mars - pdf format
TRANSCRIPT
Presented By:
Ammar Anwar
University of Engineering & Technology,
Lahore.
MARS (MAGENN AIR ROTOR SYSTEM)
INTRODUCTION
• MARS is a lighter-than-air tethered wind turbine that
rotates about a horizontal axis in response to wind,
generating electrical energy.
• This electrical energy is transferred down the 1000-foot
tether for immediate use, or to a set of batteries for later
use, or to the power grid.
• Helium sustains MARS and allows it to ascend to a
higher altitude than traditional wind turbines.
HISTORY
Fred Ferguson (founder of Magenn Power)
patented the Magnus Airship in the 1980s.
It won the Canadian Government Award of
Excellence in 1984. And the Philip Petroleum
Award for Science 1985.
Magenn Power has built and tested several
small MARS prototypes in 2006, and 2007.
COMPONENTS
Balloon
Generator
Wind Vane Stabilizer
Ropes or Wires
Wind Vane stabilizers are used on both sides of the axis to keep
the device stabilized, and positioned within a very controlled and
restricted location
BALLOON, ROPES / WIRES
WORKING
The wind turns the blades, which spin a shaft, which connects to a generator and makes electricity. Utility-scale turbines range in size from 50 to 750 kilowatts.
The wind rotates the turbine at a speed of 30 to 60 rpm.
A reduction gear box is provided to increase the speed to 1200 to 1500 rpm for the generator to produce electricity.
The wind turns the turbine which spins the generator and the electricity is generated.
This electricity is sent to ground by the tether and can be consumed readily, stored in batteries for later use or can be supplied to grid.
LIFTING MECHANISM
The Helium gas creates a lift force that is in excess of the
total weight of the system. The helium provides at least
twice the positive lift versus the overall weight of the
MARS unit.
Additional lift is also created when the rotor is spinning in
a wind. The aerodynamic effect that produces additional
lift is called the Magnus Effect.
Magnus Effect: This effect was discovered in mid-1800’s
that creates lift when a spherical or cylindrical object is
spun while moving in a fluid.
MARS 100kW Performance Specifications
Magenn Power Product Model 100kW
Rated Power 101,000 Watts
Size (Diameter x Length) 45 ft x 100 ft (plus blade height of 22 ft each)
Shipping Weight Under 13,000 lbs
Volume of Helium 200,000 cubic feet
Tether Height 750 ft standard - up to 1,500 ft optional tether length
Start-up Wind Speed 2.5 m/sec - 5.6 mph
Cut-in Wind Speed 3.0 m/sec - 6.7 mph
Rated Wind Speed 12.0 m/sec - 26.8 mph
Cut-out Wind Speed 24.0 m/sec - 53.7 mph
Maximum Wind Speed 30.0 m/sec - 67.1 mph
Temperature Range -40¼C /-40¼F to +45¼C/+113¼F
Generators 100 kW Total
Output Form 380 V 3 Phase 50 Hz, 480 & 600 V 3 Phase 60 Hz or Regulated
DC
Warranty One Year
Life Cycle 10 to 15 Years
Price (USD) (Estimated) $500,000 USD
Availability 2010-2011 (taking orders now)
Extensive Infrastructure
Greater handling and
transportation costs
Location specific
installation
Transmission losses
2-d blades
Cost factor
No Extensive setup
Less Noise
Lower handling and
transportation costs
Installed anywhere at all,
no location constraints
Lower transmission loss
3-d balloon
40-50% cheaper energy
ADVANTAGES OVER WIND TURBINE
APPLICATION
LIMITATIONS
MARS units cannot be installed within five miles of the boundary of any airport.
Initial cost is high.
Helium gas leaks at a rate of 0.5 percent per month. The drawback of the technology is that the balloon has to be re-filled with helium every 6 months, seeing as the gas leaks.
Another disadvantage of floating windmills is that they have to be taken down in extremely powerful winds, whereas common wind turbines are simply shut down.
CONCLUSION
This Kind of technology can reduce our Dependencies
on Fossil Fuels which are Depleting at a rapid rate.
As there is no Pollution in this system Green Energy can
be produced which can reduce green house gases.
As it can be near Demand centers cost on Power lines is
reduces
If this technology is implemented it can eliminate power
problems of all Nations in coming years.