marketing mix in sample hospitals i...
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter-3
Marketing Mix in Sample Hospitals – I
(4P‘s)
The main aim of this chapter is to examine how the hospitals implementing the marketing
techniques and diagnose the problems involved in marketing hospital services exploring the first
four elements of marketing mix i.e. Product/Service, Price, Promotion and Place along with the
results of opinions elicited from doctors, nurses and administrative personnel. First, we will
discuss the product/service mix in hospitals.
Product/Service Mix in Hospitals
Most products of the hospitals are services. They include medical assessment, diagnostic and
treatment services, medical rehabilitation services, preventive care services, health education,
promotion and training services, industrial health services, and a vast array of related social
services. They are a variety of tangible health care products as well; all are intended to benefit
people‘s health.
With regard to the right service in the hospitals, it should be remembered that hospitals do not
really sell services; rather they sell the benefits of satisfaction the patients get from receiving
services. The product elements of hospitals consists of the actual medical treatment provided in
the hospitals, education and training provided by medical colleges and nursing schools and R&D
activities carried on by the research centers. In the case of hospitals, the product is contained in
three broad areas viz. diagnosis, treatment, which may be pill oriented or surgery oriented, and
post-operational care. This product also includes supplementary services like maintenance of the
case history of patients, registration, billing and support operations like laundry, diet, pharmacy,
stores, security etc. These services help to give a tangible effect to the intangible nature of the
services provided.
Nature and Characteristics of Services in Hospitals
Services have four distinctive characteristics. In the case of hospital services that must be
given special consideration when designing marketing stratagies1. They are
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Intangibility
Services are intangible- that i.e, they cannot be seen, tasted, felt, heard, or smelled before
they are produced. In the case of hospital, a patient purchasing cosmetic surgery cannot see the
result before the purchase; and a patient receiving chemotherapy cannot know the value of the
service in advance. Under the circumstances, purchase requires confidence on the provider.
Inseparability
A service is inseparable from the providers. Its very act of being created requires the sources,
whether a person or machine, to be present. The dental services cannot be produced and
delivered unless the dentist is here. And a patient can not be X-rayed unless the X-ray machine is
there. Inseparability results in a limitation of the number of people who can receive a service. A
dentist many work only eight hours a day, serving on average two patients an hour, or sixteen
patients a day.
Variability
An artificial heart operation by a doctor is likely to be of higher quality than the same
operation performed by a physician with little or no experience. And the doctor quality can vary
depending on his energy and mental state at the time of the operation. Therefore a service can be
highly variable, depending upon who is providing it, when it is being provided, and even who
else is there as part the service experience. Hospitals should make an effort to provide not high
consistent quality in their service offers, and to monitor the consistency of quality with customer
satisfaction monitoring system.
Perishability
An unoccupied nursing home bed is lost forever. In the same way some physicians charge
patients for missed appointments because the appointment time with no patient to serve is lost
revenue for the physician. So services cannot be stored. When demand is study the perish ability
of service is not a problem to the hospitals. When demand fluctuates significantly, hospitals have
problems. The emergency service of a hospital must be staffed and equipped to handle
emergencies at all times, even most of the time there are no real emergencies. Hospital can be
matched demand and service capacity by following different strategies. Now we will see the
services offered by hospitals.
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Classification of Hospital Services
Hospital services can be broadly classified to two type‘s i.e. People based or equipment-
based/or a combination of both. This can be explained in the Fig. No: 3.1
Fig. No: 3.1
Classification of Hospital Services
Physicians
Users
Social workers
Hospital services vary in the degree to which the client‘s presence is necessary to the service.
Brain surgery involves the client‘s presence, but the repair of wheelchairs does not. To extent
that the client must be present, the service provider has to be considerate of the client‘s needs.
Inpatient rooms for example, need to be decorated and comfortable because they are part of the
service for which the patient is present.
Most of the hospitals are multi service firms. For example a consultation and guidance center
offers individual therapy, group therapy, family therapy, marriage counseling, and psychological
testing. The teaching hospitals have three product lines, each with many specific products. They
are 1.teaching 2.research 3.patient care. Often teaching hospitals are accused of ordering the
product lines in importance as listed. Some hospitals offers a wide product line including skilled
nursing care, physical therapy, speech therapy, occupational therapy, medical social services,
home health aide and home making services, hospice services, and the rental of durable medical
equipment. The product mix in hospitals in terms of its length, width, and depth can be described
in a hypothetical hospital in Fig. no: 3.2
Hospital services
People based Combination of both Equipment based
Professional
Skilled & unskilled
labor
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Fig. No: 3.2
Product Mix in Hospital
Product Mix Length
In patient Ambulatory Health
Services Services Promotion
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* Depth of services.
The product mix in a hypothetical hospital in terms of its length consists of three product
lines: inpatient services, ambulatory services, and health promotion. Each product line has a
certain width: the patient services include medical/surgical, pediatric, obstetric and cardiac
intensive care. Finally each product item has a certain depth: the hospital contains 15 pediatric
beds. Suppose the hospital is thinking of expanding its product mix. This could be accomplished
in any of them ways. It could lengthen its product mix by adding, say, a free-standing mental
health clinics, or the hospital could add another inpatient service, say, psychiatric: this extends
the width of its inpatient service line, or the hospital could add additional beds, assuming it has
regulatory approval; this deepens its number of beds.
Various services in service mix are different in their relative contribution to the organization.
Some constitute the core service of that hospital and others are ancillary services. Thus, inpatient
services are the core product of the hospital and health promotion is an ancillary product
(although this traditional focus on inpatient services is in the process of changing in many
hospitals). Further more, certain services will play a major role in attracting patients: they are
called product leaders or flag ship products. Most patients, for example, will use the emergency
department at one patient or another. The emergency service is often viewed as the selling arm of
Medical/surgical Emergency Health education secessions
(45 beds)* (4 examining rooms)* (5 staff)*
Obstetrics Walk in clinic
(20 beds)
Pediatrics
(15 beds) Health fair
Cardiac ICU Out patient (30 exhibits)*
(8 beds) Therapies
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the hospital and may be viewed as a product leader. Some hospitals also have crown jewels in
their product mix which they promote aggressively as a symbol. Many hospitals promote their
most sophisticated services as their crown jewels, hoping to convince the public that these
services symbolize a general level of sophistication throughout the hospital.
Hospital Product Item
In developing a service by the hospital to offer to a market, the service planner has to
distinguish three levels of the concept of a service i.e. core, tangible and augmented. This can be
explained in the Fig. No: 3.3
Fig. No: 3.3
Hospital Product Item
Augmented Product
Tangible Product Core Product
Installation
Delivery After
And
Credit Service
Warranty
Packing
Brand Features
Name
Quality Styling
Core
Benefit
Of a
Service
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Core Product
The core product answers the questions like, what is the consumers really seeking? What
need is the service really satisfying? Hospital produces surgery, but patients are really buying
alleviation of pain. A medical school produces knowledge, but many studies are really buying
marketability. A rehabilitation centre produces rehabilitation services, but the patients may be
buying hope and the potential of a return to work. Here the hospital has to uncover the essential
needs hiding under every service so that service benefits, not just service features, can be
described. The core service stands at the center of the total service as shown in the above figure.
Tangible Product
A tangible product can be described as having up to five characteristics
1. Styling: Styling means giving a service a distinctive ‗feel‘. Style is also expressed in the
design of physician‘s officer, hospitals, HMO‘s, welfare offices, and other edifices where
services are offered. Even the clinical aspects of medical services are styled. Some times
hospitals may find that its style is no longer appropriate or effective with its target
audience. A hospital that sticks with the traditional labor and delivery room where fathers
are not allowed may find itself drawing fewer deliveries relative to hospitals providing
birthing rooms, birthing chairs and so on. These hospitals may want to consider
modifying its style to meet changing market wants.
2. Features: Features represent individual components of the tangible product/service that
could be easily added or subtracted without changing style or quality. Consider a health
maintenance organization that is seeking to expand membership. There are many features
improvement it could offer
Expanding its features of operation to include week day evenings.
Adding dental service as optional features for additional fee.
Offering a free ten-week smoker‘s clinic for members wishing to quit smoking.
The use of features has many advantages. Hospital can go after specific market segments
by selecting those features that would appeal most to those segments. Features are a tool for
achieving product differentiation vis-à-vis competitors. They have the advantages of being easy
to add or drop quickly, or made optional at little expense. They may be news worthy and useful
in attracting free media publicity2.
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Quality: Quality represents the perceived levels of performance in a product or service. As
previously pointed out, service products in particular are tremendously variable, depending upon
who is providing them and how much control the organization exercise over its providers. The
quality of clinical care concern an important question to ask is how does sales response vary with
the level of perceived quality?
Fig. No: 3.4
(A) Relationship between Sales and Quality Level
(B) Three Strategies for Service Quality Management through Time.
Sales Sales
Quality improvement
(A) (B)
Quality maintenance
Quality adulteration
Low Avg High Superior Time
A. Relationship between services B. Three strategies for service quality
Quality level and sale Management through time.
Fig. No: 3.4 (A) shows a plausible relationship between sales and quality level. The curve
says that higher perceived quality leads to higher. It also says that very high quality may not add
much additional sales either because consumers can not perceive very high quality, or because
they do not value it that sense that quality assurance activities do, rather, it refers to the market‘s
perception of quality. Their perceptions may be incorrect from clinical standpoint but the market
acts on the basis of what it perceives. The consumer market because it is unable to judge clinical
care, will often judge the service aspects of what is offered; the friendliness of the providers, the
design and atmosphere of the facilities, the house of service availability and so on.
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An organization must not only set an initial standard for quality, but must manage its quality
level overtime. It has three options in figure no: 3.4 (B) it can attempt to improve its quality level
over time through better selection, training, and rewarding of employers and through improving
facilities. This strategy should lead to improved market interest and response. The second option
is to maintain its present level of quality and emphasis other dimensions of the business. The
third option is to allow quality to decline overtime. This may be done deliberately when the
institution wants to withdraw from the business, otherwise it indicates poor management, makes
little strategies sense, and may lead the organization down the road to extension.
Packaging: The packaging represents the contribution of the larger context in which the product
is found. A teaching hospital offers to all its services the image of medical sophistication and
state-of-the art technology, even through this may not be true across all services. In contrast
many of the same services housed in a rural hospital, would be viewed as less sophisticated but
more personal and more convenient. Packaging also covers the building of individual products.
Diabetes clinics, Arthritics clinics, Glaucoma clinics, general social services, not lunches,
Podiatry services, and scheduled social activities may be offered individually by a nursing home
or health center, pulled together as one package they become elder care or day care services for
the elderly. Many hospitals fail to recognize that repacking of existing services may allow them
to offer what is ostensibly a new product to a new market place.
Branding: The service of a seller can be branded that is given a name, term, sign, symbol, or
design which identifies them as the seller‘s to differentiate them from competitor‘s offerings. For
example there are thousands of mental health centers throughout the country. They have found
that the term ―mental health center‖ is offensive to many people, since it suggests mental illness.
The whole industry is looking for another name that would create more positive feelings. The
‗rush Presbyterian hospital‘ of Chicago renowned its mental health center the institute for living,
feeling that this brand name would work better. In a similar vein, the social movement known as
birth control came under sharp attack from certain religious, ethnic, and economic groups that
viewed it as a government attempt to dictate who can and cannot have babies. Advocates of birth
control changed the name to family planning, since this eliminated the suggestion of out side
control and replaced it with the notion that the family makes the decision. This has worked well,
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but today in some countries the term family planning has acquired a bad name in India because
the government pushed birth control measures too harshly, and a new brand name is needed to fit
the new approach to Indian‘s population problem
The creation of a brand name to symbolize the hospital‘s service can contribute a number of
values. Hospital feels proprietary toward its brand name and therefore normally works hard to
insure the quality and consistency of its services. It wants its brand name to create buyer
confidence in its service and lead to brand preference and repeat purchase. Buyers benefit
because they can identify the various brands acquires a stock of information about their
respective quality, choose the best brand, and stick with it as long as satisfies them.
Augmented product
The hospital can, along with the birthing room, offer longer payment terms, a satisfaction
guarantee, home visits to the new mother, and so on. The hospital can offer the consumers
additional services and benefits that go beyond the tangible service, resulting in an augmented
service. Hospitals augmented their tangible product to meet additional consumer wants and/or to
differentiate their product from competition. As Levitt states: The new competition is not
between what companies produce in their factories, but between what they add to their factory
output in the form of packing, services, advertising, customer advice, financing, delivery
arrangements, warehousing, and other things that people value3
Hospitals should examine each of its services and design them in a way that will distinguish
them from competitor offers and carry the intended qualities to the intended target market.
Product life cycle
Product life cycle views products and services as having something like a biological life
cycle. Products and services are viewed as being, born growing, living, and ultimately dying.
The product life cycle theory says that a typical product exhibits an S-shaped sales curve marked
by the following stages. This can be known with the following figure no: 3.5
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Fig. No: 3.5
Product Life Cycle
Sales
Introduction Growth Maturity Decline
Time
Introduction stage: Introduction stage take place when the new products or service is first made
available to the marketplace. Unfortunately, it is the norm in the health care environment to
provide inadequate support to new products and services. As a result, insufficient demand is
generated; leading managers to conclude the new product or service was not a good idea.
Growth stage: If the new product satisfies the market sales will start climbing substantially. The
early adopters will continue their purchasing and other consumers will follow their lead,
especially if there is favorable word of mouth. Same time new competitors may enter the market,
attracted by the opportunity. During this stage the organization tries to sustain rapid market
growth as long as possible.
Maturity stage: At some point, a product‘s rate of sales growth will slow, and the product will
enter a stage of relative maturity. In healthcare, it is more likely to consist of recruiting more
referrers and adding more product features. Some organizations resort to modifying their
customers or product mix. Increasingly like commercial organizations health care organizations
are turning to price cutting and promotion. But these steps results in higher costs. Some of the
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weaker competitors starting dropping out. The industry eventually consists of a set of well-
entrenched competitors whose basic orientation is toward gaining competitive advantage.
Decline stage: Many products forms and brands eventually enter a stage of sales decline may be
slow or rapid. Sales may plunge to zero and the product may be withdrawn from the market, or
they may petrify at a low level and continue there for many years. Sales decline for a number of
reasons. Technical advances may give birth to new product classes, forms and brands which
become effective substitutes. All of these factors have the effect of intensifying over capacity
and competition. Some times carrying a weak product is very costly to the hospital. The weak
product tends to consume a disproportionate amount of management‘s time, it may require price
adjustment if it is a self-pay service, it may require full staffing ever it is chronically under
capacity, it requires promotional attention that might better be diverted to making the ‗healthy‘
products more profitable and its very unfitness can cause customer misgiving and cast a shadow
on the hospital‘s image.
Finally, many organizations keep weak products too long, health care organizations seem
particularly prone to do so, often a weak product is kept around because of the ardent support
syndrome. If the ardent support is not also fiscally responsible for the program, the weak
program is often apt to be kept too long. Weak programs are also kept because the patients need
this program‘. The sufficient number of people need a program, the hospital might be able to
strengthen utilization with sufficient promotion. Otherwise, not enough people may ‗need‘ the
program to justify the cost of its existence. Let us discuss the product mix in sample hospitals.
Product Mix in Apollo Hospital The product mix in Apollo hospital reveals that the different departments providing Medical
Services & Surgical Services, ICU Services, Pain Relief Services, Emergency Services,
Supportive Services, Special Services for patients and their family members, health check-up
services, In-Patient Services, Diagnostic & Therapeutic Services, Blood Bank Services And
Corporate Services.
Medical and surgical services includes Anesthesia & Intensive Care, Respiratory Medicine,
Dental Services, Dermatology, Emergency Medicine, Endocrinology, ENT, Gastroenterology,
Surgical Gastroenterology, General Surgery, Immunology & Rheumatology, Internal Medicine,
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Nephrology, Obstetrics & Gynecology, Pediatrics, Urology, Aandrology & Renal
Transplantation etc.
ICU services in Apollo include Medical Intensive Care Unit, Surgical Intensive Care Unit,
Neuron Intensive Care Unit, Cardiac Intensive Care Unit etc.
Chronic pain relief services in Apollo include OP consultation for chronic pain, pain relief
treatment for chronic backache, neuralgias, cancer pain (head and neck, abdomen, pelvis, chest
etc) and acupuncture. Each theater in the hospital is equipped with ECG, pulse oximeter,
capnometer, NIBP, invasive BP monitoring, ventilators, fully equipped recovery rooms.
Apollo emergency services providing services like Pre-Hospital Emergency Network, Quality
Emergency Rooms, Academics like Fellowship of Emergency Medicine, Fellowship In Family
Medicine, Diploma In Family Medicine, Diploma In Family Medicine (On Line And Contract
Program) Life Saving Training Programme etc.
Supportive services for patients and their family members in Apollo includes pre-operative
and post operative counseling for patient and attendants, details on treatment plan and time,
rehabilitation & diet counseling for patient.
Apollo is offering special services like combination of DMARDs & Follow Up (Including
Complicated New Regime For Treatment Of Arthritis & Spondylibs) Intra-Articular Injections,
Entheseal Injection, I.V. Gammaglobulin (IVIG), IV Infliximals & Other Biological Response
Modifiers, Plasmapheresis, Physiotherapy, Hydrotherapy, Splints, Braces etc, Occupational
Therapy & Life Style Modification Service And Early Arthritis Clinic- To +Detect Arthritis In
Earliest Stage etc.
Apollo health check-up services includes Apollo Master Health Cheq, Apollo Executive
Health Cheq, Apollo Heart Cheq, Apollo Well Women Cheq, Apollo Well Baby Cheq and
Apollo Whole body Cheq etc.
In-patient services in Apollo includes inpatient accommodation like general ward, semi
private rooms, private rooms, private rooms, deluxe rooms, super deluxe rooms etc.
Food & Beverages services includes assessment of patient diet with dieticians in association
with doctors, wide choice of food to visitors, diet counseling, providing coffee café and snacks to
visitors and guest dining hall for visitors. Timings are as follows.
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Fig No: 3.6
Product Mix in Apollo Hospital Product Mix Length
*Depth of the
Service
Medical/Surgical Services
In Patient
Services
Diagnostic Services
&
Pain Relief Services
ICU Services
&
Emergency Services
&
Blood Bank Services
Corporate Services
&
Telemedicine Services
Health Check-Up Services
&
International Patient Services
&
Other services
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1. Anesthesia:
*12 beds *ECG *Pulse * Oximeter *NIBP
for Every bed.
3. Respiratory Medicine:
*32 beds *ventilator support
*Bronchoscopy
4. Dental:
*Tooth extraction *Cavity Filling
*Implants *cosmetic Dentistry
5. Cardiology:
*52 beds *Angiogram *Angioplastry and
Stenting *Temporary and permanent
Pacemakers *Baloon Valvuloplastry
*Cardiac Catheterization *Open Heart
Surgery *Coronary bypass graft surgery
*Valve replacement surgery *ASD&VSD
6. Dermatology:
*16 beds *Clinical Dermatology
*Dermato Surgery *Dermato Pathology
7. Endocrinology:
*10 Beds *Diabetic clinic
*Metabolic bone unit *Rental transplant
*Radio iodine therapy
8. ENT:
*18 Beds *General year problems
*Nose and throat diseases
*hearing disorders
9. Gastroenterology:
*Variceal bleed and Hepatic Coma
*Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomies
*TIPSS *ERCPS *Video Gastroscope
10. Surgical Gastroenterology:
*Laparoscopic Surgery *Piles Clinic
*Hernia Clinic *Obesity Clinic
11. General Surgery:
*Laser Haemorroidectomy *Variety of
Hernia repair procedures *APR with
Staplers *Thyroid surgeries *Diabetic
Ulcers *Gangrene Cases
12. Immunology & Rheumatology:
*DMARDS *I.V.Gammaglobulin
*IV Infliximals *Physiotherapy
*Hydrotherapy *Hydrotherapy *Splints
13. Nephrology:
*Dialysis *CAPD cycler *Renal Transplant
*CRRT *Renalt Transplant *Endo Urology
14. Obstetrics & Gynecology
*Neonatal Unit *Endoscopic Surgeries
*Ovarian Cancer *Fallopian blocks
16. Pediatrics:
*42 Beds *General Surgery *Dialysis
*ENT*Cardiology *Cardio Thoracic
Surgery*Ophthalmology*Gastroenterology
*Urology *Orthopedic *Neurology
*Nephrology *Ophthalmology
17. Urology & Aandrology:
*Stone Service Management *ESWL
*PCNL/URS *Non surgical removal of
Kidney and ureteric stones *Laser
Treatment *Laparoscopic surgery
*Aandrology services *Prostate treatment
*Pediatric and Reconstructive Urology
1.Accommodation:
*General Ward: Semifoler beds, Central
nursing station, Guest couch,Television,
Air cooler, Pay phone, Water cooler, Bed
side room,Light,24hourspharmacyservices
Personal Medication Cabinets, Newspaper
of choice
*Semi Private Rooms: Semi foller beds,
Individually controlled room air-
conditioning ,Total number of beds per
room-2 ,Number of bath rooms per room-
1 ,Number of toilets per room-1,
Television, Air cooler ,Pay phone*Water
cooler ,Bed side room Light ,24 hours
pharmacy services Personal Medication
Cabinets ,Newspaper of choice
*Private Rooms: Total number of rooms
per room-1, Number of bath rooms per
room-1,Number of toilets per room-1
Television, Air cooler Pay phone Water
cooler Bed, side room Light 24 hours
pharmacy services Personal Medication
Cabinets Newspaper of choice
*Deluxe rooms: Total number of beds per
room-1, number of bath rooms,toilets-1,
Semi foller beds, Individually controlled
room air- conditioning, 24hours
pharmacy services, Personal Medication
Cabinets, Newspaper of choice.
*Super Deluxe Rooms: Guest laundry,
Locker facility, Electric Kettle, total
number of beds per room-1, number of
bath rooms, toilets per room-1, Personnel
nurses calling system, Individually
controlled, room air- conditioning,
24hours pharmacy services, Personal
Medication Cabinets, Newspaper of
Choice.
2.Other Medical Services:
*Homeopathy
*Ayurveda
*Rehabilitation
*Occupational Therapy
*Cervical And Lumbar Traction
*Treadmill
*Stationary Exercise Bicycle
*Weight Training
4.Food & Beverages: *Morning tea/Beverage,
*Breakfast
* Lunch
* Evening Tea
* Dinner
*Diet Counseling
* Café Coffee.
5. Supplementary Services
*Maintenance of the Case History of
Patients
*Registration (10 Counters)
*Billing (25 Counters)
6.Supportive services *Laundry Services
* Pharmacy Services (12 counters, 4
counters working round the clock and 365
days)
*stores
*security services(150 guards working)
*parking services(15 acres of land)
Diagnostic services: 1.Anatomic Pathology and Cytology Lab
Services
2. Bio-Chemistry: *Thyroid Testing,
*Reproductive Hormone Testing, *Anemia
Testing, *Vitamins, *Electrophoresis,
*Triple Screen, *ADA, *VMA.
3. Transplant immunology: *Anti Nuclear
Antibodies, *Anti-DNA Anti Bodies, Anti
Smith/RNP Anti Bodies, *Anti Scleroderma-
70 Antibodies, *Anti Neutrophil
Cytoplasmic Antibodies.
3. Hematology & Clinical Pathology:
*Reporting Of Bone Marrow Aspiration
Smears *Imunocyto Chemistry *Immuno-
Cytochemistry *Plateletagglegometry
*Hematology Analysis *AB Olicos
*Coagulation Analyzer.
4. Clinical Nutrition: *nutrition assessment
*cardiac nutritional status *cancer nutritional
status.
5. Psychiatry: *Out Patient Diagnostic
Services *Counseling Services.
6. Radiology & Imaging Sciences: *Barium
Baft *Bone Dexa *Ct Scan *Ivp *Litho
*Mammography *Mri *Ultrasound Brochure
*Pet-Ct Scan.
7. Molecular Medicine: *Molecular
Diagnostic Of Infectious Diseases
*Molecular Diagnosis Of Genetic Disorders
*Transplantation Immunology *Cancer
Genetics *Pcr Methods In Diagnosis
*Dna/Rna Assessment *Cytogenetics Tests
*Cancer Cytogenetics *Currently
Chromosomal Analysis Etc.
8. Nuclear Medicine: *Bone Scan
*Hepatobiliary Scan *Renogram *Thyroid
Scan *Isotope Venogram *Muga Scan For
LVEF *Ventilation-Perfusion Scan *Liver-
Spleen Scan.
9.Microbiology Lab Service: *Bacteriology
*Urine Culture *Pus, Drainage Tube Culture
*Throat Swab-Culture *Sputum *CSF/Fluids
*Stool *Blood Culture *Fungus Culture
*Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing
*Bacteriological Analysis Of Drinking
Water *Surveillance Environment Dialysis
*Serology *Widal Testing
*Immunodiagnostics Of
Infectious Mononucleosis *VDRL
*Pregnancy Betal HCG In Urine *ASO
*CRP *RA *Turbidometry etc.
Pain Relief Services: *OP Consultation For Chronic Pain
*Pain Relief Treatment For Chronic
Backache
*Neuralgias
*Cancer Pain (Head And Neck, Abdomen,
Pelvis, Chest)
*Acupuncture.
