master mo’s tae kwon do handbook · training handbook - revised: july 2006 page 5 of 53 2.0...

Training Handbook - Revised: July 2006 of 53

Master Mo’s Tae Kwon Do

HandbookThe target audience for this document is Mo’s Tae Kwon Do club members.Any reproductions are forbidden without the written permission of the publisher, Master Mo Shahmirzadi. Mo’s Tae Kwon Do Club is registered with USA Taekwondo, Club #3615


Table of Contents1. Biography of the Master2. Association with WTF and USAT3. New Students Training Fees and Forms4. Rules of the Dojang

a. Etiquette and formalityb. Student Codes of Conduct

5. Colored belt ranking and promotion systema. Belt definitions and meaningsb. Belt requirementsa. Beginner students - Ranking Requirementsb. Intermediate students - Ranking Requirementsc. Advanced students - Ranking Requirementsd. Testing materialse. Terminologies, definitions, and concepts

6. Basic Terminologies and Meanings – Test Materials 7. Basic Techniques Training

a. Punches (chi-gi)b. Kicks (cha-gi)c. Blocks (maggi)d. Stances (sogi)e. Meditation ((Jongsin-tongil)f. Tips for performing basic techniques

8. Forms (Poomse) Traininga. Kicho1-3b. Taegeuk1-8c. Palgwe1-8d. Eight-Step Exercise Set 1-8e. Scoring Merits in Formsf. Rules and Tips for performing poomseg. Descriptions of the Principles of Taegeuk Poomse

9. Tae Kwon Do – A Recognized Olympics Sporta. Olympic Style Sparring (Kyorugi) Practicesb. WTF Safety Rules and Protective Gearsc. WTF Rules for Competition Sparringd. Contact Penaltiese. Attacking Skills in Sparringf. Counter Attack Skillsg. Footwork (Gitgi)h. Drills and trainingi. Strategies and Psychologyj. Referee Hand signalsk. Sparring scoring tips

10. Self-Defense (Hosinsool) Traininga. Dojang Hosinsool rules


b. Self-Defense Drill Patternsc. Scoring tips and Do’s and don’ts

11. Board Breaking (Kyuk pah) - Popular Techniques12. Black Belt Requirements Promotion and Expectations

a. Black Belt Requirements Promotionb. Black Belt definitions and meaningsc. Registered Black Beltd. Traininge. Coachingf. Refereeingg. Specializingh. Black Belt Application and Registration Requirements

APPENDIX:A. History of Tae Kwon Do

Early Tae Kwon Do HistoryB. Tae Kwon Do Terms in Korean LanguageC. Poomse Charts: Kicho


1.0 Biography of the MasterMo Shahmirzadi is a registered Fifth Dan Black Belt, certified by the World Tae Kwon Do Federation and USA TaeKwonDon. He has volunteered to teach Tae Kwon Do since 1990 at the US Tae Kwon Do Center in San Diego, Piedmont School in Northern California, and has brought Tae Kwon Do to HP Roseville since 1997, where he has trained and developed certified black belts. Master Mo has published a comprehensive training handbook and a unique academic approach to teach self-defense, internal martial arts, and Olympics style sparring competition. His combined experience and strong interpersonal communications skills enable him to coach and to connect with his students both professionally and personally. He has participated and won medals in California State Taekwondo championship, San Francisco, and Pan American tournaments. His background also includes Judo training overseas.

Master Mo also has earned a Bachelor degree in Computer Science from Southern Illinois University with over 10 years of recent work experience in high-tech industry specifically, in the field of Networking Technologies, and IT. In 1995, he was certified as a Software Architect by Rational Technologies. His accomplishments include success stories for well-known companies such as Agilent Technologies, Hewlett Packard, Unisys, and McDonald's Corporation Information Services. He also has contributed as software engineer, technical specialist, account manager, director of engineering, and competitive sales.

Club reference material can be found here: http://www.mastermoclub.com

Questions to the Master can be directed to: [email protected]


2.0 Associated with WTF and USATMster Mo’s Tae Kwon Do Club is registered with the USA Taekwondo (USAT), Club #3615. This club follows the standards set by the World Tae Kwon Do Federation.

World Tae Kwon Do Federation

The World Tae Kwon Do Federation (WTF) was officially established at the Kukkiwon , May 28, 1973, with the participation of the representatives of 35 nations, under the leadership of Dr. Un Yong Kim. At that inaugural meeting, Dr. Kim was elected President of the WTF for a four-year term. The web site for WTF is: http://www.wtf.org/

Beginning with the first World Tae Kwon Do Championships, organized by the Korean Tae Kwon Do Association and held in Seoul, Korea, May 25-27, 1973, the WTF has hosted a World Championship every year. This year’s World Championship was in Madison Square Garden in New York City.

Tae Kwon Do’s standing in the international sports arena has launched the WTF’s admission into the General Association of International Sports Federation (GAISF) – an association of all international sports organization, both Olympic and non-Olympic sports. Most importantly, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) recognized and admitted the WTF in July 1980, prior to the Moscow Olympic Games. Tae Kwon Do was featured as a Demonstration Sport in the 1988 Seoul Summer Olympics and the 1992 Barcelona Summer Olympics.

There are more than 100 member nations in WTF. The current estimate suggests that the population of Tae Kwon Do practitioners is approaching 20 million worldwide.


USA TaeKwonDo Association“Tae Kwon Do was the first introduced into the U.S. in the 1950’s. From that time, until 1973 there was a broad diversity of teaching methodologies and styles, which were brought from the six major Kwans (schools) of Tae Kwon Do in Korea. With unification initiated by the World Tae Kwon Do Federation under the leadership of Dr. Un Yong Kim, instructors in the U.S. organized and made possible the admission of Tae Kwon Do into the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) in 1974. Under that organization, all newly established technical standards, sanctioned by the World Tae Kwon Do Federation, were adopted into this official form of Tae Kwon Do in the United States. Its name was changed to the National AAU Tae Kwon Do Union of the United States (NAAUTU) on November 28, 1981, and renamed the United States Tae Kwon Do Union (USTU) on September 9, 1984. On April 7, 1984, during the House of Delegates Meeting of the U.S. Olympic Committee, the USTU was unanimously approved as a “Group A” member of the U.S. Olympic Committee. In 2005 the United States Tae Kwon Do Union was renamed as USA TaeKwonDo (USAT). The web site for USAT is: http://www.usa-taekwondo.us

Today, USAT is the national governing body for Tae Kwon Do, as well as the representative of the World Tae Kwon Do Federation in the U.S. Because of its leadership, it is fast becoming one of the largest athletic associations in the U.S. Its success is evident in the growing popularity Tae Kwon Do has experienced in the past several years.”


3.0 New Student Training Fees and FormsWe offer a first rated Tae Kwon Do and Martial Arts Sports training program, based on years of practical teaching, coaching, and tournament experience. This program has a non-refundable fee for each training cycle (three consecutive months), payable directly to the master instructor, Mo Shahmirzadi. Payments are due on the first day of each training cycle, which generally follows a promotion testing.

The collected fees will help pay for both a liability insurance, which is required for us to hold a class on the HP site, and for the Master Instructor’s time. Moreover, experience shows that students who pay for their services value the program enough not to take the training instructions and attendance for granted.

Brand new students will have a free session to try out our program, check out our website, and compare us to the competition in terms of both curriculum and training cost, before they choose to join us. We are confident that we score high as we are passionate about teaching the arts.

