeJes ~


On whom, in aforetime, the ancestors, battled; on whom the gods attacked the

demons; (who is) the varied station of cows, horses and birds; may this Earth

vouchsafe us fortune and luster.


Notes :- efJe®eef$keÀjs ö Kr. ‘to make’ Atm. Perf. 3rd. plu.; not unaccented because

preceded by ³em³eeced. Dec³eJele&³evedõ DeefYe + Vrt ‘to turn’ caus, impf. 3rd. plu; not

unaccented because preceded by ³em³eeced. efJeÿe ö efJe + stha to stand + keÀ.

meb.Hee. efJeéebYeje JemegOeeveer Òeefle<edbe efnjC³eJe#ee peielees efveJesMeveer ~

Jewéeevejb efyeYe´leer Yetefcejefiveefcevê$eÝ<eYee êefJeCees vees oOeeleg ~~6~~

HeoHeeþëö efJeéecedçYeje ~ JemegçOeeveer ~ ÒeefleçmLee ~ efnjC³eçJe#eeë ~ peieleë ~ efveçJesMeveer ~

Jewéeevejced ~ efyeYe´leer ~ Yetefceë ~ Òeefiveced ~ Fvêç$eÝ<eYee ~ êefJeCes ~ veë ~ oOeeleg ~~6~~

DevJe³e ö efJeéebceje, JemegOeeveer, Òeefleÿe, efnjC³eJe#ee, peeleë efveJesMeveer, Fvoj$eÝ<eYee Yetefceë Jewéeevejced

Deefiveb efyeYe´leer veë êefJeCes oOeeleg ~

Meyoeõ efJeéeYeje = meyekeÀe YejCe-keÀes<eCe keÀjvesJeeueer, yemegOeeveer = Oeve keÀes OeejCe keÀjvesJeeueer,

Òeefleÿe = meyekesÀ Ke[s nesves keÀe mLeeve, efnC³eJe#ee = mJej& keÀer Je#emLeueJeeueer, peeleë = mebmeej keÀes,

efveJesMeveer = Deejece osves Jeeueer, Jewéeevejced = Jewéeevej Deefive keÀe SkeÀ veece nw, efyeYe´leer = OeejCe keÀjleer

ngF& nw, Yetefceë = He=efLeJeer, Deefiveced = Deefive keÀes, Fvê$eÝ<eYee = Fvê Üeje mebjef#ele, êefJeCes = Oeve ceW, veë

= nceW, oOeeleg = Òeefleefÿle keÀjs ~

meb.Yee- ³ee Yetefceë efJeéebYeje ~ efJeéeb meceûe ®eje®ejb efyeYe´Cee Oeejef³e$eer Hees<eef³e$eer ®e YeJeefle ~ `ceelesJe Jee F³eb

ceveg<³eeved efyeYee|le~` ? (cee. Me. 5~3~1~4) Fefle ye´eïeCeceefHe YeJeefle ~ ³ee ®e JemegOeeveer JemetveeceveOee&Ceeb

jlveeveeb efJeOeeveYetlee, Òeefleÿe Òeiee{eOeejYetlee, efJejC³eJe#eeë Je#eefme megJeCee&oerveeb Oe$eea, peielees

ieeflemJeYeeJem³e peerJepeelem³e ®e mJemJeevegketÀues mLeeves, efveJesMeveer DeeJeemeef³e$eer DeeÞe³eYetlee YeJeefle ~ mes³eb

Jewéeevejb efJeéeeved vejeved mJeOecex ve³evleb Òesj³evleced Òeefiveb JesÐeeb efyeYe´leer Oeej³evleer meleer Fvê$eÝ<eYee YeJeefle ~

Fvêë $eÝ<eYees jsleëmesÊkeÀe ³em³eemlee¢Meer YeJeefle ~ `³elHepe&v³eë He=efLeJeeW jslemeeçJeefle` Fefle ÞegeflejefHe YeJeefle ~

Hepe&v³esvesvêÒesefjlesve ³ee HeÀueJeleer YeJeleerefle YeeJeë ~ mee Yetefceë veë Òemceeved êefJeCes oOeeleg ~ Òe®egjb

efnjC³eHeéeeefoOevecemceY³eb ooeleg ~ efJeéebYeje efyeYelexë `meb%ee³eeb Ye=l$eÝJe=efpeOeeefj;` (Hee. 3~2~46) Fefle

Ke®ed, `Òe©efÜ&<eod.` (Hee. 6~3~67) Fefle cegced ~ JemegOeeveer Jemeg Oeer³elesçm³eeced ~ oOeelesjefOekeÀjCes u³egìd,

*erHed ~ peieleë iecesë efkeÌJeHed, efÜlJeb legkedÀ ®e ~ efveJesMeveer efveefJeMelesu³eg&ìd, *erHed ~


efn.De.ö meyekeÀe YejCe Hees<eCes keÀjves Jeeueer, Oeve keÀes OeejCe keÀjves Jeeueer, meyekesÀ Ke[s nesves keÀe mJeCe&Je#ee

mLeue Jeeueer, peieled keÀes Deejece osves Jeeueer, Fvê Üeje jef#ele He=efLeJeer Jewéeevej Deefive keÀes OeejCe keÀjleer ngF&

nceW Oeve ceW Òeefleefÿle keÀjs ~


(Who is) all-bearing. store of riches, firm standing-place, gold-breasted and harbouror

of the moving (world); may this Earth, having Indra as her protector. bearing the

universal Agni, place us in wealth.

Notes — JengYeje ö efJeéeb Yejleerefle mee ³ee efJeéebYeje. Tatpurusa compd, accented on the final

syllable (meceemem³e Pan. VI-1.223) JemegOeeveer — Jemeg + dha ‘to put’ + u³egìd + *erHed,

efnjC³eJe#ee — Bahuvrihi compd. accented on the first member, efveJesMeveer — See efveJeMeveerced

(Rv. I.35.1). efyeYe´leer — bhr. ‘to bear’ + Mele= + *erHe accented on the reduplicated

syallable (DeY³emleeveeceeefoë Pan-VI.1.189). Fvê$eÝ<eYee — Bahuvrihi compd, accented on

the first member.

meb.Hee.- ³eeb j#evl³emJeHvee efJeéeoeleeR osJee Yetefceb He=efLeJeerceÒeceeoced ~

mee vees ceOeg efÒe³eb ogneceLes G#eleg Je®e&mee ~~7~~

He.Hee.ö³eeced ~ j#eefvle ~ DeemJeHveeë ~ efJeéeçoeveerced ~ osJeeë ~ Yetefceced ~ He=efLeJeerced ~

DeÒeçceeoced ~ mee ~ veë ~ ceOeg ~ efÒe³eced ~ ogneced ~ DeeLees Fefle ~ G#eleg ~ Je®e&mee ~~7~~

DevJe³e ö ³ee&b He=efLeJeeR Yetefceced DemJeHveeë osJee efJeÞeoeveerced DeÒeceeob j#eefvle mee (He=efLeJeer) veë efÒe³ebceOeg ogneced

DeLees Je®e&mee G#eleg ~

Meyoe.ö meeced = efpemekeÀer, j#eefvle = j#ee keÀjles nQ, DemJeHveeë = keÀYeer ve meesvesJeeues, efJeéeoeveerced =

meJe&oe, osJeeë = osJe, Yetefceced = Yetefce, keÀes, He=efLeJeerced = ®eew[er, DeÒeceeoced = efJevee efkeÀmeer Òeceeo kesÀ, mee

= Jen, veë = nces, ceOeg = ceOegj, efÒe³eced = efÒe³e, ogneced = ®egDeeJes, DeLees = Deewj, G#eleg = efmeefáele keÀjs,

Je®e&mee = lespe mes ~


meb.Yee.-³eeb He=efLeJeerb ÒeLeceMeerueecegJeea Yetefceced DemJeHveeë veeefmle mJeHvees efveêe les<eeb les efJeieleefveêe osJeeë ~

`peeûeefle osJeee` (cee.Me. 2~1~4~7), `ve Jew osJeeë mJeHeefvle` (cee.Me. 3~2~2~22) Fefle

ye´eïeCeceefHe YeJeefle ~ lee¢Meeë meleleb peeie=Jeebmees osJee ÐeesleveMeerueeë efJeéeoeveeR meJe&oe, DeLeJee

YetceesefJe&Mes<eCeefceoced, efJeéeeefve mecemeleeefve oeveeefve os³eJemletefve ³em³eemleeb Yetefceced ~ j#eefvle meJe&oe meeJeOeevee

DeJeefvle ~ mee Yetefceë veë Demcelke=Àles efÒe³eb ceveesçvegketÀueb efnb ®e ceOeg #eewêb Jee #eerjeefokebÀ ceOegjb Hes³eb, ceOegjb

JeeçVeeefokebÀ ogneced megiOeeced ~ DemceY³eb Òe³e®íeflJelJeLe&ë ~ DeLees DeLe ®e ceOegjenejoevesve menwJe Je®e&mee

ye´ïeJe®e&mee yeuesve Jee G#eleg Demceeled DeefYeef<eáeleg ~ He=efLeJ³ee oÊesve ceOegjsCeeVesve Je³eb Je®ee|mJeveë m³ecesefve~

efJeéeoeveeR efJeéeeled `oeveeW ®e` (Hee. 5~3~18) Fefle oeveerced ~ ogneb ogiOeeced ognsueexefì Dee<e& ªHeced ~

efn.w.ö efpeme efJeMeeue Yetefce keÀer, keÀYeer ve meesvesJeeues osJe meJe&oe Òeceeo jefnle neskeÀj j#ee keÀjles nQ, Jen

(He=efLeJeer)nceW efÒe³e ceOeg ®egDeeJes Deewj lespe mes DeefYeefmeefáele keÀjs ~


The wide and all-giving Earth, whom the gods who never sleep always protect with

ceaseress care, may she pour out for us the lovely mead and sprinkle (ujs) with luster.

Notes — j#eefvle ö raks ‘to protect’ pres. 3rd. sing.; not unaccented because

preceded by ³eeced. efJeéeoeveerced -efJeée + da ‘to give’ + u³egìd + *erHed. Sayana takes it as an

adverb and renders by `meJe&keÀeueced` (Sa. On RV.I. 164.40). Griffith following Sayana

takes it to mean ‘always’. According to MWD. efJeéeoeveerced means ‘all-giving’, ogneced õ

duh ‘to milk’ impv. Atm. 3rd. Sing. See notes on (RV. VI 54.3) G#eleg – uks ‘to

sprinkle’ impv. 3rd. sing.

meb.Hee.- ³eeCe&JesefOe meefueueceûe Deemeerled ³eeb mee³eeefYejvJe®ejvceveeref<eCeë ~

³em³ee Ëo³eb J³eesçcevlmel³esveeJe=lecece=leb He=efLeJ³eeë ~~

mee vees YetefceefmlJeef<eb yeueb jeäs oOeeletÊeces ~~8~~

He.Heeõ ³ee ~ DeCe&Jes ~ DeefOe ~ meefueueced ~ Deûes ~ Deemeerled ~ ³eeced ~ cee³eeefYeë ~ DevegçDe®ejved ~

ceveeref<eCeë ~ ³em³eeë ~ Ëo³eced ~ Hejces ~ efJeçDeesceved ~ mel³esve ~ DeeçJe=leced ~ Dece=leced ~ He=efLeJ³eeë ~ mee ~

veë ~ Yetefceë ~ eflJeef<eced ~ yeueced ~ jeä^s ~ oOeeleg ~ Gledçleces ~~8~~


DevJe³ee ö ³ee (He=efLeJeer) Deûes DeCe&Jes DeefOe meefueueced Deemeerled; ³eeb ceveeref<eCeë cee³eeefYeë DevJe®ejved; ³em³eeë

He=efLeJ³eeë mel³esve DeeJe=leced Dece=leb Ëo³eb Hejces J³eesceved (Deeefmle) mee Yetefceë veë GÊeces jeä^s eflJeef<eb yeue

oOeeleg ~

Meyoe.ö ³ee = pees, DeCe&Jes, DeefOe = THej, meefueueced = peue, Deûes = Henues, Deemeerled = Leer, ³eeced =

efpemekeÀes, mee³eeefYeë = keÀceex Üeje, ³ee = Jegef×mes, DevJe®ejved = DevegmejCe efkeÀ³ee Lee, ceveerefHeCeë =

Jegef×ceevees ves, ³em³eeë = efpemekeÀe, Ëo³eced = Ëo³e, Hejces = meJeex®®e, J³eesceved = DeekeÀeMe ceW, mel³eesve =

mel³eÜeje, DeeJe=leced = ©keÀe ngDee nw, Dece=leced = mece=le, He=efLeJ³eeë = He=efLeJeer keÀe, mee = Jen, veë = nceW,

Yetefceë= He=efLeJeer, eflJeef<eced = lespe, yeueced = MeefkeÌle, jeäs = jeä^ ceW, oOeeleg = OeejCe keÀjeJes, GÊeces =

meJe&Þesÿ ~

meb.Yee.ö ³ee He=efLeJeer Deûes me=äd³eejcYeelHetJe&ced DeCe&Jes DeefOe GoefOeceO³es meefueueb peueªHee peueceivee

Jeeçmeerled ~ `DeefÓë He=efLeJeeR DevJeeYeJeled ~` (keÀeþ. meb. 43~4), DeeHees Jee Foceemeved meefueuecesJe, me

ÒepeeHeefleJe&jenes YetlJeesHev³eceppeled, lem³e ³eeJevcegKeceemeerled leeJeleea ce=ocegonjled, mes³eb (He=efLeJeer) DeYeJeled ~

(keÀeþ. meb. 8~2) Fefle ÞegeflejefHe YeJeefle ~ ³eeb He=efLeJeeR ceveeref<eCees ceveme Fe|<eleejë Òee%ee~ ye´ïejepev³eeo³ees

cee³eeefYeë efJeefJeOewyege|×ÒekeÀ<exë efJeefJeOeeefYeefve&ceefCeef$keÀ³eeefYeë ke=Àef<ekeÀcee&efoefYeë DevJe®ejved efJevelee YetlJee

leecemesJevle ~ ³em³eeë Dem³ee Ëo³eb peerJeYetleb mel³esve $eÝlesve DeeJe=leb meJe&le Dee®íeefoleb megjef#eleced, Dele SJe

Dece=leb cejCeOece&jefnleb Hejces J³eesceved meJe&Þesÿs J³eesefcve efoefJe efmLeleced F&éejs mecee|Heleced ~ mee S<ee cetefceë veë

DemceY³eced GÊeces meJeee|leMeeef³eefve Þesÿs, jeä^s osMes meJe&$e peves<eg; eflJeef<eb HeeJeveb lespeë meeceL³e¥ Jee, yeueb ®e

Me$egOe<e&CeHe³ee&Hleb oOeeleg ³e®íleg ~ DeCe&Jes DeCeee|me peueeefve mevl³e$e ~ `DeCe&mees ueesHe½e` (Jee.

Hee.5~2~109) Fefle Jeë meueesHe½e ~ cee³eeefYeë cee*d ceeves pegnesl³eeosë `ceeíemeefmeY³ees ³eë ~`

(G.4~109) Fefle ³eë, ìeHed ®e ~ cee³ee yegef×ë `cee³ee m³ee®íecyejerye×³eesë Fefle cesefleveer. 116~46 ~

efn.De.ö pees Henues mecegê ceW peue kesÀ ªHe ceW Leer; efpemekeÀe yegef×ceevees ves DeHeveer Jegef× mes DevegmejCe efkeÀ³ee;

efpeme He=efLeJeer keÀe mel³e mes {keÀe ngDee keÀYeer ve cejves Jeeuee Ëo³e meJeex®®e DeekeÀeMe ceW nw; Jen He=efFJeer nceejs

meJe&Þesÿ jeä^ ceW lespe Deewj MeefkeÌle OeejCe keÀjeJes ~


Who at first was water in the ocean; whom the wise ones followed with their powers;

the Earth whose immortal heart, encompassed with Truth, is in the highest heaven;

May she, the Earth, bestow upon our great nation the luster and the power.


Notes – Deemeerled öas ‘to be’. Impf. 3rd. sing.; not unccented because preceded by ³ee.

DevJe®ejved ö Deveg + car ‘to move’ imf. 3rd. plu.; not unaccented because preceded by

³eeced. J³eesçceved – Loc. sing. termination has been dropped (megHeeb meguegkedÀ. -Pan. VII. 1.39).

In the Atharvaveda Sahimta #ewÒemJeefjle if not followed by Udatta, is marked with the

sign. (S)

meb.Hee. ö ³em³eeceeHeë Heefj®ejeë meceeveerjnesje$es DeÒeceeob #ejefvle ~

mee vees YetefceYet& efjOeeje He³ees ogneceLees G#eleg Je®e&mee ~~9~~

He.Hee.ö ³em³eeced ~ DeeHeë ~ Heefjç®ejeë ~ meceeveerë ~ Denesje$es Fefle ~ DeÒeçceeoced ~ #ejefvle ~

mee ~ veë ~ Yetefceë ~ YetefjçOeeje ~ He³eë ~ ogneced ~ DeLees Fefle ~ G#eleg ~ Je®e&mee ~

DevJe³e ö ³em³eeb (He=efLeJ³eeb) Heefj®ejeë meceeveerë DeeHeë Denesje$es DeÒeceeob #ejefvle; mee-YetefjOeeje Yetefceë veë

He³egë ogneced; De³ees Je®e&mee G#eleg ~

Meyeoe. ö ³em³eeced =efpemeceW, DeeHeë = peue, Heej®ejeë = ®eeje lejHeÀ efJe®ejCe keÀjves Jeeues, meceeveer =

meJe&YeewefcekeÀ, Denesje$es = efove-jele, DeÒeceeoced = Òeceeojefnle neskeÀj, #ejefvle = yenles nQ, mee = Jen,

veë = nceejs efue³es, Yetefceë = He=efLeJeer, YetefjOeeje = DeveskeÀ Oeeje Jeeueer, He³eë = otOe, ogneced = ®egDeeJes,

DeLees Deewj, G#eleg = DeefYeefmeefáele keÀjs, Je®e&mee = lespe mes ~

meb.Yee.- mel³eeb Yetc³eeced DeeHees veoerefveYke&ÀjeefoÒeJeenªHeeë Heefj®ejeë Heefjleë He=efLeJ³eeb ®ejvl³eë ÒeJenvl³eë

mel³eë, ®eleme=<eg efo#eg meceeveerë meceeveªHesCe Jele&ceeveeë, #ejefvle meleleb Jenefvle ~ `mecegêes nerceeceefYeleë

efHevJeles (cee.Me. 7~4~1~9) Fefle ye´eïeCeceefHe ~ ³em³eeb ®e Denesje$es Den½e jeef$e½e DeÒeceeob

ÒeceeoesçveJeOeevelee ³eLee ve m³eeÊeLee, efve³ecesve ³eLeemece³eb #ejefvle Jenefvle He³ee&Jelesvles ~ mee leeo=Meer cetefjOeeje

DeveskeÀeefYeë veoerefveYke&ÀjªHeeefYeOee&jeefYe³egkeÌlee Yetefceë veë Demcec³eb He³ees peueb ke=Àef<eefnleb, He³ees Jee ogvIeb

#eerefjCeerveeb ieJeeb ÜejsCe ogneb ogiOeeb ooeeflJel³eLe&ë ~ DeLees DeLe ®e Hegve½eemceeled Je®e&mee ye´ïeJe®e&mee G#eleg

DeefYeef<eáeleg ~ Deespeesçmceemeg oOeeeflJeefle ~


efn.De.ö efpeme (He=efLeJeer) Hej ®eejeW lejHeÀ efJe®ejCe keÀjves Jeeues meeJe&YeewefcekeÀ peue efove-jele Òeceeo jefnle

neskeÀj ÒeJeeefnle nesles nQ; Jen DeveskeÀ OeejeDeeW Jeeueer He=efLeJeer nceejs efue³es otOe ®egDeeJes Deewj lespe mes De-

DeefYeefmeefáele keÀjs ~


In whom the all-moving universal waters day and night unceasingly flow; May she,

the Earth of many streams, pour out for us the milk and sprinkle (us) with luster.