1. Intensive Care Unit Services:
*52 beds *Medical intensive care
* Surgical intensive care
*Neuro intensive care
*cardiac intensive care
2.Emergency Services:
*Pre Hospital Emergency Net Work
*12 Fully Equipped Ambulances
*22 Emergency Rooms.
*Air Ambulance Service.
*Training On Emergency Medicine.
*Training On Life Saving.
*National network of emergency services
*Emergency Rooms For
*Emergency Stroke
*Mi
*Road Traffic Accidents
*Domestic Accidents
*Snake Bites
*Paralysis
*Head Injury
*Drug Overdose
*Poison Intake
*Airway Obstruction
3.Blood Bank Services
*Analysis of any blood group
discrepancies
*External quality check
*HIV/HbSAg Screening
*Pre-operative haemodilution autologous
Blood.
*Testing of blood for transfusion
transmitted diseases with meticulous
quality.
*Depth analysis to clarify blood group
discrepancies.
*Supply of components during night.
*24 hours pheresis.
*Guidance and help to other blood banks.
*Sensitive cross-marching procedure using
Gel-Column Technology.
1.Corporate Services:
*Computerized Health Scan
*Health Counseling In Diet.
*Exercise.
*Stress Relief.
*Gym.
*Yoga.
*Meditation.
*Aerobics.
*On-Line Health Services.
*Occupational health checks.
*On-Site Doctors.
*Ambulance Service.
*Screening Camps.
*Training And Education.
*Awareness Lectures On Telemedicine
Facility.
*Health And Wellness Workshops.
*Dependent Health Care Programs.
*Corporate Emergency Management
Services
*Preventive Health Checks.
2.Telemedicine Services:
*Tele-Radiology.
*Tele-Dermatology.
*Tele-Cardiology.
*Remote-ICU Monitoring.
*Ambulance Monitoring.
*Mobile Tele Medicine Unit.
*Electronic Health Card.
1. Health Check-Up Services:
*Master Health Cheq
*Executive Health Cheq
*Heart Cheq
*Child Health Cheq
*Well Woman Cheq
*Apollo Diet Test
*Clinical Assessment And Specialized
Consultation With Complimentary
Nutritious Brunch
*Lunch And A Comprehensive Medical
Summary Card At Customer Door Steps
2. International Patient Services:
*400 Beds
* 50 Specialties
*Total Knee Replacement
*Birmingham Hip Resurfacing
Procedure
*Coronary Angioplasty
*Stereotactic Radiotherapy And
Radiosurgery.
*Cosmetic Surgery
*Cochlear Implants
*Pediatric Cardiology
*Medical Tour Plan
*Medical Tour Packages
*Credit Card Facilities
*Foreign Currency Arrangements
*Superlatives Services.
*Guidelines For Health Tourists.
*Arrangements, Pick Up At The Airport
And Accommodation.
*Medical Center at Air Port for
Information.
3.Other Services:
*Rehabilitation
*physical therapy for orthopedic disorders
*fractures/sprains/strains
*pre and post surgical care
*acute and chronic pain management
*massage therapy
*physical therapy for neurological disorders
*education and training for patients to gain
independence in their daily activities
*speech therapy
*speech training
*nutritional counseling
*nutrition therapy
*Nutrition advice for faster recovery
*psychosocial counseling
*boost moral and motivate patients
*aid patients to improve their quality of life
*clinical psychology
*help patients cope with psychological
impact of disease
*counseling and testing done by
psychologists to identify and other mental
Illnesses
*pain and palliative care
*pain management
*end of life care
*prolong life of patients through counseling
*Physiotherapy
*Occupational therapy
123
Morning Tea/ Beverage 6.45 am to 7.30 pm
Breakfast 7.45 am to 8.30 pm
Lunch 12.30 pm to 1.30 pm
Evening Tea 4.00 pm to 5.00 pm
Dinner 7.30 pm to 8.30 pm
Blood bank services providing services like analysis of any blood group discrepancies,
quality check, HIV/HbSAg screening, pre-operative haemodilution autologous blood
transfusion, supplying components during the night etc.
Apollo corporate services includes preventive health checks, occupational health services,
ambulance services, screening camps, training and education, awareness lectures, on site
telemedicine services, health and wellness workshops, dependent health care programs,
corporate emergency management services, preventive health checks etc.
Fig. no: 3.6 explaining the complete product length, width and depth of Apollo hospital.
Product Mix in Care Hospital
The product mix in Care hospital broadly classified into Medical and Surgical Services,
Laboratory Services, Imagine Services, Online Services, Blood Bank Services, Ambulance
Services, Emergency Services, Pharmacy Services, Corporate Services. Home Health Care
Services etc.
Medical And Surgical Services Includes Critical Care Dermatology Emergency Medicine,
Endocrinology, Gastro-Enterology Gastrointestinal Medicine General Medicine, Geriatrics
and Home Care Medicine Immunology Internal Medicine Laboratory Medicine, Lifestyle
Clinic, Medical, Oncology, Nephrology, Neurology, Pediatrics, Pediatrics Cardiology
Pediatric & Neonatology Physiotherapy Psychiatry Pulmonology, Respiratory Medicine,
Sports Medicine, Physiology, Transfusion Medicine, Chest Physician, Endoscope, Gastro
Logy, Hematology, Physician Preventive And Wellness, Rheumatology, Hematology, Blood
Bank Geriatrics, Cardiac Rehab Yoga, Cardio Thoracic Surgery, Dental & Facio Maxillary
Surgery, ENT General Surgery, Gynecology Laparoscopic Surgery, Neuron- Surgery
Obstetrics And Gynecology, Ophthalmology, Orthopedics, Otolaryngology, Cosmetic, Plastic
and Hand Surgery, Pediatric Surgery, Robotic Surgery, Surgical Gastro-Enterology, Surgical
124
Oncology, Urology, Vascular Surgery, Emergency Surgery, Traumatology, Endoscopic,
Head & Neck Surgery.
Laboratory Medicine or Diagnostic Services in Care Hospital Includes Bio-Chemistry,
Lab Medicine, Pathology, Micro-Biology and Clinical Genetics, Hematology, Histopathology
and Biochemistry. The non invasive labs includes ECG, TMT, TEE, Ambulatory BP
Apparatus, 2D Echocardiography, Stress Echo (DSE) Holter, Pulmonary Function Test,
Uroflometry, Sleep Test etc.
Imagine services in Care hospital covers Radio-Diagnosis, Interventional Radiology,
Nuclear Medicine Radiology and Interventional Neuroradiology.
Home healthcare services in Care hospital includes Nursing Services, General Nursing,
Catheter Care, Wound Care & Dressing, Injections, Intravenous Therapy, Tube Feedings &
Care, Physician on Cell, Laboratory Services; Sample Collection from Home,
Electrocardiogram Technician to take the ECG at the Home of the Patient, Physiotherapists
well Trained in Orthopedic, Cardiovascular, Neurological, Respiratory and Rehabilitative
Therapy, Medical Equipment Available on Rental Basis, Diabetic Care & Patient Education,
Post Stroke Care, Disease Process Education, Nebulisation/Suction/Ostomy/ Care & Patient
Education, Trained Staff will Impart Education to the Patient‘s Attendants.
Blood bank services at Care hospital located on first floor near other diagnostic lab
facilities. The blood bank works 24 hours and 7-days- a-week. The blood bank operates a
transfusion service providing blood for cardiac surgeries and therapy. The bank covers strong
processing and banking blood. The bank conducts Post Donation Screening Tests, Rh Titre,
Coombs Test Cold and Warm Antibodies, Blood Grouping and Typing as well as
Hemoglobin Tests for Blood Donors Cross Matching Tests are Done by Automated Gel
Technology.
Ambulance services of Care hospital covers pre-hospital care for all the emergency calls
that are received. The ambulances manned by well trained emergency medical technologists
and drivers who provide pre-hospital care at home en route to the hospital. These ambulances
are provides services for transfer of patients from long distances by road and air. A dedicated
team of Anesthesiologists and Emergency Medical Technologists provide services.
The emergency services in Care hospital include 24hr in-house cover by residents and
specialists of all specialties. Key elements include 24-hour in-house coverage by consultants
and prompt availability of care in varying specialties such as general surgery, orthopedic
surgery,
125
Fig No: 3.7
Product Mix in Care Hospital Product Mix Length
*Depth of the
Service
Medical
&
Surgical Services
Diagnostic Services
&
Critical Care Services
&
Causality services
Home Health Care Services
&
Blood Bank Services
&
Other Services
Emergency Services
&
Online Services
In Patient Services
&
Day Care Services
&
Patient Education Services
Corporate Services
&
Health Check-Up Services
&
International Patient Services
P
R
O
D
U
C
T
L
I
N
E
W
I
D
T
H
1.Cardiology:
*25 Beds
*Cardiothoracic Surgery
*Interventional Cardiology
2.Nephrology
*15 Beds
*Dialysis *CAPD cycler *Renal Transplant
*CRRT
3.Urology
*20 Beds
*Stone Service Management *ESWL
*PCNL/URS *Non surgical removal of
*Non surgical removal of Kidney and
ureteric stones
4.Orthopaedics & trauma
*50 Beds
5.Gastroenterology & surgical
Gastroenterology
*15 Beds *Percutaneous Endoscopic
Gastrostomies *TIPSS *ERCPS *Video
Gastroscope *Laparoscopic Surgery
*Piles Clinic *Hernia Clinic *Obesity
Clinic
6.General & laparoscopy surgery
*26 Beds
7.Organ transplantation
*Heart
*Kidney
*Liver
8.Obstetrics & gynecology
*50 Beds
*Ovarian Cancer *Fallopian blocks
9.Anaesthesiology
*ECG *Pulse * Oximeter *NIBP
7.Internal medicine
*32 Beds
8.Dermatology
*Dermato Surgery
*Dermato Pathology
9.Endocrinology
*12 Beds *Diabetic clinic
*Metabolic bone unit *Rental transplant
*Radio iodine therapy
10.Neurology
*20 Beds *Neuro-surgery
11.Dentistry
*Tooth extraction *Cavity Filling
*Implants *cosmetic Dentistry
12.ENT
*15 Beds *General year problems
*Nose and throat diseases
*hearing disorders
13.Opthalmology
*15 Beds
14.Oncology
*10 Beds *surgical oncology
15.Paediatrics
*15 Beds *General Surgery *Dialysis
*ENT*Cardiology *Cardio Thoracic
Surgery *pediatrics surgery
16.Plastic & cosmetic surgery
*15 Beds
17.Pulmonology
18.Psychiatry
19.Rheumatology
1.Diagnostic Services:
* Laboratory medicine
Pathology
Hematology
Microbiology
Histopathology
Biochemistry
*Non-Invasive Labs
ECG
TMT
TEE
Ambulatory BP apparatus
Stress echo (DSE)
Hotler
Pulmonary function test
Uroflometry
Sleep test
*Radiology
Dual source 128 slice CT scan
CT coronary angiogram
MRI with an add on facility of cardiac
Imaging
Ultrasonography/Doppler study
Digital radiography
Special radiological procedures
Digital radiography
Special radiological procedures
Tele radiology
*Nuclear Medicine
Isotope scan
Bone scan
Stress thallium
High dose iodine therapy
Renogram
*cardiac catheterization labs
*post cath recovery rooms
2.Critical care services:
*ICCU- (15 Beds)
*MICU- (16 Beds)
*PICU-(5 Beds)
*NICU-(4Beds)
*SICU-(7 Beds)
*CTICU-(19Beds)
*IMCU-(22 Beds)
*PACU- (7 Beds)
*Separate recovery room for post cath
3. Causality Services:
*20 Beds
*emergency room
*physician provided services 24/7
1. Home Health Care Services:
*Nursing Services
*General Nursing
*Catheter Care
*Wound Care & Dressing
*Injections
*Intravenous Therapy
*Tube Feedings & Care
*Physician On Call
*Laboratory Services (Sample Collection
From Home)
*ECG At The Home Of The Patient
*Physiotherapists Well Trained In
Orthopedic, Cardiovascular, Neurological,
Respiratory And Rehabilitative Therapy
*Medical Equipment On Rental Basis
*Diabetic Care & Patient Education
*Post Stroke Care
*Disease Process Education
*Nebulisation/Suction/Ostomy Care &
Patient Education
*Trained Staff Will Impart Education To
The Patient‘s Attendants
2. Blood Bank Services:
*600 Units Blood Capacity Per Month
*24/7 Days Working
*Trans Fusion Services
*Post Donation Screening Tests
*Combs Test
*Cold And Warm Antibodies
*Blood Grouping
*Blood Typing
*Hemoglobin Tests
*Cross Matching Tests
3.Other Services:
*Physiotherapy
*Occupational Therapy
*Rehabilitation
*Speech Therapy
*Speech Training
*Nutritional Counseling
*Nutrition Therapy
*Nutrition Advice For Faster Recovery
*Psychosocial Counseling
*Clinical Psychology
*Counseling And Testing Done By
*Pain And Palliative Care
*Pain Management
*End Of Life Care
*Fractures/Sprains/Strains
*Pre And Post Surgical Care
*Acute And Chronic Pain Management
*Massage Therapy
*Physical Therapy For Neurological
Disorders
1. Emergency Services:
*20 Beds
*5 Levels Triage, Resuscitation And
Observation Areas With
Defibrillator
Airway Equipment
Oxygen
Intravenous Lines And Fluids
Emergency Drugs
Ecg Machines
X-ray
Non-Invasive Ventilation (NIV)
Portable Ultrasound Devices
Radiology
Ct And Angiography
Thrombolysis
Central Venous Access
Invasive Hemodynamic Monitoring
Chest Tube Insertions
*24/7 Days Working
*Emergency Call Centers (24/7)
2. Ambulance Services:
*8 Ambulances With
Defibrillator
Monitors
Ventilators
Suction
Oxygen
Drugs
*Access With Any Land Line Or Cell
Phone
*24/7 Service
*Pre-Hospital Care
*Transfer Of Patients By Air
3.Online Services:
*Find Doctor Through On Line
*Request On Estimate Of The Treatment
Through Online
*second opinion through online
1.Inpatient Services:
Accommodation:
*General Ward: (20 Beds In One Room)
*Semi-Private Room: (5 Beds In One
Room)
*Single Room: (Non-Air-Conditioned)
*Single Room : (Air-Conditioned)
*Deluxe Room: (Air-Condition And Other
Facilities
*Executive Room : (Air-Condition And
Other
*Facilities
*Care Suit: Air-Condition And Other
Facilities)
Diet Services:
*Break Fast
*Soup/Butter Milk
*Lunch
*Tea/Coffee/Milk
*Dinner
*nutritious meals through room service
*special diet on request
*counseling from clinical dietician
*restaurant facility for attendants
*special items on request
*supply on special timings on request
Supplementary Services *Maintenance of the Case History of
Patients
*Registration (8 Counters)
*Billing (14 Counters)
Supportive services *Laundry Services
* Pharmacy Services (8 counters,4
counters working round the clock and 365
days)
*stores
*security services(63 guards working)
*parking services(3 acres of land)
2.Day Care services:
*AV Fistula
*Medical Termination
*Diagnostic Laparoscopy
*Circumcision
*Cystoscopy
*Debridement
*Dialysis
*Tonsillectomy
3. Patient Education Services:
*Patients & Responsibilities
*General Instructions
*Financial & Insurance Advices
*Legal
1.Corporate Services:
*Corporate Partnering
*Corporate Tie-Ups
*Membership
*On-Line Health Services.
*Occupational health checks.
*On-Site Doctors.
*Ambulance Service.
*Screening Camps.
*Training And Education.
*Awareness Lectures On Telemedicine
Facility.
*Health And Wellness Workshops.
*Dependent Health Care Programs.
*Corporate Emergency Management
Services
*Preventive Health Checks.
*Computerized Health Scan
*Health Counseling In Diet.
*Aerobics
2. Health Check-Up Services:
*Child Health
*Cough Profile
*Essential Heart Check
*Gastro Check
*Gynaec Check
*Heart Check
*Her Health Package
*His Health Package
*Master Cardiac Check
*Master Health Check
*Premium Diabetic Assessment Plan
*Premium Health Assessment Plan
*Pre-Placement Medical Check (Age >35)
*Pre-Placement Medical Check (Age <35)
*Prostrate Check
*Well Women
*Kidney Screening Package
*Basic Health Package
*Comprehensive Health Check
*Total Body Health Check
3. International Patient Services:
*Request On Estimate
*Medical Tourism
*Request On Estimate
*International Patient Care
*Cosmetic Surgery
*Cochlear Implants
*Pediatric Cardiology
*Total Knee Replacement
*Birmingham Hip Resurfacing
Procedure
*Coronary Angioplasty
*Stereotactic Radiotherapy And
Radiosurgery.
*Superlatives Services.
*Guidelines For Health Tourists.
*Arrangements, Pick Up At The Airport
And Accommodation.
*Medical Tour Plan
*Medical Tour Packages
*Credit Card Facilities
*Foreign Currency Arrangements
126
Neurosurgery, Anesthesiology, Emergency Medicine, Radiology, Internal Medicine, Oral and
Maxillofacial Surgery and Critical Care. The resuscitation area is a key area of an emergency
department. It usually contains several individual resuscitation bays. Each bay is equipped with a
defibrillator, airway equipment, oxygen, intravenous lines and fluids and emergency drugs etc.
The dietary services in care hospital includes meals through room services, breakfast, lunch
and dinner apart from morning and evening coffee/tea. Counseling from clinical dietician,
restaurant facility for the attendants etc. If the patient need special diets the ward nurses provide
on request. Timings are as follows
Pharmacy services in Care hospital provides 24hr pharmacy services in hospital. Care hospital
pharmacy provide free home delivery of drugs and medicines (Minimum purchase of Rs.300)
and within the radius of a couple of kilometers.
Further Care hospital providing corporate services, the hospital is recognized for providing
quality healthcare to the employees of various organizations. Any business organization would
be well advised to opt for a corporate tie-up with Care hospital.
Online services in Care hospital provide assistance to find a doctor, request an estimation of
treatment and second opinions from the doctors etc. Fig. no: 3.7 explaining the complete product
length, width and depth of Care hospital. Now we will take up the perceptions of Doctors,
Nurses and Administrative personnel on product mix of two sample hospitals.
Break Fast 7.00 am to 8.30 pm.
Soup/Buttermilk 10.30 pm to 12.00 pm.
Lunch 12.15 pm to 2.00 pm.
Tea/Coffee/Milk 3.00 pm to 4.00 pm
Dinner 7.00 pm to 8.00 pm.
127
Perceptions of Doctors about the Product Mix of Sample Hospitals
Table no: 3.1 representing perceptions of doctors about the services of the sample hospitals Table No: 3.1
Perceptions of doctors about the product mix of the sample hospitals Perception: ( 1 ) Strongly agree ( 2 ) Agree ( 3 ) can‘t say ( 4 ) Disagree ( 5 ) strongly disagree
(1)
S.L
NO
(2)
Statement
(3)
Perception
Apollo
%
care
%
1 The services providing at your hospital are attracting
the patients.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
27.99
37.33
32.02
1.33
1.33
100.00
43.98
42.70
9.33
2.66
1.33
100.00
2 Case history of patients maintained by your hospital is
always available and helpful to you in treatment.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
37.32
22.66
26.66
3.99
9.37
100.00
1.33
51.99
27.99
17.36
1.33
100.00
3 In emergency situations you recommend the patients to
go some other hospitals.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
22.66
17.33
22.66
23.99
13.36
100.00
9.33
14.66
35.81
22.66
17.54
100.00
4 Your hospital operation theaters are helpful to you for
conducting Operations.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
39.90
30.81
9.37
11.97
7.95
100.00
11.97
56.06
10.64
20.00
1.33
100.00
5 In your opinion, the package services at your hospital
are helpful to the patients.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
25.39
27.99
22.66
13.30
10.66
100.00
1.33
21.32
56.02
20.00
1.33
100.00
6 The diet supplied by your hospital to the patients helps
them for better recovery.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
35.91
23.94
14.66
18.66
6.83
100.00
14.63
44.10
22.61
17.33
1.33
100.00
128
(1)
(2) (3)
(4) (5)
7 The ambulatory services of your hospital does great
help to you for timely treatment of patients.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
21.32
32.03
22.66
20.00
3.99
100.00
10.07
42.65
44.62
1.33
1.33
100.00
8 Same day surgery services increasing your hospital
image.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
14.66
25.32
29.36
20.60
10.06
100.00
14.66
25.32
57.36
1.33
1.33
100.00
9
You will believe that the equipment at Pathology,
Radiology departments are latest and information
supplied by them is helpful to you.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
25.32
31.99
22.66
9.33
10.70
100.00
17.33
41.32
24.02
16.00
1.33
100.00
10 Hospital providing telemedicine services are useful to
you for better treatment.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
25.27
14.66
35.99
14.66
9.33
100.00
17.33
16.00
64.01
1.33
1.33
100.00
11 The nursing staff at your hospital is competent, and
cooperative.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
35.99
43.99
6.70
9.33
3.99
100.00
22.66
62.69
3.99
9.33
1.33
100.00
12 In your opinion, your housekeeping department is doing
well.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
21.32
31.92
25.44
14.66
6.66
100.00
16.00
29.32
29.36
23.99
1.33
100.00
13 Your ICU services are good and help the patients, who
are in critical conditions.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
27.90
50.81
13.30
6.66
1.33
100.00
30.59
41.50
14.66
11.92
1.33
100.00
129
An opinion poll was conducted among the respondents about the product of the sample
hospitals on various aspects. For the statement, ‗services being provided at the hospital are
attracting the patients‘, among the total of 75 respondents 21 respondents i.e. 27.99% expressed
strongly agree opinion in Apollo and in Care 33 respondents with 43.98%. 29 respondents
expressed agree opinion in Apollo was 29 with 37.33% and in Care 32 respondents with 42.70%.
(1)
(2) (3)
(4) (5)
14 Your hospital is having good patient care.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
31.99
28.08
13.30
14.66
11.97
100.00
16.00
42.77
16.00
23.90
1.33
100.00
15
Your hospital transportation services are serving
maximum number of patients.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
14.88
25.27
39.90
11.97
7.98
100.00
1.33
25.27
52.07
20.00
1.33
100.00
16 Your hospital reception services are good.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
30.65
42.74
11.97
7.98
6.66
100.00
16.00
57.35
9.33
10.66
6.66
100.00
17 Your hospital pharmacy services are providing required
medicines in the hospital premises.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
35.99
42.73
11.97
7.98
1.33
100.00
43.99
41.38
5.32
7.98
1.33
100.00
18 When compared to other corporate hospitals, this
hospital is providing better services to the patients.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
44.06
35.98
11.97
6.66
1.33
100.00
18.66
53.38
11.97
14.66
1.33
100.00
19 Centralized patient services are good and serving
patients well in this hospital.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
25.33
27.99
30.72
7.98
7.98
100.00
17.33
35.99
44.02
1.33
1.33
100.00
20 This hospital is more capable in developing and
launching new services.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
22.66
17.33
20.00
25.35
14.66
100.00
6.66
26.66
26.66
38.69
1.33
100.00
130
The neutral opinion was taken place among the 25 respondents with 32.02% in Apollo and in
Care 7 respondents with 9.33%. 1.33% has expressed disagree opinion in Apollo and in Care 2
respondents with 2.66% expressed. Likewise 1.33% of the respondents also expressed strongly
disagreed opinion in Apollo and in Care only 1 respondent with 1.33% expressed. All in all, the
respondents in Apollo and Care are satisfied with the services being provided by the both
hospitals.
An attempt was made on the ‗case history of patients maintained by the hospital is always
available and helpful in giving treatment‘, 28 respondents with 37.32% expressed strongly agree
opinion in Apollo whereas 1.33% in case of Care. Only 17 respondents with 22.66% expressed
agree opinion in case of Apollo and in Care maximum number of 41 respondents with 51.99%.
20 respondents with 26.66% in Apollo and in Care 21 respondents with 27.93% expressed
neutral opinion. 3 respondents with 3.99% expressed disagree opinion in Apollo and in Care 13
respondents with 17.36% expressed. 7 respondents with 9.37% expressed strongly disagree
opinion in case of Apollo where as in Care 1.33% was there. From the above, it can be
understood that a majority of the respondents are under the opinion, that the case history of
patients maintained by the hospitals is always available and helpful in giving treatment.
The survey has focused on ‗emergency situations where the doctors recommend the patients
to go to some other hospitals‘. On this statement 17 respondents with 22.66% expressed strongly
agree opinion in Apollo and in case of Care only 7 respondents with 9.33% expressed. 13
respondents with 17.33% expressed agree opinion and in Care 11 respondents with 14.66%. The
neutral opinion was taken place among 17 respondents with 22.66% in Apollo and in Care 27
respondents with 35.81%. 18 respondents with 23.99% in case of Apollo and in Care 17
respondents with 22.66% expressed disagree opinion. The strongly disagree opinion given by 10
respondents with 13.56% in Apollo and in Care 13 respondents with 17.54%. Finally it is
observed that no respondent has supported the statement of recommending some other hospitals
by the doctors ever in emergency conditions.
With regard to ‗hospital operation theatres are helpful in conducting operations‘, 30
respondents with 39.90% expressed strongly agree opinion in case of Apollo where as in Care 9
respondents with 11.97%. There were about 23 respondents with 30.81% in Apollo expressed
agree opinion but in Care the maximum respondents of 43 with 56.06% expressed the same
opinion. The neutral opinion was taken place among 7 respondents with 9.37% in Apollo and in
131
Care 8 respondents with 10.64%. 9 respondents with 11.97 in Apollo expressed disagree opinion
but in Care 15 respondents with 20.00% expressed. 6 respondents with 7.95% in Apollo and
1.33% in case of Care expressed strongly disagree opinion. From the above analysis, it can be
understood that majority of respondents are under the opinion that the operation theatre are more
helpful in conducting operations.