The following are the required forms necessary to participate and advance in the program of Mo’s Tae Kwon Do Club. These forms must be completed and turned in to Master Mo for review.


New Students Sign Up Form

Objectives and Goal

Please describe your goal and specify your top two objectives for practicing or desire to practice Tae Kwon Do?

Objective#1:

Objective#2:

Overall Goal:

Have you ever practiced Martial Arts?

What Style of Martial Arts have you ever practiced?

When was the last time you practiced?

How long did you practice?

How far did you reach?

New Students, please print this page, and the liability waiver on the next page; complete, sign, and return with your training fee to the Master Instructor to begin your training.


Informed Consent Release & WaiverMaster Mo’s Tae Kwon Do Club

I, ________________________, desire to participate in the “Master Mo’s Tae Kwon Do Club” Program. I am informed that the club operates with volunteer coaches, some of whom may be team members of former club team members.

I recognize that every club activity has a certain degree of risk. I knowingly and voluntarily assume the risk of any injuries, regardless of severity (including death) that I may incur. I further assume the risk of damage to, or loss of property, which occurs occasionally as a normal part of my participation in the club.

I certify that I have recently had a complete physical examination and have no physical disabilities, impairments, or chemical dependencies that might inhibit my participation in club activities.

I hereby release, discharge, and waive any and all responsibility of “Master Mo’s Tae Kwon Do Club”, “hpHealth Fitness Center”, and Hewlett Packard Company from and against liability for any injury (including death), and for damage to or loss of property which may be suffered by my traveling to, training for, being coached in, using any sports equipment, or participating in the above named club.

I acknowledge that when I am traveling in a vehicle to and from a club-sponsored event, I assume the risk for any bodily injuries that I may incur.

I agree to indemnify and hold harmless “HP”, “hpHealth Fitness Center”, “Mo’s Tae Kwon Do Club”, its officers, agents, and employees from and against all liability, claims, demands, action, and loss ad damage arising out of my participation in the club.

I agree to abide by all “Master Mo’s Tae Kwon Do Club” and “hpHealth Fitness Center” rules and regulations regarding any and all of my participation in this program.

I, the undersigned, am at least 18 years of age, am competent to sign this consent release and waiver and have read and understand all the provisions contained herein.

Signature: ____________________________________ Date: ________________

PRINT NAME: EMAIL:PHONE:ADDRESS:


Promotion Testing

We train about three consecutive months per cycle. Then, we test to challenge ourselves and allow a qualified judge to determine our progress. I will administer a promotion test at the end of each cycle. Students with 70% attendance will automatically qualify to test and challenge themselves for a higher rank.

Promotion is one rank at a time with the goal of high quality in mind. To pass a test, a student must score 70 points. Test application includes an additional fee, which pays for administrating the test, certification, and belt upgrades. Applications will be due at a week before the test date.


Test Application Form

Please PRINT legibly:

Name: ________________________________Requested Test Date: _____________

Address: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Phone: _____________________ Gender: ___ Birth date: ________________

**********************************************************************

TKD Information:

Current Rank: _________________ Rank Testing For: _________________

Date(s) of Past Promotions: ____________________________________________________________________________________

Date you started studying TKD: ______________

TKD Class Hours/Week: _____ TKD Home Hours/Week: _____

Other prior TKD or Martial Arts Experience:__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Belt Size: ______________ Uniform Size: _______________


4.0 Rules of the Dojang:1. The source of all truth for forms and techniques come from the Master instructor.2. Only HP employees who are current paying members of Health Fitness (HFC)

may be allowed to enter the dojang unless otherwise cleared by the Master instructor.

3. Shoes must be worn when entering and exiting the dojang.4. To show respect to the female gender each rank lineup will be lead by the

females in that ranking.

4.1 Etiquette and formalityEtiquette is an essential spirit in Tae Kwon Do training. Students follow a formal etiquette even when practiced among friends. Mo’s Tae Kwon Do club rules comply with these guidelines from the World TKD Federation and the United States TKD:

• Tae Kwon Do practitioners bow to show respect in a proper manner when :o entering and leaving the Dojang o before and after addressing Sabomnimo addressing higher rank studentso before and after working out with partner in one-step self-defense,

sparring, and performing poomse

• Tae Kwon Do practitioners control their body language and manners while standing in a line or sitting on the floor waiting to take a turn.

• Tae Kwon Do practice sessions begin and end with etiquette. Any informality during the class is disrespect to our discipline, instructors, and other students.

4.2 Student Codes of ConductExperience shows the attitude of the mind will eventually determine the way our body will become. With a firm determination of the mind, the body will become strong but flexible enough to meet any challenges of daily life.

• Mind and Physical Discipline• Be friends with one another


• Develop wisdom and character• Respect (self and others)• Humility• Self-control• Honesty• Loyalty to your sabomnim and school• Finish what you begin• Focus on the moment and the instructions• Avoid injury and hurting others• Put out enough energy to sweat


5.0 Colored belt ranking and promotion system

The grades that each belt represent:Beginner: 10th Gup = White, 9th Gup = Yellow, 8th Gup = PurpleIntermediate: 7th Gup = Orange, 6th Gup = Green, 5th Gup = BlueAdvanced: 4th Gup = Brown, 3rd Gup = Brown w/black stripe

2nd Gup = Red, 1st Gup = Red Belt w/black stripe

The meaning of the belt colors:WHITE - is the traditional color of the Korean Dobok. This color represents honor,

purity, virtue, and innocence.

YELLOW - is the color of honor, wealth, royalty and well-being. It signifies the Earthfrom which a plant sprouts and takes root as the Tae Kwon Do foundation

PURPLE - is the color of passion for wanting to progress in Tae Kwon Do.

ORANGE - is the first of the intermediate colors representing progress.

GREEN - One realizes how much there is to learn and how far there is to go. Green signifies the plant's growth as Tae Kwon Do skills begins to develop.

BLUE - denotes authority, truth, loyalty, and mystery. To wear a blue belt is to start To learn the vast history, philosophy and mysteries of Tae Kwon Do.

BROWN - It is the first of advanced colors, representing strong will and commitment.

RED - Red is the last color belt before black belt. Red evokes excitement, and intensity.Red commands attention. There is great joy, love, and passion in red. It signifies danger cautioning the student to exercise control and warning the opponent to stay away.

BLACK - To a non-martial artist, to have a black belt is to have mastered the art. Inreality, it symbolizes just beginning true learning of the art. Black is the color


of wisdom, silence and eternity. To have a black belt is to have the sum of all knowledge from prior belt levels, and to move on to new levels. Black is theopposite of white, therefore, signifying the maturity and proficiency in TaeKwon Do. It also indicates the wearer's imperviousness to darkness and fear.


5.1 Beginner students - Ranking RequirementsFriday classes are dedicated only to the students with white, yellow, and purple belt colors - so they can have focused attention and learn the basic. Beginner students also attend M & W advanced classes, which will surely challenge their skills.