Notes - - #ejefvle ö ksar ‘to flow’, pres. 3rd. plu.; not unaccented because preceded by

³em³eeced Denesje$es – Dvandva compd, accented on the final syllable. Final Syllable is

progrhya; hence, Fefle in the pada-text. YetefjOeeje –Bahuvrihi compd. Accented on the

first member ogneced – See AV. XII 1.7 G#eleg –See AV. XII. 1.7 DeLees – (DeLe + G) a Final

Dees is pragrhya.

meb.Hee. - ³eeceeféeveeJeefceceeleeb efJe<Ceg³e&m³eeb efJe®e¬eÀces ~

Fvêes ³eeb ®e¬eÀ Deelcevesveefce$eeb Me®eerHeefleë ~

mee vees YetefceefJe& me=peleeb ceelee Heg$ee³e ces He³eë ~~10~~

He.Hee. - ³eeced ~ Deeféeveew ~ Deefceceeleeced ~ efJe<Cegë ~ ³em³eeced ~ efJeç®e¬eÀces ~ Fvêë ~ ³eeced ~

®e¬eÀ ~ Deelceves ~ Deveefce$eeced ~ Me®eerçHeefleë ~ mee ~ veë ~ Yetefceë ~ efJe ~ me=peleeced ~ ceelee ~

Heg$ee³e ~ ceW ~ He³eë ~~10~~

DevJe³e ö ³eeb (He=efLeJeerced) Deeféeveew Deefceceeleeb, ³em³eeb efJe<Cegë efJe®e¬eÀces, ³eeb Me®eerHeefleë Fvêë Deelceves

Deveefce$eeb ®e¬esÀ, mee Yetefceë veë He³eë efJeme=peleeced, ceelee Heg$ee³e ces (He³eë efJeme=peleeced) ~

Meyoe.ö ³eeced = efpemekeÀes, Deeféeveew = oesvees DeeféeveerkegÀceejeW ves, Deefceceeleeced = veeHee Lee, efJe<Ceg = efJe<Ceg

ves, ³em³eeced = efpeme Hej, efJe®e¬eÀces = keÀoce jKee Lee, Fvêë = Fvê ves, ³eeced = efpemekeÀes, ®e¬esÀ = efkeÀ³ee

Lee, Deelceves = DeHeves efue³es, Deveefce$eeced = Me$egjefnle, Me®eerHeefleë = MeefkeÌle kesÀ mJeeceer, mee = Jen, veë =

nceejs efue³es, Yetefceë = He=efLeJeer, efJeme=peleeced = ÒeJeeefnle keÀjs, ceelee = ceelee, Heg$ee³e = Heg$e kesÀ efue³es, ces =

cesjs efue³es, He³eë = otOe ~


meb.Yee.ö ³eeb Yetefceced Deeféeleew Denesje$es ³eLeekeÌ$eceb He³ee&Jele&ceeves Deefceceelejb Heefjefceleeced F³eÊe³ee efceleeb

kegÀ©leë ~ `Deeféeveew ³eod J³eMvegJeeles meJeb jmesveev³ees p³eesefle<eev³eë.......~ Denesje$eeefJel³eskesÀ ....... (efve©.

12~1~1) Fefle efve©keÌleced ~ `Denp³exefle<ee J³eMvegles jeef$ejJeM³ee³ewefjefle ogie&ë ~ cegK³eew (Denesje$es (cew.)

Jeeeféeveew (³e%em³e) ~ (cew.meb. 3~4~4) (cee.Mee. 4~1~5~11) Fefle ÞegeflejefHe ~ ³em³eeb ®e He=efLeJ³eeb

efJe<CegefJe®e¬eÀces ~ Jesefä peieefoefle efJe<Cegë met³e&ë, Go³eemlece³eeefo¬eÀcesCe efJe®e¬eÀces efJeMes<esCe ¬eÀcelesçveJejleb

Je³ee&Jele&les ~ ³eÜe efJe<Cevee&je³eCees JeeceveªHesCe yeefueb JemegOeeb ³ee®eceevees ³em³eeb ÒeLecesvewJe Heosve efJe®e¬eÀces

¬eÀec³eved peieeced ~ `efJe<Cegb Jew osJee Deeve³eved Jeeceveb ke=ÀlJee, ³eeJeo³eb ef$eefJe&¬eÀceles leomceekeÀefceefle ~ me Jee

FocesJeeûes J³e¬eÀceleeçLesoceLeeoë æ(He=efLeJeercevleefj#eb efoJeced) ~ (cew.meb. 3~8~3) Fefle ÞegeflejefHe YeJeefle ~1

³eeb Yetefceced Fvêë Me¬eÀë Me®eerHeefleë Me®³ee Jee®eë keÀce&Ceë Òe%ee³ee Jee Heefleë, ³eÜe Me®³eeë Heewueesc³eeë

Heefleefjvêë, Deelceves mJeefnlee³e, He=efLeJeerJeeefmevees ceeveJee ³e%esve ceeb YeeJe³evleg Fefle yeg×³ee, Deveefce$eeced

Deefce$ejefnleeb efveëmeHelveeb ®e¬esÀ mee F&¢Meer veë DemceekebÀ ceelee peveveer Hees<eef³e$eer ®e Yetefceë Heg$ee³e DeHel³eYetlee³e

ceW ce¿eb ceef×lee³e He³ees peuecemceekebÀ ke=ÀHesë peerJeveb He³eesçVejmeeefoiees#eerjeefo ®e efJeme=peleeb efJees<esCeeslHeeo³eleg ~

³eLee ceelee Heg$ee³e He³eë mlev³eb efJeme=peefle Hees<eCee³e leLewJes³e ceW ceelee Yetefceë meJee&ved jmeeved efJeme=peleg ~ Deeféeveew

ÒeMemlee Deéeeë mevl³eve³eesë `Dele Fefveþveew` (Hee.5~2~115) ~

efn.De.ö efpemekeÀes Deeféeveer kegÀceejeW ves veeHee Lee, efpeme Hej efJe<Ceg ves keÀoce jKee Lee, MeefkeÌle kesÀ mJeeceer Fvê

ves DeHeves efue³es efpemekeÀes Me$egjefnle yevee³ee Lee, Jen He=efLeJeer nceejs efue³es, ceelee cegPe Heg$e kesÀ efue³es otOe

ÒeJeeefnle keÀjs ~


Whom the Asvins measured out; upon whom visnu strode; whom Indra the lord of

power, made it foelless for himself; May she the Earth pour out her milk for us, for

me her son.

Notes – Deefceceeleecedöma ‘to meausre’ impf. 3rd. dual; not unaccented because preceded

by³eeced. efJe®e¬eÀcesefJe + kram ‘to stride’, Atm. Perf. 3rd. sing; not unaccented because

preceded by ³em³eeced. ®e¬esÀ – Kr ‘to make’ Atm. Perf. 33rd. sing. Deveefce$eeced – Bahuvrihi

compd. Accented on the second. Member. Me®e erHeefleë– It is a word of double accent

(Gces JevemHel³eeefo<eg ³egieHeled- Pan VI.2.140). me=peleeced ~Sr ‘to emit’impv. 3rd sing.


meb.Hee. - efiej³emles HeJe&lee efnceJevleesçjC³eb les He=efLeefJe m³eesvecemleg ~

yeYe´g ke=À<Ceeb jesefnCeeR efJeMeJeªHeeb Oe´gJeeb Yetefceb He=efLeJeerefcevêiegHleeced ~

Depeerleesnlees De#eleesO³eÿeb He=efLeJeercenced ~~11~~

He.Hee.- efiej³eë ~ les ~ HeJe&leeë ~ efnceçJevleë ~ DejC³eced ~ les ~ He=efLeefJe ~ m³eesveced ~ Demleg ~

yeYe´gced ~ ke=À<Ceeced ~ jesefnCeerced ~ efJeéeçªHeeced ~ Oe´gJeeced ~ Yetefceced ~ He=efLeJeerced ~ FvêçiegHleeced ~

Depeerleë ~ Denleë ~ De#eleë ~ DeefOe ~ DemLeeced ~ He=efLeJeerced ~ Denced ~~11~~

DevJe³e - (ns) He=efLeJeer, les efiej³eë efnceJevleë HeJe&leeë, les DejC³eb (veë) m³eesveced Demleg ~ Depeerleë Denleë

De#eleë Denb yeYe´gb ke=À<Ceeb jesefnCeer efJeéeªHeeb Oe´gJeeced FvêiegHleeb He=efLeJeeR Yetefceced DeefOe DemLeeced ~

Meyoe.ö efiej³eë = Heneef[³eeb, les = legcnejer, HeJe&leeë = HeJe&le, efnceJevleë = efnce³egkeÌle, DejC³eced =

pebieue, les = legcnejs, He=efLeJeer = ns He=efLeJeer, m³eesveced = megKekeÀj, Demleg = nesJes, yeve´gced = Yetjs JeCe&keÀer,

ke=À<Ceced = ke=À<CeJeCe& ¬eÀer, jesefnCeerced = ueue JeCe& keÀer, efJeéeªHeeced = DeveskeÀ ªHees Jeeueer, Oe´gJeced =

Deìue, Yetefceced = He=efLeJeer, He=efLeJeerced = ®eew[er, FvêiegHleeced = Fvê Üeje DeefYeef#ele, Depeerleë = efkeÀmeer kesÀ

Üeje ve peerlee peevesJeeuee, Denleë = efkeÀmeer kesÀ Üeje ve ceeje peevesJeeuee, DeefOe DemLeeced = efmLele ngDee nw,

He=efLeJeerced = He=efLeJeer kesÀ THej, Denced = ceQ ~ De#eleë = efkeÀmeer kesÀ Üeje #ele ve nesvesJeeuee ~

meb.Yee.ö He=efLeefJe ns ÒeLeveMeerues GefJe&, les leJe efiej³ees Deê³eë meewueÒeosMeeë, efnceJevleë G®®eeJe®es<eg Þe=*dies<eg

efnceb leg<eejb Oeej³evleë, HeJe&leeë HeJe&Jevleë MeefKeefjCeë, les lJeoer³ecedDejC³eb ceneJeveb, ®e meJe&cesleomcelke=Àles

m³eesveb megKekeÀjb ceveesçvegketÀueced Demleg YeJeleg ~ yeYe´g efHe²ueJeCee¥, ke=À<Ceeb M³eeceJeCee¥ keÀ<e&Ce³eesi³eeb, jesefnCeerced

DeejkeÌleJeCee¥ Oeev³eJevemHel³eeefojesnCeevegketÀueeb, efJeéeªHeeced DeekeÀej-JeCee&efoefYejveskeÀªHeeb, Oe´gJeeb

efmLejece®eueeced FvêiegHleeced FjeceVecegefÎM³e o=Ceeveve cesIeb efJeoej³elesvêsCeiegHleeb He³ee&HeleJe<e&Cesve jef#eleeb Yetefceb

YeJeveMeerueeb, He=efLeJeeR ÒeLeveMeerueeefceceeb He=efLeJeeR ef#eeflecenb mleeslee, Depeerlees ve kesÀveeefHe HejeYetleë, Denlees ve

Mem$eem$eeefovee Òenleë, De#eleë Mem$eeefopeefvelesve Je´Cesve jefnle½e meved DeO³eÿeced DeefOeefleÿs³eb Jemes³eced ~

mJeeceer YeJes³eced ~ HeJe&leeë `leHed HeJe&ce©YÐeeced` (Jee.Hee. 5~2~122) Fefle leHed ~ DeO³eÿeced

DeefOeefleÿlesueg&*d ~

efn.De.ö ns He=efLeJeer, legcnejer Heneef[³eeB, efnce³egkeÌle HeJe&le leLee legcnejs pebieue (nceejs efue³es) megKekeÀj

nesJeW ~ efkeÀmeer kesÀ Üeje ve peerlee peeves Jeeuee, efkeÀmeer kesÀ Üeje ve ceeje peeves Jeeuee leLee efkeÀmeer kesÀ Üeje #ele


ve nesves Jeeuee ceQ He=efLeJeer Hej Yetjer, keÀeueer, ueeue, DeveskeÀ ªHeJeeueer, ®eew[er leLee Fvê Üeje DeefYejef#ele

He=efLeJeer Hej mLele ngDee nt@b ~


O Earth, thy hills, (thy) snowy mountains and thy forest be auspicious. I,

unconquered, unslained and unwounded. Have set foot upon earth brown, black,

ruddy, all-coloured. Firm and protected by Indra.

Notes – efnceJevleëöNom. Plu. of efnceJeled from efnce + celegHed. efJeéeªHeeced - In Bahuvrihi the

word efJeée, though originally accented on the first syllable. Shifts its accent to the

final syllable (yengJe´ernew efJeée meb%ee³eeced ö Paan. VI.2.106). FvêiegHleeced – Bahuvrihi compd.

Accented on the first member. DemLeeced –stha ‘to stand’ root-aorist. 1st. sing.

meb.Hee.- ³eÊes ceO³eb He=efLeefJe ³e®®e veY³eb ³eemle Tpe&mlevJeçë mebyeYetJegë~

leemeg vees Oes¿eefYe veë HeJemJe ceelee Yetefceë Heg$ees Denb He=efLeJ³eeë ~

Hepe&v³eë efHelee me G veë efHeHeleg& ~~12~~

He.Hee. - ³eled ~ les ~ ceO³eced ~ He=efLeefJe ~ ³eled ~ ®e ~ veY³eced ~ ³eeë ~ les ~ Tpe&ë ~ levJeçë ~

mecedçyeYetJegë ~ leemeg ~ veë ~ Oesefn ~ DeefYe ~ veë ~ HeJemJe ~ ceelee ~ Yetefceë ~ Heg$eë ~ Denced ~ He=efLeJ³eeë ~

Hepe&v³eë ~ efHelee ~ meë ~ Tb Fefle ~ veë ~ efHeHeleg& ~~12~~

DevJe³e ö (ns) He=efLeefJe, ³eled les ceO³eb ³eled ®e vec³eb ³eeë Tpe&ë les levJeë meb$eYetJegë leemeg veë Oeesefn, DeefYe veë

HeJemJe, Yetefceë ceelee Denb He=efLeJ³eeë Heg$eë (Deefmce), Hepe&v³eë veë efHelee (Deefmle) me T veë efHeHeleg& ~

Meyoe.ö ³eled = pees, les = legcneje, ceO³eced = ceO³e Yeeie, He=efLeefJe = ns He=efLeefJe, ³eled = pees, ®e = Deewj,

veY³eced = veeefceYeeie, ³eeë = pees, les = legcnejs, Tpe&ë = MeefkeÌle³eeb, levJeë = Mejerj mes, mebyeYetJegë =

GlHeVe ngF& nw, leemeg = Gveces, veë = nceW, Oesefn = Òeefleefÿle keÀjes, DeefYe = Deesj, veë = nceejer, HeJemJe =

ÒeJeeefnle keÀjes, ceelee = ceelee, Yetefceë = He=efLeJeer, Heg$eë = Heg$e, Denced = ceQ, He=efLeJ³eeë = He=efLeJeer keÀe,

Hepe&v³eë = Hepe&v³ecesIe keÀe owJeerke=Àle SJeb ceeveJeerke=Àle ªHe, efHelee = efHelee, meë = Jen, G = ner, veë = nceW,

efHeHeleg& = Heej keÀjs ~


meb.Yee.ö ns He=efLeefJe ! ³eled les leJe ceO³eb Yetefceueuem³e ceO³ees Yeeieë ke=À<³evegketÀueë ~ ³eÜe ceO³eb

ieYeerjcevlejeueb, ³eleë ketÀHes<eg peueb m³evoefle ~ ³e®®e ³eoefHe leJe veY³eb veeefYeÒeosMemleÜogJe&jes YetYeeieë ~ ³eÜe

veY³eb veeYemKev³eeefo-ieYeerjeled ÒeosMeppeeleb efnjC³ejlveeefo ~ ³eeë ®e les leJe Tpe&ë Tpe&mJel³eë, yeueÒeoe

Dees<eOeer³eiegCee Oeev³eHeÀueeoerveeb jmeemleJeb levJeë Mejerjeled mecyeYetJegë Depee³evle pee³evles ®e leemeg leJe levet<eg

DeVejmeeefo<eg veë Demceeved Oesefn lJeb efveOelmJe mLeeHe³e ~ Òe®egjceVejmeeefokeÀcemceY³eb osnerl³eLe&ë ~ veë

DemceeveefYe meJe&leë HeJemJe HeeJe³e Heeue³e ®e ~ F³eb Yetefceë ceW ceelee peveveer mebJeOe&ef³e$eer ®e ~ Denb mleeslee

®eem³eeë He=efLeJ³eeë Heg$eë mevleeveë ~ Hepe&v³ees Je=äd³eefYeceeveer osJees ces efHelee HeeuekeÀë ~ meë Hepe&v³e G me SJe veë

Demceeved efHeHeleg& Hetj³eleg Heeue³eleg Jee ~ Je=äd³ee Oeev³eeefoefve<Heeovesveemceeved Heg<Ceeleg ~

efn.De.ö ns He=efLeJeer, pees legcneje ceO³e Yeeie nw Deewj pees veeefce Yeeie nw pees MeefkeÌle³eeb legcnejs Mejerj mes

GlHeVe ngF& nw, nceW Òeefleefÿle keÀjes; (GvnW) nceejer Deesj ÒeJeeefnle keÀjes ~ He=efLeJeer ceelee nw, ceQ He=efLeJeer keÀe Heg$e

ntB; Jener nceW Heej keÀjs ~


O Earth, set us amid those which is thy cen. Tre, and which is thy navel, which are

thy forces produced by thy body. Make them flow towards us. Earth is mother and I

am the son of Earth; Parjanya is father; May he take us across (i rom the miseries).

