MARTIN LUTHER PAGE 25

"Help us to know this Thy voice and to follow no other deceiving

cry of human error, so that we, Lord Jesus Christ, may not fall away from Thee. Call together

again the sheep of Thy pasture….” 2

Albrecht DürerJournal Entry 5/17/1521

Distraught thinking Luther could be dead.

WEEK 6 - 1520The Year The World Changed

The events following the posting of the 95 Theses on 10/31/1517 were fast and furious for Martin Luther.. 1518 and 1519 kept Luther very busy defending and debating his positions in Heidelberg, Augsburg, and Leipzig. The following is the major event timeline in 1518 and 1519:1518 - 1519

1520 The greatest year in Luther’s life starts on 1/1/1520 when in the midst of the greatest pressure on Elector Frederick he receives a letter from Albrecht Dürer arguably the greatest artist of the Renaissance / Reformation. Dürer thanks him for supporting Luther and lets him know that he supports both he and his “brilliant monk”. Dürer’s personal library contained 16 Luther volumes prominently displayed.

Mo/Year Luther Rome

Feb 1518 Pope Leo Instructs Staupitz to silence Luther

Mar 1518Luther writes friend C. Scheurl saying he did not intend the 95 Theses to be widely read and doubts some of it.

April / May1518

Luther Publishes “Sermon on Indulgences and Grace” - Attends Augustinian Disputation in Heidelberg - Divides the Order.

Rome opens up official Inquiry “Processus Ordinarius” against Luther

Summer 1518Luther publishes “Explanation of 95 Theses” and answers 2 Negative Catholic Treatises.

Rome inquiry results in Luther being found an heretic. “Process Summarius” formal process charges against Luther begun

October 1518

Luther summoned to met with Cardinal Cajetin after the Diet in Augsburg - Luther asked to recant and won’t. - Luther leaves the in the middle of the night to avoid arrest.

Cajetan writes to Frederick, complaining that Luther left Augsburg despite signs of progress in discussions and urging Frederick to send Luther to Rome

Nov. 1518 to Jan 1519

Luther meets with von Militz - agrees to be silent on indulgences if Tetzel and Rome do as well. Agrees to write a letter to Pope Leo regretting the controversy if he will be “heard. Mid Jan Luther receives “Cum Postquam” disagrees but will not repudiate it per the agreement.

Papal Bull “Cum Postquam” Defending Indulgences released and Nuncio von Militz spent from Pope Leo to present Frederick The Wise the “Golden Rose” of Rome. Emperor Maximillian Dies

June 1519

Luther, Carlstedt, Melancthon, Amsdorf, travel to Leipzig for the the Leipzig disputation vs. John Eck… luther blasts Papal Authority and claims he is a “Hussite” formally ending any internal Reformation.

Eck knows he was out manned and embarrassed, wounded pride, but totally victorious that he got Luther to confess to being a “Hussite” (Heretic), he feels its just a matter of time until Luther meets the the same end. Erasmus “He’s not Eck but “Jeck” (Circus Clown)Charles V elected Emperor

“My Bride, The ChurchIs Dear To Me”

My Bride the Church is Dear to Me,

I Never Will Forget HerHer Lovely Graces All Can See,

I In My Heart Have Set HerMy Jewel Fair Has All My Care

When Troubles Come I Have A Home Made Lovely By Her Presence

Her Love and Trust at My SideHer Service Never Lessens

She Makes My Will Her Guide

The Dragon Full of Ancient Rage Would Now The Child Devour

But All the Warfare He Can Wage, Ends In God’s Victory Hour

The Battle Won God Takes His SonTo Heaven High Beyond The Sky

The Dragon Fumes In FuryAlone, What Will The Mother Do?