White Belt (10th Gup)Make time to practice TKD regularly, and dress in clean DobokMemorize, practice, and respect the Dojang’s EtiquetteElect to start and always finish what you have startedPrevent injury, and have a can-do Attitude

Yellow Belt (9th Gup)All 10th Gup requirementsBasic Footwork

Forward - Jun Jin, Backward - Fun Jin

Basic Stances: Attention Ready Forward Horse

Basic Blocks: Down In-to-out Upper

Basic Punches: Straight Lower

Basic Kicks: StretchFront Snap

1-minute push-ups, 1-minute kicks, and 1-minute punchesIntroduction to Self-Defense – Take Back Control, and Take Your Arm backForms: Kicho 1, Eight Step Exercise Set #1Board breaking techniques (Front Snap Kick)TKD Definitions, Benefits, Ranks, and History

Kiyap – reasons to kiap, the 6 S’s of Tae Kwon DoForms, Meditation, Sparring help us develop…


Purple Belt (8th Gup)

All 9th Gup requirementsBasic Footwork

Forward/Switch - Ilbo Jun Jin Backward/Switch - Ilbo Fun Jin

Basic Stances: WalkingBasic Blocks: Out-to-InBasic Punches: Upper, reverse punch Basic Kicks: Roundhouse, Side Basic One Step Sparring for self-defenseBasic Three Step sparring (combination kicks)Board breaking techniques (Roundhouse or Sidekick, and Hammer Fist)Self-Defense patterns #1Forms: Kicho 2, Taegeuk 1, (Optional: Palgwe 1, Eight Step Exercise Set # 2)Basic TKD Korean Terminology (counting and commands)

5.2 Intermediate students - Ranking Requirements

As intermediate students are expected to spar in tournaments they should be registered with USAT.

Orange Belt (7th Gup)

All 8th Gup requirementsBasic Footwork: Switch, sidewalkBasic Stances: Fighting, BackBasic Blocks: Single knife-hand Out-to-inBasic Punches: Knife Hand Basic Kicks: Axe Kick Out-to-In, Axe Kick In-to-Out40 Push-ups, 40 kicks, and 40 punchesSelf-Defense patterns #2Introduction to Olympic Sparring– supervised free sparring w/light contact High Energy Exercise: Kicking the TargetSparring DrillsBoard breaking techniques – same as kicks and punchesForms: Kicho 3, Taegeuk 2 + (Optional: Palgwe 2, Eight Step Exercise Set# 2)


Green Belt (6th Gup)

All 7th Gup requirementsBasic Punches: Ridge HandBasic Kicks: Hook KickBasic Blocks: Single knife-hand In-to-outHigh Energy Exercise: Kicking the TargetSparring Drills and Footwork50 Push-ups, 50 kicks, and 50 punchesOlympic Sparring – Supervised Free Sparring w/light contactUnderstand Sparring Rules and Referee SignalsSelf-Defense patterns #3Board breaking techniques – same as kicks and punchesForms: Taegeuk 3 + (Optional: Palgwe 3, Eight Step Exercise Set# 3)

Blue Belt (5th Gup)

All 6th Gup requirementsBasic Punches: Single Jab

Double Jab Triple Jab

Basic Kicks: Turning Back KickBasic Blocks: Double knife-hand Out-to-in

Double knife-hand In-to-outHigh Energy Exercise: Kicking the TargetSparring Drills and Footwork60 Push-ups, 60 kicks, and 60 punchesUnderstand Sparring Rules and Referee SignalsSelf-Defense patterns #4Board breaking techniques – same as kicks and punches Forms: Taegeuk 4 + (Optional: Palgwe 4, Eight Step Exercise Set# 4)


5.3 Advanced students- Ranking RequirementsBrown Belt (4th Gup)

All 5th Gup requirementsAdvanced Punches: Back Fist, Spear-handAdvanced Stances: Cross StanceAdvanced Kicks: Spinning Hook Kick Advanced Blocks: Twist/X BlockHigh Energy Exercise: Kicking the BagSparring Drills and Footwork70 Push-ups, 70 kicks, and 70 punchesKnow the Sparring Rules and Referee SignalsSelf-Defense patterns #5Board breaking techniques – same as kicks and punchesForms: Taegeuk 5 + (Optional: Palgwe 5, Eight Step Exercise Set# 5)

Brown w/Black Stripe Belt (3rd Gup)

All 4th Gup requirementsKnow the Sparring Rules and Referee Signals Advanced Punches: Back Fist,

Spear-handAdvanced Kicks: Sliding Roundhouse

Single-leg double roundhouseAdvanced Blocks: Wedge blocks (inner wrist low/middle section wedge blocks)Self-Defense patterns #6Board breaking techniques – same as kicks and punchesForms: Taegeuk 6, (Optional: Palgwe 6, Eight Step Exercise Set# 6)High Energy Exercises: kicking the target and the bagSparring Drills and Footwork80 Push-ups, 80 kicks, and 80 punches


Red Belt (2nd Gup)

All 3rd Gup requirementsAdvanced stances: Tiger stanceAdvanced Punch: Palm-heel punchAdvanced Blocks: Mountain shape blockAdvanced Kicks: Jump, turn, and kick (hooks, axe, and tornado)High Energy Exercises: kicking the bag and the targets90 Push-ups, 90 kicks, and 90 punchesExcellent Knowledge of Olympic Sparring Rules and Referee SignalsSparring Drills and Advanced FootworkSelf-Defense patterns #7Board breaking techniques – same as kicks and punchesBasic class leadershipForms: Taegeuk 7, (Optional: Palgwe 7, Eight Step Exercise Set# 7)

Red Belt w/Black Stripe (1st Gup)

All 2nd Gup requirementsAdvanced Punches: Tiger Punch, Double PunchAdvanced Kicks – kicking the bag and the targets

Spinning kicks (hooks, axe, and tornado)Flying kicks (side, double front)Scissors kicks (front, roundhouse, side)

Advanced Block – Diamond blockAdvanced Stance: Crane stanceHigh Energy Exercises: kicking the bag and the targets100 Push-ups, 100 kicks, and 100 punchesProficient Complete knowledge of Olympic Sparring Rules and Referee SignalsSparring Drills and Advanced FootworkClass leadership, transfer of knowledge through coaching Spreading Tae Kwon Do in the community through recruitingDemonstrated control of techniquesMultiple Board breaking techniquesSelf-Defense patterns #8Board breaking techniques – same as kicks and punches Forms: Taegeuk 8, (Optional: Palgwe 8, Eight Step Exercise Set# 8)1st Gup student will train a minimum of 1 year.


6.0 Basic Terminologies and Meanings – Test Materials

The history and people practicing Tae Kwon Do:TKD originated in Korea over 2000 years ago, which makes it the oldest martial art in the world. Today, there are over 40 million TKD practitioners worldwide.

The six S's of Tae Kwon Do principles helps a student develop:

1. Self-discipline2. Self-defense3. Self-control4. Self-confidence5. Self-respect and respect for others6. Self-electing to finish what you've started (Self Empowerment)

The meaning of TKD:

‘Tae’ means jump, kick, or smash with the foot.‘Kwon’ means punch or strike with the hand or fist.‘Do’ means “a philosophical way or ways of life.” Or “The spirit of life"

TKD: “Is the way of life” and brings the person as a unit in mind, body and spirit.

The benefits of forms, sparring, and meditation are:• Forms help us develop concentration, patience, attention to details, balance,

proper breathing. • Sparring helps us develop quick reflexes, strong spirit, and humility.• Meditation helps us achieve inner awareness and self-confidence

The reasons ‘yell’ or we ‘kiyap':1. Announcing your readiness to work with others 2. Intimidation 3. More energy/power with stronger spirit 4. In case you need help5. Release tension6. Breathing


The benefits of self-control in sparring:It demonstrates mental discipline because we have physical control of ourselves - this also indicates a confident and strong mind

The headquarters of the USAT and the World Tae Kwon DoFederation:

• The Headquarters of the USAT are located in Colorado Springs, CO• The Headquarters of the WTF are located in Soul, Korea, in Kukkiwon building

Reasons to Test:1. Challenge ourselves and to allow a qualified judge determine how much

progress we have made2. Meet a milestone necessary to grow3. Focus on our basic need to grow – otherwise the training will be a short-lived

experience

The Part of foot we use to kick:Front kick – ball of the footRoundhouse kick - ball of the foot for breaking – instep for sparringSide kick – Heel and the outer-edge of the footBack kick – HeelSpinning hook kick – bottom of the foot in sparring – heel for breaking

Axe kicks - bottom of the foot in sparring – heel for breaking


7.0 Basic Techniques TrainingThis section talks about the details needed for the belt promotions.It covers the detailed movements in doing punches, kicks, blocks and stances.