The statement of analysis poses a query; ‗the package services at your hospital are helpful to
the patients‘. 19 respondents with 25.32% expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo and 1.33%
in case of Care. 21 respondents with 27.99% expressed agree opinion in Apollo where as 16
respondents with 21.32% in case of Care Hospital. The neutral opinion came up from among 17
respondents with 22.66% in Apollo and in Care 44 respondents with 560.2%. When the question
of disagree comes 10 respondents with 13.30% in Apollo and in Care 15 respondents with
20.00% expressed. 8 respondents with 10.66% strongly disagree in Apollo and 1.33% in Care
Hospitals. It can be observed from the above analysis of statement that difference of opinion was
taken place in respect of package services helpful to the patients in the hospitals.
For the statement relating to the ‗diet supplied by the hospital to the patients helps them for
better recovery‘. Out of 75 respondents participated, 27 respondents with 35.91% expressed
strongly agree opinion in Apollo whereas 11 respondents with 14.63% in Care Hospital. 18
respondents with 23.94% expressed agree opinion in Apollo but in case of Care a large number
of 34 respondents with 44.10% followed the same opinion. 11 respondents with 14.66% in
Apollo and 17 respondents with 22.66% in Care Hospital expressed neutral opinion. 14
respondents with 18.66% in Apollo and 13 respondents with 17.33%have expressed disagree
opinion.5 respondents with 6.83% strongly disagreed in Apollo, whereas 1.33% in Care
Hospital. It can be understood from the above statement that a long number of respondents
accept the diet supplied by these hospitals will certainly help the patients for better recovery.
With regard to the ‗ambulatory services being offered at the hospital are helpful for giving
timely treatment to patients‘ 16 respondents with 21.32% expressed strongly agree opinion in
Apollo and 8 respondents with 10.07% as in case of Care Hospital. 24 respondents with 32.03%
expressed agree opinion in Apollo Hospital where as in Care Hospital 32 respondents with
42.65% expressed the same. The neutral opinion was derived from among 17 respondents with
22.66% in Apollo but in Care it was 35 respondents with 44.62%. 15 respondents with 20.00%
expressed disagree opinion in Apollo Hospital where as in Care no 1.33%. In case of strongly
132
disagree opinion, only 3 respondents with 3.99% in Apollo and 1.33% in Care Hospital
expressed. On examining the statement it is found that more number of respondents expressed
that the ambulatory services of these hospitals does great help for timely treatment of patients.
The survey has focused on the subject that the ‗same day surgery services increases the
hospital image‘, 11 respondents with 14.66% expressed strongly agree opinion in both the
hospitals of Apollo and Care. The agreed opinion percentage of respondents also is same as in
case of Apollo and Care as 19 respondents with 25.32%. 22 respondents with 29.36% expressed
neutral opinion in case of Apollo but it was 45 respondents with 57.36% expressed in Care. The
disagreed opinion came up from 15 respondents with 20.60% in Apollo where as 1.33% in Care
Hospital. Likewise 8 respondents with 10.66% expressed the strongly disagree opinion where as
1.33% in Care Hospital. On going through the analysis of statement, the respondents are not in a
position to take a decision on the subject.
An attempt was made on the equipment at‘ Pathology, Radiology departments are latest and
information supplied by them is helpful‘. Out of 75 respondents, 19 respondents with 25.32%
have expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo but in case of Care only 13 respondents with
17.33%. 24 respondents with 31.99% agree opinion in Apollo and in case of Care Hospital 32
respondents with 41.32% expressed the same opinion. The neutral opinion was expressed among
17 respondents with 22.66% in Apollo, in Care 18 respondents with 24.02%. 7 respondents with
9.33% expressed disagree opinion in Apollo Hospital. Whereas 12 respondents with 16.00% in
Care Hospital. The strongly disagree opinion was taken place among 8 respondents with 10.70%
in Apollo and 1.33% in Care Hospital. From the above analysis it can be found that a large
number of respondents are of the opinion that the equipment relating to Pathology and Radiology
departments are latest and information supplied by then is useful.
Pertaining to the ‗usefulness of providing telemedicine services in the hospital for better
treatment‘, 19 respondents with 25.36% in Apollo expressed strongly agree opinion and 13
respondents with 17.33% in case of Care Hospital. 11 respondents with 14.66% expressed agree
opinion in Apollo Hospital and 12 respondents with 16.00% expressed the same opinion in Care
Hospital. The neutral expression was arrived from among 27 respondents with 35.99% in Apollo
and in Care 50 respondents with 64.01%. 11 respondents with 14.66% expressed disagreed
opinion in Apollo Hospital and 1.33% in Care. Likewise 7 respondents with 9.33% expressed
strongly disagreed opinion in Apollo and 1.33% in Care Hospital. It can be found from the above
133
analysis statement; majority of respondents appears that they are not in a position to come to a
conclusion on providing telemedicine services whether they are helpful for better treatment.
The analysis of statement on the subject that ‗nursing staff at hospital are competent and
cooperative‘, 27 respondents with 35.99% in Apollo Hospital expressed strongly agree opinion
whereas 17 respondents with 22.66% in case of Care. 33 respondents with 44.03% expressed
agree opinion in Apollo Hospital and in case of Care 48 respondents with 62.69% expressed. 5
respondents with 6.70% in Apollo and in Care only 3 respondents with 3.99% expressed neutral
opinion. The disagreed opinion was taken place among 7 respondents with 9.33% in Apollo and
in Care also the same position appeared. 3 respondents with 3.99% in Apollo and 1.33% in case
of Care has expressed strongly disagree opinion. In general the opinion of the respondents are
very positive in respect of nursing staff of both the hospitals are competent and cooperative.
The survey was taken place on the subject that ‗the house keeping departments doing well‘,
16 respondents with 21.32% have expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo Hospital and in
Care 12 respondents with 16.00% expressed the same opinion. 24 respondents with 31.92%
expressed agree opinion in Apollo and 23 respondents with 29.32% in Care Hospital. The neutral
opinion was taken place among 19 respondents with 25.44% in Apollo and 22 respondents with
29.36%in Care Hospital. 11 respondents with 14.66% in Apollo and in care 18 respondents with
23.99% expressed disagreed opinion. 5 respondents with 6.66% has expressed strongly disagree
opinion in Apollo Hospital and 1.33% in Care Hospital. From the above it can be under stood
that major portion of respondents are under the opinion that the house keeping department is
performing well in both the hospitals.
Further, an attempt was made on the subject that ‗the ICU services are good and help the
patients, who are in critical conditions‘, 21 respondents with 27.90% expressed strongly agree
opinion in Apollo and in case of Care 23 respondents with 30.59% expressed in same opinion. 39
respondents with 50.81% expressed agree opinion in Apollo Hospital and in Care 32 respondents
with 41.50% expressed. 10 respondents with 13.30% in Apollo and in Care 11 respondents with
14.66% expressed neutral opinion. 5 respondents with 6.66% expressed disagreed opinion in
Apollo and in case of Care 9 respondents with 11.92% expressed the same opinion. 1.33% in
both the hospitals has expressed strongly disagree opinion. On going through above analysis of
statement it appears that the respondents are under the opinion that the ICU services are good
and help the patients, who are in critical conditions.
134
The survey has been extended in respect of the ‗hospitals having good patient care‘, 24
respondents with 31.99% have expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo but in Care hospital
only 12 respondents with 16.00%. 21 respondents with 28.08% expressed agree opinion in
Apollo hospital where as in Care hospital 33 respondents with 42.77% expressed the same
opinion. The neutral opinion was taken place in respect of Apollo hospital form 10 respondents
with 13.30% and in Care Hospital. 12 respondents with 16.00%, 11 respondents with 14.66% in
case of Apollo and in Care Hospital 18 respondents with23.90% expressed disagree opinion. 9
respondents with 11.97% have expressed strongly disagree opinion in Apollo and 1.33% in Care
Hospital. From the above discussion, it reveals that majority of respondents are under the
impression that both the hospitals are having good patient Care.
In the aspect of ‗hospital transportation services are serving maximum number of patients‘, 11
respondents with 14.88% have expressed strongly agree opinion in respect of Apollo Hospital
where as 1.33% in Care Hospital. The equal number of 19 respondents with 25.27% have
expressed agree opinion in both the hospitals of Apollo and Care. The neutral opinion was taken
place among 30 respondents with 39.90% in case of Apollo and 41 respondents with 52.07% in
Care. 9 respondents with 11.97% expressed disagree opinion in Apollo and in Care 15
respondents with 20.00% was expressed. In respect of strongly disagreed opinion 6 respondents
with 7.98% in Apollo and 1.33% in Care Hospital. On the whole the statement reveals that the
respondents are under neutral opinion about the transportation services are serving maximum
number of patients.
As regards the ‗hospital reception services are good‘, 23 respondents with 30.65% in Apollo
hospital have expressed strongly agree opinion and 12 respondents with 16.00% in Care
Hospital. 32 respondents with 42.74% in Apollo and 43 respondents with 57.35% have expressed
agreed opinion in Care Hospital. 9 respondents with 11.97% in Apollo and in Care 7 respondents
with 9.33% expressed neutral opinion. 6 respondents with 7.98% expressed disagree opinion in
Apollo and in Care 8 respondents with 10.66% expressed. Equal number of 5 respondents with
6.66% have expressed the strongly disagree opinion in both the hospitals of Apollo and Care. On
going through the above analysis, it can be understood that a major portion of respondents are
under the opinion that these hospitals reception services are good.
An attempt was made about the ‗hospital pharmacy services are providing required medicines
in the hospital pharmacy‘, 27 respondents with 35.99% in Apollo where as in Care 34
135
respondents with 43.99% have expressed strongly agree opinion. 37 respondents with 42.73% in
respect of Apollo and in Care 31 respondents with 41.38% have expressed agree opinion. The
neutral opinion came up from among 9 respondents with 11.97% in Apollo and in Care Hospital
4 respondents with 5.32%. The equal number of 6 respondents with 7.98% has expressed
disagree opinion in both the hospitals of Apollo and Care. The strongly disagree opinion was
noticed as 1.33% in both the hospitals. In conclusion, it is known that cancellation the major
portion of respondents are under the opinion that hospital pharmacy services are providing
required medicines in the hospital premises.
It was surveyed whether ‗this hospital is providing better services to the patients in
comparison with other hospitals‘. 33 respondents with 44.06% have expressed strongly agree
opinion in respect of Apollo whereas in Care Hospital it was only 14 respondents with 18.66%.
27 respondents with 35.98% have expressed agree opinion in Apollo and in Care Hospital it was
form 41 respondents with 53.38%. The neutral opinion was arrived form an equal number of 9
respondents with 11.97% in both the hospitals of Apollo and Care. 5 respondents with 6.66%
expressed disagreed opinion from Apollo and in Care 11 respondents with 14.66% .The strongly
disagree opinion was arrived from a least percentage of 1.33% from Apollo and 1.33% in case of
Care. When the above analysis is examined, it is revealed that a large number of respondents
accept that both the hospitals are providing better services to the patients when compared to
other corporate hospitals.
On the subject of ‗centralized patient services are good and serving patients well in this
hospital‘, 19 respondents with 25.33% expressed strongly agree opinion against Apollo hospital
and in case of Care hospital 13 respondents with 17.33% has taken place. 21 respondents with
27.99% have expressed agreed opinion in respect of Apollo and 27 respondents with 35.99% in
case of Care hospital expressed. Most of 23 respondents with 30.72% in Apollo and 35
respondents with 44.02% in Care hospital expressed neutral opinion. 6 respondents with 7.98%
expressed disagreed opinion in case of Apollo and 1.33% in Care Hospital. In the same way 6
respondents with 7.98% have expressed strongly disagree opinion in Apollo and 1.33% in Care
hospital. From the above, it can be understood that major number of respondents are under the
neutral opinion that the centralized patients are good and serving patients well in both the
hospitals.
136
The survey was under taken against ‗this hospital is more capable in developing and
launching new services‘,17 respondents with 22.66% in case of Apollo and in Care 5
respondents with 6.66% have expressed strongly agreed opinion.13 respondents with 17.33%
have expressed agree opinion in Apollo and in care 20 respondents with 26.66% was shown. The
neutral opinion was expressed from among 15 respondents with 20.00% in Apollo and in Care
20 respondents with26.66%. 9 respondents with 25.35% expressed their disagree opinion in
Apollo and in care 30 respondents with 38.69% expressed. 11 respondents with 14.66% have
expressed their strongly disagree opinion in case of Apollo, whereas in Care 1.33% has
expressed the same opinion. On going through the above analysis it reveals that majority are of
the opinion that both the hospitals are capable in developing and launching new services in both
the hospitals.
From the above discussion it can be concluded that, most of the respondents from Apollo
hospital having good opinion about their products/services. But in some aspects they are not
producing good services like ICU services, Pharmacy services, etc. they are concentrating
especially on maintenance of patients case histories, operation theaters, diet supplies, nursing
services, patient care aspects, transportation services, reception services etc. Further it is
observed that Apollo paying interest in developing and launching new services in the market
before their competitors. In the Case of care hospital as per the respondents‘ opinion, they are not
concentrating on service production, when compared to Apollo hospital. Care is not satisfactorily
working in the aspects of emergency services, operation theaters maintenance, packaging
services, dietary services, ambulatory services, telemedicine services, house keeping services,
transportation services etc. but it is observed that the Care is doing well in producing services
like same day surgeries, ICU services and Pharmacy services when compared to Apollo hospital.
On the whole, it is observed that the product mix is good in two sample hospitals. Now we will
take up the perceptions of nurses on product mix in two sample hospitals.
137
Perceptions of Nurses about the Product Mix of Sample Hospitals
Table no: 3.2 representing perceptions of nurses about product of the sample hospitals Table No: 3.2
Perceptions of nurses about product mix of the sample hospitals Perception: ( 1 ) Strongly agree ( 2 ) Agree ( 3 ) can‘t say ( 4 ) Disagree ( 5 ) strongly disagree
(1)
S.L
NO
(2)
Statement
(3)
Perception
(4)
Apollo
%
(5)
Care
%
1 The services providing at your hospital are attracting the
patients.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
45.03
33.66
0.66
19.99
0.66
100.00
32.34
65.68
0.66
0.66
0.66
100.00
2 Case history of patients maintained by your hospital is
always available and helpful to you in treatment.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
17.96
49.75
11.32
14.31
6.66
100.00
33.66
39.71
11.98
14.65
0.66
100.00
3 In emergency situations you recommend the patients to
go some other hospitals.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
17.98
35.82
24.42
15.18
6.60
100.00
12.54
67.00
13.86
5.94
0.66
100.00
4 Your hospital operation theaters are helpful to you for
conducting Operations.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
44.80
47.28
6.60
0.66
0.66
100.00
32.62
65.40
0.66
0.66
0.66
100.00
5 In your opinion, the package services at your hospital
are helpful to the patients.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
25.30
28.15
32.63
7.32
6.6
100.00
13.20
37.53
47.95
0.66
0.66
100.00
6 The diet supplied by your hospital to the patients helps
them for better recovery.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
33.30
44.26
6.60
7..92
7..92
100.00
51.31
27.30
19.99
0.66
0.66
100.00
138
(1)
(2) (3)
(4) (5)
7 The ambulatory services of your hospital does great
help to you for timely treatment of patients.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
52.61
27.40
5.99
7.32
6.68
100.00
38.28
39.76
13.98
7.32
0.66
100.00
8 Same day surgery services increasing your hospital
image.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
31.47
35.30
12.65
13.98
6.6
100.00
13.20
50.18
35.30
0.66
0.66
100.00
9
You will believe that the equipment at Pathology,
Radiology departments are latest and information
supplied by them is helpful to you.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
22.54
28.63
26.19
14.65
7.99
100.00
20.09
37.30
33.96
7..99
0.66
100.00
10 Hospital providing telemedicine services are useful to
you for better treatment.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
42.79
49.29
6.60
0.66
0.66
100.00
26.64
48.07
15.98
8.65
0.66
100.00
11 The nursing staff at your hospital is competent, and
cooperative.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
44.78
47.30
6.60
0.66
0.66
100.00
64.61
27.47
6.60
0.66
0.66
100.00
12 In your opinion, your housekeeping department is doing
well.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
24.21
29.30
19.31
13.98
13.20
100.00
25.97
53.40
12.65
7.32
0.66
100.00
13 Your ICU services are good and help the patients, who
are in critical conditions.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
40.75
25.97
12.65
11.98
8.65
100.00
12.65
65.27
7.26
14.16
0.66
100.00
139
A sample Hospital survey has been taken up among the nurses on the subject of the ‗services
being provided at the Hospital attracting the patients‘.150 respondents participated out of which
69 respondents with 45.03% expressed strongly agree opinion in respect of Apollo and 49
respondents with 32.34% in Care Hospital. 51 respondents with 33.66% expressed agree opinion
(1)
(2) (3)
(4) (5)
14 Your hospital is having good patient care.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
27.30
26.76
25.97
11.98
7.99
100.00
50.08
27.30
13.98
7.32
1.32
100.00
15
Your hospital transportation services are serving
maximum number of patients.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
25.97
26.64
20.76
12.65
13.98
100.00
31.30
32.64
20.76
13.98
1.32
100.00
16 Your hospital reception services are good.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
36.74
29.97
17.98
7.99
7.32
100.00
26.76
37.96
20.64
7.32
7.32
100.00
17 Your hospital pharmacy services are providing required
medicines in the hospital premises.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
38.58
39.96
13.20
7.60
0.66
100.00
33.41
43.30
13.98
7.99
1.32
100.00
18 When compared to other corporate hospitals, this
hospital is providing better services to the patients.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
44.08
45.96
7.32
1.32
1.32
100.00
33.98
40.07
23.31
1.32
1.32
100.00
19 Centralized patient services are good and serving
patients well in this hospital.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
19.49
32.63
27.30
13.98
6.60
100.00
25.68
39.30
27.30
6.40
1.32
100.00
20 This hospital is more capable in developing and
launching new services.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
20.64
26.13
26.64
19.99
6.60
100.00
34.14
32.63
20.64
5.99
6.60
100.00
140
in respect of Apollo and in Care 99 respondents with 65.38% expressed the same opinion. In
case of Apollo, 0.66% has expressed neutral opinion, in Care Hospital also a meager percentage
of 0.66% expressed. The disagreed opinion has come from 30 respondents with 19.99% in
Apollo and in Care it was only from one respondent with 0.66%. In both the Hospitals, 0.66%
has expressed strongly disagree opinion. On the whole, it can be noticed that a large number of
respondents are of the opinion that in both the Hospitals the services being provided are
attracting the patients.
Further, the survey was aimed at ‗the case history of patients maintained by the hospital is
always available and helpful to you in treatment‘. For these 27 respondents with 17.96% have
expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo Hospital but in Care it was 51 respondents with
33.66%. 73 respondents with 49.75% expressed agree opinion in Apollo where as in Care 59
respondents with 39.71%. The neutral opinion was arrived among 17 respondents with 11.32%
in Apollo and in Care 18 respondents with 11.98%. 23 respondents with 14.31% in Apollo was
expressed disagree opinion where as in Care it was 22 respondents with 14.65%. The strongly
disagree opinion was taken place among 10 respondents with 6.66% in both the Hospitals. It is
observed from the above analysis of statement that majority of respondents are under the opinion
that the case history of patients maintained by the both Hospitals are always available and
helpful in treatment.
On the subject of ‗recommending patients to go some other Hospitals in emergency
conditions‘ the opinion poll says 27 respondents with 17.98% have expressed strongly agree
opinion in respect of Apollo Hospital and in case of Case 19 respondents with 12.65% have
expressed the same opinion. 23 respondents with 35.82% have expressed agree opinion in
Apollo as in case of Care it was 101 respondents with 67.00%. The neutral opinion has come up
from 37 respondents with 24.64% and in Care 21 respondents with 13.98%. 23 respondents with
15.31% expressed disagreed opinion in Apollo and 9 respondents with 5.99% express the same
opinion in case of Care Hospital. 10 respondents with 6.60% have expressed strongly disagree
opinion in respect of Apollo and 0.66% in Care Hospital. It can be seen from the above analysis
that the respondents are certainly suggesting the patients to go to some other Hospital in
emergency conditions in respect of the both Hospitals.
As regards the ‗Hospital operation theatre is helpful in conducting operations‘, 69 respondents
with 44.80% expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo Hospital where as in Care Hospital 49
141
respondents with 32.62%. 71 respondents with 47.28% expressed agree opinion in Apollo where
as in Care a large number of 101 respondents with 65.40% have expressed the same opinions. 10
respondents with 6.60% have express neutral opinion in case of Apollo but only 0.66% was in
case of Care Hospital. The disagreed and strongly disagreed opinion was found as 0.66% in both
the Hospitals. From the above analysis, it can be found that large number of respondents is under
the opinion that the operations theatre is certainly helpful in conducting operations.
On the subject of ‗service packages at the hospital are helpful to the patients‘, 38 respondents
with 25.30% expressed their strongly agree opinion in case of Apollo Hospital, where as in Care
Hospital 20 respondents with 13.20%. 42 respondents with 28.15% expressed their agree opinion
in Apollo but in case of Care Hospital, it was 58 respondents with 37.53%. The neutral opinions
were taken place among 49 respondents with 32.63% in case of Apollo and 72 respondents with
47.95% in case of Care Hospital. 11 respondents with 7.32% expressed their disagree opinion in
case of Apollo but 0.66% in the case of Care Hospital. 10 respondents with 6.60% have
expressed strongly disagree opinion in Apollo but in Care Hospital 0.66% expressed the same
opinion. In conclusion, it is understood that a large number of respondents are under neutral
opinion about the aspect of package services of the Hospital are helpful to the patients.
The survey has been directed on the subject of the ‗diet supplied by the Hospital to the
patients helps them for better recovery‘. 53 respondents with 35.30% expressed their strongly
agree opinion in respect of Apollo and in case of Care a large number of 79 respondents with
51.31% expressed the same opinion. 63 respondents with 44.26% expressed their agree opinion
in respect of Apollo Hospital where as in case of Care Hospital it was 41 respondents with
27.30%. The neutral opinion was taken place among 10 respondents with 6.60% in Apollo
Hospital and in Care the 30 respondents with 19.99%. 12 respondents with 7.92% expressed
their disagree opinion in Apollo and in case of Care Hospital 0.66% has expressed. In the same
way the strongly disagree opinion also came up from 12 respondents with 7.92% in Apollo and
0.66% in Care Hospital. There by, the above said analysis shows that a large number of
respondents are under the opinion that the diet supplied by these Hospitals certainly helps for the
speedy recovery of the patients.
Further study was made on the subject of the ‗ambulatory services at the Hospital does great
help in extending timely treatment of patients‘. 79 respondents with 52.61% expressed strongly
agree opinion in Apollo and in Care only 58 respondents with 38.28% have expressed the same
142
opinion. 41 respondents with 27.40% expressed agreed opinion in Apollo and in Care only 58
respondents with 39.76% have expressed the same opinion. The neutral opinion came up from
among 9 respondents with 5.99% in Apollo and 21 respondents with 13.98% appears in Care
Hospital. The equal numbers of 11 respondents disagree with a percentage of 7.32% in both the
Hospitals. In case of strongly disagreed opinion, 10 respondents with 6.68% expressed in Apollo
and 0.66% in Care Hospital. On going through the above analysis it can be understood that
majority of respondents are accepting that the ambulatory services of the Hospitals are helpful
for the timely treatment of the patients.
As regards the ‗same day surgery services increasing the Hospital image‘, 47 respondents
with 31.47% expressed their strongly agree opinion in respect of Apollo Hospital where as in
Care Hospital it was from 20 respondents with 13.20%. The agree opinion came up from a large
number of 53 respondents with 35.30% in Apollo and 77 respondents with 50.18% in Care
Hospital. 19 respondents with 12.65% in Apollo Hospital and in Care 53 respondents with
35.30% expressed neutral opinion. The disagree opinion came up from among 21 respondents
with 13.98% in case of Apollo and 0.66% was there in respect of Care Hospital. In the same way
10 respondents with 6.6% expressed strongly disagree opinion in Apollo and 0.66% in Care
Hospital. It can be observed from the above analysis that majority of respondents are under the
opinion that same day surgery services will help in increasing the image of Hospitals.
An attempt was made on the subject of the ‗equipment at Pathology, Radiology departments
and information supplied by them is helpful‘, 33 respondents with 22.54% strongly agree in
Apollo and 30 respondents with 20.09% in Care Hospital. 43 respondents with 28.63% expressed
their agree opinion in respect of Apollo where as in case of Care Hospital 57 respondents with
37.30% was noticed. The neutral opinion came up from among 40 respondents with 26.19% in
Apollo and 51 respondents with 33.96% respect of Care Hospital was noticed. 22 respondents
with 14.65% expressed disagreed opinion in Apollo where as 12 respondents with 7.99% in Care
Hospital. The strongly disagree opinion was taken place among 12 respondents with 7.99% in
Apollo Hospital and 0.66% in Care Hospital. On the whole it can be observed that a large
number of respondents believe that the latest equipment pertaining to Pathology, Radiology
departments and information supplied is helpful.