Notes – mebJeYetJegë öSee Av. XII. 1.3. Oesefn – dha ‘to put’ impv 2nd. Sing. HeJeKe –Pu to

cleanse, Atm. Impy. 2nd sing. efHeHeleg& – pr ‘to pass’, impv . 3rd. sing.

me.Hee. - ³em³eeb Jesefob Heefjie=Úefvle Yetc³eeb ³em³eeb ³e%eb levJeles efJeéekeÀcee&Ceë ~

³em³eeb ceer³evles mJejJeë He=efLeJ³eecetOJee&ë Meg¬eÀe Deengl³eeë Hegjmleeled ~

mee vees YetefceJe&Oe&³eod JeOe&ceevee ~~13~~

He.Hee. - ³em³eeced ~ Jesefoced ~ Heefjçie=Úefvle ~ Yetc³eeced ~ ³em³eeced ~ ³e%eced ~ levJeles ~ efJeéeçkeÀcee&Ceë ~

³em³eeced ~ ceer³evles ~ mJejJeë ~ He=efLeJ³eeced ~ TOJee&ë ~ Meg¬eÀeë ~ Deçngl³eeë ~ Hegjmleeled ~ mee ~ veë ~

Yetefceë ~ JeOe&³eled ~ JeOe&ceevee ~~13~~

DevJe³e ö ³em³eeb Yetc³eeb Jesefob Heefjie=Úefvle efJeéekeÀcee&Ceë ³em³eeb ³e%eb levJeles, mem³ee He=efLeJ³eeb TOJee&ë ieg¬eÀeë

mJejJeë Deengl³eeë Hegjmleeled ceer³evles, mee Yetefceë JeOe&ceevee veë JeOe&³eled ~


Meyoe.ö ³em³eeced = efpemeHej, ³esefoced = Jesoer keÀe, Heefjie=¿eefvle = Heefjûen keÀjles nQ, Yetc³eeced = He=efLeJeer

Hej, ³em³eeced = efpeme Hej, ³e%eeced = ³e%e levJeles = mecHeVe keÀjbles nQ, efJeéekeÀcee&Ceë = osJelee, ³em³eeced =

efpeme Hej, ceer³evles = iee[s peeles nQ, mJejJeë = ³e%eer³e ³etHe, He=efLeJ³eeced = He=efLeJeer Hej, TOJee&ë = TB®es,

Meg¬eÀeë = ÒekeÀeMeceeve, Deengl³eeë = Deengefle kesÀ, Hegjmleeledve = meeceves, mee = Jen, Yetefceë = He=efLeJeer, veë=

nceW, JeOe&³eled = ÒeJe=× keÀjs, JeOe&ceevee = ÒeJe=×e nesleer ngF& ~

meb.Yee.ö efJeéekeÀcee&Cees ³epeceeveeë `JewéekeÀce&Cees ie=¿eles efJeéeev³esJe lesve keÀcee&efCe ³epeceevee DeJe©vOevles ~

(lew.meb. 7~5~4~1) Fefle ÞegefleJe®eveeled ~ les ³epeceevee ³em³eeb Yetc³eeb Jesefob Heefjie=¿eefvle Jesefoefvecee&Cee³e Yetefce

Heefjceer³e ie=¿eefvle ~ ³em³eeb ®e Yetc³eeb ³epeceeveeë ³e%eb levJeles ³e%ekeÀce& efJemleej³eefvle ~ ³em³eeb ®eeefHe Yetc³eeb

³e%eYetceew Deengl³eeë Hegjmleeod ³e%ekeÀce&efCe nesceefve<Heeoveeled HetJe¥ ³e%eMeeuee³eeë HegjesYeeies Meg¬eÀeë OeJeueJeCee&ë

Hegjmleeod ³e%ekeÀce&efCe nesceefve<Heeoveeled HetJe& ³e%eMeeuee³eeëHegjesYeeies Meg¬eÀeë OeJeueJeCee&ë mJejJees ³etHee TOJee&ë

TOJe&cegKee ceer³evles efvenv³evles, efveKev³evles Fl³eLe&ë ~ mee F³eb ³e%eeslLesveeHetJeexCe mJe³eb JeOe&ceevee mece=×e YeJevleer

Yetefceë veë DemceeveefHe JeOe&³eled mece=×eved HegC³eMeeefuevees OeveefJeYeJe³egkeÌleeved keÀjesleg ~

efn.De.ö efpeme He=efLeJeer Hej osJelee Jesoer keÀe Heefjûen keÀjles leLee efpeme Hej ³e%e mecHeVe keÀjles nQ, efpeme

He=efLeJeer Hej TB®es, SJeb ÒekeÀeMeceeve ³e%eer³e ³etHe Deengefle mes Henues iee[s peeles nw Jen HebefLeJeer ÒeJe=× nesleer ngF&

nceW ÒeJe=× keÀjs ~


Earth on whom (the gods) enclose the altar; on whom (they) perform the sacrifice;

Earth on whom the lofty and shining sacrificial stakes are fixed be fore the offering;

may that Earth prospering make us prospar.

Notes - Heefjie=¿eefvle ö Heefj + grah ‘lto seize’ pres. 3rd. plu; not unaccented because

preceded by ³em³eeced. levJeles – tan ‘to stretch’ Atm. Pres. 3rd. plu; not unaccented

because preceded by ³em³eeced. efJeéekeÀcee&Ceë – It is an epithet generally attributed to gods.

Griffith explains it by ‘all-performers’ Bahuvrihi compd. Accented on the first

member. See efJeéeªHeeced – (AV.XII.I.II). ceer³evles –ma ‘to meausre’ pass. Atm. pres. 3rd.

plu; not unaccented because preceded by ³em³eeced. JeOe&³eled –vrdh ‘to grow’ caus.

Unangmented impf. (but impv. In sense) 3rd. sing. JeOe&ceevee –vrdh ‘to grow’ fem. nom.

sing.


meb.Hee.- ³ees vees Üs<eled He=efLeefJe ³eë He=lev³eeod ³eesçefYeoemeevcevemee ³ees JeOesve ~

leb vees Yetces jvO³e HetJe&ke=ÀlJeefj ~~14~~

He.Hee.ö ³e! ~ veë ~ Üs<eled ~ He=efLeefJe ~ ³eë~ He=lev³eeled ~ ³eë ~ Deefceçoemeeled ~ cevemee ~ ³eë ~

JeOesve ~ leced ~ veë ~ Yetces ~ jvO³e ~ HetJe&çke=ÀlJeefj ~~14~~

DevJe³e ö (ns) He=efLeefJe ³e~ ve~ Üs<eled ³e~ He=lev³eeled ³e~ cevemee ³e~ JeOesve DeefYeoemeeled (ns) Yetces (ns)

HetJe&ke=ÀlJeefj, leb veë jvOe³e ~

Meyoeö ³eë = pees, veë = ncemes, Üs<eled = Üs<e keÀjs, He=efLeefJe = ns He=efLeJeer, ³egë = pees, He=lev³eeled = Me$eglee

keÀe Dee®ejCe keÀjs, ³eë = pees, DeefYeoemeeled = oeyeeJes, cevemee = ceve mes, ³eë = pees, JeOesve = Mem$e mes, lece

= GmekeÀes, veë = nceejs efue³es, Yetces = ns He=efLeJeer, jvOe³e = veä keÀjes, HetJe&ke=ÀlJeefj = ns HetJe& ke=Àl³ees Jeeueer ~

meb.Yee. ö He=efLeefJe ns JemegvOejs ! ³ees ³eë keÀefM®eled, veë Demceeved Üs<eled Üsefä ~ ³ees Jee keÀef½eled He=lev³eeled

He=lev³eefle, He=leve³eeçmceeveefYeYeefJeleg®íefle, ³eë keÀef½eod Demceeved DeefYeoemeeod DeefYeoeMveesefle efnbmeefle leLee

mevemee efJe®eejcee$esCeeefHe ³eë JeOesve Mem$esCe efnbefmelegefce®íefle ~ leb lee¢MecemceekebÀ Üsäejb ns HetJe&ke=ÀlJeefj ! HetJe¥

keÀjesefle Me$eesefve&©lmeenoewye&u³eb peve³eefle lee¢Meer lJeb ns Yetces ! veë DemceekebÀ Me$egYetleb leb jvO³e veeMe³e ~

DeefYeoemeeled DeefYeHetJee&od oeme efn&mee³eeb megveesl³eeosMíevomees efJekeÀjCeJ³el³e³eë ~ HetJe&ke=ÀlJeefj

`Meer*dkegÀefMe©efn.` (G. 4~114) Fefle keÀjeslesë keÌJeefleHed, `Jevees j ®e` (Hee. 4~1~7) Fefle *eryed

jeosMe½e ~ lelmecyeesOeveced ~

efn.De.ö ns He=efLeJeer, pees ncemes Üs<e keÀjs, pees (ncemes) ³eg× keÀjs, pees ceve mes leLee pees Mem$e mes (nceW)

oyeeJes ns He=efLeJeer, ns HetJe&ke=Àl³eeW Jeeueer, GmekeÀes legce nceejs efue³es veä keÀjes ~


Earth, whoever, hates us, whoever wants to fight and subdue us with mind and

whoever with weapon, O Earth, having much as her works of aforetime, destroy him

for us.

Notes –Üs<eledödvis ‘to hate pres, subju, 3rd. sing. He=lev³eeod –From denom root prtanya,

pres, subju. 3rd. sing. DeefYeoemeeledö DeefYe + dabh ‘to harm’ pres, subju. 3rd. sing. These


three verbs are not unaccented because they are preceded by ³eë. jvOe³e – radh ‘to

make subject’ impv. Caus. 2nd. Sing. HetJe&ke=ÀlJeeefj – voc. Sing. of HetJe&ke=ÀlJejer from HetJe& +

kr + efkeÌJeHed + JeefveHed + *erHed. Before *erHed Jeved has changed into j (Jevees j ®e - Pan IV. 1.7),

Voc. Not coming in the beginning of a pada is unaccented (Deeceefv$elemJe ®e -Pan VIII

1.19)

meb.Hee. - lJeppeeleemlJeef³e ®ejefvle cel³ee&mlJeb efJeYee|<e efÜHeomlJeb ®eleg<Heoë ~

leJessces He=efLeefJe Heáe ceeveJee ³esc³ees p³eeseflejce=leb cel³exY³e

GÐevlmet³eex jefMceefYejeleveesefle ~~15~~

He.Hee.ö lJeled ~ peeleeë ~ lJeef³e ~ ®ejefvle ~ cel³ee&ë ~ lJeced ~ efyeYeef<e& ~ efÜçHeoë ~ lJeced ~

®elegëçHeoë ~ leJe ~ Fces ~ He=efLeefJe ~ Heáe ~ ceeveJeeë ~ ³esY³eë ~ p³eesefleë ~ Dece=leced ~ cel³exc³eë ~

Gledç³eled ~ met³e&ë ~ jefMceçefYeë ~ Deeçleveesefle ~~~15~~

DevJe³e ö (ns He=efLeefJe,) lJeled peeleeë cel³ee&ë lJeef³e ®ejefvle; lJeb efÜHeoë yesYeef<e&, lJeb ®eleg<Heoë (efyeYeef<eb)

(ns) He=efLeefJe, Fces HeáeceeveJeeë leJe; ³esc³eë jl³exY³eë GÐeved met³e&ë jefMceefYeë Dece=leb p³eesefleë Dee leveesefle ~

Meyoe.ö lJeled = legcemes, peeleeë = GlHeVe, lJeefì = legceceW, ®ejefvle = efJe®ejCe keÀjles nQ, cel³ee&ë = ceveg<³e,

lJeced = legce, efJeYeef<e& = OeejCe keÀjleer ns, efÜHeoë = oes HewjJeeueeW keÀes, lJeced = legce, ®eleg<Heoë = ®eej

HewjJeeueeW keÀer, leJe = legcneje, Fces = ³es, He=efLeefJe = ns He=efLeJeer, HeáeceeveJeeë = meYeer ÒeeCeer, ³esY³eë = efpevekesÀ

efue³es, p³eesefleë = ÒekeÀeMe, Dece=leced = keÀYeer veä ve nesvesJeeueer, cel³exY³eë = cel³e& ÒeeefCe³eeW kesÀ efue³es, GÐeved

= Gefole neslee ngDee, met³e&ë = met³e&, jefMceefYeë = efkeÀjCeeW mes, Deeleveesefle = HewÀueelee nw ~

meb.Yee.ö cel³ee&ë, cejCeOecee&Ce Fces ³es peveeë, lJepedpeelee~ leJe mekeÀeMeeppeelee GlHeVeeë ~ HeeáeYeeweflekebÀ

peerJepeelecegHe®eejeled HeeefLe&Jeeë ~ les ceveg<³eeë lJeef³e ®ejefvle leJeeOeejs efmLeleeë mJemJekeÀcee&efCe kegÀJe&efvle ~

efÜHeoes efJenieeoerved, ®eleg<Heoes ieJeeéeeoerved ®elegefjefle DeveskeÀeLe&cegHeue#eCeled yengHeoesçefHe peerJeeved, lJeb e fyeYeef<e&

Oeej³eefme Hees<e³eefme ®e ~ He=efLeefJe ns efJeMeeueYetces ! Fces Heáe ceeveJeeë òsJeceveg<e³eeCeeb ievOeJee&Hmejmeeb meHee&Ceeáe

efJel$eÝCeeb ®ewles<eeb Jee Sleled HeáepeveeveecegkedÀLeefceefle ~` (Ss.yeé. 3~3~) Fle yeéïeCeJe®eveeled Sles ~ DeLeJee

ìevOeJee&ë efHelejes osJee Demegje j#eebmeerl³eskesÀ, ®elJeejes JeCee& efve<eeoHeáecee...... Fl³eewHecev³eJeë ~ (efve©.

3~2~2) Fefle efve©keÌleeled ievOJee&o³ees yeéïeCeeo³ees Jee ~ DeveJees êg¿eJees ³eoJemlegJe&Meeë HegjJe½esefle HeáeefJeOee

$eÝ*dcev$es ($eÝ.1~108~1) JeefCe&lee Fl³eeOegefvekeÀeë~ Heáemeg YetKeC[s<eg efveJemevl³ees ceveg<³epeele³ees Jee ~ le


Fces Heáe ceeveJeeë He=efLeJ³eeb meefvle ³esY³ees cel³eesY³ees cejCeOecexY³ees pevesc³emles<eeceLexç³eced GÐeved Òel³enb

Go³ece³eved met³e&ë meefJelee meJe&m³e peerJepeelem³e ÒemeefJeleeççefol³ees jefMceefYeë peerJeveer³ewmlespeesefYeë Dece=leb

p³eesefleë Dece=lelJeoe³ekebÀ ÒekeÀeMeced Deeleveesefle efJemleej³eefle ~

efn.De.ö (ns He=efLeJeer,) legcemes GlHeVe ÒeeCeer legceHej efJe®ejCe keÀjles nQ; legce oe HewjJeeueeW keÀes leLee legce

®eejHewjJeeueeW keÀes OeejCe keÀjleer nes; ³es meYeer ÒeeCeer ns He=efLeJeer, legcnejs nQ, efpeve ÒeeefCe³eeW kesÀ efue³es Gefole neslee

ngDee met³e& Decej p³eesefle uewueelee nw ~


Mortal creatuses produced from thee, move on thee. Thou holdeest biped and

quadruped. O Earth, all these creatures, for whom the rising sun spreads the immortal

light with his rays, are thine.

Notes –®ejefvle ö Car ‘to move’ pres. 3rd plu. efJeYeef<e& —bhr ‘to bear’ pres. 32nd. Sing.

efÜHeoë, ®eleg<Heoë – See RV. X 121.3. GÐeved - Gled + i ‘to go’ + Mele=; nom. sing. Deeleveesefle

öDee + tan ‘to stretch’ pres. 3rd. sing.; not unaccented because syntactically

connected with ³esc³eë.

meb.Hee. - lee veë Òepeeë meb ogÚleeb meceûee Jee®ees ceOeg He=efLeefJe Oesefn ce¿eced ~~16~~

He.Hee. - leeë ~ veë ~ Òeçpeeë ~ meced ~ ogÚleeced ~ mecedçDeûeeë ~ Jee®eë ~ ceOeg ~ He=efLeefJe ~ Oesefn ~

ce¿eced ~~16~~

DevJe³e ö leeë meceûeeë Òepeeë veë meb megÚleeced ~ (ns) He=efLeefJe ce¿eb ³ee®eë ceOeg Oesefn ~

Meyoe.ö leeë = Jes, veë = nceW, Òepeeë = ÒeeCeer, mebogÚleeced = mec³ekedÀ ªHe mes Òeoeve keÀjs, meceûeeë =

mecHetCe&, Jee®eë = JeeCeer keÀer, ceOeg = ceOegjlee, He=efLeefJe = ns He=efLeJeer, Oeesefn = Òe³eesie keÀjes, ce¿eced = cePes ~

meb.Yee.ö leeë HeáepeveªHeemlJeef³e He=efLeJ³eeb efveJemevl³eë Òepeeë meceûeeë keÀefáeoefHe peveefJeMes<eceefJene³e meJee&ë

mebogÚleeb #eerjeefoJeppeerJeveesHe³egkeÌleb Jemlegpeelecemceef×lee³e mec³eiegHeve³evleg ~ He=efLeefJe ns JemegOes ! ce¿eb ceoLex


Jee®ees ceOeg Jee®eë melJeªHeb meJex<eeceemJeeÐeeb Ëo³e²ceb ceOegjb Je®eveb Iesefn efveIesefn mecYej ~ meJex<eeb peveeveeb

ÒeereflekeÀjb Jee*dceeOeg³e¥ ce¿eb osnerl³eLe&ë ~ ogÚleeb ogns ueexìd, íevome½e jë ~

efn.De.ö Jes mecHetCe& ÒeeCeer nceW mec³ekedÀ ÒekeÀej mes (megKe) Òeoeve keÀjs ~ ns He=efLeJeer, JeeCeer keÀer ceOegjlee cegPes

Òeoeve keÀjes ~


May all these creatures yield us (blessings). O Earth endow me the sweetness of

speech.

Notes – ogÚleecedödhu ‘to milk’, impv. Atm. 3rd. plu. meceûeeëö ‘All, entire, whole,

complete, each, every, (M W D) ‘in concert’ (Griffith). Oesefn – dha ‘to put’ impv. 2nd.