7.1 Punches (chi-gi)

1. Middle Punch (to your own solar plexus height)2. Under Punch (or “upper cut”, to solar plexus)3. High Punch ( to chin)4. Knife Hand (outer edge of hand, with front foot forward slide, to neck or temple)5. Ridge Hand (inner edge of hand, with front foot forward slide, to neck or temple)6. Single Jab (to chin)7. Double Jab (to chin)8. Triple Jab (to chin)9. Back fist 10. Arc-hand 11. Palm-heel 12. Fingertip13. Hammer Fist14. Elbow15. Twin Punch

7.2 Kicks (cha-gi) 1. Stretch Kick 2. Front Kick (Ahp-chagi) , Pushing Front Kick (Mirro-chagi)3. Roundhouse Kick (Dollyo-chagi) 4. Side Kick (Yup-chagi) 5. Axe Kick out-to-in (Naeryo-chagi)6. Axe Kick in-to-out (Naeryo-chagi)7. Hook Kick (hooryo-chagi)8. Turning Back Kick (Dui-chagi) 9. Spinning Hook Kick (Dui-hooryo-chagi)10. Sliding kick - variety11. Jumping kicks (Yo-chagi) - variety


12. Jump, turn, and kick (roundhouse, axe, crescent)13. Flying kicks14. Single-leg double and triple kicks15. Scissors kicks (Kawi-chagi) – variety


7.3 Blocks (maggi)1. Down block2. In-to-out block3. Upper block4. Out-to-in block5. Single knife-hand out-to-in clock6. Single knife-hand in-to-out palm facing down block7. Palm-heel block8. Twist/X (low and high section)9. Double knife-hand block10. Diamond block11. Mountain shape block12. Wedge blocks (inner wrist low/middle section wedge blocks)

7.4 Stances (sogi/seogi)1. Attention (cha-ryot sogi)2. Ease (pyeconbi sogi)3. Ready (joonbi or pyong-hi sogi)4. Horseback riding (juchoom sogi)5. Forward (ahp-gubi sogi), 6. Walking (ahp sogi), 7. Back (dwi-gubi sogi)8. Cross (Koa Sogi, used in Taeguek-5)9. Tiger (bum sogi)10. Crane (Hakdari sogi)

7.5 Meditation (Jongsin-tongil)

Meditation helps us achieve inner awareness and self-confidence Meditation is the freedom from thought. It is the ending of thought. It is a world without image, symbol or word, without waves of memory. Meditation is the action of silence. It is a state of mind, which looks at everything as an outsider.


8.0 Tips for performing basic techniques

• In the front stance, the legs should be shoulder width apart for balance and power. It should not be like standing on a balance beam.

• To correct yourself, stop after a move with a front stance and make sure your : o Stance is shoulder width apart.o Body weight is resting on your front leg.o Upper-body is upright, squared, and forward. o Rear leg is straight and your foot at an angle (30-45 deg).

• In the walking stance, keep both legs straight and rear foot at an angle (30-45 degrees).

• While doing the forms, keep your feet on the ground and slide from one move to the next not stepping.

• While execution each step of the forms, do not forget your non-blocking or non-attacking hand. It is very much the source of your power; do not let it slip down the side of your waist; it should be retracted as fast as your punches and ready for the next block or attack.

• When doing the 270 degree turns, if you are turning with a front stance make sure to step far enough that you will achieve the wide stance, mentioned above. Maintain your balance any rotation during the forms.

• The rotating out-to-in middle block's power comes as result of starting your blocking hand from behind your ear and then retracting your non-blocking hand as fast as you shoot out the blocking hand. For more power, you should think of your body as a whip that is unwinding from your toes up to your blocking fist while you are rotating. SNAP!

• The punch after the kick combination's power also comes from retracting your non-attacking hand. It is the source of your power.

• The last three combinations of Taeguek 2 are all walking stance after the front kick and punch combination. Resist the temptation of going to the front stance. Kick high, fast, and retract it back and step gently for a well-balanced walking stance.

• All walking stances are in Taeguek since it is a new stance.


9.0 Forms (Poomse) TrainingMaster Mo is pleased to teach four sets of different forms (Kicho, Taegeuk, Palgwe, and Eight Step Exercise Set.) The intention here is to enable students to have a vast knowledge of poomse and competitive advantage throughout their black belt training.

Kicho1-3Kichos are the basic Korean forms, designed to help new students to develop coordination skills such as moving, turning, and breathing, while learning the basic techniques such as stances, blocks, and punches. There are three Kicho forms, which we require for beginner students.

Taegeuk1-8“TAE” means “bigness”, “GEUK” means “eternity”. Taegeuk has no form, no beginning, and no end. It is the Eternity, which compasses all, from which everything in the Universe originated. Taegeuks represent the source of creation since all of the basic techniques are utilized in Taegeuk forms. There are eight Taegeuk forms, which we require for promotion testing.

Palgwe1-8Palgwe itself means “law”, “command”. Palgwe forms symbolize eternal duality that exists in the Universe, the forces in constant struggle, which will yet never break apart. The principle of Palgwe is that the person with self-knowledge will discover the path of harmony amongst these inherent changeable forces of life. There are eight Palgwe forms,which we teach optionally.

Eight-Step Exercise Set 1-8There are eight sets of exercises designed to help new to learn the basic blocking, punching, and kicking techniques. We teach these forms optionally.

The Tae Kwon Do poomse is a formal exercise that consists of stances, blocks, punches, strikes, and kicks arranged in a meaningful order to defend attacks from multiple imaginary assailants attacking from several directions. The poomse were formerly the only means masters had to transfer the essence of Tae Kwon Do and their interpretation of the art to their students.


Balance focus, coordination, proper breath control and self-discipline emerge as benefits of continued practice. After many years, the student begins to discover the mental and spiritual nature of Tae Kwon Do through practicing forms. Watching one who has mastered a poomse perform it is a breath taking sight.

Forms comprise 40-50% of testing requirement for promotion to higher rank. It is impossible for the student to understand the art of Tae Kwon Do without thorough understanding of poomse. You need to learn forms in-order so that your ability prepares you to assimilate the more advanced forms ahead.

9.1 Descriptions of the Principles of Taegeuk Poomse

1. Taegeuk Il Jang (first form)Represented by the “keon” principles, which signifies the power of heaven, the beginning of the earth, and the source of creation. With this form, student starts his/her journey into the world of martial arts and Tae Kwon Do, making a life-long commitment to practicing and perfecting the techniques.

2. Taegeuk Ye Jang (second form)Represented by the “tae” principles, which mean “lake, calm waters, serenity”, like a person with a firm and clear mind and gentle attitude. Its symbolic meaning is manifested in its flowing movements, yet demonstrating a strong spirit.

3. Taegeuk Sam Jang (third form)Represented by the “ri” principles, Taegeuk Sam Jang symbolizes the sun, fire, light. The virtue of ri is brightness, natural intelligence, something one gets attracted to; the moves carry a lot of energy and passion.