In course of opinion poll conducting, it was stressed on the ‗telemedicine services being
provided at the Hospital are useful for better treatment‘. 64 respondents with 42.79% in case of
143
Apollo Hospital have expressed strongly agree opinion where as in case of Care, it was from 40
respondents with 26.64%. A large number of 76 respondents with 49.29% have expressed agree
opinion in respect of Apollo and 73 respondents with 48.07% in case of Care Hospital. The
neutral opinion was given by 10 respondents 6.60% against Apollo and 24 respondents with
15.98% against Care Hospital. In case of Apollo Hospital 0.66% only has expressed disagreed
opinion where as in case of Care 13 respondents with 8.65% expressed. There are 0.66% of
respondents expressed the strongly disagree opinion in both the Hospitals. From the above
analysis, it is noticed that large number of respondents are under the opinion that telemedicine
services are useful for better treatment.
The survey has been undertaken on the aspect of ‗competence and cooperation of nursing
staff at the Hospital‘. 67 respondents with 44.78% have expressed strongly agree opinion in
respect of Apollo and 99 respondents with 64.61% in Care Hospital. 73 respondents with 47.30%
have expressed their agree opinion in Apollo where as in Care 41 respondents with 27.47%
expressed the same.. Equal numbers of 10 respondents with 6.60% have given neutral opinion in
respect of both Hospitals. 0.66% has appeared to express disagreed opinion in respect of both the
Hospitals of Apollo and Care. In the same way, the strongly disagree opinion was also expressed
by 0.66% in both the Hospitals of Apollo and Care. It appears from the above, that the nursing
staff is competent and cooperative in respect of both the Hospitals.
As regards the ‗house keeping department is doing well‘, 36 respondents with 24.21% in
Apollo and in Care 39 respondents with 25.97% expressed strongly agree opinion. 44
respondents with 29.30% in Apollo Hospital expressed agree opinion and in Care 81 respondents
with 53.40%. The neutral opinion came up among 29 respondents with 19.31% in Apollo and 19
respondents with 12.65% as in case of Care Hospital. 21 respondents with 13.98% in Apollo and
11 respondents with 7.32% in Care Hospital expressed disagrees opinion. The strongly disagrees
opinion has taken place in respect of 20 respondents with 13.20% in Apollo and 0.66% in Care
Hospital. It can be observed from the above decision that the house keeping department is doing
well in both the Hospitals.
The survey has been extended on the ‗ICU services are good and help the patients, who are in
critical conditions‘, 61 respondents with 40.75% expressed strongly agree opinion in case of
Apollo and 19 respondents with 12.65% in respect of Care Hospital. 39 respondents with 25.97%
in Apollo Hospital and 99 respondents with 65.27% in respect of Care Hospital expressed agreed
144
opinion. The neutral opinion was expressed from 19 respondents with 12.65% in Apollo and in
case of Care 11 respondents with 7.26%. 18 respondents with 11.98% in Apollo and 21
respondents with 14.16% expressed disagreed opinion in Care Hospital. 13 respondents with
8.65% expressed strongly disagreed opinion in Apollo and 0.66% in case of Care Hospital. From
the above analysis of statement it reveals that majority that ICU services are good and help the
patients, who are critical conditions.
An attempt was made on the aspect that ‗your Hospital is having good patient Care‘. 41
respondents with 27.30% expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo Hospital where as 77
respondents with 50.08% in case of Care Hospital. 40 respondents with 26.76% expressed agree
opinion in Apollo Hospital and in Care Hospital also 41 respondents with 27.30% expressed the
same. The neutral opinion was expressed among 39 respondents with 25.97% in Apollo and in
Care Hospital it was 21 respondents with 13.98%. The disagreed opinion has taken place among
18 respondents with 11.98% in Apollo where as in Care Hospital it was from 11 respondents
with 7.32%. 12 respondents with 7.99% were expressed strongly disagree opinion in Apollo but
1.32% in Care Hospital. It can be noticed form the above analysis that large number of
respondents were on the opinion of that both the Hospital are having good patient Care.
As regards the Hospital ‗transportation services are serving maximum number of patients‘, 39
respondents with 25.97% were expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo where as in Care it
was 47 respondents with 31.30%. 40 respondents with 26.64% in Apollo expressed agree
opinion, but in Care Hospital 51 respondents with 32.64% have expressed the same opinion.
Equal number of 31 respondents with 20.76% expressed the neutral opinion in both the Hospitals
of Apollo and Care. 19 respondents with 12.65% in case of Apollo disagree, where as 21
respondents with 13.98% in Care Hospital expressed the same. 21 respondents with 13.98%
expressed strongly disagrees opinion where as in Care 1.32% expressed the same opinion. On
going through the above analysis it reveals that majority of respondents are under the impression
that the Hospital transportation services are serving maximum number of patients.
In continuation of the opinions gathered another step has made on the subject that the
‗Hospital reception services are good‘, 55 respondents with 36.74% has expressed strongly agree
opinion in Apollo but 40 respondents with 26.74% in case of Care Hospital. 45 respondents with
29.97% expressed agree opinion in respect of Apollo Hospital where as in Care Hospital 57
respondents with 37.96% was expressed. The neutral opinion was taken place among 27
145
respondents with 17.98% in Apollo and in Care it was from 31 respondents with 20.64%. 12
respondents with 7.99% expressed disagrees opinion in respect of Apollo Hospital and in Care
Hospital it was from 11 respondents with 7.32%. 11 respondents with 7.32% expressed strongly
disagrees opinion in case of Apollo Hospital and 11 respondents with 7.32% in Care Hospital.
Overall it is observed that a number of respondents are agreed that the Hospitals reception
services are good.
The survey has taken up on the ‗Hospital pharmacy services providing required medicine in
the Hospital pumices‘, 59 respondents with 39.58% has expressed strongly agree opinion in
respect of Apollo and 50 respondents with 33.41% in Care Hospital. 60 respondents with 39.96%
expressed agree opinion in respect of Apollo where as it was 67 respondents with 43.30% in
Care Hospital. The neutral opinion has taken place in respect of Apollo Hospital was 20
respondents with 13.20% and in Care it was 21 respondents with 13.98%. 10 respondents with
7.60% has expressed disagree opinion in Apollo where as in Care 12 respondents with 7.99% in
respect of Care Hospital. The strongly disagree opinion was taken place a meager percentage of
0.66% in Apollo and 1.32% in Care Hospital. On going through the analysis it is observed that
majority of respondents are under the opinion that the Hospitals pharmacy services are providing
required medicines in the Hospital pumices.
On the subject of ‗comparison with other corporate Hospitals, this Hospital is providing better
services to the patients‘, 68 respondents with 44.08% in Apollo has expressed strongly agree
opinion where as in Care it was from 53 respondents with 33.98%. 71 respondents with 45.96%
has expressed agreed opinion in respect of Apollo Hospital where as 62 respondents with
40.07% has expressed the same opinion in Care Hospital. 11 respondents with 7.32% in Apollo
Hospital and 35 respondents with 23.31% in Care Hospital have expressed neutral opinion.
1.32% has expressed disagree opinion in both the Hospitals. Likewise 1.32% has expressed
strongly disagree opinion in respect of the Apollo and Care Hospitals. On the whole it is
observed that a large number of respondents are under the opinion that no other cooperative
Hospitals will provide better services than these Hospitals.
On the subject ‗centralized patient services are good and servicing patients well in this
Hospital‘, 29 respondents with 19.49% have expressed strongly agreed opinion in respect of
Apollo and in Care Hospital 38 respondents with 25.68% expressed the same opinion. 49
respondents with 32.63% in case of Apollo Hospital but in case of Care 61 respondents with
146
39.30% has expressed agree opinion. Equal number of 41 respondents with 27.30% has
expressed neutral opinion in respect of the both Hospitals. 21 respondents with 13.98% has
expressed the disagree opinion in respect of Apollo Hospital and in case of Care Hospital 10
respondents with 6.40% expressed. The strongly disagree opinion came up from 10 respondents
with 6.60% in Apollo and 1.32% has expressed same opinion in Care Hospitals respectively.
From the above it can be seen that majority respondents are under opinion that centralized
patient services are good and servicing patients well in both the Hospitals.
An attempt was made on the ‗Hospital is more capable in developing and launching new
services‘, 31 respondents with 20.64% has expressed strongly agrees opinion in respect of
Apollo and in Care 51 respondents with 34.14% expressed the same. 39 respondents with
26.13% expressed the agree opinion in respect of Apollo and in Care 49 respondents with
32.63% expressed. The neutral opinion has come up among 40 respondents with 26.64% in
Apollo and 31 respondents with 20.64% in Care Hospital. 30 respondents with 19.99% has
expressed disagree opinion in respect of Apollo Hospital where as in Care 9 respondents with
5.99% expressed. 10 respondents with 6.60% expressed their strongly disagree opinion in Apollo
and in Care Hospital the same opinion came up. On the whole majority of respondents are under
the opinion of that these Hospitals are more capable in developing and launching new services.
From the above discussion it is noticed that, Apollo is giving importance to same day
surgeries, telemedicine services, and ICU services. Because most of the respondents are having
positive opinion from Apollo when compared to Care hospital. Further it is observed that most of
the respondents are having good opinion on the product mix of the Care hospital. As per their
opinion the hospital is good in providing services like packaging services, dietary services, good
operation theaters, ambulatory services, transport services etc. but some of the services are not
gaining acceptance from the respondents like emergency services, same day surgery services,
telemedicine services, ICU services, reception services, pharmacy services etc. By and large, it is
found that the product mix is good in two hospitals. Now let us move on to the perceptions of
administrative personnel.
147
Perceptions of Administrative Personnel about the
Product Mix of Sample Hospitals
Table no: 3.3 representing perceptions of administrative personnel about the product mix of
the sample hospitals Table No: 3.3
Perceptions of administrative personnel about the product mix of the sample hospitals Perception: ( 1 ) Strongly agree ( 2 ) Agree ( 3 ) can‘t say ( 4 ) Disagree ( 5 ) strongly disagree
(1)
S.L
NO
(2)
Statement
(3)
Perception
(4)
Apollo
%
(5)
Care
%
1 The services providing at your hospital are
attracting the patients.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
37.05
28.50
14.25
17.35
2.85
100.00
22.80
39.90
31.60
2.85
2.85
100.00
2 Case history of patients maintained by your hospital is
always available and helpful to you in treatment.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
11.40
45.85
11.40
11.40
19.95
100.00
48.70
31.35
2.85
14.25
2.85
100.00
3 In emergency situations you recommend the patients to
go some other hospitals.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
34.45
14.25
22.80
11.40
17.10
100.00
31.60
22.80
25.65
17.10
2.85
100.00
4 Your hospital operation theaters are helpful to you for
conducting Operations.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
37.05
43.00
5.70
8.55
5.70
100.00
14.25
43.00
14.25
14.25
14.25
100.00
5 In your opinion, the package services at your hospital
are helpful to the patients.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
31.60
25.65
28.5
5.75
8.50
100.00
28.50
48.70
8.55
8.55
5.70
100.00
6 The diet supplied by your hospital to the patients helps
them for better recovery.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
51.55
39.90
2.85
2.85
2.85
100.00
54.45
25.65
8.50
5.70
5.70
100.00
148
(1)
(2) (3)
(4) (5)
7 The ambulatory services of your hospital does great
help to you for timely treatment of patients.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
45.85
42.75
2.85
5.70
2.85
100.00
14.25
39.90
17.35
14.25
14.25
100.00
8 Same day surgery services increasing your hospital
image.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
39.90
45.85
2.85
5.70
5.70
100.00
48.70
25.65
11.40
8.55
5.70
100.00
9
You will believe that the equipment at Pathology,
Radiology departments are latest and information
supplied by them is helpful to you.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
37.30
39.90
11.40
5.70
5.70
100.00
62.95
11.40
11.40
5.70
8.55
100.00
10 Hospital providing telemedicine services are useful to
you for better treatment.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
39.90
48.70
5.70
2.85
2.85
100.00
43.00
28.50
17.10
5.70
5.70
100.00
11 The nursing staff at your hospital is competent, and
cooperative.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
39.90
51.55
2.85
2.85
2.85
100.00
54.40
25.65
14.25
2.85
2.85
100.00
12 In your opinion, your housekeeping department is doing
well.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
37.30
42.75
8.55
5.70
5.70
100.00
42.75
42.75
2.85
8.80
2.85
100.00
13 Your ICU services are good and help the patients, who
are in critical conditions.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
45.85
39.90
2.85
5.70
5.70
100.00
28.50
51.55
2.85
14.25
2.85
100.00
149
The survey has been extended to take opinions among the administration personnel on
various aspects. There are about 35 personnel participated in each hospital. In the beginning, it
went on the ‗services being provided at the Hospital for attracting patients‘. 14 respondents with
(1)
(2) (3)
(4) (5)
14 Your hospital is having good patient care.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
39.90
39.90
11.65
5.70
2.85
100.00
34.45
48.45
5.70
8.55
2.85
100.00
15
Your hospital transportation services are serving
maximum number of patients.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
31.60
37.05
14.25
11.40
5.70
100.00
43.00
31.35
5.70
14.25
5.70
100.00
16 Your hospital reception services are good.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
43.00
39.90
2.85
8.55
5.70
100.00
60.10
25.65
5.70
5.70
2.85
100.00
17 Your hospital pharmacy services are providing required
medicines in the hospital premises.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
43.00
37.05
5.70
11.40
2.85
100.00
54.40
25.65
8.55
8.55
2.85
100.00
18 When compared to other corporate hospitals, this hospital
is providing better services to the patients.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
42.75
45.85
5.70
2.85
2.85
100.00
42.75
40.15
11.40
2.85
2.85
100.00
19 Centralized patient services are good and serving patients
well in this hospital.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
37.05
43.00
8.55
5.70
5.70
100.00
25.65
54.40
8.55
8.55
2.85
100.00
20 This hospital is more capable in developing and launching
new services.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
37.05
40.15
11.40
8.55
2.85
100.00
57.25
17.10
8.55
8.55
8.55
100.00
150
37.05% expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo where as only 9 respondents with 22.80% in
case of Care expressed the same. 10 respondents with 28.50% expressed agree opinion in Apollo
and 14 respondents with 39.90% expressed the above opinion in Care Hospital. The neutral
opinion came up from among 5 respondents with 14.25% in respect of Apollo and in Care 12
respondents with 31.60% expressed. The disagreed opinion has been received from among 6
respondents with 17.35% in Apollo whereas in Care 2.80% was there. In both the Hospitals,
2.85% expressed the strongly disagree opinion. On analyzing the subject from the statement, it is
revealed that large numbers of respondents are under the opinion that the services being provided
by these Hospitals are attracting the patients.
On the subject of ‗case history of patients maintained by the Hospital are always available and
helpful for treatment‘. 4 respondents with 11.40% expressed strongly agree opinion in case of
Apollo and in Care 19 respondents with 48.70% expressed. 16 respondents with 45.85%
expressed agree opinion in Apollo and in Care 11 respondents with 31.35% expressed the same
opinion. Only 4 respondents with 11.40% expressed neutral opinion in case of Apollo and 2.85%
in Care Hospital. The disagree opinion has come up from among 4 respondents with 11.40% in
respect of Apollo Hospital and 5 respondents with 14.25% in case of Care Hospital. In the same
way, 7 respondents with 19.95% have expressed strongly disagree opinion against Apollo
Hospital but 2.85% only in Care Hospital. Thereby, the respondents in both the Hospitals are
under the opinion that the Case histories of the patients maintained by the Hospitals are available
and helpful for treatment.
An attempt was made to know whether ‗in emergency situations the patients will be
recommended to go to some other Hospitals‘.12 respondents with 34.45% have expressed
strongly agree opinion in case of Apollo and 11 respondents with 31.60% in Care Hospital. 5
respondents with 14.25% expressed agree opinion in case of Apollo and in Care 9 respondents
with 22.80%. The neutral opinion was arrived from among 8 respondents with 22.80% in case of
Apollo and 9 respondents with 25.65% in Care Hospital. 4 respondents with 11.40% in Apollo
and 6 respondents with 17.10% in Care Hospital expressed disagreed opinion. Likewise 6
respondents with 17.10% have expressed strongly disagree opinion in case of Apollo and 2.85%
came forward in Care Hospital. It can be concluded that respondents are under the opinion that
the patients will be certainly recommended to go to some other Hospitals, when the position is
critical.
151
As regards that ‗the operation theatres are helpful for conducting operations‘, 13 respondents
with 37.05% have expressed strongly agree opinion in case of Apollo and 5 respondents with
14.25% in Care Hospital. 15 respondents with 43.00% expressed agree opinion in both Apollo
and Care Hospitals. 2 respondents with 5.7% in case of Apollo Hospital and 5 respondents with
14.25% in case of Care Hospital expressed neutral opinion. 3 respondents with 8.55% expressed
disagreed opinion in case of Apollo and 5 respondents with 14.25% in case of Care Hospital
expressed disagree opinion. In case of strongly disagree opinion, 2 respondents with 5.7% in
case of Apollo and 5.7% in Apollo and 5 respondents 14.25% in Care Hospital expressed their
strongly disagree opinion. On the whole, most of the respondents are under the opinion that the
operation theatres are helpful for conducting operations.
The survey has turned against the ‗package services at the Hospitals are helpful to the
patients‘, 11 respondents with 31.60% expressed strongly agree opinion in case of Apollo
whereas in Care 10 respondents with 28.50% expressed the same opinion. 9 respondents with
25.65% expressed agree opinion in case of Apollo and in Care 17 respondents with 48.70%
expressed the same opinion. The neutral opinion was taken place among 10 respondents with
28.5% in case of Apollo and in Care 3 respondents with 8.55%. 2 respondents with 5.75%
expressed disagree opinion in Apollo and 3 respondents with 8.55% in case of Care Hospital. 3
respondents with 8.55% in Apollo Hospital expressed strongly disagree opinion where as in Care
Hospital it was from 2 respondents with 5.70%. The analysis of the above statement expresses
that a large number of respondents are under the impression that the package services at the
Hospital are helpful to the patients.
An attempt was made towards the ‗diet supplied by the Hospital to the patients help them for
better recovery‘. 17 respondents with 51.55% expressed strongly agree opinion in case of Apollo
and 19 respondents with 54.45% in case of Care Hospital expressed. 14 respondents with
39.90% expressed agree opinion in respect of Apollo and 9 respondents with 25.65% in Care
Hospital. With a meager percentage of 2.85% in Apollo and 3 respondents with 8.50% in Care
Hospital expressed neutral opinion. One respondent with 2.85% in respect of Apollo and two
respondents with 5.70% in Care Hospital expressed the disagree opinion. The strongly disagree
opinion also has taken place in respect of one respondent with 2.85% in Apollo and two
respondents with 5.70% in respect of Care Hospital. Finally the analysis says that majority of
152
respondents are under the opinion that the diet supplied by these Hospitals certainly helps the
patients for better recovery.
As regards the ‗ambulatory services of the Hospital do great help for timely treatment of
patients‘, 17 respondents with 45.85% in Apollo and 5 respondents with 14.25% in Care
Hospital expressed strongly agree opinion. 15 respondents with 42.75% in Apollo and in Care 14
respondents with 39.90% expressed agree opinion. There is 2.85% of neutral opinion found in
case of Apollo, whereas 6 respondents with 17.35% expressed the same in Care Hospital. The
disagree opinion also came up among two respondents with 5.70% in case of Apollo but 5
respondents with 14.25% expressed in Care Hospital. Only one respondent with 2.85%
expressed strongly disagree opinion against Apollo Hospital whereas 5 respondents with 14.25%
expressed the same in case Care Hospital. In conclusion, it is noticed that more respondents are
under the opinion that the ambulatory services of the Hospital help for treatment to patients.
The opinion poll further taken place on the area of providing ‗same day surgery services
increase the Hospital image‘. 14 respondents with 39.90% in Apollo Hospital expressed strongly
agree opinion, whereas in Care Hospital 17 respondents with 48.70%. 16 respondents with
45.85% expressed agree opinion in Apollo and in case of Care Hospital only 9 respondents with
25.65% expressed. Only one respondent with 2.85% in Apollo Hospital and in case of Care
Hospital 4 respondents with 11.40% expressed neutral opinion. The disagreed opinion was
expressed by 2 respondents with 5.70% in Apollo Hospital and in Care 3 respondents with
8.55% expressed the same opinion. Equal number of 2 respondents with 5.70% expressed the
strongly disagree opinion in respect of the both Hospitals. On going through the above analysis,
it can be found that majority of respondents are under the impression that the same day surgery
will increase the image of both the Hospitals.
The survey further taken up in respect of the ‗equipment at Pathology and Radiology
departments are latest and information supplied by them is helpful‘. Out of 35 respondents 13
respondents with 37.30% expressed strongly agree opinion in case of Apollo whereas in Care 22
more number of respondents with 62.95% expressed same opinion. 14 respondents with 39.90%
expressed agree opinion in Apollo but in case of care only 4 respondents with 11.40% expressed.
In both the Hospitals of Apollo and Care equal number of 4 respondents with 11.40% expressed
neutral opinion. In case of disagreed opinion also equal number of two respondents with 5.70%
expressed in both the Hospitals of Apollo and Care. Two respondents with 5.70% in case of
153
Apollo expressed strongly disagreed opinion where as in Care 3 respondents with 8.55%. Thus,
it appears that more number of respondents are on the opinion that the equipment pertaining to
Pathology and Radiology departments is latest and the information supplied by them is useful.
On the subject of ‗Hospital providing telemedicine services is useful for better treatment‘, 16
respondents with 39.90% in respect of Apollo and 15 respondents with 43.00% have expressed
strongly agree opinion in case of Care. 17 respondents with 48.70% in Apollo and in Care 10
respondents with 28.50% have expressed agree opinion. The neutral opinion took place among
two respondents with 5.70% in Apollo and in Care 6 respondents with 17.10%. Only 2.85%
came forward to express disagree opinion in Apollo whereas in Care 2 respondents with 5.7%
expressed. In the same way 2.85% only expressed strongly disagree opinion in respect of Apollo
and in Care two respondents with 5.70% expressed. From the above analysis, it can be known
that a large number of respondents are under the opinion that telemedicine services are useful for
better treatment.,
As regards ‗the nursing staff at your Hospital is competent and cooperative‘, 17 respondents
with 39.90% expressed strongly agree opinion in respect of Apollo where as in Care 21
respondents with 54.40% expressed. 18 respondents with 51.55% expressed agree opinion in
Apollo and in Care 9 respondents with 25.65% expressed. The neutral opinion was expressed by
2.85% in Apollo and in Care 5 respondents with 14.25%. only 2.85% has expressed disagree
opinion in respect of both Hospitals. In the same way the strongly disagree opinion also
expressed by only 2.85% in both the Hospitals of Apollo and Care. As such, it is very clear that
the respondents are of the opinion that the nursing staff is competent and cooperative in both the
Hospitals.
Opinion poll was conducted on ‗the house keeping department is doing well‘.13 respondents
with 37.30% expressed strongly agree opinion in respect of Apollo and in case of Care 15
respondents with 42.75% expressed. Equal number of 15 respondents with 42.75% have
expressed agree opinion in both the Hospitals of Apollo and Care. The neutral opinion came up
from among 3 respondents with 8.55% in Apollo and 2.85% in case of Care Hospital. 2
respondents with 5.70% expressed disagree opinion in Apollo and in Care 5 respondents with
8.80% expressed the same opinion. 2 respondents with 5.70% expressed strongly disagreed
opinion in Apollo and 2.85% only in the case of Care Hospital. It is evident from the above
154
analysis that more number of respondent are of the opinion that the housekeeping department is
doing well in both the Hospitals.
Further, the survey has taken place in respect of ‗ICU services are good and help the patients,
who are in critical condition‘. Among 16 respondents with 45.85% expressed strongly agree
opinion in Apollo and 12 respondents with 28.50% in case of Care Hospital expressed. 14
respondents with 39.90% expressed agree opinion in Apollo Hospital, whereas in Care, it was
from among 18 respondents with 51.55%. Only one respondent with 2.85% expressed neutral
opinion in both the hospitals. 2 respondents with 5.70% expressed disagreed opinion in case of
Apollo where as in Care Hospital it was from 5 respondents with 14.25%. The strongly disagree
opinion took place in respect of Apollo was 2 respondents with 5.70% and 2.85% in case of Care
Hospital. Thereby, it is evident that a more number of respondents are of the opinion that the
ICU services are good and help the patients, who are in critical conditions in both the Hospitals.
A study was made on the subject of ‗Hospital having good patient Care‘. 14 respondents with
39.90% have expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo and in Care 13 respondents with
34.45% expressed. 14 respondents with 39.90% expressed agree opinion in respect of Apollo and
in Care 17 respondents with 48.45% expressed. The neutral opinion has taken place among 4
respondents with 11.65% in case of Apollo and 2 respondents with 5.70% expressed in Care. 2
respondents with 5.70% expressed disagreed opinion in Apollo and in Care 3 respondents with
8.55% expressed. In the same way only one respondent with 2.85% has expressed strongly
disagree opinion in respect of Apollo and 2.85% in case of Care Hospital. From this it is very
clear that the respondents are of the opinion that patient care in these two Hospitals is good.