Her God Will Guard Her SurelyHer Father Great and True

Words & Music byMartin Luther 1

(1535)

PAGE 26 ADULT SUNDAY SCHOOL

“The works of Luther in 1520 represent every form of

Christian Reform definition. The doctrine of the Church (Ecclesiology), Soteriology,

Christology, Practical Theology, Sacramental Theology, Apologetics,

Polemics - They are all there! In 2 years Luther goes from an unsure and struggling son of the Catholic church, to

the greatest leader of Christian Church since the

Apostle Paul ”

Mark Trigsted

Luther’s Works of 1520

February - Fourteen Consolations March - A Discussion On How Confession Should Be Made June - Treatise on Good Works June - On the Papacy in Rome Against The Most Celebrated Romanist in Leipzig July - A Treatise on the New Testament, That is, The Holy Mass August - To the Christian Nobility of the German Nation Concerning The Reform of the Christian Estate October - The Babylonian Captivity of the Church November - The Freedom of a Christian December - Why the Books of the Pope And His Disciples Were BurnedThis list of books - not including academic work, biblical exposition, and personal letters could very well be the greatest body of work in one year in the history of the Christian Church. Fourteen Consolations (To Elector Frederick) Written at the request of Spalatin, Fourteen Consolations was written personally by Luther to Elector Frederick who was wealthy ill and not expected to survive. It was read to him as a personal letter treatise to encourage the depressed and gravely sick Elector. In classic Law and Gospel format Luther lists the 7 evils and 7 blessings of all believers which are a total of 14 “Consolations.Evil: 1. Within Us, 2. Before Us (Future), 3. Behind Us (Past), 4. Beneath Us (Eternity), 5. On our Left Hand (current enemies), 6. On our Right Hand (Enemies of Saints past), 7. Above Us (Endured by Christ)Blessing: 1. Within Us, 2. Before Us (Future), 3. Behind Us (Past), 4. Beneath Us (Saved Saints) 5. On our Left hand (current enemies) 6. On our Right Hand (Current Saints ) 7. Above Us (Christ’s Righteousness)Everything evil and good for our eternal and temporal blessing… What a comfort!Treatise on Good Works Using the 10 Commandments as a guide Luther shows us exactly what we teach today that “Good Works” are not to gain any merit but as a result of Faith and our Union with Christ alone. Good works are also not narrowly defined as “Religious Works” This was absolutely ground breaking at the time…“If you ask further, whether they count it also a good work when they work at their trade, walk, stand, eat, drink, sleep, and do all kinds of works for the nourishment of the body or for the common welfare, and whether they believe that God takes pleasure in them because of such works, you will find that they say, “No”; and they define good works so narrowly that they are made to consist only of praying in church, fasting, and almsgiving. Other works they consider to be in vain, and think that God cares nothing for them. So through their damnable unbelief they curtail and lessen the service of God, Who is served by all things whatsoever that are done, spoken or thought in faith.” 3

“For at this time I have wished to show how in all

good works we should practice and make use of faith, and let faith be the

chief work..” 3

Martin LutherWhy he wrote

“A Teatise on Good Works”

MARTIN LUTHER PAGE 27

To the Christian Nobility of the German Nation

(1520)

“I know another little song about Rome and the Romanists. If their ears are itching to hear it, I will (soon) sing that one to them too, and pitch it in the highest key.”.” 4

Luther talking about his next book on the way…

“The Babylonian Captivity of the Church”

The Big Three (The Definition of Reformed Churches)To the Christian Nobility of the German Nation Concerning The Reform of the Christian Estate (August) In an absolutely brilliantly written, timed, and aimed book, Luther appeals to the German Nobility to join his cause! Here is his Outline:Introduction The Three Walls of the Romanists The First Wall - Spiritual Authority Over and apart from Secular Authority The Second Wall - Only The Pope Interprets Scripture The Third Wall - Only The Pope Can Summon a Council Of the Matters to be Considered in the Councils Twenty-Seven Articles Respecting the Reformation of the Christian Estate

The three walls have to be completely torn down before the church can be reformed and built on a scriptural ground. Luther was absolutely correct. His 27 articles completely overhaul the Papacy, College of Cardinals, Curia, etc. sets the criteria we use today in Reformed Churches across the globe. At the very end of the book he gives a hint to what is coming next.The Babylonian Captivity of The Church (October) In his second major treatise on the Reforms of the church needed Luther continues from the social and secular structure of the church as it relates to authority directly to “worship” and the Sacraments “inside”of the new church. Luther points out that the Roman Church and the Pope are like Babylon holding Christians in “Captivity” through their demonic use of the Sacraments to keep believers in “Bondage”.Indulgences The Sacrament of the Lord’s Supper The Sacrament of Baptism The Sacrament of Penance Confirmation Marriage Ordination The Sacrament of Extreme Unction