Sing.

meb.Hee. ö efJeéemJebçceelejcees<eOeerveeb Oe´g Jeeb Yetefceb He=efLeJeeR Oece&Cee Oe=leeced ~

efMeJeeb m³eesveeceveg ®ejsce efJeéene ~~17~~

He.Hee.ö efJeéeçmJeçced ~ ceelejced ~ Dees<eOeerveeced ~ Oe´gJeeced ~ Yetefceced ~ He=efLeJeerced ~ Oece&Cee ~ Oe=leeced ~

efMeJeeced ~ m³eesveeced ~ Deveg ~ ®ejsce ~ efJeéene ~~17~~

DevJe³e öefJeéemJeced Dees<eOeerveeb ceelejb Oe´gJeeb, He=efLeJeeR Oece&Cee Oe=leeced Yetefceb (Je³eb) efJeéene Deveg ®ejsce ~

Meyoe.ö efJeéemJeced = meJekeÀes GlHeVe keÀjves Jeeueer, ceelejced = ceelee, Dees<eOeerveeced = Dees<eefOe³eeW keÀer,

Oe´gJeeced = Î{, Yetefceced = He=efLeJeer kesÀ, He=efLeJeerced = ®eew[er, Oece&Cee = Oece& Üeje, Oe=leeced = OeejCe keÀer ieF&,

efMeJeeced = keÀu³eeCeekeÀeefjCeer, m³eesveeced = megKe Òeoeve keÀjves Jeeueer, Deveg®ejsce = efJe®ejCe keÀjs, efJeéene =

meJe&oe ~

meb.Yee. efJeéemJeb efJeéemegJeb meJe&m³e peveveeR, efJeéem³e meJe&m³e Jee mJeYetleeb meJe&mJeYetleeced Dees<eOeerveeb

ueleeJeer©Oeeoerveeb Oeev³eeveeb JevemHeleerveeb ®e ceelejced GlHeefÊeYegJeb, Oe´gJeeced De®eueeb peerJeepeerJeeveeb efmLeeflemeewkeÀ³e¥


³eLee m³eeÊeLee efmLejeb Yetefceb meJe&m³eeÞe³eYetleeb, Oece&Cee OeejkesÀCe mel³eªHesCe Oe=leeb efmLejerke=Àleeb Oecee&Oeejs

efmLeleeefcel³eLe&ë ~ `³ees Jew me Oece&ë mel³eb Jew ueled lemceelmel³eb JeovleceengOe&ce Jeoleerefle Oece¥ Jee Jeovleb mel³eb

Jeoleerefle ~` (cee. Me. 14~4~2~6) `OecexCe meJee|ceob Heefjie=nerleb Oecee&Veeefleog½ejb lemceeodOecex jcevles ~`

(lew. Dee. 10~32~1) Fefle ye´eïeCeceefHe YeJeefle ~ efMeJeeb keÀu³eeCekeÀjeR, m³eesveeb megKeoeb ceveesjceeb, He=efLeJeeR

ceneR efJeéene meJe&oe, Deveg ®ejsce lem³ee DevegketÀueb ³eLee m³eeÊeLee leeb mesJesceefn ~ Oece&Cee Oe=_ed OeejCes YJeeosë

ceefveved ~

efn.De.ö me$ekeÀes GlHeVe keÀjvesJeeueer, Dees<eefOe³ees keÀer ceelee, Î{, ®eew[er leLee Oece& Üeje OeejCe keÀer ieF&,

keÀu³eeCekeÀeefjCeer leLee megKe Òeoeve keÀjves Jeeueer He=efLeJeer kesÀ THej (nce) meJe&oe efJe®ejCe keÀjs ~


May we always tread on Earth producer of all, mother of herbs, firm, wide, borne up

by order, auspicious and gracious.

Notes – efJeéemJecedö Acc. Sing of efJeéemet from efJeée + su ‘to generate’ + efkeÌJeHed. It is an

epithet of Earth Yetefceb He=efLeJeerced ö Yetefce and He=efLeJeer are synonyms. However, to avoid the

repetition He=efLeJeer should be taken as a derivative word meaning ‘wide’®ejsce – car ‘to

move’ opt. 1st. plu.

meb.Hee. - cenled meOemLeb cenleer yeYetefJeLe ceneved Jesie SpeLegJexHeLegäs ~

cenebmlJesvêes j#el³eÒeceeoced ~

mee vees Yetces Òe jes®e³e efnjC³em³esJe mebÎefMe cee vees efÜ#ele keÀ½eve ~~18~~

He.Hee.ö cenled ~ meOeçm³eced ~ cenleer ~ yeYetefJeLe ~ ceneved ~ Jesieë ~ SpeLegë ~ JesHeLegë ~ les ~ ceneved ~

lJee ~ Fvêë ~ j#eefle ~ DeÒeçceeoced ~ mee ~ veë ~ Yetces ~ Òe ~ jes®e³e ~ efnjC³em³eçFJe ~ mecedç¢efMe ~

cee ~ veë ~ efÜ#ele ~ keÀë ~ ®eve ~~18~~

DevJe³eë ö (ns He=efLeefJe,) cenleer (lJeb) cenled meOem³eb yeYetefJeLe; les ceneved Jesieë, SpeLegë JesHeLegë (®e) ~

ceneved Fvêë lJee DeÒeceeob j#eefle ~ ns Yetces mee (lJeb) meb¢efMe efnjC³em³esJe veë Òe jes®e³e; keÀ½eve veë cee

efÜ#ele ~


Meyoe.ö cenled = ceneved, meOemLeced = menemLeeve, cenleer = ye[er, yeYetefJeLe = ngF& neW, ceneved = ye[e, Jesieë

= nue®eue, SpeLegë = ieefle, JesHeLegë = keÀcHeve, les = legcnejs THej, ceneved = ceneved, Fvêë = Fvê, j#eefle =

j#ee keÀjlee nw, DeÒeceeoced = Òeceeojefnle neskeÀj, mee = Jen, veë = nceW, Òejes®e³e = ÒekeÀeefMele keÀjes, Yetces =

ns He=efLeJe³eer, efnC³em³esJe = mJeCe& kesÀ meceeve, mebÎefMe = oMe&ve ceW, cee = ceve, veë = ncemes, efÜ#ele = Üs<e

keÀjs, keÀ½eve = keÀesF& ~

meb.Yee. ö Yetces ns He=efLeefJe ! lJeb mJe³eb cenleer efJeMeeueeçefme ~ lJeb cenled meOemLeb ®eje®ejeCeeb Yetleeveeb ke=Àles

cenled efJeMeeueb He³ee&Heleb meOemLeb menwkeÀ$e JeememLeeveb yeYetefJeOe Yetleeçefme ~ DeeflecenÊJeeodYetcesjmebK³es³eeefve

Yetleeefve lJeef³e megKesvewkeÀ$e Jeemeb kegÀJe&vleerefle YeeJeë ~ lesleJe Jesieë j³eë YetkeÀcHes He=efLeJ³eeë mkeÀesìvepeJeë ceneved

DeefleefJeveeMeeJenë ~ leLewJe les leJe SpeLegë meeOeejCe½eueve-¬eÀceesçefHe ceneved Ye³e¹jë ~ JesHeLegë ceneved

keÀcHeesçefHe les ceneved Ye³eeJenë DeLee&led efJeveeMekeÀjë, ceneefvevêmlJee lJeeced DeÒeceeob ÒeceeoesçveJeOeevelee ³eLee ve

m³eeÊeLee meeJeOeevees YetlJee efJemHeÀesìkeÀcHeeefoefJeveeMeefveefceÊesY³ees j#eefle Heeue³eefle ~ meHelvesY³ees Jee lJeeb

j#eefle ~ mee Slee¢Meer lJeb ns Yetces ! veë Demceeved efnjC³em³esJe megJeCe&m³esJe Yeemegjs ©ef®ejs meb¢efMe meboMe&veªHes

Òejes®e³e jes®eceeveeved kegÀ© ~ lJe³ee Hegäeë mebJeefOe&lee½e Je³eb ªHesCe megJeCe&Jeod oerH³eceevee ³eLee YeJesce leLee

kegÀefJe&efle ~ DeLe ®eemceekebÀ menefveJeemeb megªHeced GefÎM³e cee ve~ Demceeved keÀ½eve megKecemceekeÀcemenceeveë

efÜ#ele ve Üssdìg ~ DemeHelveevemceeved kegÀefJe&efle ~ meOemLeb ceneLex íevomeë meOeMeyoë ~ menmLeefcel³eLe&ë ~ JesHeLegë

ogJesHe= keÀcHeves YJeeosë `efÜleesçLeg®ed` ~ (Hee. 3~3~89)

SpeLegyee&nguekeÀeoLeg®ed ~ meb¢efMe mebHetJe&keÀeod ¢Mesë efkeÌJeHed, leefmceved ~ cee efÜ#ele efÜ<e DeÒeerleew Deoeosë ueg*d ~

cee*d³eesiesç[YeeJeë ~ Jesieë efJeefpejd He=LeiYeeJes pegnesl³eeosYee&Jes Ie_ed ~

efn.De.ö (ns He=efLeJeer) ceneved (legced) efJeMeeue efveJeeme mLeeve ngF& nes; legcnejs THej ceneved nue®eue ö ieefle

SJeb keÀcHeve nw ~ (efkeÀvleg) ceneved Fvê Òeceeo jefnle neskeÀj legcnejer j#ee keÀjlee nw ~ ns He=efLeJeer, Jen (legce)

nceW oMe&ve ceW mJeCe& kesÀ meceeve ÒekeÀeefMele keÀjes ~ keÀesF& Yeer ncemes Üs<e ve keÀjs ~


(Thou) the Mighty one hast become a vast abode. Geart verocity – agitation and

depression is on thee. The great India protects thee with unceasing care. O Earth, thou

as such make us shine as with the splendour of gold. Let none hate us.


Notes – JeYetefJeLeö bhu ‘to be’ perf. 2nd. Sing. SpeLegë – ej ‘to stir’ + DeLeg. JesHeLegë vip ‘to

tremble’ + DeLeg. j#eefle ö raks ‘to protect’ pres. 3rd. sing. – jes®e³e ruc ‘to shine’ caus,

impv, 2nd. Sing. mebÎefMe – Loc. Infinitive, from meced + drs ‘to see’ + F. efÜ#ele ö dvis ‘to

hate’ Atm. ‘sa’ – aorist, inju, 3rd. sing.

meb.Hee.- DeefiveYet&c³eecees<eOeer<JeefiveceeHees efyeYe´l³eefivejMcemeg ~

Deefivejvleë Heg©<es<eg iees<Jeées<Jeive³eë ~~19~~

He.Hee. - Deefiveë ~ Yetc³eeced ~ Dees<eOeer<eg ~ Deefiveced ~ DeeHeë ~ efyeYe´efle ~ Deefiveë ~ DeMceçmeg ~

Deefiveë ~ Devleë ~ Heg©<es<eg ~ iees<eg ~ Deées<eg ~ Deive³eë ~~~19~~

DevJe³e ö Yetc³eeb (³epeceeveeë) osJesc³eë osJesc³eë ³e%eced Dejbke=Àleb nJ³eb (®e) ooefle; Yetc³eeb ceveg<³eeë, cel³ee&ë

mJeOe³ee DeVesve (®e) peerJeefvle mee Yetefceë veë ÒeeCeced Dee³egë oOeeleg ~ He=efLeJeer cee pejoeefä ke=ÀCeesleg ~

Meyoe.ö Yetc³eeced = He=efLeJeer Hej, osJesY³eë = osJeleeDees kesÀ efue³es, ooefle = osles nQ, ³e%eced = ³e%e, nJ³eced=

nefJe, Dejbke=Àleced = De®íer ÒekeÀej mes lew³eej, Yetc³eeced = He=efLeJeer Hej, ceveg<³eeë = ceveg<³e, peerJeefvle = peerefJele

jnles nQ, mJeOe³ee = peue mes, DeVesve = DeVe mes, cel³ee&ë = ÒeeCeer, mee = Jen, veë = nceW, Yetefceë = He=efLeJeer,

ÒeeCeced = ÒeeCe, Dee³egë = Dee³eg, oOeeleg = OeejCe keÀje³es, pejoefäced = Je=×eJemLee, cee = cegPes, He=efLeJeer =

He=efLeJeer, ke=ÀCeesleg = keÀjs ~

meb.Yee.ö Deefivemet&c³eeb Dees<eOeer<eg YeJeefle ~ `DeivesJee& S<ee levet³e&oes<eOe³eë ~` (lew.meb. 3~2~5~7),

Dees<eOe³ees Jee DeivesYeefieOes³eced ~` (lew.meb.5~1~5~9) Fefle ®e ÞegeflejefHe ~ leLee DeeHees peueev³eefive

efyeYe´efle ~ DeHmeg cesIes<Jevleefj#esçefiveefJe&ÐegêtHesCe YeJeefle ~ DeHmeg peues<eg Jee ~ `³ee (Deivesë) HeeJekeÀe

(levetjemeerled) DeHemle³ee (ÒeefJeMeled) ~` (keÀeþ. meb. 8~9) Fefle efn ÞegefleYe&Jeefle ~ DeefivejMcemeg Òemlejs<eg

YeJeefle ³es<eeb Oe<e&CesveemHeÀeuevesve Jeeefivepee&³eles ~ Heg©<es<Jevlejefiveë peeþjªHesCe YetkeÌleceVeb HeefjCece³eefle ~ iees<eg

DeefiveYeg&keÌleb le=Ceb #eerjªHesCe HeefjCece³eefle ~ Deées<eg DeefiveJexieceglHeeo³eefle SJe, Deive³eë meJe&$e Yetc³eeefo<eg

ceveg<³eHeéeeefo<eg ®e YeJeefvle efJeefJeOeb ®e HeefjCeceefvle ~ Deedcemeg DeMet*d J³eeHleew mebIeeles ®e mJeeosë `Dev³esY³eesçefHe

Îed³evles ~`(Hee. 3~2~75) Fefle ceefveved, les<eg ~


efn.De.ö He=efLeJeer Hej (³epeceeve) osJeleeDeeW kesÀ efue³es ³e%e leLee Deuebke=Àle nefJe Òeoeve keÀjles nQ; He=efLeJeer Hej

ceveg<³e leLee (meYeer) ÒeeCeer peue Deewj DeVe mes peerefJele jnles nQ; Jen He=efLeJeer nceW ÒeeCe Deewj Dee³eg OejCe

keÀjeJes, He=efLeJeer cegPes Je=×eJemLee (Jeeueer Dee³eg) Òeoeve keÀjs ~


On earth (they) offer sacrifice and dressed oblation the gods; on earth men and (other)

mortal creatures live with water and with food; May the Earth bestow on us breath

and life. May Earth give me life of long duration.

Notes – ooefleöda ‘to give’ pres. 3rd. plu. peerJeefvle –Jiv ‘to live’ pres. 3rd. plu. cevegM³ee

For accent see J³eesçceved (Av. XII.1.8) oOeeleg – dha ‘to put’ impv. 3rd. sing.pejoeefäced –

Jr. ‘to waste away Mele= + as ‘to be’ + efkeÌleved. This kind of compd. is called

syntactical compd. It is of the nature of Bahuvrihi, which accents the first member.

ke=ÀCeesleg – Kr. ‘to make’ impv. 3rd. sing.

meb.Heb. ö Deefiveefo&Je Dee leHel³eivesoxJem³eesJe&1vleefj#eced ~

Deefiveb celee&me FvOeles nJ³eJeenb Ie=leefHle³eced ~~20~~

He.Hee. - Deefiveë ~ efoJeë ~ Dee ~ leHeefle ~ Deivesë ~ osJem³e ~ G© ~ Devleefj#eced ~ Deefiveced ~

celee&meë ~ FvOeles ~ nJ³eçJeenced ~ Ie=leçefHle³eced ~~20~~

DevJe³e ö (ns) He=efLeefJe, ³eë les ievOeë mebyeYetJe, ³eced Dees<eOe³eë efyeYeéfle, ³ece DeeHeë (efyeYeéfle); ³eb ievOeJee&ë

DeHmejmeë ®e Yesefpejs lesve cee megjefYe ke=À<egë keÀ½eve veë mee efÜ#ele ~

Meyoe. ö ³eë = pees, les = legcneje, ievOeë = ievOe, He=efLeefJe = ns He=efLeefJe, mebyeYetJe, ³eced = efpemekeÀes,

efyeYeéfle = OeejCe keÀjleer nw, Dees<eOe³eë = Dees<eefOe³eew, ³eced = efpemekeÀes, DeeHeë = peue, ³eced = efpemekeÀes,

ievOeJee&ë = ievOeJeex ves, DeHmejmeë = DeHmejeDees ves, Yesefpejs = ÒeeHle efkeÀ³ee ³ee, lesve = Gmemes, cee = cegPes,

megjefYeced = megieefvOele, ke=ÀCeg = keÀjes, vee = veneR, veë = ncemes, efÜ#ele = Üs<e keÀjs, keÀ½eve keÀesF& ~

meb.Yee.- Deefiveefo&Je DeeleHeefle ÐegueeskeÀeled met³e&ªHesCeemecevleeled leHeefle ÒekeÀeMeles ~ osJem³e

Ðeesleceevem³eeivesë G© efyeeeueced Devleefj#eced DeHeebveHeeêtHem³e efveJeemeYetleb efJeÐeles, ³e$e me efnÐegêtHesCe Jemeefle ~


Deefiveb celee&meë He=efLeJ³eeb cejCeOecee&Cees ceeveJeemleceefiveb keÀer¢Meb nJ³eJeenb osJes<eg nefJe<eeb Jees{ejb, Ie=leefHle³eced

Deep³eceengleew oÊeb efÒe³eb ³em³e leb lee¢Meceefiveced FvOeles ³e%es<eg meefceoep³eeefoefYeë ÒepJeeue³eefvle ~ SJeceefivej³eb

efoefJe met³e&ªHesCeevleefj#esçHeebveHeeêtHesCe He=efLeJ³eeb ®e nJ³eJee[dªHesCe efleÿleerefle YeeJeë ~

efn.De.ö ns He=efLeJeer, pees legcneje ievOe GlHeVe ngDee nw, efpemekeÀes Deew<eefOe³eeb leLee efpemekeÀes peue OeejCe

keÀjleer nQ; efpemekeÀes ievOeJeex leLee DeHmejeDes ves ÒeeHle efkeÀ³ee Lee, Gmemes cegPes megieefvOele keÀjes; keÀesF& Yeer cegPe

mes Üs<e ve keÀjs ~


O Earth, scent that has risen from thee, which herbs bear, which the waters, which

Gandharvas and Apsarase have shared; with that (scent) make us scented. Let no

body hate us.

Notes- mebJeYetJe ö meced + bhu ‘to be’ perf. 3rd. sing. not unaccented because preceded by

³eë. efyeYe´efle – bhr. ‘to bear’ pres. 3rd. plu.; not unaccented because preceded by ³eced.