As regards ‗Hospital transportation services are serving maximum number of patients‘, 11
respondents with 31.60% expressed strongly agree opinion in respect of Apollo and in Care 15
respondents with 43.00% expressed. 13 respondents with 37.05% expressed agree opinion in
respect of Apollo and in Care 11 respondents with 31.35% expressed the same opinion. 5
respondents with 14.25% in Apollo and in Care 2 respondents with 5.70% expressed neutral
opinion. 4 respondents with 11.40% in Apollo and in Care 5 respondents with 14.25% expressed
disagreed opinion. Two respondents with 5.70% in Apollo and also in Care expressed strongly
disagreed opinion. On going through the above analysis of statement, it can be known that a
large number of respondents are under the opinion that Hospital transportation services are
serving number of patients.
155
Further, survey was made on the ‗Hospital reception services are good‘, 16 respondents with
43.00% in respect of Apollo and in Care Hospital 21 respondents with 60.10% expressed
strongly agree opinion. In Apollo 14 respondents with 39.90% agreed and 9 respondents with
25.65% in case of Care Hospital. The neutral opinion was received as 11.65% in case of Apollo
whereas in Care Hospital 2 respondents with 5.70% expressed. 2 respondents with 5.70%
expressed disagreed opinion in Apollo whereas in Care Hospital 3 respondents with 8.55%
expressed. Likewise 2 respondents with 5.70% expressed strongly disagreed opinion in both
hospitals. It can be observed from the above analysis that majority of respondents are under the
opinion that Hospital reception services are good
On the aspect of ‗Hospital pharmacy services are providing required medicines in the
Hospital premises‘, 15 respondents with 43.00% in Apollo and in Care Hospital 19 respondents
with 54.40% expressed strongly agree opinion. 13 respondents with 37.05% expressed agree
opinion in Apollo and in Care 9 respondents with 25.65% expressed. In case of neutral opinion 2
respondents with 5.70% in Apollo and in Care Hospital 3 respondents with 8.55% expressed. 4
respondents with 11.40% in Apollo and in Care 3 respondents with 8.55% expressed disagreed
opinion. The strongly disagree opinion came up from only one respondent with 2.85% from both
the Hospitals of Apollo and Care. Thereby, it is evident that most of the respondents are of the
opinion that Hospital pharmacy services are providing required medicines in the Hospital
premises.
The survey has been extended to know that ‗this Hospital is providing better services to the
patients in comparison with other corporate Hospitals‘. 16 respondents with 42.75% in both the
Hospitals expressed strongly agree opinion. 17 respondents with 45.85% in Apollo and 15
respondents with 40.15% have expressed agree opinion. 2 respondents with 5.70% in Apollo and
in Care 4 respondents with 11.40% expressed neutral opinion. In case of disagree and strongly
disagree opinions 2.85% of respondents came forward. As such it can be noticed that a large
number of respondents are under the opinion that both the Hospitals are providing better services
to the patients when compared to other corporate Hospitals.
On the subject of ‗centralized patient services are good and serving patients well in the
Hospital‘, 13 respondents with 37.05% in Apollo and 9 respondents with 25.65% in respect of
Care Hospital expressed strongly agree opinion. 15 respondents with 43.00% in Apollo and in
Care Hospital 19 respondents with 54.40% expressed agree opinion. The neutral opinion came
156
up form three respondent with 8.55% in Apollo and 3 respondents with 8.55% in case of Care
Hospitals. 2 respondents with 5.70% in Apollo and 3 respondents with 8.55% in case of Care
Hospital expressed disagree opinion. Two respondent with 5.70% in Apollo Hospital and one
respondent with 2.85% has expressed strongly disagree opinion in Care. It can be understood
from the above statements that number of respondents are accepting that the centralized patient
services are good and serving patients well in these Hospitals.
As regards ‗the compatibility of the Hospital in developing and launching new services‘, 35
respondents participated out of which 13 respondents with 37.05% in Apollo and 20 respondents
with 57.25% expressed strongly agree opinion. In case of agree opinion, in Apollo 14
respondents with 40.15% and 6 respondents with 17.10% in Care expressed. The neutral opinion
came up from among 4 respondents with 11.40% in Apollo and 3 respondents with 8.55% in
Care expressed. 3 respondents with 8.55% in each Hospital of Apollo and Care expressed
disagreed opinion. In case of strongly disagreed opinion, only one respondent with 2.85% in
Apollo and 3 respondents with 8.55% in Care Hospital expressed. On the whole, it can be
observed that most of the respondents are under the opinion that these Hospitals are more
capable in developing and launching new services
From the above analysis it can be stated that, most of the respondents in Apollo opinioned
that, few services like packaging services, operation theater services, ambulatory services,
telemedicine services, ICU and centralized patient services are good. In case of Care hospital
most of the respondents are satisfied well about the product mix of the hospital except few. On
overall the situation is up to the mark in two hospital regarding product mix. Let us examine the
mean and standard deviation values of the perceptions of respondents about the product mix in
sample hospitals.
157
Mean and Standard Deviation values of Doctor‘s Perceptions on the Product
Mix of Sample Hospitals
Table no: 3.4 representing mean and standard deviation values of perceptions of doctors about
the product mix of the sample hospitals. Table No: 3.4
Mean and S.D values of Doctors Perceptions on the Product Mix of the Sample Hospitals
(N=75)
Sl.No Statement Apollo Care
Mean S.D Mean S.D
1 The services providing at your hospital are attracting
the patients. 1.97 0.82 1.66 0.70
2 Case history of patients maintained by your hospital is always available
and helpful to you in treatment. 2.20 1.05 2.53 0.72
3 In emergency situations you recommend the patients to go some other
hospitals. 2.60 1.46 3.20 1.11
4 Your hospital operation theaters are helpful to you for conducting
Operations. 2.20 1.28 2.33 0.94
5 In your opinion, the package services at your hospital are helpful to the
patients. 2.46 1.21 3.00 0.63
6 The diet supplied by your hospital to the patients helps them for better
recovery. 2.33 1.25 2.40 0.88
7 The ambulatory services of your hospital does great help to you for
timely treatment of patients. 2.40 1.09 2.41 0.61
8 Same day surgery services increasing your hospital image.
2.73 1.18 2.38 0.76
9 You will believe that the equipment at Pathology, Radiology departments
are latest and information supplied by them is helpful to you. 2.40 1.20 2.36 0.96
10 Hospital providing telemedicine services are useful to you for better
treatment. 2.66 1.14 2.46 0.81
11 The nursing staff at your hospital is competent, and cooperative.
2.00 1.16 1.94 0.65
12 In your opinion, your housekeeping department is doing well.
2.56 1.16 2.56 0.96
13 Your ICU services are good and help the patients, who are in critical
conditions. 2.00 0.82 2.00 0.90
14 Your hospital is having good patient care.
2.46 1.41 2.46 1.09
15 Your hospital transportation services are serving maximum number of
patients. 2.69 1.07 2.93 0.68
16 Your hospital reception services are good.
2.10 1.15 2.40 1.09
17 Your hospital pharmacy services are providing required medicines in the
hospital premises. 1.93 1.06 2.02 0.73
18 When compared to other corporate hospitals, this hospital is providing
better services to the patients. 1.86 0.89 2.20 0.91
19 Centralized patient services are good and serving patients well in this
hospital. 2.42 1.14 2.33 0.70
20 This hospital is more capable in developing and launching new services. 2.93 1.34 2.94 0.97
5 Point Scale: 1-strongly agree…….5-strongly disagree
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Table no: 3.4 shows the item-wise analysis of perceptions of doctors on product mix in the
sample hospitals.
Regarding perceptions of doctors on product mix in Apollo hospital reveals that ‗providing
services‘ (1.97), ‗maintenance of case history of patients‘ (2.20), ‗maintenance of emergency
services‘ (2.60), ‗providing surgical services‘ (2.20), ‗packaging services‘ (2.46), ‗diet services‘
(2.33), ‗ambulatory services‘ (2.40), ‗image on providing same day surgeries‘ (2.73), ‗quality of
diagnostic services‘ (2.40), ‗usefulness of telemedicine services for timely treatment‘ (2.66),
‗nursing services‘ (2.00), ‗house keeping services‘ (2.56), ‗ICU services‘ (2.00), ‗patient care‘
(2.46), ‗transportation services‘ (2.69), ‗reception services‘ (2.10), ‗pharmacy services‘ (1.93),
‗availability of special services‘ (1.86), ‗centralized patient services‘ (2.42), ‗developing and
launching new services‘ (2.93). Thus the dimension – product mix – has got positive rating by
the respondents in all aspects.
In the respect of Care hospital, the perceptions of doctors exploring ‗providing services‘
(1.66), ‗maintenance of case history of patients‘ (2.53), ‗maintenance of emergency services‘
(3.20), ‗providing surgical services‘ (2.33), ‗packaging services‘ (3.00), ‗diet services‘ (2.40),
‗ambulatory services‘ (2.41), ‗image on providing same day surgeries‘ (2.38), ‗quality of
diagnostic services‘ (2.36), ‗usefulness of telemedicine services for timely treatment‘ (2.46),
‗nursing services‘ (1.94), ‗house keeping services‘ (2.56), ‗ICU services‘ (2.00), ‗patient care‘
(2.46), ‗transportation services‘ (2.93), ‗reception services‘ (2.40), ‗pharmacy services‘ (2.02),
‗availability of special services‘ (2.20), ‗centralized patient services‘ (2.33), ‗developing and
launching new services‘ (2.94). From this it can be conclude that the product mix has got
positive rating by the respondents in all aspects.
159
Mean and Standard Deviation values of Nurse‘s Perceptions on the Product
Mix of Sample Hospitals
Table no: 3.5 representing mean and standard deviation values of perceptions of nurses about the
product mix of the sample hospitals. Table No: 3.5
Mean and S.D values of Nurses Perceptions on the Product Mix of the Sample Hospitals
(N=150)
Sl.No Statement Apollo Care
Mean S.D Mean S.D
1 The services providing at your hospital are attracting
the patients. 1.93 1.12 1.66 0.47
2 Case history of patients maintained by your hospital is always available and
helpful to you in treatment. 2.46 1.09 2.06 1.00
3 In emergency situations you recommend the patients to go some other
hospitals. 2.34 1.30 2.13 0.72
4 Your hospital operation theaters are helpful to you for conducting
Operations. 1.60 0.62 1.66 0.47
5 In your opinion, the package services at your hospital are helpful to the
patients. 2.40 1.14 2.32 0.69
6 The diet supplied by your hospital to the patients helps them for better
recovery. 1.99 1.14 1.68 0.79
7 The ambulatory services of your hospital does great help to you for timely
treatment of patients. 1.86 1.20 1.86 0.87
8 Same day surgery services increasing your hospital image.
2.26 1.24 2.20 0.65
9 You will believe that the equipment at Pathology, Radiology departments are
latest and information supplied by them is helpful to you. 1.68 0.60 2.26 0.85
10 Hospital providing telemedicine services are useful to you for better
treatment. 1.48 0.63 2.00 0.81
11 The nursing staff at your hospital is competent, and cooperative.
2.60 1.36 1.38 0.60
12 In your opinion, your housekeeping department is doing well.
2.32 1.18 2.00 0.81
13 Your ICU services are good and help the patients, who are in critical
conditions. 2.46 1.20 2.20 0.83
14 Your hospital is having good patient care.
2.60 1.36 1.73 0.93
15 Your hospital transportation services are serving maximum number of
patients. 2.14 1.20 2.13 1.02
16 Your hospital reception services are good.
2.14 1.20 2.26 1.12
17 Your hospital pharmacy services are providing required medicines in the
hospital premises. 1.60 0.71 1.42 0.61
18 When compared to other corporate hospitals, this hospital is providing better
services to the patients. 1.61 0.62 1.67 0.79
19 Centralized patient services are good and serving patients well in this
hospital. 2.53 1.15 2.12 0.88
20 This hospital is more capable in developing and launching new services. 2.68 1.21 2.20 1.17
5 Point Scale: 1-strongly agree…….5-strongly disagree
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Table no: 3.5 reveals that the item-wise analysis of perceptions of nurses on product mix in
the sample hospitals.
The perceptions of nurses on product mix in Apollo hospital reveals that ‗providing services‘
(1.93), ‗maintenance of case history of patients‘ (2.46), ‗maintenance of emergency services‘
(2.34), ‗providing surgical services‘ (1.60), ‗packaging services‘ (2.40), ‗diet services‘ (1.99),
‗ambulatory services‘ (1.86), ‗image on providing same day surgeries‘ (2.26), ‗quality of
diagnostic services‘ (1.68), ‗usefulness of telemedicine services for timely treatment‘ (1.48),
‗nursing services‘ (2.60), ‗house keeping services‘ (2.32), ‗ICU services‘ (2.46), ‗patient care‘
(2.60), ‗transportation services‘ (2.14), ‗reception services‘ (2.14), ‗pharmacy services‘ (1.60),
‗availability of special services‘ (1.61), ‗centralized patient services‘ (2.53), ‗developing and
launching new services‘ (2.68). Thus the dimension – product mix – has got positive rating by
the respondents in all aspects.
In the respect of Care hospital, the perceptions of nurses exploring ‗providing services‘
(1.66), ‗maintenance of case history of patients‘ (2.06), ‗maintenance of emergency services‘
(2.13), ‗providing surgical services‘ (1.66), ‗packaging services‘ (2.32), ‗diet services‘ (1.68),
‗ambulatory services‘ (1.86), ‗image on providing same day surgeries‘ (2.20), ‗quality of
diagnostic services‘ (2.26), ‗usefulness of telemedicine services for timely treatment‘ (2.00),
‗nursing services‘ (1.38), ‗house keeping services‘ (2.00), ‗ICU services‘ (2.20), ‗patient care‘
(1.73), ‗transportation services‘ (2.13), ‗reception services‘ (2.26), ‗pharmacy services‘ (1.42),
‗availability of special services‘ (1.67), ‗centralized patient services‘ (2.12), ‗developing and
launching new services‘ (2.20). From this it can be conclude that the product mix has got
positive rating by the respondents in all aspects.
161
Mean and Standard Deviation values of Administrative personnel‘s
Perceptions on the Product Mix of Sample Hospitals
Table no: 3.6 representing mean and standard deviation values of perceptions of
Administrative personnel about the product mix of the sample hospitals.
Table No: 3.6
Mean and S.D of Adm.People Perceptions on the Product Mix of the Sample Hospitals
(N=35)
Sl.No Statement Apollo Care
Mean S.D Mean S.D
1 The services providing at your hospital are attracting
the patients. 2.08 1.12 2.00 0.76
2 Case history of patients maintained by your hospital is always available and
helpful to you in treatment. 2.82 1.36 1.42 0.50
3 In emergency situations you recommend the patients to go some other
hospitals. 2.62 1.49 2.48 1.37
4 Your hospital operation theaters are helpful to you for conducting
Operations. 2.05 1.16 2.71 1.29
5 In your opinion, the package services at your hospital are helpful to the
patients. 2.37 1.21 2.14 1.11
6 The diet supplied by your hospital to the patients helps them for better
recovery. 1.80 1.05 1.77 1.16
7 The ambulatory services of your hospital does great help to you for timely
treatment of patients. 1.68 0.96 2.62 1.23
8 Same day surgery services increasing your hospital image.
1.88 1.10 1.94 1.16
9 You will believe that the equipment at Pathology, Radiology departments are
latest and information supplied by them is helpful to you. 1.94 1.08 2.71 1.04
10 Hospital providing telemedicine services are useful to you for better
treatment. 1.57 0.55 2.02 1.17
11 The nursing staff at your hospital is competent, and cooperative.
1.54 0.56 1.57 0.73
12 In your opinion, your housekeeping department is doing well.
1.97 1.12 1.85 1.00
13 Your ICU services are good and help the patients, who are in critical
conditions. 1.85 1.11 1.94 0.96
14 Your hospital is having good patient care.
1.91 1.01 1.94 0.93
15 Your hospital transportation services are serving maximum number of
patients. 2.20 1.20 2.08 1.26
16 Your hospital reception services are good.
1.85 1.08 1.68 1.02
17 Your hospital pharmacy services are providing required medicines in the
hospital premises. 1.94 1.08 2.00 1.08
18 When compared to other corporate hospitals, this hospital is providing better
services to the patients. 1.54 0.56 1.65 0.68
19 Centralized patient services are good and serving patients well in this
hospital. 2.05 1.18 1.91 0.78
20 This hospital is more capable in developing and launching new services.
2.00 1.05 1.94 1.34
5 Point Scale: 1-strongly agree…….5-strongly disagree
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Table no: 3.6 reveals that the item-wise analysis of perceptions of administrative personnel
on product mix in the sample hospitals.
The perceptions of administrative personnel on product mix in Apollo hospital; ‗providing
services‘ (2.08), ‗maintenance of case history of patients‘ (2.82), ‗maintenance of emergency
services‘ (2.62), ‗providing surgical services‘ (2.05), ‗packaging services‘ (2.37), ‗diet services‘
(1.80), ‗ambulatory services‘ (1.68), ‗image on providing same day surgeries‘ (1.88), ‗quality of
diagnostic services‘ (1.94), ‗usefulness of telemedicine services for timely treatment‘ (1.57),
‗nursing services‘ (1.54), ‗house keeping services‘ (1.97), ‗ICU services‘ (1.85), ‗patient care‘
(1.91), ‗transportation services‘ (2.20), ‗reception services‘ (1.85), ‗pharmacy services‘ (1.94),
‗availability of special services‘ (1.54), ‗centralized patient services‘ (2.05), ‗developing and
launching new services‘ (2.00). Thus the dimension – product mix – has got positive rating by
the respondents in all aspects.
In Care hospital the perceptions of administrative personnel; ‗providing services‘ (2.00),
‗maintenance of case history of patients‘ (1.42), ‗maintenance of emergency services‘ (2.48),
‗providing surgical services‘ (2.71), ‗packaging services‘ (2.14), ‗diet services‘ (1.77),
‗ambulatory services‘ (2.62), ‗image on providing same day surgeries‘ (1.94), ‗quality of
diagnostic services‘ (2.71), ‗usefulness of telemedicine services for timely treatment‘ (2.02),
‗nursing services‘ (1.57), ‗house keeping services‘ (1.85), ‗ICU services‘ (1.94), ‗patient care‘
(1.94), ‗transportation services‘ (2.08), ‗reception services‘ (1.68), ‗pharmacy services‘ (2.00),
‗availability of special services‘ (1.65), ‗centralized patient services‘ (1.91), ‗developing and
launching new services‘ (1.94). From this it can be conclude that the product mix has got
positive rating by the respondents in all aspects.
Conclusion
From the discussion, it can be concluded that a product is a set of attributes assembled in an
identifiable form. The product is the central component of any marketing mix. The product
component mix deals with a variety of issues relating to development, presentation and
management of the product which is to be offered to the market place. It covers issues such as
service package, core services and peripherals, managing service offering and developing service
offering. In Apollo the importance is giving to developing and launching new services in the
market. But in Care hospital they are unable to produce new services. In emergency situations
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Apollo hospital authorities are not accepting to send the patient to some other hospitals but in
Care some times the doctors are accepting the patients to go some other hospitals in emergency
situations, this is may be lack of facilities in the hospital. Comparatively operation theaters are
comfortable for conducting operations in Apollo but not in Care hospital. Case history
maintenance in Care hospital is good and providing services up to the mark but in Apollo the
case history of patients is always not available to the doctors, this creating some problems in
providing better treatment to the patients. The packaging service are playing key role in Apollo
for their marketing of their services. Whereas in Care they are not paying much interest on
packaging services so nurses only positively responded for their packaging services. The dietary
services in Care hospital are good in opinion of the nurses and administrative personnel. But in
Apollo hospital the dietary services are not satisfactory, so the doctors only responded positively.
The ambulatory services in Apollo are providing maximum services to the patients but the Care
hospital have to improve ambulatory services because only nurses responded positively about
their ambulatory services. In the case of ICU services Care hospital is having good reputation
because all the respondents accepted positively. But in Apollo hospital ICU services are not
maintaining well. It is also observed that, there are some complaints on house keeping
department in Apollo hospital. But in Care hospital all the respondents gave positive opinion
about their house keeping department. In conclusion, it can be stated that the product mix is good
in two sample hospitals. Now we will take-up the price mix in hospitals.
Price Mix in Hospitals
Pricing is most often used to describe the actual charge made by an organization. Prices go
by various names. Health insurance companies and health maintenance organizations charge
premiums. Individual clinicians require the payment of fees. Inpatient facilities have historically
billed for charges. However, they are often reimbursed on the basis of costs, resulting in a
constant confusion in the health care field between costs and prices. In hospitals the term ‗cost‘
and ‗price‘ used interchangeably. For example an article entitled ―Are consumers sensitive to
hospital costs?‖4 In hospitals what price means and where and how it can be used as a strategic
tool remains because of third party reimbursement, the constant threat of change in
reimbursement policies, regulated structures, apparent consumer price insensitivity, and
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characteristic lack of price awareness. The role of price according to whether one is considering
a reimbursed or no reimbursed service. In addition to the price, customers face three other costs
i.e. effort costs, psychic costs and waiting costs. In handling the complex issue of pricing,
hospital should proceed through four stages. First, it should determine the pricing objective to
maximize surplus or profit, usage, or some other objective, second, it should determine the
pricing strategy- whether price should be cost-based, demand based, or competition based, third
it should determine pricing in situations such as self-pay markets and reimbursed markets, finally
it should anticipate possible charges in reimbursement procedures in the future and how to
respond to them.
The term price must be redefined according to the specific situation. In self-pay markets price
is the appropriate term, representing the amount consumers pay out-of-packet to the
organization. In some reimbursed markets the relevant issue is revenue, whether revenue is
determined by costs or charges. Hospitals often allocate fixed costs so as to maximize revenue
when reimbursement is cost based. In other reimbursement situations, price is the term used to
describe a dictated charge based on costs or a negotiated charge based on competitive bids. An
understanding of pricing objectives in hospitals must take these definitions of price into account.
Pricing objectives are
Surplus or Profit Maximization: Surplus is the difference between net patient service revenue
and expenses. In most business, the term used for this difference is profit. Historically, most
hospitals were not-for-profit, meaning that they did not seek to make a profit and often operated
at a loss. When their net revenues did by chance exceed expenses, it was called a surplus. When
they operated at a loss, they anticipated that external funds from donors, grants and other sources
would compensate.
Net Patient Service Maximization: Traditional cost-based reimbursement does not motivate a
hospital to cut cost, nor does it allow much opportunity to demand a higher percentage of
surpluses per unit of service. Therefore, most hospitals operating under these conditions
implicitly operate by the objective of maximizing net patient service revenue. From marketing
perspective maximizing net patient service revenue can be achieved through attracting not just
the highest possible volume of patients able to be served by the hospitals, but by drawing in the
most financially attractive patients. This objective must be meshed, nevertheless, with the ethical
consideration of serving the poor or non reimbursed patient.
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Cost Recovery: Many hospitals seek a price or effective revenue per unit of service that allows
them to recover all or a reasonable part of these costs. Cost based reimbursement was developed
with this pricing objective in mind. Some hospitals have traditionally provided for full cost
recovery and some other hospitals seek only partially cost recovery because they rely on external
sources to compensate for un-recovered costs.
Usage Maximization: Whenever the variable costs are low, and there are no revenue caps, and
if each user represents additional revenue to the hospitals, may wish to maximize utilization.
Health promotion programs often fit this model. Hospitals which feel that users and society
profit from their services sometimes lower their prices in order to maximize utilization.
Market Disincentivization: There are many hospitals might want to discourage as many people
as possible from purchasing a particular service. There are many reasons to do this, it might
consider the service to be bad for people or it might want to discourage people from overtaxing a
facility or it might be trying to solve a temporary shortage or it might want to discourage the
patronage of certain classes of buyers.
Public Relation Enhancement: Healthcare organizations, which increasingly operate in the
public eye, must consider now their prices lack to the public. Hospitals may choose to set prices
based on a public relations objective. For example, room rates reserve more publicity than
changes for other services. If the room rates must be kept low because of its publicity value, then
the hospital may compensate by organizing on services that do not reserve such publicity.
Cross-Subsidization
Services like the ambulatory care department, ICU, obstetric service, and pediatric service of
a full service hospital generally produce a loss, but it is often important for clinical, public
relations, and other reasons for a hospital to keep these services. The hospital must cross-
subsidize them using surplus generated by ‗profitable‘ services such as the medical-surgical
service, i.e. hospital must balance the surplus and losses of varying market segments and services
through cross-subsidization.
Pricing Strategies for Hospitals
Pricing hospital services is done keeping in view the cost of running the hospital the
overheads, salaries and wages of the doctors, nurses and the administrative staff, cost of
equipment and infrastructure, bed occupancy, quality of service and the income levels of the
patients. Many hospitals follow differential pricing policies. After the hospital has defined its
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pricing objective, it can consider the appropriate pricing strategy. Pricing strategies trend to be
cost oriented, demand-oriented, or competition oriented. In the reimbursed healthcare market, an
additional pricing strategy is maximizing reimbursement –oriented.
Cost Oriented Pricing
Cost oriented pricing refers to setting prices largely on the basis of costs. The charges are
usually determined on the basis of costs with a small markup on the cost added to create the
charge. The most popular form of cost-oriented pricing is known as break even analysis. It
determine for any proposed price, how many units of a service would have to be sold to cover
the costs fully, is popularly known as the break even volume. Most reimbursed formulas are
cost- oriented. Cost-oriented pricing is also used in settings where reimbursement is not an issue.