Luther destroys the entire Roman system by pointing out both how the system was created and how it kept good people in debt not to Christ and the Gospel but to the Roman Catholic Church.“The work is angry in tone, attacking the papacy. Although Luther had made a link tentatively in the address To the Christian Nobility of the German Nation, this was the first time he forthrightly accused the pope of being the Antichrist. It certainly heralded a radicalization of Luther's views — only a year before he had defended the validity of the sacraments, yet was now attacking them fiercely.” 5 “I hear a rumor of new bulls and papal curses sent out against me, in which I am urged to recant or be declared a heretic. If that is true, I desire this book to be a portion of the recantation I shall make; so that these tyrants may not complain of having had their pains for nothing. The remainder I will publish ere long, and it will, please Christ, be such as the Roman See has hitherto neither seen nor heard. I shall give ample proof of my obedience. In the name of our Lord Jesus Christ. Amen.” 6

Original Cranach Woodcut for Babylonian Captivity - Rejected by Luther - For

Obvious Reasons

Bibliography & Notes

1. Luther, Martin. The Hymns of Martin Luther.: Concordia Pub House, 2016. 42. Print.

2. Conway, William Martin, Lina Eckenstein, and Howard Coppuck Levis. Literary Remains of Albrecht DuÌrer. Cambridge: U, 1889. 158. Print.

3. Spencer, Michael. "Home." Internetmonk.com. http://www.internetmonk.com/archive/on-good-works, 29 Jan. 2017.

4. Luther, Martin, Erik H. Herrmann, and Paul W. Robinson. The Babylonian Captivity of the Church, 1520. Minneapolis: Fortress, 2016. 9. Print.

5. "On the Babylonian Captivity of the Church." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 29 Jan. 2017.

6. Luther, Martin, Erik H. Herrmann, and Paul W. Robinson., p. 129

7. Luther, Martin, and Timothy J. Wengert. "The Freedom of a Christian (1520). The Roots of Reform. The Annotated Luther, Vol. 1, Minneapolis: Fortress, 2015. 467-537. Print.

PAGE 28 ADULT SUNDAY SCHOOL

Q&A ...My Take a Ways...

Why do you think Luther was able to put out the volume of work he did?

Have you ever been so excited about your salvation that you wanted to write about it?

Would you consider downloading and reading The Freedom of a Christian ?

The Big Three (Cont.)The Freedom of A Christian (November) Another masterpiece Luther uses the 5 point rhetoric outline of Cicero to prove just 2 points. !. How the Christian is totally free and 2. How the Christian is totally a slave. Here is his Outline:1. Exordium (Narrative) 2. Themata (Division of Themes) 3. Confirmatio (1st & 2nd Theme Confirmed) 4. Confirmutio (Objections Answered) 5. Peroration (Summary Close)

The true Christian lives totally free from the guilt, and power of sin because of being “In Christ” by Faith alone, and ONLY because He “Loved” us first.

Because we are In Christ by faith we are a “slave” willingly and motivated by “Love” to live a life of “Service” to others.“For this reason prayer is needed, so that the Lord may “draw us” and make us “theo-didaskos”. that is “taught by God”. Moreover, as He promised, He will “write the law on our hearts.”” Otherwise, it is all over for us… What we observe now happened to the prophets and Apostles those godless and blind pontiffs and their flatterers are now doing to me and people like me. In the end God be merciful to us… and cause his face to shine upon us, so that we may know His way on the earth, among all nations, the saving power of the one who is blessed forever. Amen ” 7

Original “Freedom of a Christian”

Cover (1520)

NEXT WEEK (Sunday February 6th)Brand LutherHow the Printing Press, the Visions of Martin Luther and Luca s Cranach , changed the printing industry, changed the world

Extra ResourceThis Week

Luther’s “The Freedom of a

Christian”

Download atwww.LutherQuoted.com