Yesefpejs – bhaj ‘to divide’. Perf. Atm. 3rd. plu; not unaccented because preceded by ³eced.

ke=ÀCeg – kr ‘to make’ impv. 2nd. Sing. efÜ#ele – see AV. XII. 1.18.

meb.Hee. - DeefiveJeemeeëHe=efLeJ³eçefmele%etefmlJe<eercevleb mebefMeleb cee ke=ÀCeesleg ~~21~~

He.Hee.- DeefiveçJeemeeë ~ He=efLeJeer ~ Deefmeleç%etë ~ mecedçefMeleced ~ cee ~ ke=ÀCeesleg ~~21~~

DevJe³e ö (ns) Yetces, ³eeëles Òee®eerë ³ee Goer®eerë ³eeë les DeOejeled ³eeë ®e He½eeled ÒeefleMeë leeë ®ejles ce¿eb

m³eesveeë YeJevleg ~ YegJeves efMeefÞe³eeCeë (Den) cee efve Hemeced ~

Meyoe.ö ³eeë = pees, les = legcnejer, Òee®eerë = HetJe&, ÒeefoMeë = efoMee³es, ³eeë = pees, Goer®eerë = GlHej

efoMee³eW, ³eeë = pees, les = legcnejer, Yetces = ns He=efLeJeer, DeOejeled = veer®es mes, ³eeë = pees, ®e = Deewj,

Heáeeled= Heerísmes, m³eesveeë = megKeosves Jeeueer, leeë = Jes, ceneced = cesjs efue³es, ®ejles = efJe®ejCe keÀjves Jeeues

kesÀ efue³es, YeJevleg = nesJex, cee = cele, efve HeHleced = veer®es efie©b, YegJeves = ³esJeer Hej, efMeefÞe³eeCeë = efveJeeme

keÀjlee ngDee ~


meb.Yee. ö F³eb He=efLeJeer DeefiveJeemeeë ~ DeefiveJee&mees Jem$ecee®íeoveb ³em³eemlee¢Meer YeJeefle ~ Dele SJe

Deefmele%etë Deefmeles M³eeces peevegveer ³em³eeë mee ~ oeJeeefivevee oiOeeveeb JeveÒeosMeeveeb M³eecelJeeled M³eecepeevegë ~

mes³eb He=efLeJeer cee ceeb eflJeef<ecevleb keÀeefvle³egkeÌleb DeespeefmJeveb mebefMeleb megleer#Ceb ®e kegÀMeeûeyegef×b ke=ÀCesleg keÀjesleg ~

Deefmele%etë ve efmeles peevegveer ³em³eeë ~ peevegMeyom³e %egMíevomeë ~

efn.De.ö ns He=efLeJeer, pees legcnejer HetJe&, pees GÊej, pees legcnejer oef#eCe Deewj pees Heef½ece efoMee³ex nw, Jes

(He=efleJeer Hej) efJe®ejCe keÀjves Jeeues cesjs efue³es megKe Òeoeve keÀjves Jeeueer nesJex ~ He=efLeJeer Hej efveJeeme keÀjlee

ngDee ceQ veer®es ve efieªb ~


O Earth, which are thy eastern, which are thy northern, which are thy southern and

which are thy western regions; may all of them be gracious for me, the moving one

on the earth; let me not sturmble.

Notes – ®ejles ö Dative sing. of ®ejled from car ‘to move YeJevleg – bhu ‘to be’ impv.

3rd. plu. HeHleced - pat

le$e-ÒeLecee ~

menm$eMeer<ee& Heg©<eë menm$ee#eë menm$eHeeled ~

me Yetefceä meJe&leë mHelJeel³eefleÿÎee²ueced ~~1~~

GJeìYee<³e:ö HejceelceefJe%eeveevevoeefoiegCeeO³eelceefve ÒeYetleë Heg©<ecesOees ³e%eëÒepeeHeefleë

ueeskeÀkeÀeueeiv³eeefoJeHegë Heg©<eeslHeefÊeefmLeeflemebËleerveeb neslegë mJeiee&HeJeiezée³e&cees#eoes %eevekeÀce&meceg½e³ekeÀejCeb

Mejerjb `³e%ees Jee Dem³eelcee YeJeleer` efle Þegefleë ~ menñeMeer<ee& Heg©<e Fl³evegJeekesÀve <ees[Me®exveevegägYesve

ef$eägyevl³esve ye´ïeCes ye´eïeCeefcel³eeÐeJe³eJe YetleHeg©<eÜejsCeeJe³eJeer mlet³eles ~ FoeveeR mlegl³eLe¥efveJe&®eveÜejsCe

ê{ef³elegceen ~ `DeLe memceelHeg©<ecesOees veevesces nw ueeskeÀeë Hetj³ecesJe Heg©<ees ³ees³eb HeJeles meesçm³eeb Hegefj Mesles

lemceelHeg©<eë ~ lem³e ³eos<eg ueeskesÀ<JeVeb leom³eeVeb cesOemleom³ewleoVeb cesOemlemceelHeg©<ecesOeë` ~ Heg©<emetkeÌlem³e

veeje³eCe$eÝef<eë Heg©<ees osJeleevegägHívoë Devl³ee ef$eäHed cees#es efJeefve³eesieë ~ Dem³e Yee<³eb MeewvekeÀes veece

$eÝef<ejkeÀjesled ~ ÒeLeceb efJe®ísoë ef¬eÀ³eekeÀjkeÀmebyeveOeë meceemeë Òeces³eeLe&J³eeK³esefle meJe&cesleppevekeÀe³e cees#eeLe&

keÀLe³eeceemesefle ~ menm$eMeer<ee& Heg©<eë menm$e#eë menmedefHeeled ~ meë Yetefceced meJe&leë mHe=lJee Deefle Deefleÿled

oee²§ueced ~ meë Heg©<eë veeje³eCeeK³eë meJe&leë YegJevekeÀesMem³e Yetefceb mHe=lJee J³eeH³e oMee²§ueced


Del³eefleÿled ~ oMe ®e leeefve De²§ueeefve oMee²§ueeveerefvê³eeefCe ~ kesÀef®eov³eLee jes®e³eefvle oMee²§ueÒeceeCeb

Ëo³emLeeveced ~ DeHejs leg veeefmekeÀeûeb oMee²§ueefceefle ~ efkebÀYetleesçmeew menñeMeer<ee& Heg©<eë ~ menñee#eë

menñeeC³e#eerefCe ves$eeefCe lem³eemeew menñee#eë ~ menñeHeeled Heeoeveece²eveeb menñeeefCe ³em³e me menñeHeeled ~

SleêgCeë Heg©<eë leÐeeH³e Deefle¬eÀc³e efmLele Fefle ~~1~~

jceekeÀevleb efiejb velJee nsjcyeb efMeJeceefcyekeÀeced ~

SkeÀef$eMesçOegveeO³ee³es JesooerHees efJelev³eles ~~

cenerOejYee<³e :ö èfJe³egkeÌleevye´ïeeefYekeÀäewefle nesle=JeovegJeekesÀve menñeMeer<exefle` (keÀel³ee. 21~1~11)~

Deem³eeLe&ë ~ efve³egkeÌleevyeéïeCeefcel³eeefoHeMetved menñeMeer<exl³evegJeekesÀve <ees[Me®exve Je´ïee medleewefle nesle=Jeefoefle ef$eë

ÒeLeceb ef$enÊeceeefcel³eeÐegkeÌleÒekeÀejsCesl³eLe&ë ~ `$ewOeeleJ³evles meceejes¿eelceVeiveer met³e&cegHemLee³eeYÐeë mebYe=le

Fl³eveg JeekesÀveeveHes#eceeCeesçjC³eb ielJee ve Òel³eJes³eeod ûeeces JeeefJeJelmeVejC³eesë` (keÀe.21~1~17-18) ~

$ewOeeleJeer GoJemeeveer ³esefäë leovles De³eb les ³eesefveefjl³eûeer Deelceefve meceejes¿e leo<ceeCeceem³ees ÒeJesM³eeYÐeë

mebYe=le Fefle <e[=®esveevegJeekesÀve met³e&cegHemLee³e He½eeoHeM³evJeveb ielJee ûeeceb veeie®ísled ~ JeeveÒemLees

YeJesefol³eLe&ë ~ ³eÜeûeeces Jemlegefce®íved DejC³eesjiveer meceejesH³eekeÀexHemLeeveevevlejb ûeeces ielJee ³e%eevkegÀ³e&eefoefle

met$eeLe&ë DeLe cev$eeLe&ë ~ veeje³eCeHeg©<eo=äe peieÜerpeHeg©<eosJel³eeë <ees[Me $eÝ®eë HeáeoeevegägYeë <ees[Meer

ef$eägHed ~ ye´ïeCes yeéïeCeefcel³eeÐeeë Heg©<ecesOeªHem³e HejceelceveesçJe³eJeeë HetJee&O³ee³eevles ÒeeskeÌleemles <eeceJe³eJeer

Heg©<eesç$e mlet³eles ~ DeJ³ekeÌlecenoeefoefJeue#eCe½eslevees ³eë Heg©<eë Heg©<eeVe Hejb efkebÀef®e` efol³eeefoÞegefle<eg Òeefme×ë

meJe&ÒeeefCemeceefäªHees ye´ïeeC[osnes efJejepeeK³eesçefmle ~ keÀer¢Meë ~ menñeMeer<ee& menñeMeyoes yenglJeJee®eer ~

mebK³eeJee®ekeÀlJes menñe#e Fefle efJejesOeë m³eeled ves$emenñeÜ³esve ®e YeeJ³eced ~ leleë menñecemebK³eeefve Meer<eee|Ce

efMejebefme ³em³e meë `Meer<e&®ívoefme` (Hee. 6~1~60) Fefle efMejëMeyom³e Meer<e&VeosMeë ~ efMejesûenCeb

meJee&Je³eJeesHeue#eCeced ~ ³eeefve meJe&ÒeeefCeveeb efMejebefme leeefve meJee&efCe leÎ;wsvleëHeeeflelJeeled lem³ewJesefleo

menñeMeer<e&lJeced` ~ SJeceûesçefHe ~ menñee#eë menñece#eerefCe ³em³e meë ~ Deef#eûenCeb

meJe&%eevesefvê³eesHeue#ekeÀced ~ menñeHeeled menmedeE Heeoe ³em³e `mebK³eemegHetJe&m³e` (Hee.5~4~140) Fefle

Heeom³eevl³eueesHeë ~ HeeoûenCeb keÀcexefvê³esHeue#eCeced ~ meë Heg©<ees Yetefceb ye´ïeeC[ueeskeÀªHeeb meJe&leë efle³e&kedÀ

TOJe&ceOe½e mHe=K³ee J³eeH³e ~ mHe=CeesefleJ³ee&efHlekeÀcee& ~ ³eÜe YetefceMeyodes YetleesHeue#eleë ~ Heáe Yetleeefve J³eeH³e

oMee²§ueHeefjefceleb osMeceO³eefleÿled Deefle¬eÀc³eeJeefmLeleë ~ oeMee¹§ueefcel³egHeue#eCeced ~ ye´ïeeC[yoefnjefHe

meJe&leesJ³eeH³eeJeefmLele Fl³eLe&ë ~ ³eoJee veeYesë mekeÀeMeeÎMee²§ueceefle¬eÀc³e Ëefo efmLeleë ~ veeefYele Fefle kegÀlees

ueY³eles `keÀlece Deelcel³egHe¬eÀc³e `meesç³eb efJe%eevece³eë ÒeeCes<eg ËÐevlep³eexefle` efjefle Þeglesë efJe%eeveelcevees

ËÐeJemLeeveb keÀce&HeÀueeWHeYeesiee³e Devle³eee|ceCees efve³evle=lJesve ~ leoglkeÀced `Üe megHeCee& me³egpee meKee³ee meceeveb

Je=#eb Heefj<emJepeeles ~ le³eesjv³eë efHeHHeueb mJeeÜÊ³eveÞeVev³ees DeefYe®eekeÀMeerefle` (cegC[. 3~1~1) Fefle ~ me


Heg©<eesç$e osJelee ~ leLee®e Þegefleë `Fces Jew ueeskeÀeë Hetj³ecesJe Het©<ees ³eesç³eb HegJeles meesçm³eeb Hegefj Mesles

lemceelHeg©<eë` (13~6~2~1) Fefle ~~1~~

efÜefle³ee

Heg©<e SJesod*d meJex ³eÓtleb ³e®e®e ceeJ³eced ~

Gleece=lelJem³eseevees ³eoVesveeeflejesnefle ~~2~~

GJeìYee<³e :ö Heg©<e SJe ~ Heg©<eë SJe Foced meJe&ced ³eled Yetleced ³eled ®e YeeJ³eced ~ Gle Dece=lelJem³e F&Meeveë

³eled DeVesve Deeflejesnefle ~ me SJe Heg©<eë HetJe&He³ee&³eefJeMesef<ele SJeMeyoes veev³eë ~ Fob Jele&ceevekebÀ meJe&ced ³e_e®e

Yetleceleerleced ³e®e®e YeeJ³eb YeefJe<³eled lem³e keÀeue$e³em³e F&Meeveë ~ ve kesÀJeueb keÀeue$e³em³e F&DeMeeveë ~ Gle

Dece=lelJem³eeefHe cees#em³eeefHe ~ GleMeyoesçefHeMeyoeLex ~ keÀmceelkeÀejCeeled ~ ³eled DeVesve Dece=lesve Deeflejesnefle

DeeflejesOeb keÀjesefle ~ meJe&m³eséej Fefle ~~2~~

cenerOejYee<³eë ö ³eled Fob Jele&ceeveb peieled lem³eJex Heg©<e SJe ~ ³eled Yetleceleerleb peieled ³e®®e YeeJ³eb Yeefle<³eb

peieled leoefHe Heg©<e SJe ~ ³eLeeefmceved keÀuHes Jele&ceeveeë ÒeeefCeosneë meJexçefHe efJejeìdHeg©<eme³eeJe³eJeeë

leLewDeJeeleerleeieeefceveesjefn keÀuHe³eesê&äJ³eefceefle YeeJeë ~ GleeefHe ®e Dece=lelJem³e osJem³e F&Meeveë mJeeceer me

Heg©<eë ³eled ³emceeled DeVesve ÒeeefCeveeb Yeesi³esveeVesve HeÀuesve efveefceÊeYetlesveeeflejesnefle mJeer³eeb keÀjCeeJemLeeceefle¬eÀc³e

Heefj¢M³eceeveeb peieoJemLeeb ÒeeHleesefle lemceelHeg©<e SJe ~ ÒeeefCeveeb keÀce&HeÀueYeesiee³e peieoJemeLeemJeerkeÀejeVesob

lem³e JemleglJeefcel³eLe&ë ~ ³eÜe meJex Heg©<e½esÊeefn& HeefjCeeceerl³eeMe¹d³een ~ Dece=lelJem³eecejCeOece&m³esMeeveë

cegkeÌlesjerMeë ~ ³ees efn cees#eséejes veemeew efce´³ele Fl³eLe&ë ~ efkebÀ®e ³eled peerJe peeleceVesveeeflejesnefle GlHeÐeles lem³e

meJe&m³e ®esMeeveë ye´ïeeefomlecJeHe³e&vlees Yetleûeece GkeÌleë lem³eeVesvewJe efmLelesë `FleëÒeoeveeefÜ osJee GHepeerJeefvle`

Fefle Þeglesë ~~2~~

le=efle³ee

SleeJeevem³e ceefnceelees p³ee³eeb½e Het©<eë ~

Heeoesçm³e efJeéee Yetleeefve ef$eHeeom³ece=leb efoefJe ~~3~~

GJeìYee<³e :- SleeJeevem³e ~ SleeJeeved Dem³e ceefncee Deleë p³ee³eeved ®e Het©<eë ~ Heeoë Dem³e efJeMeJee

Yetleeefve ef$eHeeled Dem³e Dece=leb efoefJe ~ Dem³e Heg©<em³e HetJeexkeÌleefJeMes<eCeefJeMesef<elem³e SleeJeeved ceefncee SleosJe

cenÊJecem³e ~ Deleë keÀejCeeled p³ee³eeb½e Heg©<eë ceneefvel³eLe&ë ~ keÀmceevcenÊJecee³eeleced ~ ³emeceelHeeoë

SkeÀeWMeë Dem³e Heg©<em³e ~ efJeéee Yetleeefve efJeéeeefve ®elego&MeYegJevememetns ³eeefve ®elegOee& Yetleeefve leev³eskeÀeWMeë ~


ef$eHeelHegveë $e³eeWMeeë Dem³e Heg©<em³e Dece=leced $eÝi³epegëmeeceue#eCeced Deeefol³eue#eCeb Jee efoefJe Ðeesleles

Fefle ~~3~~

cenerOej Yee<³e :ö DeleerleeveeveleJele&ceevekeÀeuemebye×b peieÎeJeoefmle SleeJeevmeJeexçefHe Dem³e Heg©<em³e

ceefncee mJekeÀer³emeceL³e&efJeMes<ees efJeYetefleë veleg JeemleJeb mJeªHeced ~ JeemleJeHeg©<emleg Deleë Demceeled ceefncvee

peieppeeueeled p³ee³eeb½e DeefleMe³esveeefOekeÀë ~ SleogYe³eb mHeäeref¬eÀ³eles ~ Dem³e Heg©<em³e efJeéee meJeee|Ce Yetleeefve

keÀeue$e³eJeleeaefve ÒeeefCepeeleeefve HeeoMe®elegLexeMeë ~ Dem³e Heg©<em³eeJeefMeä ef$eHeelmJeªHeced Dece=leb

efJeveeMejefnleb leled efoefJe ÐeesÜveelcekesÀ mJeÒekeÀeMes mJeªHesçJeeflesdþle Fefle Mes<eë ~ ³eÐeefHe `mel³eb %eevecevevleb

ye´ïes` l³eecveelem³e Hejye´ïeCe F³eÊee³ee DeYeeJeeled Heeo®elegä³eb efveªHeef³elegceMekeÌ³eb leLeeefHe peieefoob

ye´ïeªHeeHes#e³eeuHeefceefle efJeJeef#elelJeelHeeolJeesHev³eemeë ~~3~~

®elegLeea

ef$eHeeotOJe& GowlHeg©<eë Heeoesçm³esneYeJelHegveë ~

lelees efJe<Je*d J³e¬eÀecelmeeMeveeveMeves DeefYe ~~4~~

GJeìYee<³e :- ef$eHeeotOJe&ë ~ ef$eHeeled TOJe&ë Gled Ssled Heg©<eë Heeoë Dem³e Fn DeYeJeled Hegveë ~ leleë efJe<Je*d

efJe De¬eÀeceled meeMeveeveMeves DeefYe ~ ³emceeo³eb Heg©<eë ef$eHeeled $³ebMeYetleë TOJe&ë GHeefjäele Gowled

osoerH³eceeveefmleÿefle ~ Dem³e ®e He©<em³e Heeoë SkeÀeWMeë Fn $ewueeskeÌ³es yeerpeYetleb ®eleg<eg& Yetles<eg DeYetled Yetleced ~

leleë lemceelkeÀejCeeled efJe<Je*d YegJevekeÀesMeb J³e¬eÀeceled GlHeVeefcel³eLe&ë ~ lemceeosJe Heg©<eeled ~ meeMeveeveMeves

DeefYe meeMeveb mJeie&ced DeveMeveb cees#eced meJex peielmJeiex Òeefle cees#eb Òeefle ®e lemceeosJeeslHeVeefcel³eLe&ë ~~4~~

ceefnOej Yee<³e :- ³eesç³eb ef$eHeelHeg©<eë mebmeejmHeMe&jefnleye´ïeªHeë De³ecetOJe&ë Gowled Demceeo%eevekeÀe³ee&led

mebmeejeyoefnYet&leesç$el³ewieg&Ceos<ewjmHe=äë GlkeÀ<exCe efmLeleJeeved ~ lem³eem³e Heeoes uesMees peieêtHeë Fn cee³ee³eeb