Demand Oriented Pricing
This is pricing strategy consider the demand rather than the level of costs to set the price.
This hospital might change Rs.500 a day for a single room and Rs.300 a day, for a double room.
The premise is that price should reflect the perceived value in the buyer‘s head. A consumer
form of demand-oriented pricing is discrimination, in which a particular service is sold at two or
more prices. Price discrimination takes various forms i.e. pricing that discriminates on a patient
basis or on a product version basis. Product version price discrimination is not true price
discrimination, which assumes an identical product. Pricing that discriminates on a time basis
occurs when a physician changes a patient more for a weekend than a weekday medical visit. For
price discrimination to work, the market be segment able and the segments must show different
intensities of demand.5
Demand oriented pricing also assumes that some segments of the market
are both aware of and sensitive to price. This is often hot the case in the health care field.
Consumers are more likely to be aware of and sensitive to prices for health care services that are
not well covered by third-party reimbursement and have low perceived risk. An interesting
subset of a demand-oriented pricing strategy is one which recognizes that in certain situations,
consumers equate price with quality6. If they seek to assume themselves that they are receiving
high-quality medical care they may choose the higher priced care. Thus, demand-oriented pricing
need not necessarily mean that demand will increase as price falls, because of the price-quality
equation.
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Competition-Oriented Pricing
The distinguishing characteristic of competition oriented pricing is that the hospital does not
seek to maintain a rigid relation between its price and its own costs or demand. Its own costs or
demand may change, but the hospital maintains its price because competitors maintain their
prices. So the hospitals sets its prices on the basis of what competitors are changing conversely,
the same organization will charge its price when competitors change their, even if own costs or
demand have not altered. The most popular type of competition- oriented pricing is that under
which an organization tries to keep its prices at the average level charged by the competition.
This is called going rate or initiative pricing. Physicians are encouraged by their professional
association and by commercial insurers to use a going-rate competition-oriented pricing strategy
by charging ‗usual customary and reasonable‘ fees. Many hospitals engage in competition-
oriented pricing by offering a service at a price lower than competitive prices. As trade journal
headlines such as ‗same-day surgery competes with flat rate7. The continued focus on cost
containment by hospitals is likely to increase the amount and intensity of competitive bidding.
This is true not only for hospitals, but also for physician groups, nursing homes, home health
agencies, and other providers from which these organizations might want to contact for services8.
Maximum- Reimbursement-Oriented Pricing
Many hospitals charge maximum allowed by reimbursement agencies. This may be viewed
as a perverted form of demand pricing, or charging what the market will bear. It is only human
nature that a provider will seek to charge as much as other hospitals providing the same service.
The Relationship of Price and Demand in Hospitals
In the hospitals, it is safer to say that demand (D) is function of supply (S) and health insurance
coverage (C)
D = f (S, C)
A classic study in 1961 by Romer9
has focused on the supply of his hospital beds and services.
He was the first to demonstrate that health can demand expands to meet the supply, regardless of
price. Other studies have found the same demand response to the supply of physicians10
. More
recent studies, in scientific American and health affairs11
stated that the number of physicians,
their medical specialization, and styles of practice were primary determinants of health care
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demand. Thus, rather than being determined by price, demand for health care services appears to
be heavily determined by suppliers. It is difficult for consumers to act in a price-sensitive manner
when the control of health care purchase decisions is not usually in their hands12
because
medicines are inherently a seller‘s market. The customer (patient) has no bargaining power; he
initiates only one decision- to see a doctor. The sellers (doctors and hospitals) them take over;
they decide what services the patients needs, and do not ask but order him to buy, unable to
diagnose his own illness, the patient has little choice but meekly to obey13
It is an interesting
phenomenon in the health care field that the physician may be both suppliers and the demander
of health care services in their situations, price can not easily function to regulate demand.
Health care demand is also a function of health insurance or third-party coverage. Third-party
reimbursement covers roughly 60% of physician‘s fees and well over 90% of hospitalization
costs. The demand for services increases with increasing third-party coverge14
. Third party
coverage may be a determinant not only of demand, but also of price, that is
P = f (c)
Juba suggests that, by lowering the real out-of-pocket price to the consumers, third-party
coverage increases demand.15
On a more practical level, physicians and hospitals often find their
―prices‖ set for them by third-party coverage. The prices, fees, or changes are set as a maximum,
but the incentive of the health care provider is to change the maximum allowed by the third
party. Thus we find positive correlations between prices and third party coverage.16
As result of
the relationship among demand supply, coverage, and price, an interesting phenomenon in the
health care field occurs infrequently elsewhere. In order to increase revenues, suppliers in other
fields may raise their prices or attempt to increase their sales through gaining new customers or
generating more sales from existing customers. However, health care providers and suppliers
often do not have the freedom to raise prices as they choose because of third-party coverage fee
or charge ceilings, negotiated per unit fees, or prospective payment systems. In addition, strong
professional and peer norms against promotion and advertising have made it difficult for health
care providers to develop strategies to attract new customers.
The relationships between price, demand, supply and third- party coverage suggest that, in the
near term, price to the consumer may not have the power as a marketing tool it has in other
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industries. Moreover, the freedom health care providers have in setting price is less than in other
industries due to third-party reimbursement, cost-containment measures, and professional norms,
thereby limiting price‘s usefulness as a marketing tool. On the other hand, the rapid rise in costs
has caused the government and business to become more sensitive to pricing.
Self-Pay Market
When patients are covered for the recommended service, they rarely ask how much the
service costs. They are much more likely to ask, ―Will it cure me?‖ patients are generally
unaware of hospital charge rates, but have somewhat greater familiarity with office visit fees,
since they are more likely to self-pay for office visits. Therefore the role price plays as a
regulator of demand varies according to how the consumers are covered for the service in
question. Healthcare consumers engage in many self-pay purchases, ever if they are covered by a
typical health insurance benefit package. These purchases may include dental care, psychiatric
care, physician office visits, and cosmetic surgery that is not medically required, nursing home
care, and most home making/home health aide services. When the consumer self-pays, price may
not act as a regulator of demand. There are at least four reasons for this. First the price of health
care services is often unknown or unknowable17
Second, health care providers have traditionally
had little price sensitivity18
Third, may physicians charge ―usual and customary‖ fees, meaning
they charge approximately what other physicians charge. This means that consumers have little
chance to choose on the basis of price, even if they know what the prices are, because all prices
may be relatively similar. A fourth reason why price may not regulate demand in what have
traditionally beer self-pay markets is due to the nature of the patients for certain self-pay services
such as hospital outpatient services and the vast array of services offered by social services
agencies. These services have catered primarily to the indigent, who uses them without paying.
Price therefore has no effect on usage.
Self-Pay Ambulatory Settings
Most self-pay health care services are ambulatory i.e. seeing a physician or a dentist versus
being an inpatient overnight in a hospital; exceptions to this include nursing home and home
health care for certain classifications of payment. In the ambulatory setting following factors will
influence the role of price arise.
The patient-physician relationship is presumably based on trust and the belief that
the physician is acting in the patient‘s best interests.
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The canons of ethics of medical and clinical professionals have historically
frowned upon advertising of any kind, but especially price advertising.
Consumers are unable to judge the quality of medical care19
In the absence of
other ways to judge the quality of medical care, they are likely to rely on price as
an indicator.
Waiting time and convenience issues i.e. no monetary prices may out weigh and
substitute for monetary prices in influencing demand.
Physician‘s fees have been noted to be higher in areas where there are more
physicians per population contrary economic theory20
Price Setting In Hospitals
Historically, hospitals have used cost to charge ratios to arrive at average costs. However,
hospital financial experts think in the environment in which hospitals now operate this method of
costing and setting changes is not an effective one. Generally, hospitals priced inpatient surgery
and day surgery at the same rate despite the fact that there were variations in cost in different
settings. More importantly, hospitals can not make the concept of day surgery popular and attract
patients in large numbers as day surgery is expected to do unless the charges are made
competitive. In many settings, day surgery does cost less, and to charge the same amount for it as
for inpatient surgery is missing the whole point. Pricing hospital services is not as simple as
many of us are inclined to think. Many hospitals believe that the complicated exercise of pricing
is an expensive investment in terms of specialist personnel, time and many which most hospitals
can ill-afford rightly. Therefore hospitals adopt short costs, or blindly follow what prevails in the
region or in the industry with little or no variations. But hospitals while pricing their services,
they should know the cost of providing those services and the scientific way of computing and
fixing them, some times it is called as rate setting.
Direct and Indirect Costs
There are several components comprising the total cost of a product. The major components
are direct costs which include fixed and variable costs. Fixed costs are constant for each
procedure. These include equipment and administrative costs for each procedure, and department
overhead. Variable costs vary from procedure to procedure, and include cost of supplies and
labor needed for the procedure. In addition to direct costs, there are indirect costs consisting of
building depreciation, capital needs and the department‘s share of the hospital‘s administrative
171
costs. Once pricing is done scientifically on the basis of actual cost of service or procedure, or
charges are set because of other considerations or compulsion, it is very important that hospitals
should know how much a service or procedure costs, and if they subsidize, to what extent they
subsidize. Most of the Indian hospitals follow a variable pricing structure for inpatients on the
basis of the category of bed a patient occupies. By and large, there are three categories of beds
i.e. general ward beds, semi-private rooms and private rooms. However these are not the same in
every hospital. Besides, there are other categories such as deluxe rooms, executive suits etc.
Graduated Charges
Graduated charges are followed for any procedure or operation. Here there is no standard
which all hospitals follow. Some of them are arbitrary. For example the patient in the general
ward may be charged Rs.300 for an appendectomy whereas the patient in a bed semi-private
room may be charged Rs.600, and the one in the private room Rs.900. It is a measure of social
justice and also because the patient in the private room enjoys better facilities and greater
comfort, not to mention the fact he has the ability to pay more. The second important point in
pricing of hospital services is that the charges are by and large much lower than they are in
others, and are subsidized to varying degrees, some of them heavily. For example, the charge for
a bed in general ward may be Rs.20 per day but the cost of maintaining a general ward bed may
be anywhere between Rs.50 and Rs.80, even higher, depending on many factors. Here there is no
much logic on what basis prices are fixed. Some other hospitals which follow another pricing
policy have no scientific basis either, except the economic viability of the hospital. There are
usually the hospitals which have no outside sources of funds to subsidize patient care, and yet
they want to care for a certain percentage of indigent patients by subsidizing their care.
In the present due to increasing the cost of operations, hospitals for increasing their revenue in
order to meet the rising cost, many hospitals have in recent times increased the number of private
and semi-private rooms particularly the latter as they bring in more revenue, thereby reducing the
number of general ward beds. Now let us move on to price mix in two sample hospitals.
Price Mix in Apollo Hospital
In Apollo hospital the pricing mix includes three heads: 1.Fees 2.Inpatient charges 3.Third
party reimbursement. These three heads are based on the costs of producing concern different
services. In addition in Apollo the prices includes subsidiary elements, and the price may be
greater or smaller, depending up on the discounts. The discounts are offering to the special
172
groups such as employer groups and senior citizens etc. While fixing the prices of the services,
the management of Apollo considering the actual charges made by the hospital, but the hospital
is not finalizing those costs as final prices. Because the hospital is thinking, in patients point of
view i.e. what the customer facing costs like effort costs, psychic costs and waiting costs. It is
observed in Apollo hospital, there are heavy fixed costs to the services those are mostly utilizing
by the third party reimbursed patients only. Some of the services are pricing by the Apollo with a
view to maximizing short-run rather than long run benefits. Apart from this certain heart related
services are pricing independently by the Apollo without considering the market forces. In this
case the hospital believes that they are providing better services when compared to other
hospitals.
Some services in Apollo, prices are made by estimating demand of the service and its supply
by the other producers. Especially this is happening when the hospital is going to launching new
services. Most of the services are in Apollo cost based that seeks effective revenue per individual
service and allows to recover all or reasonable part of the total cost of producing the concern
service. Apollo is fixing this method of prices for third party reimbursement patients. Because in
Apollo 40% of the total patients are having third party reimbursement facility i.e. medical
insurance.
Apollo is providing different categories of rooms for patients depending up on their paying
capacity. Table no: 3.7 reveals the pricing structure for different categories of rooms, with
facilities in Apollo hospital.
Table No: 3.7
Pricing Structure of Different Categories of Rooms
Along With Facilities in Apollo Hospital
1 2 3 4
Sl
No
Category
of
Room
Facilities
Price Per
Day (Rs)
1 Apollo Suit
Air-conditioning, dining room, waiting room, patient cot, attendant cot, two
televisions, sofa seat, two telephones, refrigerator, dining table, computer
with inter-net, ward robe, microwave oven, massage chair.
10,000-00
2 Executive
Room
Air-conditioning, television, refrigerator, sofa seat, ward robe, patient cot,
attendant cot, computer with inter-net, ward robe, microwave oven. 8000-00
3 Deluxe
Room
Individual air-conditioned room large than a single room, patient cot, an
attendant cot, television, refrigerator, cupboard and sofa. 6000-00
4 Single
Room
Individual air-conditioned room with attached wash room, specially
designed floor, television, telephone and a couch. 5000-00
173
1 2 3 4
5
Semi-
private
room
Two air-conditioned rooms inter connected by a wash room, each room has a
television, telephone and a couch. 3000-00
6
Double
Sharing
Room
Air- conditioned room with two beds separated by a screen and a wash room
with a television, telephone and a couch. 1000-00
7
Special
General
Ward
Non-air conditioned room with three beds and a wash room attendant couch.
450-00
8 General
Ward
Room with six to ten beds and a wash room, every bed are provided with a
cupboard, foot stool, food trolley, a screen between each bed a washroom. 350-00
9 Platinum
Ward
Exclusive for custom-built services for patients being admitted for Hip
surgery. The facilities are: private suit with fully automated cot, easy access to
bath/toilet, wall mountain plasma T.V with 50 channels & over 1,000 English
DVD movies available for rent, laptop with Wi-Fi internet connection, extra
couch for an accompanying persons to sleep, kitchenette with microwave,
refrigerator, coffeemaker, ‗Hip Corridor‘ for patient to practice walking after
surgery, lounge to relax or receive visitors.
15000-00
There are nine categories of rooms at different prices are available to the patients in Apollo
hospital. Platinum ward, Apollo suit, executive rooms, deluxe rooms, single rooms are planned
for high level income people and single room, semi-private rooms and double sharing rooms are
arranged in view to arrange facility for middle income group and special general ward, general
ward arranged for lower income group.
For maximizing the utilization of services, Apollo fixing lower prices for certain services,
especially this is happening for health promotion programs. Some times Apollo offering some
services at free of cost. It is observed in Apollo hospital cutting basic emergency room charges in
half and also eliminating its cash deposit requirements. When the researcher asked one senior
administrative person, he responded as, they are concerning emergency room charges and cash
deposits requirements may become barriers to good medical care for persons who need it. In
some cases Apollo is charging higher prices for non-appointments and walk-in visits and to
encourage appointment-setting behaviour. On the other hand Apollo setting lower prices for
certain period. For this, when the researcher asked the doctors, they responded as ‗low room
rates receive more publicity than charges for other services. On certain services like ambulatory
service, pediatric service Apollo hospital following cross-subsidization methods for fixing prices
to balance the surpluses and losses.
174
On the whole, Apollo hospital is following four pricing strategies for fixing prices for their
services. Apollo is setting its prices on the basis of costs. In marketing this pricing strategy is
called as cost oriented pricing. There are fixing prices on the basis of costs, with a small markup
on the cost added to create the price. This strategy is following by the hospital for setting prices
where reimbursement is not an issue, like prices for blood bank service, ambulance or
transportation service etc., on this issue, the administrators of Apollo hospital saying three
important reasons for following this pricing strategy: first there is generally less uncertainty
about costs than about demand. By basing the price on cost, the hospital simplifies the pricing
task considerably; there is no need to make frequent adjustments as demand conditions change.
Second, when all the hospitals use this approach, their prices are similar if their costs and
markups are similar price competition can be minimized. Third, there is the feeling that cost-
markup pricing is socially fairer to patients and hospital. Finally they opinioned that the cost
oriented pricing administrative simplicity, competitive harmony and social fairness, so they are
preferring this strategy for fixing prices for certain services in Apollo hospital.
When the demand for certain services rather than the level of costs to set the price, Apollo is
following demand-oriented pricing strategy for fixing the prices. For this marketing people of the
hospital collecting information regarding how much value buyers see in the market offer and
price accordingly. For this Apollo is considering the other hospital prices for the same services.
Unfortunately Apollo is changing higher prices comparatively with other hospitals. For this, the
hospital authorities saying that the higher prices are for their reputation for excellent, quick and
responsive care. Apollo fixing for certain services on the basis of what competitors are charging.
This pricing method is called in marketing as ‗competition oriented pricing‘ Here the Apollo
hospital trying to keep its prices at the average level charged by the competition. This is
especially Apollo is following certain service where costs are different to measure and also the
hospital is believing that the going price represents the collective wisdom of the industry
concerning the price that yields a fair return.
Price Mix in Care Hospital
Price mix in Care hospital largely based on costs, broadly divided in to direct and indirect
costs and graduated charges. Before pricing services Care hospital is trying to know the cost of
providing those services and searching for the scientific way of competing and fixing them but
not fixing prices arbitrarily or following what prevails in other hospitals in the region. Because
175
the financial experts of Care hospital think that, in the environment in which hospital how
operative, this method of costing and setting charges is not an effective one. For this they are
explaining as generally hospitals priced inpatient surgery and same day surgery at the same price
despite the fact that there were variations in cost in different settings. More importantly, hospitals
can not attract patients in large numbers as day surgery is expected to do unless the charges are
made competitive.
Before fixing the prices, Care hospital considering several components to comprise the total
cost of a service. Usually the first component is fixed cost, comprises equipment and
administrative costs for each procedure, and department overheads etc. the second component is
variable costs, which vary procedure to procedure and includes cost of supplies and human
service needed for the procedure. In addition to, Care considering building depreciations, capital
needs and the department‘s share of the hospital‘s administrative costs. Later what remains is a
policy decision by the top management, whether a procedure or service should be priced by
adding a mark up profit or the price should be marked down for any reason or reasons to attract
volume sales. After fixing the prices scientifically on the basis of actual cost of service
procedure, finally Care hospital deciding how much a service or procedure is priced, and if they
subsidize services, to what extent they subsidize them.
Most of the services for inpatients in Care hospital are pricing based on variable pricing
structure and on the basis of the category of bed a patient occupies. In Care there are three
categories of beds, namely general ward beds, semi-private rooms and private rooms. Besides,
there are other categories such as single rooms with air conditioned and non-air-conditioned,
deluxe rooms, executive suits. Table no: 3.8 shows the prices of different categories of rooms in
Care hospital.
Table no: 3.8
Room Charges in Care Hospital
Sl.No Type of Room Facility Price For One Day
(Rs)
1 General Ward Twenty Beds In One Room 250-00
2 Semi-Private Room Five Beds In One Room 500-00
3 Single Room Non-Air-Conditioned (Individual) 750-00
4 Single Room Air-Conditioned (Individual) 1000-00
5 Deluxe Room Air-Conditioned, Other Facilities 2,000-00
6 Executive Room Air-Conditioned, Other Facilities 3,500-00
7 Care Suit Air-Conditioned, Other Facilities 5,000-00
176
For any operation or procedure, Care hospital following graduated charges. In this case, the
charges for any procedure go higher and higher as one goes higher in the category of beds. In
this regard, in Care the patient in the general ward charging Rs.350 for any appendectomy,
whereas the patient in a five bed semi private room charging Rs.450 and the one in the private
room Rs.600 (non-air-conditioned) Charging in the ratio of 1:2:3. It can be 1:1.5:2, not that the
operation done on the private room patient in any different or more complicated. It is a some
measure of social justice following by the Care hospital, and also the patient in the private rooms
like deluxe, executive and suit enjoys better facilities and greater comfort. Here the researcher
understood that the surgery does in fact costs as much as it is charged to higher categories of
beds, only in the case of lower category beds, charges are subsidized.
Apart from the above price mix of the Care hospital, they are following some other pricing
methods for certain services. Especially in the area of cardiology departments they are fixing
relatively high entry price. This is called in marketing skimming pricing strategy. On this issue
the researcher asked why they are fixing high prices comparatively other hospitals to the concern
people, they expressed following reasons. This strategy will allow the hospital to recover the
huge investment made in establishing the centre as quickly as possible. Second, it will help them
to maximize their revenue before other heart centers come up in that area and offer competition.
Third argument was that if the local patients were to go other cities which in this case were quite
a distance away, they would spend much more on their surgery anyway, and finally, it was
always easies to lower the price than to raise it. Pricing of some other services in Care like
cataract operations, sigerion operations etc, where the competition is huge, hospital charging
lower prices when compared to other hospitals with good staff, good equipment and facilities etc,
because the hospital fill its beds within an unusually short period of time.
Let us see the perceptions of doctors, nurses and administrative personnel on the price mix of
sample hospitals.
177
Perceptions of Doctors about the Price Mix of Sample Hospitals
Table no: 3.9 representing perceptions of doctors about the price mix of the sample hospitals
Table no: 3.9
Perceptions of doctors about price mix of the sample hospitals Perception: ( 1 ) Strongly agree ( 2 ) Agree ( 3 ) can‘t say ( 4 ) Disagree ( 5 ) strongly disagree
The survey has been taken up among the doctors about the ‗Hospital offering services at
affordable prices‘, 20 respondents with 26.70% in Apollo and in Care 1.33% expressed strongly
agree opinion. 15 respondents with 20.00% in Apollo and in Care 35 respondents with 45.32%
(1)
S.L
NO
(2)
Statement
(3)
Perception
(4)
Apollo
%
(5)
Care
%
1 This hospital is offering services at affordable
prices.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
26.70
20.00
20.00
20.00
13.30
100.00
1.33
45.32
13.30
33.39
6.66
100.00
2 In your hospital the quality of treatment depends
on price.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
1.33
18.66
46.65
21.39
11.97
100.00
1.33
6.66
64.02
26.66
1.33
100.00
3 Most of your patients are from higher income
level.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
2.66
30.74
45.32
13.30
7.98
100.00
1.33
20.00
76.01
1.33
1.33
100.00
4 Your hospital follows charges, what the other
hospitals follows.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
11.97
14.66
25.32
28.05
20.00
100.00
1.33
26.66
13.30
38.71
20.00
100.00
5 The charges for conducting, laboratory tests at
your hospital are reasonable.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
2.66
24.06
11.97
34.65
26.66
100.00
1.33
20.00
1.33
64.04
13.30
100.00
6 Your hospital follows stabilized pricing policies.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
14.63
18.76
31.99
21.32
13.30
100.00
1.33
6.65
26.66
58.71
6.65
100.00
178
expressed agree opinion. The neutral opinion came up from 15 respondents with 20.00% in
Apollo and 10 respondents with 13.30% in Care Hospital. 15 respondents with 20.00% in Apollo
and in Care 25 respondents with 33.39% expressed disagreed opinion. 10 respondents with
13.30% in Apollo and 5 respondents with 6.66% in Care Hospital expressed strongly disagreed
opinion. It is understood from the above analysis of statement that respondents are under the
opinion that the Hospital is offering services at affordable prices.
An attempt was made about the ‗quality of treatment depends on price in the hospital‘, only
one respondent with 1.33% has strongly agreed in Apollo and 1.33% expressed this opinion in
Care Hospital. 14 respondents with 18.66% in Apollo and 5 respondents with 6.66% in Care
Hospital expressed agree opinion. The neutral opinion was expressed by 35 respondents with
46.65% in Apollo and 50 respondents with 64.02% in case of Care Hospital. 16 respondents with
21.39% in Apollo and 20 respondents with 26.66% in Care Hospital expressed disagreed
opinion. 9 respondents with 11.97% expressed strongly disagreed opinion in Apollo and in case
of Care 1.33% expressed. On going through the above analysis of statement, it can be understood
that large number of respondents are with neutral opinion in respect of both the Hospitals.
The survey attempted to know that ‗most of the patients in the hospitals are from higher
income level‘. Out of 75 participates 2 respondents with 2.66% strongly agreed in Apollo
Hospital and only 1.33% in Care Hospital express the same. 73 respondents with 30.74%
expressed agreed opinion in respect of Apollo where as in Care 15 respondents 20.00%
expressed. The neutral opinion came up from 34 respondents with 45.32% in case of Apollo and
60 respondents with 76.01% in case of Care Hospital. 10 respondents with 13.30% expressed
disagreed opinion in Apollo and in Care 1.33% expressed. 6 respondents with 7.98% have
expressed strongly disagree opinion in Apollo and where as in Care Hospital only 1.33%
expressed the same opinion. From the above, it reveals that majority of respondents are with
neutral opinion in case of the patients coming to these Hospitals are from higher income level.
The subject was turned against the Hospital charges. For this statement of ‗hospital collecting
the same charges as the other Hospital follows‘, 9 respondents with 11.97% expressed strongly
agree opinion in respect of Apollo and 1.33% expressed the same opinion in case of Care
Hospital. 11 respondents with 14.66% expressed agree opinion in Apollo and in Care 20
respondents with 26.66% expressed the same. The neutral opinion came up from 19 respondents
with 25.32% in Apollo and in Care 10 respondents with 13.30% expressed. 21 respondents with
179
28.05% in Apollo expressed disagreed opinion and in case of Care 30 respondents with 38.71%
expressed. Equal number of 15 respondents with 20.00% expressed strongly disagree opinion
from both the Hospitals of Apollo and Care. On going through the above analysis, it can be
understood that a large number of respondents are of the opinion that both Hospitals are not
collecting the charges what other Hospitals follow.