4. Taegeuk Sa Jang (fourth form)Represented by the “jin” principles, which mean “thunder, power”. Taegeuk Sa Jang consists of a series of strong, unexpected moves, demonstrating the awesome power of nature, but a person with a strong spirit overcomes the fear and the danger, and at the end, there are clear skies and the sun shining through the dark clouds.


5. Taegeuk Oh Jang (fifth form)Represented by the “seon” principles. “Seon” symbolizes the wind, a subtle and penetrating element, and the wood, because it is strong, yet flexible. The movements of Taegeuk Oh Jang demonstrate a strong spirit and humble state of mind.

6. Taegeuk Yook Jang (sixth form)Represented by the “gam” principles, its element is water, which is dangerous, formless, flexible and mysterious, a symbol of persistence and fidelity. The movements of Taegeuk Yook Jang are flowing and powerful.

7. Taegeuk Chil Jang (seventh form)Represented by the “gan” principles, this means “mountain”. Majestic in their tranquility, standing upright in their surroundings, mountains are a symbol of a man without hastiness, who possesses a good judgment, knowing when to stop, and when to proceed with fight; the virtue of “gan” is contemplation, and the rhythm and timing of the moves is very important.

8. Taegeuk Pahl Jang (eighth form)Represented by the “gon” principles, which are the principles of positive power, a choice of being a passive observer rather than becoming complacent. This form completes the formal training and emphasizes on many basic techniques.

9.2 Scoring Merits in FormsJudges and Referees will award scores based on the following merits for poomse:

1. Correct and orderly execution of each movement2. Degree of proficiency3. Beginning and ending the form at the same spot4. Executing powerful and speedy techniques by tensing and relaxing muscles at the

proper moment5. Mental concentration6. Focused eye and head movement7. Accurate targets – low, medium, or high8. Inhaling and exhaling at the proper moment9. Balance – well grounded stances and movements10. Rhythm – every form has a natural rhythm. Do not be a robot.


11. Synchronization of the entire body movements12. Attitude and spirit that makes you believe there was intent!

9.3 Tips for performing poomse1. Memorize the pattern of movement, the sequence and the direction of the

techniques in the form.2. In learning the form, make the movements slowly accurately and precisely. As

you learn the forms, gradually speed up the movements, being careful to maintain good form in the execution of the techniques.

3. The execution of each movement must be dynamic. When a yell (Kiyap) is called for, it must be sharp and loud, reflecting the strong Spirit of the performer.

4. Maintain an objective focus. Look straightforward in executing a block, punch or kick, you should see and visualize the target area but not "look at" it. The gaze should not wander or concentrate on a specific technique or stance.

5. In turning, look first, then turn, remember that in the forms one defends against multiple, imaginary attackers. One must see the direction from which an attack is coming before he can defend against it.

6. In walking, maintain poise, balance and a good stance. Hips and shoulders should both move on an even plane and not up and down from one stance to the next.


7. Focus sharply on the end of the technique bringing all of the body's strength into the technique. One must not be tense throughout the movement as this inhibits speed and both aesthetic quality and effectiveness of the technique.

8. Be certain to practice the forms from different angles in case you need to practice in strange surroundings.

9. Return to the ready stance, calmly, gracefully and with satisfaction. Remember that you can learn forms best from your master instructor.

10. Through seemingly endless repetition of the poomse (1000 times), the student learns the true nature and meaning of each form.


10.0 Tae Kwon Do – A Recognized Olympics SportIn the year, 2000 Tae Kwon Do had its Olympic debut in Sydney, Australia. Tae Kwon Do and Judo are the only Martial Arts recognized at the Olympics currently.

Tae Kwon Do community including the World Tae Kwon Do Federation and the USAT has worked very hard to distinguish this ancient art as a recognized martial sport with the basic safety guidelines necessary to minimize risks so everyone in the family can practice.

10.1 Olympic Style Sparring (Kyorugi) PracticesKyorugi or Sparring is an actual fight between two competitors using the offensive and defensive skills acquired through the practice of Tae Kwon Do. Valid techniques for scoring points in competition include punching to the trunk and kicking techniques to the face (head, in front of the ears) and trunk. Any technique below the belt is illegal. To score a point, two or more judges must acknowledge an attack.

10.2 WTF Safety Rules and Protective Gears

For safety reasons, students are required to use the approved protective gears before they can participate in these activities. Additionally, we require self-control and we follow WTF and USAT guidelines and safety measures in our sparring activities. For more information about our sparring rules and referee signals, refer to the WTF website or click on WTF Sparring Rules link on our own website.

http://users.primushost.com/~jmont/wtf_rules/index.htmlhttp://www.usa-taekwondo.us/100.htm

è Competition Rules

I am pleased to offer you a comprehensive and an extensive set of specific skills: attacking, counterattack, footwork, and drills to use in sparring practices. “The ultimate winner is the one who can conquer himself or herself. Sparring is a fight within the self. The one who can win himself or herself can eventually win over the opponent.”


10.3 WTF Rules for Competition Sparring

IntroductionThe following is a summary of the rules and regulations, including referee signals, for WTF (World Taekwondo Federation) competition. It is intended to provide a quick overview of the rules and regulations for students interested in learning how to spar competitively and even possibly learning how to referee during class training sessions. The topics include Role of the Referee, Competition Area, Starting the Match, Referee Break signals, Scoring, Knockdown rules, Penalty Categories (Gam-jeom and Kyong-go), and related referee signals. For a comprehensive, detailed specification of the official rules and regulations, see the Web Site http://www.usa-taekwondo.us/100.htm=> Competition Rules or http://users.primushost.com/~jmont/wtf_rules/index.html

Role of RefereeThe job of the referee is very important. He/she must ensure that the match is fair by enforcing the rules and regulations set forth by the WTF. The referee’s job is not to keep score. The reason for this is that it distracts from being able to watch for penalty actions. The referee must observe closely every move to ensure no penalty has occurred. To be successful, the referee must live the match. He/she must be as active in the match as the contestants themselves must.

Competition AreaTwo boundary lines demarcate the competition area. An 8 x 8-meter square area demarcates the inner boundary line, also called the alert line. Contestants must stay within this boundary. Crossing the alert line constitutes a warning penalty (Kyong-go). A 12 x 12-meter square area demarcates the outer boundary line, also called the boundary line. Crossing the boundary line constitutes a 1-point deduction (Gam-jeom).


Starting the MatchThe referee will start the match by calling the contestants to their positions. One contestant wears red on the trunk pad, while the other wears blue. The referee will call out “Chung”, pointing to his right calling for the contestant wearing read. He will then callout “Hong”, pointing to his left calling for the contestant wearing blue. He will the call “Charyeot” (attention), raising his hands in the air with elbows bent signifying the contestants to stand at attention. He will the make a lower both hands towards each other calling “Kyong-rye” (bow) signifying the contestants to bow to one another. Next he will call “Joonbi” (ready), standing in a left front-stance with right-hand knife hand extended at waist level between the two contestants, signaling they assume the ready stance. He will then call out “Shijak” (begin) moving to a back-stance, and bringing both hands together, signaling the contestants to begin sparring.

Referee BreakThe referee can call “Keuman” (break) at any time during the match for the purposes of issuing a warning, penalty deduction, or stopping the match because of a knockdown or end of round. He will signal this by extending his right-hand in a mid-level knife hand gesture between the two contestants.The referee resumes the match by calling “Kyesok” (resume), signaled by bringing his hands together.