Hegveë DeYeJeled me=efsìmebnejeY³eeb Hegveë Hegvejeie®íefle ~ meJe&m³e peieleë HejceelceuesMelJeb YeieJeleeH³egkeÌleced

`efJesdìY³eenefceob ke=ÀlmveceskeÀebMesve efmLelees peieled` (Yeie. 10~42) Fefle ~ lelees cee³ee³eeceeiel³eevevlejb

efJe<Je*d efJe<eg meJe&$eeáeleerefle efJe<Je*d osJeefle³e&ieeefoªHesCe efJeefJeOeë meved J³e¬eÀeceled J³eeHleJeeved ~ efHebÀke=ÀlJee

meeMeveeveMeves DeefYe DeefYeue#³e DeMevesve men Jele&ceeveb meeMeveced DeMeveeefoJ³eJenejesHesleb ®esleveÒeeefCepeeleced

DeveMeveb leêefnlece®esleveb efieefjveÐeeefokeÀced les DeefYeue#³e mJe³ecesJe efJeefJeOees YetlJee J³eeHleJeeefvel³eLe&ë ~~4~~


Heáeceer

lelees efJeje[pee³ele efJejepees DeefOe Het©<eë ~

me peelees Del³eefj®³ele He½eeÓtefceceLees Hegjë ~~5~~

DeJeì Yee<³e : lelees efJejeìd ~ leleë efJejeìd Depee³ele efJejepeë DeefOeHet©<eë ~ meë peeleë Deefle Deefj®³ele

He½eeled Yetefceced DeLees Hegjë ~ lemceeosJe Heg©<eeled efJeéeeslHeefÊeë ~ le$e HegJex efJejeìd Depee³ele ~ efJejepeë

DeefOeHet©<eë ÒeOeeveb lespeë ~ me #es$e%eë ye´ïee me=efäke=Àle peele~ meved Deefleefj®³eles ~ meesçefYeleë He½eeled Demceeled

#es$e%eeled ye´ïeCeë Yetefceë He=efLeJ³eeoew peelee GlHeVee Fefle ~ DeLeesçvevlejced Hegjë MejerjeefCe HegjeefCe ®elegefJe&Oeeefve

Yetleeefve Depee³evle ~ Heg$eeoerefve lesvewJeeslHeeefoleeefve SJeceskeÀeWMeë lesvewJe meJex efJeéeceglHeeefoleefceefle ~~5~~

ceefnOej Yee<³e :- efJe<Je*d J³e¬eÀeceefoefle ³eogkeÌleb leosJe ÒeHeáed³eles ~ leleë lemceeoeefoHeg©<eeled efJejeìd

ye´ïeeC[osnesçpee³ele peeleë ~ efJeefJeOeb jepevles Jemletv³e$esefle efJejeìd ~ efJejepeë DeefOe efJeje[dosnm³eesHeefle lecesJe

osnceefOekeÀjb ke=ÀlJee Heg©<eë leÎsneefYeceeveer SkeÀ SJe Hegceevepee³ele ~ meJe&JesoevleJesÐeë Hejceelcee mJecee³e³ee

efJeje[dosnb ye´ïeeC[ªHeb me=ädJee le$e peerJeªHesCe ÒeefJeM³e ye´ïeeC[efYeceeveer osJeleelcee peerJeesçYeJeefole³eLe&ë ~

Sle®®eeLeJe&ÊejleeHeveer³es mHeäcegkeÌleced `me Jee S<e Yetleeveerefvê³eeefCe efJejepeb osJeleeë keÀesMeeb½e me=ädJee$e ÒeefJeä

FJe efJenjefle` (ve=efmebnlee. 2~1) Fefle ~ efkebÀ®e me peelee efJejeìdHegg<eesçl³eefj®³ele DeefleefjkeÌlees

osJeefle³e&¹veg<³eeefoªHeesçYetled He½eeÎsJeeefopeerJeYeeJeeotOJex Yetefceb memepexefle Mes<eë ~ DeLees Yetefceme=äsjvevlejb les<eeb

peerJeeveeb Hegjë memepe& ~ Het³e&vles meHleefYeOee¥legefYeefjefle Hegjë MejerjeefCe ~~5~~

<eÿer

lemceeÐe%eelmeJe&ngleë mebYe=leb He=<eoep³eced ~

HeMetmleeb½e¬esÀ Jee³eJ³eeveejC³ee ûeec³ee½e ³es ~~6~~

GJeì Yee<³e :ö lemceeÐe%eeleLe ~ lemceeled ³e%eeled meJe&ngleë mebYe=leb He=<eoep³eced ~ HeMetved leeved ®e¬esÀ

Jee³eJ³eeved DeejC³eeë ûec³eeë ®e ³es ~ ³eLee DeefiveäesceeK³eeÊemceeÐe%eelmeJe&ngleë mebYe=leb He=<eoep³eced lesve

Jee³eJ³eeved HeMetved DeejC³ee ûeec³ee½e ³es leeved ke=ÀleJevleë ~ SJeceelce³e%eeled meJe&ngleelHetefjleeled GlHeVesve ³eesefieveë

meJee&ved HeMetved meJeee|Ce Yetlepeeleeefve keÀjueJelHeM³eefvle ~ HeM³eefvle efkeÀue %eevelespemee Yetlepeeleeefve ~~~6~~

cenerOej Yee<³e :- meJex nt³eles ³eefmceved me meJe&ngled lemceelHeg©<ecesOeeK³eeled ³e%eeled He=<eoep³eb oefOeefceÞeceep³eb

mebYe=leb mebHeeefoleced ~ oO³eep³eeefoYeesi³epeeleb mebHeeefoleefcel³eLe&ë ~ Heg©<esCesefle Mes<e~ ~ leLee med Heg©<eë


Jee³eJ³eevJee³egosJeleekeÀeved leevÒeefme×eved HeMetved ®ekesÀ GlHeeefoleJeeved ~ `Devleefj#eosJel³eeë Keueg Jew HeMeJeë`

Fefle Þeglesë ~ Devleefj#em³e ®e Jee³egosJel³elJeelHeMetveeb Jee³egosJelJeced ~ leevkeÀeved ~ ³es ®eejCe³eeë DejC³es YeJeeë

nefjCeeo³eë ~ ³es ®e ûeeceYeJee ieJeeéeeo³emleevHeMetved ®e¬esÀ ~~6~~

meHleceer

lemceeÐe%eelmeJe&ngle $eÝ®eë meceeefve peef%ejs ~

ívoe*defme peef%ejs lemceeÐepegmlemceeopee³ele ~~7~~

DeJeì Yeeä :- lemceeÐe%eeled ~ lemceeled ³e%eeled meJe&ngleë $eÝ®eë meeceeefve peef%ejs ~ ívoebefme peef%ejs lemceeled

³epegë lemceeled Depee³ele ~ lemceeosJe ³e%eelmeJe&ngleë ÒepJeeefueleeled ³eLee $eÝ®eë meeceeefve ³epetbef<e ®e osJee

GlHeeo³eefvle ívobefme ®e ~ SJeceelce³e%es ÒeCeJesve oerefHeles mJe³ecesJe %eeveeoefOeefÿleeefve YeJeefvle ~ SJeb ³esve

Hejceelceefve %ee³eles meJex peiOeeë (?) meJe¥ Jee²e³eb %eeveb YeJeleerefle ~~7~~

cenerOej Yee<³e :- meJe&ngleë lemceeÐe%eeled $eÝ®eë meeceeefve ®e peef%ejs GlHeVeeefve ~ ívoeefme iee³e$³eeoerefve

peef%ejs lemceeÐepegjH³epee³ele ~ $eÝi³epegë meeceefYeMívoesefYe½e efJevee ³e%ee ve efmeO³eefvle ~~~7~~

Deäceer

lemceeoée Depee³evle ³es kesÀ peesYe³eeoleë ~

ieeJees n peef%ejs lemceeÊemceeppeelee DepeeJe³eë ~~8~~~

GJeì Yeeä :- lemceeled ~ lemceeled Deéeeë Depee³evle ³es kesÀ ®e GYe³eeoleë ~ ieeJeë n peef%ejs lemceeled

lemceeled peeleeë DepeeJe³eë ~ lemceeÐe%eele Deéeeë Depee³evle GlHeVee~ ~ leLee³es kesÀ peeéeeefleefjkeÌlee

ieo&Yeeo³eesçéeleje½e GYe³eeoleë GYe³eesYee&ie³eeso&vlee ³es<eeb les GYe³eoleë ~ íevomeb oerIe&lJeced ~

TOJee&OeesYeeie³eeso&vle³egkeÌleeë meefvle lesçH³epee³evle ~ leLee n mHegÀìb lemceeÐe%eeled ieeJeë ®e peef%ejs ~ efkebÀ®e

lemceeÐe%eeled DepeeJe³eë Depeeë DeJe³e½e peeleeë ~ veefn HeMegefYeefJe&vee ³e%eë efmeO³esled ~~8~~

cenerOej Yee<³e :ö lemcee%eeled Deéeeë Depee³evele GlHeVeeë leLee ³es kesÀ ®eeéeeefleefjkeÌlee ie&oYeeo³eesçéeleje½e

GYe³eeoleë GYe³eesYee&ie³eeso&vlee ³es<eeb les GYe³eoleë ~ íevomeb oerIe&lJeced ~ TOJee&OeesYeeie³eeso&vle³egkeÌleeë meefvle


lesçH³epee³evle ~ leLee n mHegÀìb lemceeled ³e%eeled ieeJeë ®e peef%ejs ~ efkebÀ®e lemceeÐe%eeled DepeeJe³eë Depeeë

DeJe³e½e peeleeë ~ ve efn HeMegefYeefJe&vee ³e%eë efmeO³esled ~~8~~

veJeceer

leb ³e%eb yeefn&ef<e Òeew#evHeg©<eb peeleceûeleë ~

lesve osJee De³epevle meeO³ee $eÝ<e³e½e ³es ~~9~~

GJeì Yee<³e :- leb ³e%eced ~ leced ³e%eced Jeefn&ef<e Òeew#eved Heg©<eced peeleced Deûeleë ~ lesve osJeeë De³epevle

meeO³eeë $eÝ<e³eë ®e ³es ~ ³eLesvêsCe le$e ³e%es DeefiveäesceeK³ees Jeefn&<ee Òeesef#eleë Heg©Mes peeleë ~ leÜoelce³e%es

Jeefn&<ee HedeCee³eecesve oerefHelesve leefmcevHeg©<ees peeleë ~ %eeveceglHeÐeles efoJ³eced ~ Deûeleë ÒeLeceleë ~ lesve osJee

Fvêeo³eë meeO³ee½e $eÝ<e³e½e ³eLee De³epevle ~ leLee osJee ³eesefieveë keÀefHeueeo³e½e meeO³ee½eHejs $eÝ<e³eë ~

$eÝ<e³e½eeH³eslesvewJe ÒeCeJeeefOeefÿlesve Heg©<esCeelce³e%eb ke=ÀleJevle Fefle ~~9~~

cenerOej Yee<³e :- ³e%emeeOeves ³e%eMeyoë ~ ³e%eb ³e%emeeOeveYetleb leb Heg©<eb HeMeglJeceeYeeJ³e ³etkesÀ ye×b

yeefn&ef<eceevemes ³e%es Òeew#evÒeesef#eleJevleë Òees#eCeeefoefYeë mebmkeÀejewë mebmke=ÀleJevleë ~ keÀer¢Meced ~ Deûeleë me=äsë

HetJex peeleb Heg©<elJesveeslHeVeced ~ Sle®®e ÒeevesJeeskeÌleced lemceeefÜje[pee³ele efJejepees DeefOe Het©<e Fefle ~ lesve

Heg©<eªHesCe HeMegvee osJee De³epevle ceeveme³eeieb efve<HeeefoleJevleë ~ kesÀ les osJee Fl³e$een ~ ³es meeO³eeë

me=efämeeOeve³eesi³eeë ÒepeeHeefleÒeYe=le³eë ~ ³es ®e leovegketÀuee $eÝ<e³eë cev$eêäejë les meJexçH³e³epevle ~~9~~

oMeceer

³elHe©<eb J³eoOegë keÀefleOee J³ekeÀuHe³eced ~

cegKeb efkeÀcem³eemeereflkebÀ yeent efkeÀcet© Heeoe G®³esles ~~10~~

GJeì Yee<³e :- ³elHeg©<eced ~ ³eled Heg©<eb J³eoOegë keÀefleOee J³ekeÀuHe³eved ~ cegKeced efkeÀced Dem³e Deemeerled efkebÀ

yeent efkeÀced Tª Heeoew G®³esles ~ ³elHeg©<eced osJee Fvêeo³eë leefmceved ³e%es J³eoOegë ke=ÀleJevlees ³eLee ~ leÜled

³esefieveë Deelce³e%es Heg©<eb %eeveced ³eled %eeveevleb lelke=ÀleJevleë keÀefleÒekeÀejb efJekeÀefuHeleJevleë ~ lem³ewJebefJeOel³e

efkebÀ cegKeced keÀew yeent keÀew Tª Heeoew G®³esles G®®evleeefcel³eLe&ë ~ ye´eïeCe#eef$e³eJewM³eMetêeë efmLelee

Fl³eLe&ë ~~10~~


cenerOejYee<³e : ÒeMveesÊejªHesCe yeéïeCeeefome=efä JekeÌlegb ye´ïeJeeefoveeb ÒeMvee G®³evles ~ HejpeeHelesë ÒeeCeªHee

osJe ³eled ³eoe Heg©<eb J³eoOegë keÀeuesveesoHeeo³eved leoe keÀefleOee keÀefleefYeë ÒekeÀejwJ³e&keÀuHe³eved efJeefJeOeb

keÀefuHeleJevleë ~ Dem³e Heg©<em³e cegKeb efkeÀceemeerled efkebÀ yeent Tª ®eemleeced ~ efkebÀ®e Heeoew G®³esles HeeoeJeefHe

efkeÀceemleeefcel³eLe&ë ~~10~~

SkeÀeoMeer

yeéïeCeesçm³e cegKeceemeerÜent jepev³eë ke=Àleë ~

Tª leom³e ³eÜwM³eë HeÓd³ee*d Meêes Depee³ele ~~11~~

DeJeì Yee<³e :- yeéïeCesçm³e ~ yeéïeCeë Dem³e cegKeced Deemeerled yeent jepev³eë ke=Àleë ~ Tª lele Dem³e ³eled

JewM³eë HeYÐeeced Metêë Depee³ele ~ Dem³e me%eeslHeVem³e Heg©<em³e ³es kesÀef®eêeïeCeeë les cegKeced Deemeerled ~ ³es

#eef$e³eeë les yeentke=Àleeë ~ ³es JewM³eeë les Dem³e ªª ke=Àleeë ~ ³es Metêeë les HeYÐeece Depee³evle Fefle keÀuH³evles

leom³eeslHeVeleJeeefoefle ~ SJeceslesçJe³eJeeë efMejëÒeYe=le³eë Heg©<em³e efJeÐevles veev³es Fefle ~~11~~

cenerOej Yee<³e :- HetJeexkeÌleÒeMveesÊejeC³een ~ ye´ïeCeë ye´ïelJepeeefleefJeefMeäë Heg©<eesçm³e

ÒepeeHelesceg&Keceemeerled ~ cegKeeoglHeVe Fl³eLe&ë ~ jepev³eë #eef$e³elJepeeefleefJeefMeäes yeent ke=Àleë yeentlJesve

efve<Heeefoleë ~ leled leoeveercem³e ÒepeeHelesë ³eled ³eeJetª leêtHees JewM³eë mebHeVeë ~ T©Y³eeceglHeeefole Fl³eLe&ë ~

leLeemleg HeYÐeeb MetêlJepeeefleceevHeg©nesçpee³ele GlHeVeë ~~11~~

ÜeoMeer

®evêcee cevemees peele½e#eesë met³eex Depee³ele ~

Þees$eeÜe³eg½e ÒeeCe½e cegKeeoefivejpee³ele ~~12~~

GJeì Yee<³e :- ®evêcee cevemeë ~ ®evêceeë cevemeë peeleë ®e#eesë met³e&ë Depee³ele ~ Þees$eeled Jee³egë ®e ÒeeCeë

®e cegKeeled Deefive~ Depee³ele ~ lem³ewJebefJeOem³e ³e%eeslHeVem³e Heg©<em³e ~ ®evêceeë cevemeë ®eslemeë peeleë

Depee³elesefle keÀuHevee ~ ceve SJe ®evêceeë ~ ®e#eesë ves$eeY³eeb met³e&ë ~ ves$es SJe met³e&ë ~ ³e~ ÒeeCees peerJeë me

SJe Jee³egë Þes$eled Depee³elesefle keÀuH³eles Þees$ecesJe Jee³egë ~ ³eesç³eceefiveë me cegKeeled Depee³elesefle keÀuH³eles

cegKecesJeeefiveë DeMeesHleVelJeeefoefle ~~12~~


cenerOej Yee<³e ö³eLee oO³eeefleêJ³eeefCe ieJeeo³eë HeMeJeë $eÝieeefoJesleeë ye´eïeCeo³ees ceveg<³ee½e lemceeoglHeVeeë

SJeb ®evêeo³ees osJee DeefHe lemceeosJeeslHeVee Fl³een ~ cevemeë mekeÀeMee®e®evêceeë peeleë ~ ®e#eesë ®e#eg<eë

mekeÀeMeelmet³e&ë Depee³ele ~ Jee³egë ÒeeCe½e Þees$eelkeÀCee&opee³ele ~ cegKeeoefivejpee³ele ~~12~~

$e³eesoMeer

veeY³ee Deemeerovleefj#e*d Meer<eex Ðeewë meceJele&le ~

HeÓd³eeb Yetefceefo&Meë Þees$eeÊeLee ueeskeÀeB Mee DekeÀuHe³eved ~~13~~

DeJeì Yee<³e :- veeY³ee Deemeerled ~ veeY³eeë Deemeerled Devleefj#eced Meer<Ce&ë Oeewë meced DeJele&le ~ HeVÐeeced Yetefceë

efoMeë Þees$eeled leLe ueeskeÀeved DekeÀuHe³eved ~ lem³ewJebefJeOem³e Heg©<em³e ³ee veeefYeë leosJeevleefj#eb veYeë ~ ³ee Ðeewë

leled Meer<e¥ efMejë ~ meceJele&leesefle keÀefuHeleced ~ Heeoew YetefcejsJe ~ Þees$es ÞeJeCeew efoMeë ~ Þees$eeJe³eJeeë

³emceeefÎMeë ye´ïeCees peeleeë leLewJe meJee&ved ueeskeÀeved Heg©<em³eeJe³eJeYetleeved DekeÀuHe³eefoefle ~~13~~

cenerOejYee<³e :- ³eLee ÒepeeHelesce&veëÒeYe=le³e½evêeoervekeÀuHe³eved leLee vleefj#eeefoueeskeÀeefvel³een veeY³eesefle ~