An attempt was made on the ‗charges for conducting laboratory test at the Hospitals are
reasonable‘. For this 2 respondents with 2.66% expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo and
1.33% in Care Hospital. 18 respondents with 24.06% expressed agree opinion in Apollo and in
Care it was15 respondents with 20.00%. The neutral opinion expressed among 9 respondents
with 11.97% in Apollo and only 1.33% in Care Hospital. The disagreed opinion was expressed
by 26 respondents with 34.65% in Apollo and 50 respondents with 64.04% in Care Hospital. As
in case of strongly disagreed opinion, 20 respondents with 26.66% in Apollo and 10 respondents
with 13.30% in case of Care Hospital expressed. On the whole, it can be seen from the analysis
that majority of respondents are under the opinion that the charges for conducting laboratory
tests at both the Hospitals are not reasonable.
On the subject of ‗following stabilized pricing policies by the hospital‘, the survey reveals
that 11 respondents with 14.66% expressed strongly agree opinion in respect of Apollo and
1.33% in Care Hospital. 14 respondents with 18.76% agree in Apollo and 5 respondents with
6.65% in respect of Care Hospital. The neutral opinion arrived among 24 respondents with
31.99% in Apollo whereas in case of Care it was from 20 respondents with 26.66%. The
disagreed opinion came up from among 16 respondents with 21.32% in Apollo and in Care it
was 45 respondents with 58.71%. 10 respondents with 13.30% expressed strongly disagree in
respect of Apollo whereas in Care it was only from 5 respondents with 6.65%.On going through
the above analysis, it came to understand that large number of respondents are with disagree
opinion about the Hospital following stabilized pricing policies.
From the discussion it is observed that in Apollo the respondents believe that the hospital
quality of treatment depends on price and only higher income group peoples are coming to the
hospital even the hospital is fixing the charges depending up on what the other hospital following
charges. But Apollo is unable to change the prices according to the market situations. In the case
of Care hospital the pricing structure is framing by keeping the patients from lower income
people and the respondents believe that the treatment quality will not depend on price. But Care
180
frequently changing the prices according to the market needs. Further Care hospital charging
prices at high for conducting laboratory tests. Let us see the perceptions of nurses.
Perceptions of Nurses about the Price Mix of Sample Hospitals
Table no: 3.10 representing perceptions of nurses about the price of the sample hospitals. Table No: 3.10
Perceptions of nurses about price mix of the sample hospitals Perception: ( 1 ) Strongly agree ( 2 ) Agree ( 3 ) can‘t say ( 4 ) Disagree ( 5 ) strongly disagree
Opinion poll was conducted among the nurses about price mix at of sample Hospitals. There
were about 150 respondents participated. On the subject of ‗offering services at affordable prices
(1)
S.L
NO
(2)
Statement
(3)
Perception
(4)
Apollo
%
(5)
Care
%
1 This hospital is offering services at affordable
prices.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
39.29
0.66
19.31
26.76
13.98
100.00
20.78
39.29
12.65
13.98
13.30
100.00
2 In your hospital the quality of treatment depends
on price.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
5.94
13.98
26.15
31.96
21.97
100.00
0
13.98
19.31
46.81
19.90
100.00
3 Most of your patients are from higher income
level.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
5.99
7.32
39.29
27.41
19.99
100.00
12.65
20.75
39.29
7.32
19.99
100.00
4 Your hospital follows charges, what the other
hospitals follows.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
6.78
13.98
12.65
40.62
25.97
100.00
0.66
19.99
19.40
39.96
19.99
100.00
5 The charges for conducting, laboratory tests at
your hospital are reasonable.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
39.29
14.12
13.30
21.31
11.98
100.00
19.99
33.66
12.65
26.38
7.32
100.00
6 Your hospital follows stabilized pricing policies.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
19.99
21.31
38.79
12.65
7.26
100.00
7.32
39.29
33.96
13.30
6.13
100.00
181
in the hospital‘ 59 respondents with 39.29% have expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo and
in Care 31 respondents with 20.78% expressed. Only one respondent with .66% expressed
agree opinion in Apollo whereas in Care 59 respondents with 39.29% expressed. The neutral
expression was given by 29 respondents with 19.31% in Apollo and in Care 19 respondents with
12.65%. 40 respondents with 26.76% expressed their disagreed opinion in respect of Apollo and
in Care 21 respondents with 13.98% expressed. The strongly disagree opinion has taken place
among 21 respondents with 13.98% in Apollo and in Care 20 respondents with 13.30%
expressed. On going through the above analysis, it is understood that most of the respondents are
under the opinion that these Hospitals are offering services at affordable prices.
As regards ‗the quality of treatment depends on price‘, 9 respondents with 5.94% strongly
agree in Apollo and none in Care Hospital. 21 respondents with 13.98% expressed agree opinion
in Apollo and in case of Care Hospital also 21 respondents with 13.98% expressed. The neutral
opinion was taken place among 39 respondents with 26.15% in Apollo and in Care Hospital 29
respondents with 19.31%. 48 respondents with 31.96% expressed disagree opinion in Apollo and
in Care Hospital 70 respondents with 46.81% expressed. 33 respondents with 21.97% have
expressed strongly disagree opinion in Apollo and in Care Hospital 30 respondents with 19.99%
expressed. It is evident that most of the respondents in both the Hospitals are of the opinion that
the quality of treatment is not depended on the price.
The survey was turned to the aspect that the‘ most of the patients are from higher income
level‘, 9 respondents with 5.99% expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo, where as 19
respondents with 12.65% expressed in Care Hospital. 11 respondents with 7.32% expressed
agree opinion in Apollo and 31 respondents with 20.75% in case of Care hospital. Equal number
of 59 respondents with 39.29% expressed neutral opinion in both the Hospitals of Apollo and
Care. 41 respondents with 27.41% expressed disagreed opinion in case of Apollo and in case of
Care 11 respondents with 7.32% expressed the same opinion. In case of strongly disagreed
opinion also equal number of 30 respondents with 19.99% expressed in both the Hospitals. From
the above analysis, it is known that majority of respondents are not in position to come to a
conclusion that the patients are coming to the hospital from higher income level.
On the subject of Hospital charges, it was asked that ‗the hospital follows charges, what the
other hospitals follows‘, 10 respondents with 6.78% expressed strongly agree opinion in respect
of Apollo only 0.66% in case of Care Hospital. 21 respondents with 13.98% expressed agree
182
opinion in Apollo and in 30 respondents with 19.99% in Care expressed the same opinion. The
neutral opinion has come up from among 19 respondents with 12.65% in Apollo and in Care 29
respondents with 19.40% expressed. Majority of 61 respondents with 39.96% expressed disagree
opinion in respect of both the Hospitals of Apollo and Care. 39 respondents with 25.97% in
Apollo and 30 respondents with 19.99% expressed strongly disagreed opinion in Care hospital.
On going through the above analysis of statement, it can be seen that a large number of
respondents are under the opinion that these Hospitals are not following charges, what the other
Hospitals follow.
As regards the ‗charges for conducting laboratory tests at the Hospitals are reasonable‘, 59
respondents with 39.29% expressed strongly agree opinion in respect of Apollo and 30
respondents with 19.99% expressed the same opinion in case of Care. 21 respondents with
14.12% expressed agree opinion in case of Apollo and in Care 51 respondents with 33.66%
expressed the same opinion. The neutral opinion was taken place in respect of 20 respondents
with 13.30% in Apollo and in Care 19 respondents with 12.65% expressed. 32 respondents with
21.31% have expressed disagree opinion in Apollo and in Care 39 respondents with 26.38%. 18
respondents with 11.98% in Apollo and 11 respondents with 7.32% in Care expressed strongly
disagree opinion. From the above analysis it is understood that the majority of respondents are
under the opinion that the charges for conducting laboratory tests at both the Hospitals are
reasonable.
As regards the ‗Hospital follows stabilized pricing polices‘, 30 respondents with 19.99% in
respect of Apollo have expressed strongly agree opinion whereas in Care 11 respondents with
7.32% expressed the same. 32 respondents with 21.31% have expressed agree opinion in respect
of Apollo and 59 respondents with 39.29% in case of Care Hospital. The neutral opinion has
taken place among 58 respondents with 38.79% in Apollo and in case of Care 51 respondents
with 33.96% expressed. 19 respondents with 12.65% expressed disagreed opinion in respect of
Apollo and 20 respondents 13.30% expressed the same. 11 respondents with 7.26% have
expressed strongly disagree opinion in respect of Apollo and 9 respondents with 6.13% have
expressed the same opinion in case of Care. It is noticed from the above statement that a more
number of respondents are unable to express their opinion about the stabilized pricing policies
that the Hospital follows.
183
From the above discussion it is noticed that most of the respondents from Care hospital
accepted that the hospital is following affordable prices and the quality of the treatment will not
depend up on the price. But majority of respondents believe that the hospital is gaining attention
from the higher income people only. In the case of hospital charges, two hospitals are observing
the other hospitals for price fixing. For conducting laboratory tests Apollo is following
reasonable prices but Care is charging comparatively more prices. On overall the two sample
hospitals are having good price mix and gained positive response from the respondents. Let us
see the perceptions of administrative personnel about price mix of the sample hospitals.
Perceptions of Administrative Personnel about the Price Mix of Sample
Hospitals
Table no: 3.11 representing perceptions of administrative personnel about the price mix of the
sample hospitals
Table No: 3.11
Perceptions of administrative personnel about price mix of the sample hospitals Perception: ( 1 ) Strongly agree ( 2 ) Agree ( 3 ) can‘t say ( 4 ) Disagree ( 5 ) strongly disagree
(1)
S.L
NO
(2)
Statement
(3)
Perception
(4)
Apollo
%
(5)
Care
%
1 This hospital is offering services at affordable
prices.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
45.60
5.70
31.35
11.65
5.70
100.00
50.23
34.20
1.32
5.70
8.55
100.00
2 In your hospital the quality of treatment depends
on price.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
44.28
1.32
37.30
2.85
14.25
100.00
5.70
8.55
5.70
48.70
31.35
100.00
3 Most of your patients are from higher income
level.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
31.35
31.35
23.05
8.55
5.70
100.00
28.50
28.50
28.75
8.55
5.70
100.00
184
Opinion poll was under taken about ‗the Hospital offering services at affordable prices‘, 35
respondents are involved. Out of which 16 respondents with 45.60% expressed their strongly
agree opinion in respect of Apollo and in Care 18 respondents with 50.23% has expressed the
same. 2 respondents with 5.70% expressed agree opinion in respect of Apollo and in case of Care
12 respondents with 34.20% has expressed the same. 11 respondents with 31.35% expressed
neutral opinion in case of Apollo where as 1.32% in case of Care Hospital. 4 respondents with
11.65% expressed disagree opinion in case of Apollo and in Care Hospital 2 respondents with
5.70% expressed the same opinion. 2 respondents with 5.70% expressed strongly disagreed
opinion in respect of Apollo and in case of Care 3 respondents with 8.55% expressed the same
opinion. The analysis of statement shows that major part of respondents are on the opinion, that
these Hospitals offering services at affordable prices.
The survey was conducted on the subject that the ‗quality of treatment depends on price‘, 16
respondents with 44.28% has expressed strongly agree opinion, in case of Care 2 respondents
with 5.70% expressed the same. 3 respondents with 8.55% expressed agree opinion in respect of
Care Hospital and 1.32% in Apollo. The neutral opinion was taken place in respect of Apollo
from 13 respondents with 37.30% and in Care only 2 respondents with 5.70%. Only one
respondent with 2.85% expressed disagree opinion in Apollo and in Care 17 respondents with
48.70%. The strongly disagree opinion has come up from among 5 respondents with 14.25% in
1 2 3 4 5
4 Your hospital follows charges, what the other
hospitals follows.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
31.35
34.45
11.40
11.40
11.40
100.00
2.85
8.55
5.70
39.90
43.00
100.00
5 The charges for conducting, laboratory tests at
your hospital are reasonable.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
44.53
34.20
17.10
2.85
1.32
100.00
37.05
43.00
5.70
8.55
5.70
100.00
6 Your hospital follows stabilized pricing policies.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
37.05
37.05
17.35
5.70
2.85
100.00
31.35
45.85
8.55
5.70
8.55
100.00
185
Apollo and in Care 11 respondents with 31.35% expressed. On going through the analysis, it is
observed that different opinions have come up. Majority of respondents strongly agree in respect
of Apollo, where as in Care majority of respondents disagree in respect of the quality of
treatment in the hospital depends on price.
On the subject that ‗most of the patients are from higher income level‘, the survey reveals the
following responses. 11 respondents with 31.35% expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo
and 10 respondents with 28.50% in Care Hospital. 11 respondents with 31.35% in Apollo
expressed agree opinion and in Care 10 respondents with 28.50% expressed the same opinion.
Neutral opinion has come up from among 8 respondents with 23.05% in Apollo and in Care
Hospital 10 respondents with 28.75% expressed. 3 respondents with 8.55% expressed disagreed
opinion in respect of Apollo and in Care also the same response has come. Likewise 2
respondents with 5.70% have expressed strongly disagree opinion in both the Hospitals of
Apollo and Care. In conclusion of the analysis it is noticed that majority of respondents are under
the opinion that the patients are from higher income level in both the Hospitals.
The opinion poll was diverted at the aspect of ‗collecting charges what the other Hospitals
follow‘. For this 11 respondents with 31.35% expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo and in
Care only one respondent with 2.85% expressed the same opinion. 12 respondents with 34.45%
expressed agree opinion in Apollo and in Care three respondents with 8.55% expressed. The
neutral opinion came up from among 4 respondents with 11.40% in Apollo and in Care 2
respondents with 5.70% expressed. As regards the disagreed opinion, 4 respondents with 11.40%
in Apollo and 14 respondents with 40.15% in Care Hospital expressed. 4 respondents with
11.40% expressed strongly disagreed opinion in Apollo and in Care 15 respondents with 42.75%
in respect of Care. From the above, it can be noticed that different opinions have came up. In
case of Apollo Hospital majority of respondents are agreeing that the Hospital follows charge
what the other Hospitals follow. At the same time in respect of Care Hospital more respondents
are disagreeing with the above statement.
The survey has turned against ‗the charges for conducting laboratory tests at the Hospital are
reasonable‘. For this, 16 respondents with 44.53% expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo
whereas 13 respondents with 37.05% in Care expressed. 12 respondents with 34.20% agree in
respect of Apollo and in case of Care 15 respondents with 43.00% expressed the same. The
neutral opinion has come up from among 6 respondents with 17.10% in Apollo and in Care 2
186
respondents with 5.70% expressed. Only one respondent with 2.85% expressed disagree opinion
in respect of Apollo where as in Care 3 respondents with 8.55% expressed. Only 1.32% came
forward to express strongly disagreed opinion in Apollo and in Care two respondents with 5.70%
expressed. From the above, it can be understood that a large number of respondents are under the
opinion that the charges for conducting laboratory tests at both the Hospitals are reasonable.
As regards the ‗Hospital following stabilized pricing policies‘, 13 respondents with 37.05%
expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo and in Care Hospital 11 respondents with 31.35%
expressed the same. Agreed opinion expressed by 13 respondents with 37.05% in Apollo and 16
respondents with 45.85% expressed the same in Care.. The neutral opinion came up from 6
respondents with 17.35% in Apollo and in Care 3 respondents with 8.55% expressed. Two
respondents with 5.70% expressed disagreed opinion in both the hospitals. Only one respondent
2.85% has expressed strongly disagree opinion in case of Apollo and in Care Hospital 3
respondents with 8.55% have expressed. On the whole the majority of respondents are under the
opinion that both the Hospitals are following stabilized pricing prices
From the above discussion it is observed that the most of the respondents in Apollo believe
that the hospital is not offering services at affordable prices. This is because the Apollo is fixing
prices by keeping higher income people only. But in Care hospital the respondents believe,
hospital is fixing charges individually those are affordable. On the other hand laboratory charges
are reasonable in the two hospitals. The two hospitals are following stabilized pricing policies.
On the whole, it is observed that the price mix is good in two sample hospitals. Now we will take
up the Mean and S.D of Doctors Perceptions on the Price Mix of the Sample Hospitals
187
Mean and Standard Deviation values of Doctor‘s Perceptions on the Price Mix
of Sample Hospitals
Table no: 3.12 representing mean and standard deviation values of perceptions of doctors
about the price mix of the sample hospitals.
Table No: 3.12
Mean and S.D of Doctors Perceptions on the Price Mix of the Sample Hospitals
(N=75)
Sl.No Statement Apollo Care
Mean S.D Mean S.D
1 This hospital is offering services at affordable prices.
2.73 1.39 3.00 1.03
2 In your hospital the quality of treatment depends on price.
3.26 0.93 3.22 0.53
3 Most of your patients are from higher income level.
2.92 0.86 2.80 0.40
4 Your hospital follows charges, what the other hospitals
follows. 3.14 1.36 3.53 1.09
5 The charges for conducting, laboratory tests at your
hospital are reasonable. 3.60 1.15 3.73 0.93
6 Your hospital follows stabilized pricing policies.
3.00 1.21 3.66 0.70
5 Point Scale: 1-strongly agree…….5-strongly disagree
Table no: 3.12 shows that ‗affordability of services‘ (2.73), ‗quality of services depends on
price‘ (3.26), ‗serving only higher income level‘ (2.92), ‗follows charges what the other hospital
follows‘ (3.14), ‗chargers for laboratory tests‘ (3.60), ‗stabilized pricing policies‘ (3.00). From
this it can be concluded that the price mix in Apollo hospital gained positive response by the
respondents.
In the same way the perceptions of the respondents on the price mix in care hospital;
‗affordability of services‘ (3.00), ‗quality of services depends on price‘ (3.22), ‗serving only
higher income level‘ (2.80), ‗follows charges what the other hospital follows‘ (3.53), ‗chargers
for laboratory tests‘ (3.73), ‗stabilized pricing policies‘ (3.66). From this it can be understood
that the price mix in care hospital reveals positive response by the respondents.
188
Mean and Standard Deviation values of Nurse‘s Perceptions on the Price Mix
of Sample Hospitals
Table no: 3.13 representing mean and standard deviation values of perceptions of nurses
about the price mix of the sample hospitals.
Table No: 3.13
Mean and S.D of Nurses Perceptions on the Price Mix of the Sample Hospitals
(N=150)
Sl.No Statement Apollo Care
Mean S.D Mean S.D
1 This hospital is offering services at affordable prices.
2.73 1.53 2.60 1.31
2 In your hospital the quality of treatment depends on price.
3.46 1.15 3.73 0.93
3 Most of your patients are from higher income level.
3.46 1.09 3.00 1.26
4 Your hospital follows charges, what the other hospitals
follows. 3.66 1.19 3.60 1.02
5 The charges for conducting, laboratory tests at your
hospital are reasonable. 2.52 1.50 2.47 1.09
6 Your hospital follows stabilized pricing policies.
2.66 1.14 2.72 1.01
5 Point Scale: 1-strongly agree…….5-strongly disagree
Table no: 3.13 shows that ‗affordability of services‘ (2.73), ‗quality of services depends on price‘
(3.46), ‗serving only higher income level‘ (3.46), ‗follows charges what the other hospital
follows‘ (3.66), ‗chargers for laboratory tests‘ (2.52), ‗stabilized pricing policies‘ (2.66). From
this it can be concluded that the price mix in Apollo hospital gained positive response by the
respondents.
In the same way the perceptions of the respondents on the price mix in care hospital;
‗affordability of services‘ (2.60), ‗quality of services depends on price‘ (3.73), ‗serving only
higher income level‘ (3.00), ‗follows charges what the other hospital follows‘ (3.60), ‗chargers
for laboratory tests‘ (2.47), ‗stabilized pricing policies‘ (2.72). From this it can be understood
that the price mix in care hospital reveals positive response by the respondents.
189
Mean and Standard Deviation values of Administrative personnel‘s
Perceptions on the Price Mix of Sample Hospitals
Table no: 3.14 representing mean and standard deviation values of perceptions of
Administrative personnel about the price mix of the sample hospitals.
Table No: 3.14
Mean and S.D of Administrative Personnel Perceptions on the Price Mix of the Sample Hospitals
(N=35)
Sl.No Statement Apollo Care
Mean S.D Mean S.D
1 This hospital is offering services at affordable prices.
2.40 1.45 1.85 1.24
2 In your hospital the quality of treatment depends on price.
2.22 1.16 3.91 1.12
3 Most of your patients are from higher income level.
2.37 1.35 2.34 1.16
4 Your hospital follows charges, what the other hospitals
follows. 2.40 1.45 4.11 1.05
5 The charges for conducting, laboratory tests at your
hospital are reasonable. 1.77 0.84 2.08 1.19
6 Your hospital follows stabilized pricing policies.
2.00 1.02 2.11 1.20
5 Point Scale: 1-strongly agree…….5-strongly disagree
Table no: 3.14 shows that ‗affordability of services‘ (2.40), ‗quality of services depends on price‘
(2.22), ‗serving only higher income level‘ (2.37), ‗individual pricing‘ (2.40), ‗chargers for
laboratory tests‘ (1.77), ‗stabilized pricing policies‘ (2.00). From this it can be concluded that the
price mix in Apollo hospital gained positive response by the respondents.
In the same way the perceptions of the respondents on the price mix in care hospital;
‗affordability of services‘ (1.85), ‗quality of services depends on price‘ (3.91), ‗serving only
higher income level‘ (2.34), ‗follows charges what the other hospital follows‘ (4.11), ‗chargers
for laboratory tests‘ (2.08), ‗stabilized pricing policies‘ (2.11). From this it can be understood
that the price mix in care hospital reveals positive response by the respondents
Conclusion Price is one of the most prominent elements in the marketing mix. Price charged must be
acceptable to target customers and it should co-ordinate with other elements of the marketing
mix. Price charged by the hospital usually depends on treatment prescribed by the respective
190
consultants and the facilities offered to the patient. As a service is intangible, it is very hard for
determining the price of the particular service rendered. Pricing strategy adopted does not depend
on the price offered by competitors. The pricing strategy is formulated after consulting heads of
departments. Price of various facilities are revised every year depending on the change in
technology. Before fixing prices, government controls are also taken consideration. The
observation regarding price mix of two hospitals under study indicating that the two hospitals are
not following stabilized pricing policies, they are changing prices, when other hospitals changing
prices. In most of the cases Care hospital is not gaining the attention from the higher income
people this indicating their prices are concentrating on lower income group only. This is because
the quality of treatment will not follow the price in Care hospital. In Apollo price is influencing
the quality of the treatment, further most of the patients are coming from higher income group
only. The laboratory charges are not reasonably fixed in Care hospital so the patients are going to
other laboratories. In this issue Care has to take serious action. On the whole, it is observed that
the two hospitals are marinating good price mix for marketing their services. Now let us move on
to the place mix in hospitals.
Place Mix in Hospitals
Place is one of the key elements, in the sense that the hospital should be easily accessible to
the patients but at the same time should be adequately protected from pollution. Corporate
hospitals can distribute their services using the services of doctors and private clinics. Doctors,
who have their private practice, work as visiting/consultant doctors for corporate hospitals. They
can refer their patients to these hospitals for diagnosis, surgeries etc. other doctors too can refer
their patients to corporate hospitals, as they do not have adequate facilities for specialized
services. Corporate hospitals can also use ambulances to offer immediate care to patients in
emergency conditions.
Every hospital should consider how it will make its services available and accessible to its
target consumers. It has two aspects. The first is the availability of the service at a time and place
convenient to the patients. So the hospital must have community outreach programmes, satellite
clinics and the like which deliver health care right at the people‘s doorstep, and industrial,
corporate or occupational medicine at the work place. The second aspect of this component is the
hospital‘s place in the entire health care system involved in marketing. To distribute health care,
one needs more than the hospital which is only one link in the system. We need physicians,
191
allied health care personnel, hospital administrators, donors, government, insurance companies,
employers, and others. These from the distribution channels for health care.
Hospitals whose primary products are services have three major distribution decisions. These
involve
Physical access ( channels, location and facilities)
Time access
Promotional access (including referrals)
Physical Access
In the past decades there has been an explosion in the types of channels used to deliver medical
care and health promotion. Fig. no: 3.8 show some hospital channels.
Fig. No: 3.6
Controlling Channels into and out of the Hospital
Private M.D. Geriatric day care
Transport system Skilled nursing facility
PPO/HMO Hospice
Industrial health Private M.D
Diagnostic care centre Home health care
Primary care centre Rehabilitation center
(Surgicenter, emergicenter)
Ambulatory Hospital After care/chronic care
Source: Jeff Goldsmith, Health Futures, Chicago, Illinois.
The channels used for health promotion and early disease detection have also expanded
rapidly. The unexciting four basic foods chart used to hang in every elementary school classroom
has given way to health fairs in the community, computerized health information banks in public
libraries, the cable health network (a cable television network devoted exclusively to
disseminating health-related information), health education videotapes to be rented for home use,
hospital based television systems providing patient education information and telephone hotlines
covering every conceivable aspect of health care including suicide hotlines, elder health hotlines,
and explanations (― reach out and touch someone‖)21
Where as surgery used to be performed
Hospital
Intake Diag-
nosis
Trea-
tment Care
192
only in a hospital on an inpatient basis, patients can now have surgery, performed at the hospital
on an inpatient or out-patient basis or in free-standing one-day surgicenters. One noticeable trend
in the use of new channels is the tendency to bring healthcare to the consumers, rather the
consumer to come the source of health care delivery. Mobile vans, now deliver medical care and
health screening tests to shopping malls, schools, and worksites.
