MASLOW’S HIERARCHY

OF

NEEDS THEORY

SIR ABRAHAM MASLOW

PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS

Clothing.

Shelter – needed by even animals.

Metabolic needs – air, water, food, rest.

PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS

SAFETY NEEDS

Security at work place.

Job security and stability.

Safety of property against natural disasters, calamities, wars, etc.

SAFETY NEEDS

SOCIAL NEEDS

Need for love.

Affection

Friends

Identification

SOCIAL NEEDS

ESTEEM NEEDS

Desire for success.

Self respect.

Achievement.

ESTEEM NEEDS

SELF ACTUALIZATION

Self fulfillment.

Realization of capability or potential.

SELF ACTUALIZATION

USES

Hierarchy of needs theory lead the managers to

think about and lay emphasis on ways of satisfying

worker needs at various levels to keep them spirited

and motivated.

BEHAVIOURAL APPROACH

Characteristics:-

• Managerial decisions focus on human and its behaviour.

• Study of psychology, sociology, etc. is required for understanding employees’ behaviour.

• Healthy human relation are good for employees’ productivity.

• Motivation, Leadership, Communication, Participative management should be properly used.

Advantages:-

• Development of management.

• Employee job-satisfaction increases.

• Achievement of objectives.

BEHAVIOURAL APPROACH

Limitations:-

• Difficult to forecast human behaviour.

• It cannot be universally accepted as human

behaviour is based on occasional experiments.

• Instigates avoiding work.

• Leads to inefficiency.

• Undermines the economic performance, not good

foe business unit.

BEHAVIOURAL APPROACH

Conclusion:-

• Job itself is source of motivation and satisfaction.

• Manager should use untapped human potential.

• Manager should create environment where each

employee can give his best.

• Operating efficiency can be increased by self-

direction, self-control and subordinate influence.

• Work satisfaction improves employees’ productivity

which is good for business.

BEHAVIOURAL APPROACH

THE END

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