ÒepeeHelesë veeYesë mekeÀeMeled Devleefj#eceemeerled ~ Meer<Ce&ë efMejmeë Ðeewë mJeie&ë meceJele&leeslHeVee ~ Dem³e HeYÐeeb

HeeoeY³eeb Yetefce©lHeVee ~ Þees$eeefÎMeë GlHeVeeë ~ leLee lesveeskeÌlesve efJeefOevee ueeskeÀevYetjeoerved ÒepeeHelesë

mekeÀeMeeokeÀuHe³eved keÀefuHeleJevleë ~ HeÀueeoeveeslmegkeÀeë keÀeuee Fefle Mes<eë ~~13~~

®elego&Meer

³elHeg©<esCe nefJe<ee osJee ³e%ecelevJele ~

Jemevleesçm³eemeeroep³eb ûeer<ce FOceë Mej×efJeë ~~14~~

GJeì Yee<³e :- ³elHeg©<esCe ~ ³eled Heg©<esCe nefJe<ee osJeeë ³e%eced DelevJele ~ Jemevleë Dem³e Deemeerled Deep³eced

ûeer<ceë FOceë Mejled nefJeë ~ keÀLeceVesveeefOejesnefle ~ ³eled ³emceelkeÀejCeeled Heg©<esCe nefJe<ee nefJeYet&lesve osJee

Fvêeo³eë ³eLee ³e%eced DelevJele efJemleeefjleJevleë ~ leLee ³eesefieveesçefHe Heg©<esCewJeece=leYetlesve oerefHelesveelcevee

Deelce³e%eb meceefOeke=ÀleJevleë ~ De$e ³e%es Jemevleë De-ep³eceemeerled ûeer<ceë FOceë Mej×efJeefjefle ~ Flej³eeies

JemevleMeyosve meeeflJekeÀes iegCe G®³eles ~ ûeer<ceMeyosve jepemeë ~ Mej®íyosve leecemeë ~ $e³ees efn

iegCeemle$eelce³e%es ³eesefieves peg»leerefle ~~14~~


cenerOej Yee<³e :- ³eled ³eoe YetJeexkeÌle¬eÀcesCe osJeMejerjs<eg melceg osJeeë GÊejme=efäefmeOÐeLex

yeeïeêJ³em³eeveglHe3VelJesve Heg©<emJeªHecesJe cevemee nefJeädJesve mebkeÀuH³e Heg©<esCe Heg©<eeK³esve nefJe<ee ceevemeb

³e%ecelevJeleeleefve<ele leoeveercem³e ³e%em³e Jemevleë $eÝlegjsJeep³eceemeerled ~ Deep³elJesve mebkeÀefuHeleJevle

Fle³eLe&ë ~ SJeb ûeer<ceë FOceë Deemeerled ~ ûeer<cecesJesOcelJesve mebkeÀefuHeleJevleë ~ leLee Mejled nefJeë Deemeerled ~

MejocesJe Hegjes[eMeeefonefJeädJesve mebkeÀefuHeleJevleë ~ HetJe& Heg©<em³e nefJeë meeceev³eªHeleJesve mebkeÀuHeë Devevlejb

Jemevleeoerveeceep³eeefoefJeMes<eªHelJesve mebkeÀuHe Fefle êäJ³eced ~ (1) leleë lemceeÐe%eeefoefle (6) efleñeë

¬eÀcesCewJe ~ leleë meHleem³eemeefVeefle (15) ¬eÀceesçHesef#eleë ~~14~~

HeáeoMeer

meHleem³eemevHeefjOe³eefñeëmeHle meefceOeë ke=Àleeë ~

osJee ³eÐe%eb levJeevee DeyeOe´vHeg©<eb HeMegced ~~15~~

DeJeì Yee<³e :- meHleem³eemeved ~ meHle Dem³e Deemeved HeefjOe³eë ef$eëmeHle meefceOeë ke=Àleeë ~ osJeeë ³eled ³e%eced

levJeeveeë DeyeOe´ved Heg©<eced HeMegced ~ osJee Fvêeo³eë ³eLee ³e%eb Heg©<ecesOeeK³eb efJemleej³evleë Heg©<eb HeMegced

DeyeOe´ved nveJevleë Dem³e Heg©<ecesOe³e%em³e meHle mecegêeë HeefjOe³eë Deemeved ~ Yeejles efn Je<ex ³eeieë ÒeJele&ves ~

ef$eëmeHle ívoebefme iee³e$³eeoerefve meefceOeë ke=Àleeë Deelce³eeies HeefjefOeMeyosve He=efLeJ³eeHemlespeesJee³egjekeÀeMeb

ceveesyegef×efjl³esles HeefjOe³eë keÀuH³evles ~ ef$eëmeHle meefceOeë ~ HeáeceneYetleeefve He=efLeJ³eeoerefve ~ Heáelevcee$eeefCe

ªHeeoerefve ~ Heáe yeg×erefvê³eeefCe ÞesVeeoerve ~ Heáe keÀceXefvê³eeefCe HeeC³eeoerefve ceve½e Sleeë ef$eëmeHele meefceOeë

keÀuHe³eefvle ~ leLee osJee oerH³eceevee %eevesve ³eesefieveë meceeO³eeK³eb ³e%eb levJeevee efJemleej³evleë ~ Heg©<eb %eeveb

Heg©<ecesOeHeMegªHesCeeJeefmLeleced DeyeOe´ved Deie=Úved ~~15~~

cenerOej Yee<³e :- ³eled ³eoe osJeeë ÒepeeHeefleÒeeCesefvê³eªHeeë ³e%eb levJeeveeë ceevemeb ³e%eb kegÀJee&Cee~ Heg©<eb

HeMegceyeOe´ved efJejeìdHeg©<ecesJe HeMeglJesve YeeefJeleJevleë ~ SleosJeeefYeÒesl³e HetJex (14) Heg©<esCe nefJe<esl³egkeÌleced ~

leoe mebkeÀefuHelem³e ³e%em³e meHle iee³e$³eeoerefve ívoebefme HeefjOe³e~ Deemeved SsefäkeÀm³eenJeveer³em³e $e³e~

HeefjOe³e DeewÊejJesefokeÀeë $e³eë Deeefol³eë meHleceë HeefjefOeë ÒeefleefveefOe©Heë leLee ®e Þegefleë `iegHl³ew Jee DeefYeleë

HeefjOe³ees YeJevl³eLewlelmet³e&cesJe HegjmleeêesHleejb keÀjesefle` Fefle ~ lele Sles Deeefol³emeefnleeë meHle HeefjOe³ees$e

meHle®ívoesªHeeë ~ ef$eëmeHle ef$eiegCeeë meHele SkeÀefJeMeeflemebK³eekeÀeë meefceOeë ke=Àleeë `ÜeoMe ceemeeë

Heáele&Jeñe³e Fces ueeskeÀe DemeeJeeefol³eë` Sles SkeÀefJebMeeflejskeÀefJebMeefleoe©³egkeÌlesOcelJesve YeeefJeleeë ~ ³eÜe meHle

mecegêeë #eerjesoeo³eesçm³e ³e%em³e HeefjOe³eë Deemeved ~ YeejleKeC[s ³eeiee YeJevleerefle mecegêeCeeb HeefjefOelJeced ~


ef$eë ef$eiegCee~ meHle OevoesJeiee&ë meefceOeë ke=Àleeë iee³e_³eeoerefve meHle Deeflepeiel³eeoerefve meHle ke=Àl³eeoerefve

meHlesefle ~~15~~

<ees[Meer

³e%esve ³e%ece³epevle osJeemleeefve Oeceee|Ce ÒeLeceev³eemeved ~

les n veekebÀ ceefnceeveë me®evle ³e$e HetJex meeO³eeë meefvle osJeeë ~~16~~

DeJeìYee<³e :- ³e%esve ³e%eced ~ ³e%esve ³e%eced De³epevle osJeeë leeefve Oecee&efCe ÒeLeceeefve Deemeved ~ les n veekeÀced

ceefnceeveë me®evle ³e$e HetJex meeO³eeë meefvele osJeeë ~ ³eLee Fvêeo³ees osJeeë ³e%esve p³eesefleäesceeK³esve ³e%eHeg©<eb

JeemegosJeced efJeefOevee De³epevle ~ ³eleë leeefve ³epeveªHeeefCe Oecee&efCe ÒeLeceeefve Deemeved les n ceneYeei³e³egkeÌleeë

veekebÀ me®evle mJeie¥ mesJevles ~ ³e$e HetJex meeO³eeë ÒeLeces megjeë meefvle efJeÐevles osJeeë lespemee osoerH³eceeveeë ~ SJeb

³eesefieveesçefHe oerHeveeÎsJee ³e%esve meceeefOevee veeje³eCeeK³eb %eeveªHeced De³epevle ~ ³eleë leeefve meceeefOeªHeeefCe

Oecee&efCe ÒeLeceev³eemeved les leg veekebÀ mevekeÀeoerveeb mLeeveb ie®íefvle ~ ³es leg ³eesefievees cenefceeveë

pevceevlejwefve&Oet&leiegCeeë Meg×eë les veeje³eCeeK³eb Heg©<eceeefJeMeefvle ~ cegefkeÌleb ie®ívleerl³eLe& ~ ~~16~~

cenerOej Yee<³e :- HetJe&ÒeHeáeveeskeÌleceLe¥ mebef#eH³een ~ osJeeë ÒepeeHeefleÒeeCeªHee ³e%esve ³eLeeskeÌlesve ceevemesve

mebkeÀuHesve ³e%esve ³e%eb ³e%emJeªHeb ÒepeeHeeflece³epevle HetefpeleJevleë ~ lemceelHetpeveeled leeefve Òeefme×eefve Oecee&efCe

peieêtHeefJekeÀejeCeeb OeejkeÀeefCe ÒeLeceeefve cegK³eeefve Yetleeefve Deemeved ~ SleeJelee me=efäÒeefleHeeokeÀmetkeÌleYeeieeLe&

GkeÌleë ~ DeLeesHeemevelelHeÀueevegJeeokeÀYeeieeLe&ë mebie=¿eles ~ ³e$e ³eefmceefvJejeìdÒeeefHleªHes veekesÀ HetJex meeO³eeë

Hegjeleveeë efJeje[gHeeefOemeeOekeÀeë osJeeë meefvle efleäefvle leb veekebÀ efJejeìdÒeeefHleªHeb mJeie¥ n SJe les ceefnceeveë

leogHeemekeÀe cenelceeveë me®evle me®evles meceJe³eefvle ÒeeHlegJeefvle ~ De[YeeJe Dee<e&ë ~ me=äsë ÒeJeenefvel³eleeb

OeMe&³eefle ~ leogkeÌleced `met³ee&®evêcemeew Oeelee ³eLeeHetJe&cekeÀuHe³eled` Fefle ~~16~~


BLOK -II / UNIT - IV

meb. Hee. -

DeYeerJelexve ceefCevee ³esvesvoesve DeefYeJeeJe=Oes~

lesveem³eevJe´ïeCemHelesefYe jeäê³e JeOe&³es~~1~~

He.Hee. -

DeefYeçJelexve ~ ceefCevee ~ ³esve ~ Fvês: ~ DeefYeçJe®eOes ~~

lesve ~ Demceeved ~ yeńdæ{: ~ Heles ~ DeefYe ~ jeäê³e ~ JeOe&³e~~1~~

MeyoeLe& - DeYeerJelexve - ®eejeW lejHeÀ DeÒeeflenle ieefle mes Ietceves, ceefCevee - ceefCe mes, ³esve - efpememes, Fvê: - Fvê,

DeefYeJeeJe=Oes - meËo³e, lesve - Gmemes, Demceeved - nce ueesieeW keÀes, ye´ïeCemHeles - ns ....., jeäê³e - jeä^ keÀer

mece=ef× kesÀ efueS, DeefYe JeOe&³e - mece=× keÀjes~

mee. Yee. - ³esve mece=ef×meeOevelJesve Òeefme×sve DeYeerJelexve~ DeefYelees Jele&les ®e¬eÀced Devesvesefle DeefYeJeleex vesefYe:~ Je=leg

Jele&ves~ Demceeled ’DekeÀle&efj ®e keÀejkesÀ meb%ee³eeced“ (Hee.met. 3.3.16) Fefle keÀjCes He_ed~ GHemeie&m³e Ie_³eceveg<³es

yengueced (Hee.met. 6.3.122) Fefle oerIe&:~ LeLeIe_keÌleepe%eef$ekeÀeCeeced (Hee.met. 6.2.144) Fefle

GÊejHeoevleesoeÊelJeced~ De$e keÀe³ex keÀejCeMeyo:~ ®e¬eÀvesefceefveefce&lees ceefCe:~ ³eÜe DeefYele: meJe&le: Hejjeäêoew

DeÒeeflenleieefle Jele&les Heg©<e Fefle DeYeesJeeJe=Oes - DeefYele: meJe&le: ÒeJe=×esçYegled~

Hejcewée³eexHesleefKeueeskeÀerHeefleye&YetJesl³eLe&:~ Je=Oeg Je=×ew~ Demceeled efueefì legpeeoerveeb oerIeexçY³eemem³e (Hee.met.

6.1.7) Fl³eYeemem³e oerIe&:~ Òel³e³emJejsCe DevleesoeÊel³eced~ ³eodJe=ÊeeefVel³eced (Hee.met. 8.1.66) Fefle

efveIeeleÒeefle<esOe:~ ns ye´ïeCemHeles JesojeMesjefOeHeles ...HeefleHeg$e (Hee.met. 8.3.53) Fefle efJemepe&veer³em³e melJeced~

megJeeceeqv$eles Heje²Jeled mJejs (Hee.met.2.1.2) Fefle <eÿîevlem³e Heje²JeÓeJeeled <eÿîeeceeqv$elemecegoe³em³e

Deeceeqv$elem³e ®e (Hee.met. 8.1.18) Fefle DeDeäefcekebÀ meJee&vegoelelelJeced~ Slelme%ekeÀ osJe lesve

YeeieefoefjleceefnceesHeslesve ceefCevee Demceeled Me$egefYe: Heeref[leeved jeäê³e~ leeoL³ex ®elegLeea~ mJejeäêefYeJe=×îeLe&ced


keÀefjlegjieOeveeefoefYe: mece=×eved kegÀ©~ lJelÒemeeoeled mece=×sjmceeYeer jef#eleb jeä^b Me$egYe³ejefnleb ³eLee DeefYeJe=×b YeJeefle

leLee kegÀ© Fl³eLe&:~~

efnvoer DevegJeeo - ®eejeW lejHeÀ (DeÒeeflenle ieefle mes) IetcevesJeeueer efpememes Fvê Je[e ngDee nw, ye´ïeCemHeefle, Gme

(ceefCe) mes nceueesiees keÀes jeä^ (keÀer mece=ef×) kesÀ efue³es Je{eDees~

English Trans.- With the all conquering ampoul (maëi), with which

the sick patient (Indra) gains strength, O Lord of Sciences

(knowledge), may you strengthen us for the sake of our nation.

Note - DeYeerJelexve - uå with DeefYe to go towards. Säyaëa takes it to mean

‘rim’ DeefYelees Jele&les ®e¬eÀced Devesvesefle DeceerJeleex vesefYe:. He also proposes an alternative

explanation -Deefcele: meJe&le: Hejjeäeoew DeÒeeflenleieefle JeÊe&les Devesve Heg©<e Fefle DeYeerJeleex ceefCe:. Second

syllable is lengthed (Ath,prat. III.12; GHemeie&m³e Ieáeceveg<³es yengueced - Päë. VI

3.122). Compounds having in Ie_ed etc. as second member, accent

the final syllable or the second member (LeeLeIe_keÌleepeye$ekeÀeCeeced- Päë.

VI.2.144) DeefYeJeeJe=Oes - DeefYe + uådh ‘to grow’. perf. 3rd. sing.; not

unaccent because preceded by ³esve (³eod Je=Êeeefvlel³eced -Päë., VIII.1.66);

reduplicated by syllable is lengthened (legpoerveeb oerIeexçY³eemem³e - Päë. VI.1.7).

ÅV. (X.174.1) has DeefYeJeeJe=Êes instead of DeefYeJeeJe=Oes. ceefCevee - ÅV. reads nefJe<ee for

ceefCevee ye´ïeCemHeles -For accent see ogefnleefo&Je: (ÅV.I.48.1).

meb. Hee. -

DeefYeJe=l³e meHelveeveefYe ³ee vees Dejele³e:.

DeefYe He=lev³evleb efleÿeefYe ³ees vees ogjm³eefle~~2~~

He.Hee. -

DeefYeçJe=l³e ~ meçHelveeved ~ DeefYe ~ ³ee: ~ ve: ~ Dejele³e:~

DeefYe ~ He=lev³evleced ~ efleÿ ~ DeefYe ~ ³ee: ~ ve: ~ ogjm³eefle ~~2~~


MeyoeLe& - DeefYeJe=l³e - ®eejeW lejHeÀ mes Iesj keÀj, meHelveeved - ÒeefleHeef#e³eeW keÀes, DeefYe - ®eejeW lejHeÀ mes (Iesj keÀj),

³ee: - pees, vej: - nceejs, Dejele³e: - keÀceer oeve ve osvesJeeueeW keÀes, DeefYe - ®eejeW lejHeÀ mes (Iesj keÀj),

He=lev³evleced - ³eg× keÀer F®íe keÀjvesJeeues keÀes, DeefYeefleÿ -Hejeefpele keÀjes, DeefYe - Hejeefpele keÀjes, ³e: - pees, ve:

- ncekeÀes, ogjm³eefle - ogJ³e&Jenej keÀjlee nw~

mee. Yee. - ns DeefYeJeÊe& ceves lJeb meHelveeved ~ meHelveerJe meHelvee menpeMe$eJe:~ Demceoer³eebmleeved Me$egved DeefYeJe=l³e

DeefYecegKeb He³ee&Je=l³e efleÿsefle - Je#³eceeCeef¬eÀ³ee De$eeefHe mecyeO³eles lJecesJe ÒeefleHe#eer YetlJee leevkegÀ© Fl³eLe&:~ leLee

³ee: ve: DemceekeÀced Dejele³e: Deoeleej: Demceoer³eb jeä^OeveeefokeÀced DeHeËl³e Mee$eJeb kegÀJee&Cee Jee¿ee: Me$eJe:

leeveefHe~ DeefYeFl³egHemeie&ÞeJeCeeled efleÿefle mebyevOe:~ DeefYecegKeb efleÿ~ leLee He=lev³evleced ³eg×eLe& He=leveeb -mesveeced

Deelceve F®ívleced~ He=leveeMeyoeled megHe Deelceve: keÌ³e®ed (Hee.met.3.1.8) Fefle keÌ³e®ed~ keÀJ³eOJejHe=levem³eef®e& ueesHe:

(Hee.met.7.4.36)~ Fl³eekeÀjueesHe:~ ³eg×esvecedgKeceefHe Me$egved DeefYeefleÿ~ leLee ³e: Me$eg: ve: DemceekebÀ ogjm³eefle

ogäced DeefYe®eejeefoªHe #egêb keÀce& keÀÊeg&ced F®íefle ~ ogjm³egê&efJeCem³egJe=&<ev³eefle efj<eC³eefle~ leLeeefJeOeceefHe Me$egced

DeefYeefleÿ~ MeeqHleHees: efHeÊJeeod DevegoeÊelJes keÌ³e®mJejsCe ceO³eesoeÊced~ ³eÜ=ÊeefVe³eced (Hee.met.8.1.66) Fefle

efveIeeleÒeefle<esOe:~~

efnvoer DevegJeeo - efJeHeef#e³eeW keÀes ®eejeW lejHeÀ mes Iesj keÀj, pees ncekeÀes veneR osvesJeeues nw (GvekeÀes Yeer IesjkeÀj) leLee

pees ncemes) ³eg× keÀer F®íe keÀjves Jeeues nw( GvekeÀes Yeer Iesj keÀj) Hejeefpele keÀjes, pees ncemes ogJ³eJenej keÀjlee nw

(GmekeÀes Yeer Hejeefpele keÀjes)~

English Trans. Conquering our rivals, conquering those enemies

who do not pay our dues, and conquering those who invade us,

may you defeat him who reviles us.

