maseral (marlies teichmuller)
DESCRIPTION
maseral batubaraTRANSCRIPT
GENESA BATUBARA DITINJAU DARI PETROLOGI BATUBARA
(The genesis of coal from viewpoint of coal petrology)
by :
Marlies Teichmüller
Group Maceral Characteristics
Vitrinite telinite telo-
kollinite detro-
corpocollinitevitrodetrinite
cell walls tissue
amorphous (gel or gelified detritus)cell fillingsdetritus
Liptinite sporinitecutinitesuberinitefluoriniteresinitealginitebituminitechlorophylliniteliptodetriniteexsudatinite
spores, pollencuticlessuberinized cell walls (cork)plant oilsresins, waxes, latexalgaeamorphous (bacterial, algal, faunal)chlorophylldetritussecondary exudates
Inertinite fusinitesemifusinitesclerotinitemacriniteinertodetrinitemicrinit
cell walls (charred, oxydized)cell walls (partly charred, oxydized)fungal cell wallsamorphous gel (oxydized, metabolic)detritussecondary relic of oil generation (mainlay)
A. Origin of macerals
Clasification of maceral groups and macerals
1. Genesa huminit dan vitrinit (Genesis of huminites/vitrinites) Huminit/vitrinit berasal dari liginin, selulosa dan tanin.
Humification is the main process during the peat stage. It is caused by oxidation and by microbial activity
2. Genesa liptinit (Genesis of liptinites) Liptinit berasal dari tumbuhan yang kaya hidrogen seperti alga dan merupakan produk dekomposisi (Derived from hydrogen-rich plant organs as well as algal and bacterial substances and decomposition products)
3. Genesa inertinit (Genesis of inertinites) Karakteristik inertinit : reflektan tinggi, fluorenscence kecil, kandungan karbon tinggi, hidrogen rendah, aromatisasi kuat (Characteristic of inertinites, such as high reflectance, little fluorescence, high carbon and low hydrogen and low aromatization)
B. Origin of coal facies (microlithotypes and lithotypes)
1. Klasifikasi fasies batubara brown (brown coal) sbb : (clasification of facies brown coal)
a. Cannel dan boghead, sapropilic coal adalah mud deposite subaquatic. b. Mikrolitotipe kaya huminit/vitrinit c. Mikrolitotipe kaya inertinit, khususnya fusinit, semifusinit dan makrinit
2. Pengaruh lingkungan deposit (palaeogeografi) (Influence of depositional (palaeographic) environment
Klasifikasi lingkungan pembentukan peat delta (Styan dan Bustin,1983) a. Pembentukan peat delta bagian bawah (kaya sulfur dan sedimen klastik) b. Pembentukan peat antara delta bawah dan atas (kaya clay, silt dan sulfur) c. Pembentukan peat bagian atas (sedikit mineral klastik dan sulfur)
3. Pengaruh ilkim, vegetasi dan ketersediaan air (Influence of climate, vegetation and water supply)
Klasifikasi deposit batubara : a. Carboneferous hard coal Euramerica b. Gondwana coal (peat iklim dingin) c. Brown coal tersier German dan Australia d. Batubara light layer pada brown coal tersier
4. Penurunan fasies batubara dan pengaruh ketersediaan makanan (eutropic-oligotropic) (Vertical succession of facies and influence of nutrient supply)
5. Pengaruh keasaman, air laut dan kondisi calcareous (Influence acidity, marine and calcareous)
6. Pengaruh kebakaran (fires) (Influence of fires)
Klasifikasi mikrolitotipe utama, komposisi maseral dan lithotipe utama
Mikrolitotipe utama(mikroskopik)
Unsur pokok(mikroskopik)
Lithotipe utama(megaskopik)
VitriniteClarite
DuriteVitrinertite
Trimacerit
InertiteLiptiteFusite, semifusiniteInertodetriteCarbargilite
viitrinitevitrinite, liptinite
inertinite, liptinitevitrinite, inertinite
vitrinite, liptinite, inertinite
inertiniteliptinitefusinite, semifusiniteinertodetrinitecoal+clay mineral
bright coalsemi-bright, dull coal(dull if much liptinite)
dull coalbright, dull coal(dull if much inertinite)
mostly dull coal
dull coaldull coalfusain layer, dull coaldull coalclay parting
Hubungan phase microspore dg microlithotype batubara carboniferous (Smith, 1986)
TERIMA KASIHTHANK YOU
Maceral grup huminite menurut ICCP sistem 1994
Maceral grup vitrinit menurut ICCP sistem 1994
Maceral grup inertinite menurut ICCP sistem 1994
TimeTemperature
Pressure
Wood
Peat
Lignite
Bituminous
Subbituminous
Anthracite
Rank StagesSource of plants:- Allochtonous- Autochtonous
COAL FORMATION
Factors affecting the characteristics of coal seams
• Type of deposition autochtonous, allochtonous
• Peat-forming plant communities
• Depositional environment telmatic/terrestrial, limnic/subaquatic
• Nutrient Supply eutrophic, mesotrophic, oligotrophic
• Acidity, bacterial activity, sulfur suplay
• Temperature
• Redox potential Eh
Lithotype• Lithotype
– macroscopically recognizable bands of coal seams
For bituminous coal:Coal Type Lithotype Macroscopically recognizable feature
Humic Coal
Vitrain bright, black, usually, brittle, frequently with fissures
Clarain semi-bright, black, very finely stratified
Durain dull, black/grey-black, hard, rough surface
Fusain
(mineral charcoal)
silky lustre, black, fibrous, soft, quite friable
Sapropelic Coal
Cannel Coal dull/slight greasy lustre, black, homogenous, unstratified, very hard, conchoidal fracture, black streak
Boghead Coal like cannel coal but brownish, brown streak