mass number atomic number equals the # of... nucleus electrons protons neutrons negative charge...

The ATOM By convention there is color, By convention sweetness, By convention bitterness, But in reality there are atoms and space. -Democritus (c. 400 BCE)

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Page 1: Mass Number Atomic Number equals the # of... NUCLEUS ELECTRONS PROTONS NEUTRONS NEGATIVE CHARGE POSITIVE CHARGE NEUTRAL CHARGE ATOM

The ATOMBy convention there is color,

By convention sweetness,By convention bitterness,

But in reality there are atoms and space.

-Democritus (c. 400 BCE)

POSIT IVECHARG E

PROT ONS

NEUT RALCHARG E

NEUT RONS

NUCLEUS

NEG AT IVE CHARG E

ELECT RONS

AT OM

Mass Number Atomic Numberequals the # of...

NUCLEUS ELECTRONS

PROTONS NEUTRONS NEGATIVE CHARGE

POSITIVE CHARGE

NEUTRAL CHARGE

ATOM

Atomic Structure

Scale of the atom

Page 4: Mass Number Atomic Number equals the # of... NUCLEUS ELECTRONS PROTONS NEUTRONS NEGATIVE CHARGE POSITIVE CHARGE NEUTRAL CHARGE ATOM

Page 5: Mass Number Atomic Number equals the # of... NUCLEUS ELECTRONS PROTONS NEUTRONS NEGATIVE CHARGE POSITIVE CHARGE NEUTRAL CHARGE ATOM

Atomic Mass Units

atomic mass unit (amu) =

the mass of one proton

1.66 10-27 g

Mass Number

Atomic Number

Sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom

Always a whole number

# of neutrons = mass # - atomic #

The number of protons within the nucleus

Page 7: Mass Number Atomic Number equals the # of... NUCLEUS ELECTRONS PROTONS NEUTRONS NEGATIVE CHARGE POSITIVE CHARGE NEUTRAL CHARGE ATOM

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons

Mass #Atomic#

Isotope symbol:

“Carbon-12”

Isotopes

6 C

Page 8: Mass Number Atomic Number equals the # of... NUCLEUS ELECTRONS PROTONS NEUTRONS NEGATIVE CHARGE POSITIVE CHARGE NEUTRAL CHARGE ATOM

How to calculate the average atomic mass of an element:

List all isotopes, mass numbers, and percent relative abundance of an element

Multiply the mass number of each isotope by its relative abundance

Add all the products together = atomic mass

Atomic mass is an average

Page 9: Mass Number Atomic Number equals the # of... NUCLEUS ELECTRONS PROTONS NEUTRONS NEGATIVE CHARGE POSITIVE CHARGE NEUTRAL CHARGE ATOM

An example:

Chlorine-35 (35Cl) has 17 protons and 18 neutrons and has a relative abundance of

75.8%

Chlorine-37 (37Cl) has 17 protons and 20 neutrons and appears 24.2% of the time.

Multiply the mass number of each isotope by its relative abundance

(Chlorine-35) 35 amu × 0.758 = 26.53 amu(Chlorine-37) 37 amu × 0.242 = 8.95 amu

Add all the products together = atomic mass

26.53 amu + 8.95 amu = 35.48 amu

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