Notes - DeefYeJe=l³e - Gerund in ³e from DeefYe + uå to turn +u³eHed; Säyaëa

takes it here to mean DeefYecegKeb He³ee&Je=l³e, but in the Ågveda (X.174.2) he

understands it as Deefcelees ieceef³elJe; Whitney takes it to mean ‘rolling-over’.

He=lev³evleced - Him who desire to gight; derived from the stem He=levee with the

suffix keÌJe®ed (³e) causing the final.


meb.Hee. -

DeefYe lJe osJe: meefJeleeefYe meescees DeJeerJe=Oeled~

DeefYe lJee efJeéee Yetleev³eefYeJeelees ³eLeemeefme~~3~~

He.Hee. -

DeefYe ~ lJe ~ osJe: meefJelee ~ DeefYe ~ meesce: ~ DeJeerJe=Oeled ~

DeefYe ~ lJee ~ efJeéee ~ Yetleeefve ~ DeefYeçJele&: ~ ³eLee ~ Demeefme~~3~~

MeyoeLe& - lJee - legcekeÀes, osJe: - osJe, meefJelee - meefJele, meesce: - meesce, DeefYe DeJeerJe=Oeled - ®eejeW lejHeÀ mes

mece=× efkeÀ³ee nw, DeefYe - ®eejeW lejHeÀ mes (mece=× efkeÀ³ee nw), lJee - legcekeÀes, efJeéee - mecHetCe&, Yetleeefve - ÒeeefCe³eeW

ves, DeYeerJe³e&: - ®eejeW lejHeÀ OetcevesJeeues, ³eLee - efpememes, Demeefme - ³eves ³enes~

mee. Yee. - ns ceves lJee lJeeb osJe: ÐeesleveelcekeÀ: meefJelee meJe&m³e ÒeeefCepeelem³e ÒesjkeÀ: Slelmeb%ekeÀes osJe:~ DeefYe

Fl³egHemeie&ÞeJeCeeod DeJeerJe=Oeled Fefle ef¬eÀ³ee De$eeefHe mebJeO³eles~ DeY³eJeerJe=Jeled - DeefYele: mece=×ced DekeÀe<eealed~ Je=Oeg

Je=×ew~ Demceeled C³evleeled ue=*ef* ®eef[ iegCes ÒeeHles efvel³eb ívoefme (Hee.met. 7.4.8) Fefle GHeIe$eÝJeCe&m³e

$eÝkeÀejeosMe:~ leLee meescees osJe: Dey³eJeerJe=<eled~ J³eJeefnlee½e (Hee.Met.1.4.82) Fefle GHemeie&m³e

J³eJeefnleÒe³eesie:~ leLee ns ceCes lJee lJee efJeéee -efJeéeeefve, efveefKeueeefve~ MesMíveoefmeyengueced (Hee.met.6.1.70)

Fefle MesueexHe:~ Yeerleeefve YeJeefvle meÊee ueYevle Fefle Yetleeefve ®eje®ejelcekeÀeefve~ keÌleesçefOekeÀjves ®e

Oe´esJ³eieefleÒel³eJemeeveeLe&YeDeeîe: (Hee.met.3.4.74) Fefle YeJeles: keÀLe7efj keÌle Ò³e&³e:~ GHemeie&ÞeJeCeeod De$eeefHe

Òeke=Àleef¬eÀ³eemebyevOe:~ DeY³eJeerJe=Oeled~ DeefYeJeOe&vee efJeef<eied Deen ³eLee ³esve ÒekeÀejsCe ns ceCes lJeced DeefYeJele&:

lJe×ejef³eleg: Heg©<em³e DeefYele: mJejeä^Hejjeä^oew Jele&vemeeOeveYetle: Demeefme YeJeefme leLee lJeeced DeJeerJe=Oeled Fefle

HetJexCe mebJevOe:. DemeYegefJe~ yengueb ívoefme (Hee.met.2.4.73) Fefle MeHees uegieYeeJe:~ ³eeJeÐeLeeY³eeced

(Hee.met.8.1.36) Fefle efveIeeleÒeefle<esOe:~~

efnvoer DevegJeeo - meefJele= osJe ves legcekeÀes ®eejeW lejHeÀ mes mece=× efkeÀ³ee nw, meesce ves legcekeÀes ®eejeW lejHeÀ mes mece=×

efkeÀ³ee nw, mecHeCe& ÒeeefCe³eeW ves legcekeÀes ®eejeW lejHeÀ mes mece=× efkeÀ³ee ns, leeefkeÀ legce ®eejeW lejHeÀ IetcevesJeeues Jeves jnes~

English Trans.- The Divene Creator Lord has strengthened you

and so has the Blissfull Lord. All the elements have strengthened

you so that you have become all conquering.


Notes - DeJeerJe=Oeled - uådh ‘to grow’, red-aorist, 3rd. sing. ÅV. reads

DeJe=Je=leled for Demeefme - as ‘to be’ pres. subju.2nd sing; not unaccented

because preceded by ³eLee (³eeJeLeeLeeY³eeced -Päë. VIII.1.36)

meb. Hee. -

DeefYeJeleex DeefYeYeJe: meHelve#e³eCees ceefCe:~

jeäê³e ce¿eb yeO³eleeb meHelvesY³e: HejeYegJes~~4~~

He.Hee. -

DeefYeçJele&: ~ DeefYeçYeJe: ~ meHelveç#e³eCe: ~ ceefCe:~

jeäê³e ~ ce¿eced ~ JeO³eeleeced ~ meçHelvesY³e: ~ HejeçYegJes~~4~~

MeyoeLe& - DeefYeJele&: - JeejeW lejHeÀ IetcevesJeeueer, DeYeYeJe: -Hejeefpele keÀjvesJeeueer, meHelve#e³eCe: - efJeHeef#e³eeW

keÀe mebnej keÀjvesJeeueer, ceefCe: - ceefCe, jeäê³e - jeä^ keÀer mece=ef× kesÀ efue³es, ce¿eced - cesjs ceW, yeO³eleeced - IeIes,

meHelvesY³e: - efJeHeeqkeÌn³eeW keÀes, HejeYegJes - Hejeefpele keÀjves kesÀ efue³es~

mee.Yee. - DeefYeJele: - DeefYeJele&vemeeOevemetle:~ le$e nslegced Deen - DeefYeYeJe: Me$egCeeced DeefYeYeefJelee~ DeefYeYeJeveb

efJeefMeveefä - meHelve#e³eCe: He meHelveeveeb Yeéle=J³eeJ³eeCeeb #e³ekeÀj:~ ³ele SJeced Dele: DeefYeJele& Fl³eLe&:

lee¢MeesceefCe: ce¿eced~ cece yeO³eleeced~ yevOe yevOeves~ keÀce&efCe ueesìd~ ceefCeyevOeveÒe³eespeveced een - jeäê³e

jeäêefYeJe=×³es~ le³ee meHelvesY³e:~ HetJe&Jeled~ <eÿîeLe& ®elegLeea~ Yeéle=J³eeCeeb HejeYegJes HejeYeJevee³e HejeHetJee&od YeJeles:

mebHeoeefoue#eCees YeeJes eqkeÌJeHed~ yeO³eceeveesç³eb ceefCe: HetJe¥ Me$egefYe: Heeref[lem³e mJejeä^m³e DeefYeJe=ef×b JeeOekeÀeveeb

Me$egCeeb veeMeveb ®e keÀjesleg Fl³eLe&:~~

efnvoer DevegJeeo - ®eejeWlejHeÀ IetcevesJeeueer, Hejeefpele keÀjvesJeeueer leLee efJeHeef#e³eeW keÀe mebnej keÀjvesJeeueer ceefCe, jeä^

(keÀer mece=ef×) kesÀ efue³es leLee efJeHeef#e³eeW keÀes Hejeefpele keÀjves kesÀ efue³es cesjs ceW JebOes~

English Trans. - All conquering, all-subduing and the destoryer of

rivals, let this music (of mine) be injected with the fluid from and


ampoule. These vaccines are in our nations interest. They are the

cures against epidemic disasters.

Notes - JeO³eleeced - bandh ‘to bind’ passive, impv. 3rd. sing HejeYegJes - From

bhü with prefix Heje ‘to perish’, dative infinitive in S.

meb.Hee. -

Gomeew met³eez Deieeogefoob ceecekebÀ Je®e:~

³eLeenb Me$egnesmeev³emeHe#e: meHelvene~~5~~

He.Hee. -

Gled ~ Demeew~ met³e&: ~ Deieeled ~ Gled ~ Foced ~ ceecekeÀced ~ Je®e:~~

³elee ~ Denced ~ Me$egçn: ~ Demeeefve ~ DemeHelve: ~ meHelveçne ~~5~~

MeyoeLe& - Demeer - ³en, met³e&: - met³e&, Gled Deieeled - THej ie³ee nw, Gled - THej, Foced - ³en, ceecekeÀced - cesje,

Je®e: - ceve´, ³eLee - efpeme ÒekeÀej, Denced - ceW, Me$egn: - Me$eg keÀes ceejvesJeeuee, Demeeefve - nesTB, DemeHelve: -

efJevee ÒeefleHe#eer keÀe, meHelvene - ÒeefleÜvoer keÀes ceejvesJeeuee~

mee.Yee. - Demeew veYees ceC[ues Heefj¢M³eceeve: met³e&: meJe&m³e ÒeeCeerpeelem³e ÒesjkeÀes osJe:~ jepemet³emet³e&

(e.met.3.1.114) Fl³eeefovee keÌ³eefHe efveHeel³eles~ Goieeled GefoleJeeved FCed ieleew~ FCees iee uegef*

(Hee.met.2.4.45) Fefle ieeosMe:~ ieeeflemLee (Hee.met.2.4.77) Fefle efme®ees uegkedÀ~ efkebÀ®e ceecekeÀced ceoer³eced

Foced DeOegvees®®ee³e&ceeCeb Je®e: Deelcevees pe³eeMebmeelcekebÀ Me$etCeeced DeefYeYeJeÒeefleHeeokebÀ ®e JeekeÌ³eced~ ³eÜe pe³eesÎsMesve

Òe³egp³eceeveb cev$eelcekebÀ JeekeÌ³eced~ Gled Fefle GHemeie&ÞeJeCeeled Òeke=Àleef¬eÀ³eemebyevOe:~ Goieeled ~ ceecekeÀced Fefle ~

Demce®íyoeled lem³esoced (Hee.met. 4.3.120) Fle³eCed~ leJekeÀcecekeÀeJeskeÀJe®eves (Hee.met.4.3.3.) Fl³emceoes

cecekeÀeosMe:~ met³e¥efo³em³e JeeiJ³eJenejm³e ®e Òeefmeefoleb melJesçefHe efJeMes<elemlelkeÀLevem³e Òe³eespeveced Deen - Denced

DeefYeJele&ceefCeOeejkeÀ: ³eLee ³esve ÒekeÀejsCe (Me$egn: Me$egCeeb nvlee Demeeefve-YeeJeefve~ nve efnbmeeiel³ees:~ DeeefMeef<e

nve: (Hee.met~ 3.2.46) Fefle [Òel³e³e:~ Demlesueexefì Dee[gÊecem³e efHe®®e (Hee.met.3.4.82) Fefle Dee[eiecee~

³eeyeÐesLeeY³eeced (Hee.met.8.1.36) Fefle efveIeeleÒeefle<esOe:~ efceefHe efHelJeeod DevegoeÊJes Deeiecee DevegoeÊee: (Hee.ce.

3.1.3) Fefle DeeìesçefHe DevegoelelJes OeelegmJejsCe DeeÐeoeÊelJeced~ ³eLee- Denced SJeb YeJeeefve lelee Goieeod Fefle

HetJexCe mebyevOe:~ ceefCeÒeYeeJeeled DeÐelevemet³eexo³e: DeOegveeÒe³egp³eceeveJe®e½e Me$egnveveevegketÀueced DeYegod Fl³eLe&:~ ³ele


SJeced Dele: Denced DemeHelve: Me$egjefnle SJe~ ³eefo ®e meHelvee YeJes³egmleefn& meHelvene meHelveeveeb Me$etCeeb nvlee

Deeqmce~ nvles: eqkeÌJeHed ®e (Hee.met. 3.2.73) Fefle eqkeÌJeHed~~

efnvoer DevegJeeo - ³en met³e& THej ®euee ie³ee nw, cesje ³en cev$e (Yeer) THej (ie³ee nw), leeefkeÀ ceW Me$eg keÀes ceejves

Jeeuee, ÒeefleÎer-jefnle leLee ÒeefleÜefvo³eeW keÀes ceejves Jeeuee nesTB~

English Trans. - Lo, the sunhas gone uphigh and high has gone

up thisword (väcas) of mine, so that I may be slayer of enemies,

slayer of rivals, no rival would be spared from my side.

Notes - De²eled - gä ‘to go’, ‘root’-aorist, 3rd. sing. Demeeefve - as ‘to be’,

pres, subjn, 1st sing., not unaccented because preceded by ³eLee,

DemeHelve: - Having no rival i.e. without enemy; Bahuvréhi compd.

accented on the second member (vecmegY³eeced - Päë. VI.2.172).

mebHee. -

meHelve#e³eCees Ie=<eeefYejeä^es efJe<eemeefn:~

³eLeences<eeb JeerjeCeeb efJejepeeefve pevem³e ®e~~6~~

He.Hee. -

meHelveç#e³eCe:~ Je=<ee ~ DeefYeçjeä^:~ efJeçmemeefn:~~

³eLee ~ Denced ~ S<eeced ~ efJejeCeeced ~ efJeçjepeeefve ~ pevem³e ~ ®e ~~6~~

MeyoeLe& - meHelve#e³eCe: - ÒeefleÜvoer keÀes veä keÀjvesJeeuee, Je=<ee - F®íe keÀes Hetje keÀjvesJeeuee, DeefYejeä^: - DeHeves

meeceL³e& mes jeä^ keÀes HeevesJeeuee~ efJememeefn: - peerlevesJeeuee, ³eLee - efpeme ÒekeÀej, Denced - cesb, S<eeced - Fve

Me$egDeeW kesÀ, JeerjeCeeced - JeerjeW keÀe, efJejepeeefve - Meemeve keÀ©B, pevem³e - DeHeveer ÒepeeDeeW keÀe, ®e - Deewj~

mee.Yee. - GÊejJeekeÌ³es ³eLesefle ÞeJeCeeled HetJe&JeekeÌ³esçefHe DeLee&led leLesl³eO³eeefÛ³eles~ meHelve#e³eCe: meHelveeveeb Me$etCeeb

veeMekeÀ:)~ ef#e #e³es~ veefvoûeefnHe®eeefoY³e: (Hee.met.3.1.134) Fefle keÀÊe&elu³egÒel³e³e:~ Dele: Je=<ee Òepeeveeced


FäHeÀuem³e Je<e&keÀ:~ Je=<e mes®eves keÀefvev³egJe=ef<e (Hee.G.1.154) Fl³eeefovee keÀefVeÒel³e³e:~ Dele SJe DeefYejeä^:-

mJejeä^b Hejmeä^b ®e DeefYeiele: DeefOeHeeflelJesve ÒeeHle:~ Del³eeo³e: keÀevleeÐeLex efÜleer³e³ee (HeeJee. 1.4.71.2) Fefle

Òeeefomeceeme:~ Delees efJe<eemeefn: efJeefJeOeb Hegve: Hegve: Hejs<eeb mees{e DeefYeYeefJelee~ Jen DeefYeYeJes~ Demceeod ³e*vleeled

meefnJeefn®eefueHeefleY³ees ³e*dvlesY³e: efkeÀefkeÀveew JekeÌleJ³ees (HeeJee. 3.2.171.2) Fefle efkeÀÒel³e³e:~

DeleesueesHe³eueesHeew~ ceefCeOeejkeÀ: ³eLee ³esve ÒekeÀejsæ{ S<eeced Me$egmebyeefvOeveeb HetJe&ced Deelcevees JeeOekeÀeveeb JeerjeCeeced

Me$egYeìeveeb pevem³emJekeÀer³em³e HejkeÀer³em³e ÒeeefCepeelem³e ®e efJejepeeefve~ jepeeflejwée³e&keÀcee&~ efve³evlee YeJeeefve~

leLesefle HetJexCe mebyevOe: GoerefjleiegCeesHesle: meved ceefCeÒeYeeJeeled Me$egÒeYe=leerveeb meJexneb Meeefmelee YeJeeceerefle YeeJe:~ ³eÜe

GkeÌleiegCeesHesle: meved Denb JeerjeCeeb pevem³e ®e ³eLee efJejepeeefve ns ceCes lJelÒeYeeJeeled lelee Yet³eemeced Fefle Mes<e:~~

efnvoer DevegJeeo - ÒeefleÜvoer keÀes veä keÀjvesJeeuee, (ÒepeeDeeW keÀer) F®®ee keÀes Hegje keÀjvesJeeuee, jeÔì^ keÀes meeceL³e&

mes ÒeeHle keÀjvesJeeuee leLee peerlevesJeeuee (nesTB), leeefkeÀ ceW (Me$egHe#e kesÀ) Fve JeerjeW keÀe leLee (DeHeves SJeb Heje³es)

ueesieeW keÀe MeemekeÀ Jevet~

English Trans.- May I be destroyer of rivals, full of strength,

conqueror of Nation and having sway over subjects, so that I may

rule over these heroes. (Vérän) or brave sons and the people.

Notes - efJe<eemeefn: - Victorious; derived from the perfect base sash ‘to

conquer’+ F is a noun-making termination. The red. syllable is

lengthend, efJejepeeefve - efJe + räj ‘to rule over’. subju.1st. sing; not

unaccented because preceded by ³eLee~

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