ScoringThe following are valid ways to score a point:• Kick to the trunk• Punch to the trunk• Kick to the face• Kick to the ears• When an opponent falls, even if kick is not a score

KnockdownsIn the event of a knockdown, the referee will give the fallen contestant a 10-count. If the contestant does not get up by the count of 10, he/she loses the match. If he/she does get up before the count of 10, the referee will give the contestant an 8-count before resuming the match.

Penalty Categories and OverviewThere are two major penalty categories resulting in different consequences:


• Kyong-goThe first is called Kyong-go, which is a warning. This simply means the contestant committed a penalty that is deserving of warning, but no point deduction. However, on the contestant’s second warning, the referee will deduct one point. If the match ends in an odd number of warnings, the last warning will not be a point deduction.

• Gam-jeomThe second category is called Gam-jeom, which is a one-point deduction. These are severe penalties warranting in an automatic point deduction.

Any more than 3 point deductions for a contestant will constitute forfeiture of the match.

Behavior that constitutes a penalty falls into two broad categories.• Contact Penalties

A contact penalty is one that involves some sort of illegal physical contact between the contestants. This might involve illegal “touching” acts such as grabbing or holding. Or it may involve an illegal “attacking” acts such as a punch to the face.

• Non-contact PenaltiesA non-contact penalty is one that does not involve any physical contact. This might involve what is called a “negative” act, such as crossing the alert or boundary line. Itmight also involve what is called an “undesirable” act, such as unsportsman-like conduct.


10.5 Penalties

Contact Penalties

Below is a summary of contact penalties and the consequences (Kyong-go or Gam-jeom).

• Touching Acts (Hand Signal: placing your right open hand across your chest)Kyong-go Penalties Gam-jeom PenaltiesGrabbing Throwing the opponentHolding Grabbing kick to throw the

opponentPushingTrunk butting

• Attacking Acts (Hand Signal: Bring both hands in a fist together, chest high.)Kyong-go Penalties Gam-jeom PenaltiesKneeing the opponent Intentional kick to the backKicking the groin Intentional kick to the back of

headKicking the leg, stomping foot

Severe attack to the face

Trunk butting Kicking a fallen opponent

Non-Contact PenaltiesBelow is a summary of non-contact penalties and the consequences (Kyong-go or Gam-jeom).• Negative Acts (Hand Signal: Bring right fist in swinging motion in to left open

hand horizontal palm.)Kyong-go Penalties Gam-jeom PenaltiesCrossing the alert line (8x8 line)

Crossing the boundary line (12x12 line)

Feinting injury Interfering with progress of matchTurning your back to the


opponentIntentional falling

• Undesirable Acts (Hand Signal: Bring right hand with index and middle finger up to lips.)Kyong-go Penalties Gam-jeom PenaltiesUndesirable remarks or gestures

Violent or extreme remarks

Gesture scoring/deductionCoach leaves the chair area

Winner DeclarationAt the end of the match the contestant with the most points wins the match. The referee will call the contestants to their positions by calling “Chung” and “Hong” as in the start of the match. The referee will signal the winner by turning slightly to the winner and raising his hand closet to the winner in an upright fully extended position with knife hand. If the winner is “Chung” the referee will call “Chung.” If the winner is “Hong” the referee will call “Hong.”


10.6 Attacking Skills in SparringAttacking or Offensive Techniques while in Close Stance:

#1: Front leg roundhouse kick – hop and shift the body forward#2: same as #1 but use in-to-out axe kick#3: Rear leg roundhouse kick to the trunk follow thru

with other leg roundhouse#4: Jumping turning back kick#5: Put front leg in the air space and jump with the

rear leg out-to-in axe#6: In place, switch stance, roundhouse kick to face #7: same as #6 hop with the front leg and kick with the rear leg#8: In place turning back kick – surprise#9: Slide forward, hop with front leg then

jumping turning back kick#10: In place switch, front leg hop, jump in the air,

turning back or spinning hook kick#11: Front leg faint, double roundhouse#12: Front leg fainting motion, shift your body

forward and then rear leg back kick#13: Front leg fainting motion, put your front leg

on the body of your opponent and then jumping back kick

Attacking or Offensive Techniques while in Open Stance:

#1: Rear Leg roundhouse to the trunk section or face#2: Rear leg in-to-out axe kick to the face#3: One-step forward with Rear leg, then turning

back kick moving into your opponent#4: Rear Foot roundhouse, then bring back the

kicking foot to set up the opponent for aroundhouse kick, then turning back kick whilehe/she is kicking you

#5: In place, switch stance, at the same time jumping turning back kick. Don’t turn your body too much to avoid counter attack


#6: In place, switch stance, jumping turning back kick

#7: Slide forward with front leg, at the same time rotate your body and roundhouse kick with rearleg – good to cover up distance.


10.7 Counter Attack SkillsIf attacking is initiation, then counter is a reflex!

In Close Stance, attacker attacks with FRONT leg - Counterattack Techniques:

#1: slide back and quickly front leg roundhouse kickto the middle section or to the face

#2: Drawback – no sliding – kick either to the middle section or face

#3: Take front leg one-step back and counter with therear leg

#4: slide back, turn around and kick (tornado)#5: slide back and double kick with no hesitation#6: slide back, low block, punch, and kick top the

trunk#7: same but out-to-in axe kick#8: In place jumping turning back kick –

cut off the initiation#9: In place jumping spinning hook kick#10: In place spinning hook kick without jumping

In Close Stance, attacker attacks with REAR leg - Counterattack Techniques:

#11: slide back counter with the rear leg, stretch your body straight ahead towards your opponent

#12: same as#11 but use out-to-in axe kick#13: right punch and roundhouse to the trunk#14: same as #13 but use axe kick#15: slide back and double roundhouse –

the scoring leg is the rear leg#16: use front leg pushing kick quickly,

rear leg moves the body towards the opponent#17: in place kick at the same time with roundhouse

or axe kick.


10.8 Footwork (Gitgi)

This is an indirect skill used to setup a scoring technique; it changes according to the opponent stances; it distracts opponent strategy; it helps create openings, use it to avoid an attack, and to launch timely and accurate attack. If you have excellent footwork, you can always outmaneuver your opponent. If your footwork is not good, develop better timing and ability to spot openings.

Basic Types of Footwork

1. Turning – used for turning kicks2. Forward step or slide3. Backward step or slide4. Lateral step or slide – good for counter attack5. Draw –effective when combined with a simultaneous attack6. Combination

Tips for effective Footwork

1. Shift body weight smoothly and lightly2. Synchronize your entire body3. Maintain balance throughout every movement4. Adapt stance according to the technique


10.9 Drills and TrainingMaster Mo teaches a variety of Drills against target, bag or in sparring.

A. Static Drill1. Rear Leg roundhouse to middle section or high section2. Rear leg axe, in-to-out to face3. Turnaround, jumping roundhouse (tornado) – front leg will kick4. Spinning hook kick5. Step in, switch and spinning hook kick- front leg one step forward, turn

the body and perform a spinning hook kick – good to cover distance

B. Reflexive DrillThe holder shows target suddenly. Use judgment: quick reflex, how high, and what technique to use. All static drills maybe used here. Rear leg roundhouse, followed by spinning hook kick.

C. Combination Drill1. Front leg axe, in-to-out, turn around, jumping roundhouse( tornado) –

effective to cover distance2. front roundhouse followed by an axe kick3. jumping front axe kick followed by a roundhouse4. front roundhouse , opponent retreats after initiation, follow up with a

turning back kick5. switch, turnaround, followed by a rear leg roundhouse, spinning hook

kick, switch and a rear leg roundhouse

D. Zigzag DrillTwo target holders are on the left and the right sides. You chose different kicking techniques

E. Line DrillTarget holders line up; they move towards you, each holder will show different position and distance. You must quickly decide which technique to use and execute with a sense of timing.

F. Moving Target DrillOne holder moves around with the target and you will catch the target.

G. Multi Target Holder Drill


Two target holders will stand on front and back of you. Chose different techniques: slow tempo roundhouse or in place switch and tornado, etc.

10.10 Strategies and Psychology

10.11 Referee Hand signals

10.12 Sparring scoring tips


13.0 Self-Defense (Hosinsool) Training RulesI have designed our training to help students acquire practical self-defense skills, which can help defend life on both the competition mat as well as street. Specifically, we practice one-step formal drills to teach self-defense. One-step is a drill in which a pair of students train together to practice effective counter attack and fighting techniques. It is formal because each student will take turn attacking and defending.

Experience shows that it would be better and more effective for you to learn self-defense skills as part of practicing Tae Kwon Do or Martial Arts. We can always tell the skill level of a disciplined fighter or a Tae Kwon Do practitioner by the way the individual reacts in a fighting situation:

. A beginning student will take an attack

. An intermediate student will block an attack

. An advanced student will counterattack after blocking

. A master does not need to block

13.1 Self-Defense Drill PatternsMaster Mo teaches a variety of self-defense drill patterns including a combination of footwork and counterattack sparring drills. Specifically, we use the following patterns so students can acquire them as quick reflexes against attacking:

1. Slide in, block, and punch (middle, upper, or inside ridge)2. Slide in, block, right elbow strike and right back fist3. Slide in, block, front kick to groins and high punch4. Slide out, block and raise the attacking arm, followed by a punch under the arm5. Slide out, block and double kidney punch6. In place, left in-to-out crescent kick to the punching arm, rear leg front kick to

groins7. In place, scissors kick followed by a landing punch8. Switch, turn, grab the punching arm and tug it under you arm, elbow strike

followed by a turning shoulder punch9. Spinning hook kick or turning back in the open side of the face/head10. Twin Punch and strike – one hand to the groins and one to the solar plexus11. Consider fighting patterns from your forms against imaginary opponents12. Use any attacking or counterattack drills

Creative combination – limit time to three seconds to make it practical


11.0 Breaking Boards (Kyuk pah) - Popular TechniquesMaster Mo teaches and enables students to choose a variety of safe techniques to break wooden boards that are breakable. The practitioners will apply the acquired skills with target accuracy, speed, and enough power to break their own selected boards and get a feel for just how powerful they can be. Usually, this turns out to be the best time for the Tae Kwon Do students because they begin to see just their skills in action.

However, this activity requires supervision; thus, we ask our students to use caution and be careful not to challenge themselves without having supervision and using the appropriate safety measures, provided by the master instructor.

Our popular breaking techniques are:

13. Front snap kick14. Roundhouse kick followed by a hammer fist strike15. Sidekick followed by an middle punch16. Axe kick followed by a knife-hand punch17. Turning back kick or jumping turning back kick18. Hook kick or spinning hook kick19. Jumping Axe kick20. Jumping spinning hook kick21. Flying kicks22. Creative setup and multiple boards


12.0 Black Belt Requirements Promotion and Expectations

Requirements and Promotion:

Dan Upgrade – Minimum Training Time RequirementFor WTF to consider your application for a Dan upgrade, please be advised that the first and foremost requirement is a minimum number of years from your ‘Date Stamp’ on your certificate; which is the date the Kukkiwon generates, maintains, and it goes by:

For a 1st Dan to apply for 2nd Dan, a minimum of 2 years is now required.For a 2nd Dan to apply for 3rd Dan, a minimum of 3 years is now required.For a 3rd Dan to apply for 4th Dan, a minimum of 4 years is now required.

Black Belt Forms:1st Dan black belt form: KORYO (30 counts & 45 moves)

Represents High-spirited people

2nd Dan black belt form: GEUMGANG (27 counts & 35 moves)Represents Diamond, endless change such as mountain

3rd Dan black belt form: TAEBACK (26 counts & 40 moves)Represents the Bacdoo Mountain where “Tangun”, The founding father of the Korean nation, founded KoreaIt characterizes prompt action.

4th Dan black belt form: PYONGWON (25 counts & 33 moves)Means the vast moorland, it teaches us peace and harmony.Slow action and flexibility are important

5th Dan black belt form: SIPJIN (31 counts & 39 moves)Represents the “Sipjangsaeng”, the longest living things,The sun, mountains, water, stones, clouds, pine trees, etc.


Black Belt (1st Dan) Promotion Requirements:Proficiency in all colors, white through red belt requirementsSparring Drills and defense against multiple attackersAdvanced Self-Defense, Street Self-DefenseAdvanced Kicks and Advanced FootworkHigh Energy Exercises: kicking the bag and the targets100 Push-ups, 100 kicks, and 100 punchesCreative Board BreakingCoaching, recruiting, and exemplary attitudeMedals – individual or team, preferably through coachingBlack Belt Paper (original writing)

Black Belt Meaning:BLACK - To a non-martial artist, to have a black belt is to have mastered the art. In

reality, it symbolizes just beginning true learning of the art. Black is the color of wisdom, silence and eternity. To have a black belt is to have the sum of all knowledge from prior belt levels, and to move on to new levels. Black is theopposite of white, therefore, signifying the maturity and proficiency in TaeKwon Do. It also indicates the wearer's imperviousness to darkness and fear.

12.1 Black Belt Expectations:1. Ranking Requirements2. Training3. Coaching4. Refereeing5. Specializing

Other key requirements include but not limited:

Continuity in your training and developing expertiseServing the community (encouraging, recruiting, coaching, and teaching)Setting an example and becoming role model for other studentsParticipating in tournaments, or/and coaching junior students in local tournamentsLoyalty and respect for your Master instructor in and outside of the Dojang,

12.2 Black Belt Application and Registration Requirements1.


Appendex A. History of Tae Kwon Do

Early Tae Kwon Do History

Korean martial arts had their beginning centuries before the birth of Christ and developed a great many kinds of weapons. Every weapon used in combat was included as part of the soldiers’ over-all military training. Additionally, military strategists examined the advantages and possibilities of using the body’s natural weapons. Unarmed combat skills were emphasized. In this manner, a branch of military science based upon the natural weapons of fists, hands and feet was established. One of the earliest Korean martial arts was Su-bak. Over the centuries, it has been known by various names such as Kwon Bup, and then Tae Kyon. It was a vital part of a warrior’s training. The name Tae Kwon Do was chosen in 1955 by a group of martial arts leaders. The Republic of Korea officially adopted it in 1965.

The history of Korea is very long and exciting as is the history of Tae Kwon Do. The legendary soldier-king Tan-gun forged the various tribes into a unified kingdom 23 centuries before the birth of Christ. This kingdom, founded at the high point of Egyptian history, and centuries before the Roman Empire was founded, lasted more than twelve centuries.

Next, the three kingdoms emerged – Koguryo (37 BC-688 AD) located in southern Manchuria and northern Korea; Paekje (18 BC-936 AD) and Silla (57 BC-AD 688) which were located in the southern peninsula. Archaeological findings such as mural paintings on the royal tombs of the Koguryo dynasty, the stone sculptures of pagodas of temples produced during the Silla period, and documents written in the Paekje dynasty show many studies of fighting stances, skills, and formalized movements that closely resemble the present stances and forms of Tae Kwon Do. Therefore, it can be inferred that people in the three kingdoms practiced an art very like the one we study today.

In the southeastern part of the peninsula about 670 AD Silla reunited the three kingdoms and held control for three centuries Korean culture and the martial arts of the period were strongly influenced and enriched by the Hwa Rang Do. They were a para-military, educational and social organization for noble youths started by King Jin Heung, of the Silla dynasty. The Hwa Rang Do played an important part in unifying the three kingdoms once more. The code of honor on which the group was based upon loyalty to


the nation, respect, and obedience to one’s parents, faithfulness to one’s friends, courage in battle, and avoidance of unnecessary violence and killing.

Many scattered descriptions in written documents of the three kingdoms show that the Hwa Rang Do not only regarded the studying of unarmed combat as an essential part of physical military training, but they also recommended it as a recreational activity.

In this dynasty, the study of unarmed combat gained its greatest popularity. It was practiced both by military personnel and by the public. It was this period that the science was first technically organized and systematized by the leading masters. Military officers and masters were invited by the royal family to present demonstrations and matches annually at the royal court. Under King Taejo, founder of the dynasty, Buddhism was replaced by Confucianism as the religion, and that change strengthened the Chinese influence, not only upon official functions, but also upon the private lives of people because the ruling class strongly emphasized Chinese classical study, civil officers receiving higher respect than military officers do, socially, as well as politically. As a result, people grew uninterested in the forms of unarmed combat, and the technical development of the Tae Kwon Do was hindered.

King Chongjo (1790) helped keep the Korean martial arts alive by ordering Lee Duk Mu to write an official textbook on them. That volume, known as Muye Dobo Tongji, described and pictured the Korean martial arts very clearly, and included a chapter on the forms of unarmed combat.

The decline of the military skill continued. Martial training and the armed forces were neglected. Divisive in-fighting in the ruling classes left the national defenses neglected. As a result, the Tae Kwon Do remained merely a recreational activity for ordinary people. No organized instruction was available and the forms were handed down, always in secrecy, from father to son and from teacher to pupil.

On August 2, 1910, the Yi dynasty was forcibly overcome by Japan and the Japanese colonial government banned not only cultural activities but also team sports and the martial arts. In 1943, Japanese karate was introduced into Korea for the first time and it gained in popularity until Korea was liberated on August 15, 1945.


Several leaders in martial arts opened dojangs (martial arts schools) under various names such as Kong Soo Do, Su Bak Do, Tang Soo Do, Kwon Bup, etc. Many instructors wanted to return to the traditional Korean form of unarmed combat – Tae kwon the first conference held for the purpose of unifying the dojangs and standardizing instructor’s methods was held in July 1946 without success but attempts to unify the different martial arts styles continued.


Appendex E. Tae Kwon Do Terms in Korean LanguageAs basic Korean terms are used as an international communication in Tae Kwon Do, it is

expected that students become familiar with some of these terms.

Cha Ryot - AttentionKuk Kei Ei Da Ha Yeo Kyung Neh - Bow to the flags

(please note "ei" as in "day") Cha Ryot - AttentionSa Bum Nim Kei Kyung Neh - Bow to the Master Instructor-or-

Sa Bum Nim Hunte Kyung Neh - Bow to the Master InstructorCha Ryot - AttentionCho Kyo Nim Hunte Kyong Neh - Bow to 1st to 3rd Dan Black Belts

Cha Ryot - AttentionHak Saeng Hunte Kyong Neh - Bow to Students

An Nyung Ha Sim Ni Ka? - How are you?

An Nyung Ha Sim Ni Ka, Sa Bum Nim? - How are you, Master?

Kam Sa Ham Ni Da! - Thank you!

Kam Sa Ham Ni Da, Sa Bum Nim! - Thank you, Master!

Numbers – Cardinal Numbers - OrdinalOne : Hana First : IlTwo : Dul Second : YiThree : Set Third : SamFour : Net Fourth : SaFive : Dasot Fifth : OSix : Yasot Sixth : YukSeven : Ilgop Seventh : ChilEight : Yudol Eighth : PalNine : Ahop Ninth : GuTen : Yoll Tenth : Sipp


Basic Commands Equipment & UniformAttention : Charyot Uniform : DobokReady : Choom bi Belt : DheeBow : Kyon nae Chest Protector : HogooBegin : Seijak Groin Cup : Nang Shim BohodaeAbout Face : Dwi ro dorah Head Gear : Muh Ree Bohodae

Mouthguard : Eep BohodaeShin Guard : Jung Kang Yi Bohodae

Commands/TechniquesBreak : Kalryo Kick : Cha-giContinue : KyesokStop : Gooman Front : Ahp Cha-giReturn : Bah ro Side : Yup Cha-giRelax : Shiuh Rounhouse : Dolro Cha-giTurn Around : Dolra 45 : Beet Cha-giFoot Switch : bahl bah kwah Back : Dwi Cha-gi

Axe : Nehryuh Jeek GiStretch : Cha Olligi

Block : Mahki Spinning Hook : Dwi Dol Yeo Cha-giCrescent : Bahndall Cha-gi

Low : Ahrae Mahki Push : Mil A Cha-giHigh : Eolgool MahkiInward : Ahnuro Mahki Stance : SogiOutward : Bahkuro MahkiDiamond : Shaped : Keumgang Mahki Front : Ahp SogiX-Shaped : Yeot Pero Mahki Back : Dwi SogiMountain : Shaped : Santeul Mahki Walking : Kuht Neun Sogi

Horseback : Juchoom SogiFighting : Mot SogiSparring : Kyorugi SogiReady : Choom Bi SogiKicking : Chagi Sogi

Punch : Chi-gi MiscellaneousHigh : Eolgool Chi-gi Yes : YeMiddle : Momtung Chi-gi No : AnioLow : Ahrae Chi-gi Yell : Ki Ap


Reverse : Bahn Dae Chi-gi Flag : Cook KiDouble : Doo Bun Chi-gi Forms : PoomseTriple : Sae Bun Chi-gi Judge : Bu Sim

Studio : DojangSparring Meditation : Mukyum

Breathing : Ho HyoopFree Sparring : Kyorugi Force/Power : HimmOne-Step : Han Bun Kyorugi Life Energy : KiRound : Jeon Breathing Control : Shim Ho HyoopBlue : Chung Breaking : Kyuk PaRed : Hong Demonstration : ShibumPoint : Jeum Stretching : PyugiOut of Bounds : Keum BahkWarning : Kyong Go Common PhrasesPoint Deduction : Gam JeumDisqualification : Shil Kyuk Thank you : Kahm Sa HamnidaWin : Seung You're Welcome : Cheon MaeneyoTie : Bi Kim How are you? : Ahnyong Hasimnika

Nice to meet you : Pangap SeumnidaRank See you later : Toh Poepkeseoyo

Welcome : Eoseo OsayoRank : Kagup I'm sorry : Choesong HamnidaGrade : Gup Excuse me : Shillye HamnidaDegree : Dan That's all right : Kwaen ChanayoGrandmaster : Kwan Jang NimChief Instructor : Chung Sah NimInstructor : Sah Bum NimTeacher : Kyo Sah NimSenior Student : Sun Bae Nim Student : Hak Saeng

master mo’s tae kwon do handbook · training handbook - revised: july 2006 page 5 of 53 2.0...

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