Location
Physical access decisions also raise considerations of location. The majority of hospitals
operate out of one facility. Those which do not encounter all the classic distribution problems
faced by retail business firms: how many branches or outlets to operate, of what size, where
located, and what specialization at each branch. The location of hospitals often such a dominant
factor that it dictates what the rest of the marketing mix looks like. A neighborhood health center
in a lower-income neighborhood (location) usually attracts poor clienteles, so prices must be kept
low. Because people from higher-income neighborhoods are unlikely to come to a poorer
neighborhood for medical care, the health center limits its promotion to those who are likely to
use the center.
Location decisions are made all the time in hospitals. Group patients and practices and
hospitals setup satellite clinics. Physicians and dentists who are setting up practices must select
office locations. Too frequently, these decisions are made with little consultation of relevant
factors. These factors, formulated as questions, include area underserved medically? Or is there
already significant competition in the area? Is the area anticipating population growth or decline?
What is the current and projected demographic makeup of the community? Does the location
have to be in a high traffic area? Should it be accessible to public transportation or to parking
facilities? Does it need to be near other medical facilities or near a referral base?
Choice of location is an important marketing decision because the patient market often
segments itself according to proximity to the source of medical care22
One study found that the
second most important reason for choosing a hospital is proximity to home (location) 23
The
importance of distance from the source of care lessens as the risk of the medical problem
decreases, as the patient‘s level of education and income rises, and as the medical
visit/admissions moves from unplanned to planned24
193
Facilities
Designing of the facilities is third physical access consideration. Hospitals that operate
inpatient or ambulatory facilities or whose consumers use the facility in some other way have to
make decisions on the ‗look‘ of their facilities, because the look can affect consumer attitudes
and behavior. Many hospitals have an institutional look, with long narrow corridors, drab wall
colors, and badly work furniture, all contributing a depressed feeling to patients who are already
depressed about their condition. New hospitals are designed with colors, textures, furnishings,
and layouts that reinforce positive feelings. They may have circular or rectangular layouts with
centralized nursing stations, permitting nurses to monitor the patients better. Single-care units are
replacing the traditional semi-private rooms based on the over whelming preference for such
units by both patients and physicians. Hospital facilities designing face at least four major design
decisions.
What should the facility look like on the out side?
What should be the functional and flow characteristics of the facility?
What should the facility feel like on the inside?
What materials furnishings, and so on, would best support the desired feeling of the
facility?
Hospital facility has a look that may add to or detract from consumer satisfaction and
employee performance. The later point deserves special emphasis. Since employees work in the
facility all day long, it should be designed to support them in performing their work with ease
and cheerfulness. The risk in falling to attend to physical access issues is that the hospitals will
create patient dissatisfaction. If patients receive treatment in a rundown facility, they are likely to
demean not only the facility, but the treatment as well. Therefore hospitals should pay attention
to the details of the present facility and take ever minor steps to improve comfort or
effectiveness. Every facility conveys something to users about the attitudes toward them felt by
the service providers.
Time Access
Time access deals with two distinct issues. 1. The hours during which services are provided
2. The length of waiting time in the services provider‘s waiting areas and the length of time
between calling for and having an appointment.
194
1: Hospitals generally keep banker‘s hours. Most physicians, dentists, neighborhood health
centers, social service agencies, mental health clinics, and other ambulatory service providers
were available from 8 A.M to 5P.M one week days, with an occasional evening session that ran
until 7 P.M. Hospitals also had limited time access. Surgical and diagnostic procedures were
generally limited to weak days, when operating room staff and medical technicians were
available. Again, this meant that inpatient diagnostic and surgical care could be received only at
the expense of the patient‘s work time. However, these time access barriers have often been
developed with little consideration for the needs of the patients. When the consumer uses the
hospital inappropriately due to being denied reasonable time access to proper care, the tendency
is to be balance the consumer rather the hospital services delivery system.
Many new channels have developed to address this problem and older channels have
modified their hours. The walk-in medical clinics and the 24-hour telephone information services
and hotlines are further indications that health services are increasingly responding to access
barriers. Private practice providers have expanded their hours in order to remain competitive, and
hospitals are operating the equivalent of walk-in medical clinics.
2: Hospital waiting area or between the time of the call for the appointment and the appointment
it self, is another area that is potential source of great dissatisfaction and where some provider
exchanges have already occurred. A study of waiting times in different medical settings reported
the following: ‗How long people must wait for a physician appointment and how long they must
wait in the physician‘s office or other medical setting to see the physician reflects the scheduling
patterns of physicians and outpatient facilities and judgments about how quickly they should be
seen.‘ Waiting time for an appointment can be a source of dissatisfaction with the delivery of
medical care if the patient‘s view of the appropriateness of the wait differs from that of the
physician or the person scheduling the appointment. Waits in the office or outpatient department
can likewise be a source of dissatisfaction if people must wait beyond their scheduled time or if
those making unscheduled or emergency visits wait longer than they consider reasonable.25
An
article specifically recommends that no patient should have to wait more than 15 minutes beyond
the time of the appointment. The provision of health care does require some lee ways in timing,
because the time required for each visit or unit of service may not be able to be known in
advance. A chest pain could be indigestion or a heart attack. One obviously requires more time
than the others.
195
Managing a hospital service to minimize waiting time involves not just actual waiting time,
but also psychological waiting time. People may not mind waiting if they are enjoying
themselves or are able to make productive use of the time. For this hospitals can maintain video
equipment and tapes available for waiting patients, having a big toy box and play area for
children, and having constantly updated magazines on nearby tables etc.
Hospital Service Referral Process
The distribution of hospital services is the reverse to the distribution of tangible products.
How to get consumer to the service provider so that the service can be produced. The process of
getting the service producer or provider and the consumer together so that the service can be
delivered is called ‗referral‘. The purpose of referral is to provide promotional and informational
access to the consumer. Fig. no: 3.9 Explains the contrasting distribution flows of products and
services.
Fig. No: 3.7
Contrasting Distribution Flows of Products and Services
The product distribution process:
The hospital service referral process:
Source: Phllip Kotler, Robert N.Clarke ―Marketing For Health Care Organizations‖
The process of referral involves the use of intermediaries who distribute information on and
promote the organization. The most obvious intermediary in the hospital industry is the
physician. Hospitals rely on physician to promote the hospital‘s services to patients. Physicians
are also intermediaries for pharmaceutical companies, which rely on them to recommend and
prescribe certain drug products to their patients. Along with physicians, hospital discharge
Producer
Patient
Retailer Market wholesalere
rerer
Primary
Care
Physicia
n
Specialist Hospital
Product Product Product
Hospital
Services
196
planners are the intermediaries for all the health care organizations populating the hospital
aftercare market i.e. nursing homes, home health agencies, homemaking services rehabilitation
centers etc.
The choice to use or not use intermediaries is encompassed by the choice between two
strategies marketers commonly call ‗push‘ versus ‗pull‘. A push strategy is one that relies on
intermediaries to inform and promote or push the organization to the consumer. The essence of a
push strategy is the use of personal selling. A pull strategy employs no middlemen, relying
instead on substantial advertising and related promotion directed to pull the consumer in to use
the organization‘s services. A pull strategy involves no personal selling and employs only
impersonal promotional.
Hospitals that rely on referral and the use of intermediaries to generate demand is using a
push strategy. It is the strategy traditionally used by hospitals, and it is likely to remain so. A
push strategy is particularly appropriate for hospitals that are sensitive in nature and thus difficult
to advertise, or for services for which the consumers must rely on an intermediary professional,
clinics, or authority to decide on the appropriate purchase. Many hospitals lack of financial
resources to carry out a program to direct marketing. The government of India adopted family
planning as an official cause and set up a department to disseminate birth control information
and contraceptives. The department‘s goal was to make contraceptives available to the smallest,
remotest villages in that nation26
Hospitals are beginning to recognize their ability to implement marketing strategies involving
physicians as intermediaries. Many hospitals actively seek to expand their medical staff in
specialties in which additional patient volume is sought. They may also identify communities on
the fringes of their service area from which they wish to attract patients and place physicians in
practice there. This may be viewed as staking out territory, ‗protecting‘ it from competing
hospitals.
Effective use of referral requires recognizing that the intermediaries are a market. Not only do
they serve the interest of the organization through the promotional and informational access they
provide, but the organization must also provide value to them.
197
Place or Distribution Mix in Apollo Hospital
Place or distribution mix in Apollo hospital can be described in terms of physical access of
the Apollo hospital, time access, informational and promotional access of the hospital. In Apollo
physical access comprises the channels which the hospital using for distributing the health
services. Location of the Apollo hospital includes the branches or outlets to operate, size, where
located and what are the specialization at each branch they are offering etc, and designing of the
facilities. Apollo is utilizing different channels for delivery of health services to the needy. In
Apollo the patients now can get the surgery on an inpatient or out-patient basis or in free-
standing one-day surgery centers. Apollo offering house visits in some areas where an
oversupply of physicians motivates a higher level of service to the patients. Apollo changing
channels in obstetrics, some which are not clinically accepted, have moved the birth process out
of traditional labor and delivery rooms in to hospital-based alternative birth centers and on
occasion in to the home. The channels using by the Apollo for health services promotion and
early disease The channels using by the Apollo for health services promotion and early disease
detection have also expanding rapidly. For this Apollo displaying food charts that used to hang in
every elementary school class rooms in the Hyderabad city, computerized health information in
public libraries, health education CDs sold to the patients and tele- medicine services covering
every conceivable aspect of the health care including suicide hotlines, elder hotlines and
sexplanations etc,. Table no: 3.15 shows the Tele-medicines service of the Apollo hospital.
Table No: 3.15
Apollo Telemedicine Services
1 2 3
Sl.No Name
Description
1 Tele-Radiology Transferring digitized images like X-Rays, MRIs and CT scans
From one location to another for diagnostic reports.
2 Tele-Dermatology Exchanging digital images of skin for interpretation.
3 Tele-Pathology Sharing microscopic images with pathologists sitting in diverse location for instant
report.
4 Tele-Cardiology Transferring data from modalities such as ECG, Echo cardiogram expert opinion.
5 Remote-ICU
Monitoring
An excellent solution for providing critical care to patients located in remote areas
with basic health care facilities.
198
1 2 3
6 Ambulance
Monitoring
A life saving solution in cases where patients need to be transferred overlong distances to
reach the nearest hospital. The vital signs of the patient can be monitored by a team of
specialists and valuable as well as timely health care can be provided even before the patient
reaches the hospital.
7 Mobile Tele
Medicine Unit
A solution aimed at providing healthcare where hospitals are unavailable. Using a
telemedicine van, video conferencing and satellite communication, medical care is provided
to people in remote areas. It also acts as a life saver providing timely health aid in times of
large scale disaster or natural calamities.
8 Electronic
Health Card
A web based solution enabling health care professionals to access a patient‘s medical
information any where and any time.
One important trend noticed by researcher in Apollo hospital, in the use of new channels to
bring health services to the consumer, rather than forcing the consumer to come to the hospital.
For this Apollo arranging mobile vans for delivering medical care and health screening tests at
shopping malls, schools and worksites. On the aspect of location of the Apollo hospital,
Jublihills, Hyderabad located at film nager, heart of the city spread over a campus area of 35
acres, the hospital has a built-up area of 190,000 sft with a patient serving capacity of 1, 00,000
per year. The other outlets located at various areas of Hyderabad are shown in the table no: 3.16
Table No: 3.16
Other Outlets of Apollo Hospital
Sl.No Location Area
(Acres) No.of.Beds
Patients Serving
Per year
1 Ahmedabad 10 400 10,000
2 Banglore 8 250 98,000
3 Bilaspur 17 290 2,78,000
4 Chennai 25 455 1,20,000
5 Bhubaneswar 7.5 350 82,000
6 Delhi 12 550 1,32,000
7 Kakinada 5 60 11,000
8 Kolkata 12 425 1,12,000
9 Madurai 10 200 15,000
10 Vishakapatnam 13 250 20,000
11 Republic of Mauritius 18 200 15,000
12 Dhaka 11 450 29,000
13 Ludhiyana 6 65 18,000
14 Indore 8 140 23,000
15 Ranchi 5 130 24,000
16 Pune 13 305 70,000
17 Raichur 9 422 28,800
18 Mysore 16 170 62,000
19 Ranipet 10 100 23,000
199
It is observed in Apollo hospital, they are considering some important factors before
starting the new branch in some other locations, the factors are competition, medical facilities
availability, population, transportation, parking facilities etc,. While selecting location of the
hospital, Apollo giving importance to the proximity to residential areas. On this issue when the
researcher asked the hospital people, they responded as proximity is important in the case of
emergency situation. Researcher has observed that the Apollo Jublihills was located at highly
populated area and the hospital can be reached with in 10 minuets to half an hour. There are
different transportation modes are available to reach the hospital with in short time. For the
parking place Apollo have arranged 5 acres of place at two different locations in the hospital.
Apollo is providing better time access, but the timing of different services varies from one to
another. Services in Apollo like ambulatory services, dental, mental health etc. are available
from 8 A.M to 5 P.M. on week days with an occasional evening section that run until 8 P.M.
depending up on the need. To receive the important services, patients have to take appointment
from the concern doctor at least before one week. Patients can take appointments from various
appointment centers which are located at various cities, towns and other areas in the state.
Through appointments, patients can get the appointment date and timing letter, with it they can
directly approach the doctor on that date at Hyderabad Apollo health city. However the
researcher observed that the Apollo hospital had limited time access for surgical and diagnostic
procedures which were generally limited to week days. It is also observed that some times due to
unavailability of operating staff and medical staff, patients has to wait even days to get the
required services. Especially the patients from out side the country to get the surgery they have
to wait minimum one month to three months. When the researcher observed the waiting time for
patients in Apollo, it was noticed that they are taking at least half an hour to get the call in the
hospital. Some times it is crossing more than two hours, occasionally four to five hours.
On the aspect of promotion of health services, Apollo hospital using intermediaries to
distribute the information and promote the services of the hospital. For this Apollo is relying on
physicians to promote the hospital‘s services to patients. Along with hospital discharge planners,
nursing homes, home health agencies, home making services, rehabilitation centers etc, are using
as intermediaries for promoting the services.
200
Place or Distribution Mix in Care Hospital
The place or distribution mix of Care hospital can be explained in terms of two aspects. The
first one is location of the hospital and its channels using for distribution of services and the
second aspect includes the facilities, branches located in the same city and over the country with
its bed capacity and specializations, community out reach programmes, satellite clinics which
deliver health services at the people‘s doorsteps and hospital‘s industrial, corporate or
occupational medicine at the work place. Care hospital located at Banjarahills Road No: 10
Hyderabad, which is the heart of the city, spread over 10 acres with 55,000 Sft. of built up area.
At present Care hospital having 430 beds, including 120 critical care beds with annual inflow of
1, 80,000 patients for consultations and 16,000 patients for admission. The hospital is having
good transportation facility from all the corners of the city; usually it will take 15 to 45 minuets
to reach the hospital. But it is noticed that, the hospital is not concentrated for arranging parking
place for the visitors and others.
In order to provide better services and to reach nearer to the needy, Care hospital started its
outlets at different places in the city includes, Nampally, Secunderabad, Musheerabad and out
side the city includes Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada, Nagpur, Pune, Raipur, Bhubaneswar, and
Surat with different bed capacities. Table no: 3.17 depicts this information.
Table No: 3.17
Other Outlets of Care Hospital
Sr. Place of Business Unit State Year of Starting No. of. Beds
1 CARE Heart Institute
Nampally Andhra Pradesh 1997 310
2 CARE Hospitals
Secunderabad Andhra Pradesh 1998 40
3
CARE Hospitals
Visakhapatnam
( Two units)
Andhra Pradesh 1999 230
4 Care Hospitals, Banjarahills , Hyderabad Andhra Pradesh 2002 460
5 CARE Hospitals, Vijayawada Andhra Pradesh 2004 150
6 CARE Hospitals, Nagpur Maharastra 2006 105
7 CARE Hospitals, Musheerabad Andhra Pradesh 2007 130
8 CARE Hospitals, Pune
(Two units) Maharastra 2007 170
9 CARE Hospitals, Raipur Chattisgarh 2007 125
10 CARE Hospitals, Bhubaneswar Orissa 2007 105
11 CARE Hospitals, Surat Gujarat 2008 110
201
As a part of distribution mix, Care hospital providing Care clinics. These clinics are unique
offering from care hospital. Through these low cost models, care hospital aims to spell
convenience to patient through easy accessibility of a health services just around the corner.
Each care clinic is equipped with diagnostic centre, operational with state of art facilities,
pharmacy, out-patient departments, apart from the advanced wellness-centers. In addition to the
routine checks, care clinics offers disease management programs, wellness programs and allows
the patients to choose from more than one thousand health checks. Along with these, care clinics
also offering the exceptional concept of home healthcare for patients who are unable to come to
the hospital for a variety of reasons. The home healthcare covers post hospitalization, home
monitoring by nurses, and home visiting by doctors etc. Now let us move on to the perceptions
of Doctors, Nurses and Administrative Personnel on place mix of the sample hospitals.
Perceptions of Doctors about the Place Mix of Sample Hospitals Table no: 3.18 representing perceptions of doctors about the place mix of the sample
hospitals
Table No: 3.18
Perceptions of Doctors about Place Mix of the Sample Hospitals Perception: ( 1 ) Strongly agree ( 2 ) Agree ( 3 ) can‘t say ( 4 ) Disagree ( 5 ) strongly disagree
(1)
S.L
NO
(2)
Statement
(3)
Perception
(4)
Apollo
%
(5)
Care
%
1 Your hospital attracting patients from all the
places.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
12.09
34.65
31.94
14.66
6.66
100.00
6.66
18.73
41.32
18.66
14.63
100.00
2 The hospital still to extend its services to some
other areas.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
6.66
14.66
31.99
34.65
12.04
100.00
14.66
18.70
41.32
18.66
6.66
100.00
3 Your hospital is adequately protected from
pollution.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
21.41
34.65
20.00
11.97
11.97
100.00
14.66
50.69
23.99
9.33
1.33
100.00
202
The survey has taken place in respect of the ‗Hospital attracting patients from all the places‘.
Out of 75 respondents participated only 9 respondents with 12.09% expressed strongly agree
opinion in respect of Apollo and in Care 5 respondents with 6.66% expressed. 26 respondents
with 34.65% expressed agree opinion in Apollo and in Care 14 respondents with 18.73%
expressed. The neutral opinion has taken place among 24 respondents with 31.94% in respect of
Apollo and in Care 31 respondents with 41.32% expressed. The disagreed opinion was expressed
by 11 respondents with 14.66% in Apollo and in Care 14 respondents with 18.66% expressed. 5
respondents with 6.66% expressed strongly disagreed opinion in Apollo and in Care 11
respondents with 14.63% expressed. It can be noticed from the above that majority of responses
are unable to express their opinion.
As regards the ‗Hospital still to extend its services to some other areas, 5 respondents with
6.66% expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo and in Care 11 respondents with 14.66%
expressed. 11 respondents with 14.66% expressed agree opinion in case of Apollo and in Care 14
1
2
3
4
5
4 You are a visiting or consulting employee in some
other place.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
26.68
20.00
1.33
31.99
20.00
100.00
1.33
1.33
7.98
44.04
45.32
100.00
5 Your hospital is well noted to other hospitals to
refer their patients for better treatment.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
25.27
34.83
15.96
11.97
11.97
100.00
11.97
46.80
7.98
31.92
1.33
100.00
6 Your hospital is having time and place
convenience to the patients.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
14.70
25.32
20.00
25.32
14.66
100.00
1.33
38.73
39.99
7.98
11.97
100.00
7 Your hospital is located at a right place.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
14.66
25.32
20.00
25.36
14.66
100.00
1.33
38.71
39.99
7.98
11.99
100.00
203
respondents with 18.70% expressed. The neutral opinion arrived among 24 respondents with
31.99% in Apollo and in Care 31 respondents with 41.32% expressed. In the case of disagreed
opinion, 26 respondents with 34.65% expressed in Apollo and in Care 14 respondents with
18.66% expressed. The strongly disagree opinion appears among 9 respondents with 12.04% in
Apollo and in Care only 5 respondents with 6.66% expressed. It is observed from the above
analysis that different opinions have appeared i.e. majority of respondents expressed disagree
opinion in Apollo and in Care neutral opinion came up. Thereby it can be concluded that the
expansion of services at both the Hospitals are of negative attitude.
A study was made on the aspect of the ‗Hospital being adequately protected from pollution‘,
16 respondents with 21.41% expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo and in Care 11
respondents with 14.66% expressed. 26 respondents with 34.65% expressed agree opinion in
aspect of Apollo and in case of Care 39 respondents with 50.69% expressed. The neutral opinion
was arrived from among 15 respondents with 20.00% in Apollo and in Care Hospital it was from
18 respondents with 23.99% expressed. 9 respondents with 11.97% expressed disagreed opinion
in Apollo where as in Care 7 respondents with 9.33%. The strongly disagree opinion expressed
among 9 respondents with 11.97% in Apollo and 1.33% expressed in Care Hospital. On going
through the analysis, it reveals that most of the respondents are under the opinion that both the
Hospitals are having adequate protection from pollution.
On the aspect of ‗you are a visiting or consulting employee in some other places‘, 20
respondents with 26.68% expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo and in Care 1.33% only
was there. 15 respondents with 20.00% expressed agree opinion in Apollo and in case of Care
Hospital 1.33% expressed. Only one respondent with 1.33% in Apollo and 6 respondents with
7.98% in Care expressed neutral opinion. 24 respondents with 31.99% in Apollo and in Care 34
respondents with 44.04% expressed disagreed opinion. The strongly disagree opinion was
expressed by 15 respondents with 20.00% in Apollo and in Care 35 respondents with 45.32%.
On the whole the analysis shows that a large number of respondents are under disagreed opinion
in both the Hospitals.
The opinion poll was diverted on the subject that ‗the Hospital is well noted among other
Hospitals to refer their patients for better treatment‘, 19 respondents with 25.27% expressed
strongly agree opinion in Apollo and in Care 9 respondents with 11.97% expressed the same
opinion. 26 respondents with 34.83% expressed agree opinion in Apollo and in Care 36
204
respondents with 46.80% expressed. The neutral opinion came up from among 12 respondents
with 15.96% in Apollo and 6 respondents with 7.98% in case of Care Hospital. 9 respondents
with 11.97% in Apollo have expressed disagree opinion and in Care Hospital 24 respondents
with 31.92% expressed. 9 respondents with 11.97% have expressed strongly disagree opinion in
case of Apollo and in Care 1.33% has expressed. On the whole, it can be seen from the analysis
of statement that a large number of respondents are under the opinion that these Hospitals are
well noted among the other Hospitals to refer their patients for better treatment.
An attempt was made on the aspect that ‗the Hospital is having time and place convenience to
the patients‘. 11 respondents with 14.70% expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo and in
Care 1.33% was there to express. 19 respondents with 25.32% expressed agree opinion in respect
of Apollo and in Care 29 respondents with 38.73% expressed. The neutral opinion expressed by
15 respondents with 20.00% in Apollo and in Care 31 respondents with 39.99% expressed. 19
respondents with 25.36% expressed disagreed opinion in Apollo and in Care 6 respondents with
7.98% expressed. 11 respondents with 14.66% expressed strongly disagreed opinion in Apollo
and in Care 9 respondents with 11.97% expressed. On going through the above analysis it is
under stood that most of the respondents are accepting that these Hospitals are convenient to the
patients in all respects.
In the aspect that ‗the Hospital is located at a right place‘, 11 respondents with 14.66%
expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo and in Care only 1.33% has expressed. 19
respondents with 25.32% expressed agree opinion in Apollo and in Care 29 respondents with
38.71%. In case of neutral opinion 15 respondents with 20.00% in Apollo and in Care 31
respondents with 39.99% expressed. 19 respondents with 25.36% in Apollo and in 6 respondents
with 7.98% in Care expressed disagree opinion. 11 respondents with 14.66% in Apollo and in
Care 9 respondents with 11.99% expressed a strongly disagree opinion. On the whole, the
analysis says that majority of respondents are under impression that both the Hospitals are
located at right place.
From the discussion it is observed that the two hospitals are attracting the patients from the all
locations. But they believe, still the hospitals extend its services to some other locations. Care
hospital is located at central location and nearer to the main road, so it is suffering from pollution
but in this issue Apollo hospital far away from the main road so it is protected from the pollution.
It is observed that in Care hospital very few doctors only working as consultants in some other
205
hospitals. The two hospitals are well noted for reference purpose to the other hospitals. In two
hospitals most of the respondents believing that the hospitals are located at right place. Therefore
it is concluded as the two hospitals are having right place mix.
Perceptions of Nurses about the Place Mix of Sample Hospitals
Table no: 3.19 representing perceptions of nurses about the place mix of the sample
hospitals Table No: 3.19
Perceptions of Nurses about Place Mix of the Sample Hospitals Perception: ( 1 ) Strongly agree ( 2 ) Agree ( 3 ) can‘t say ( 4 ) Disagree ( 5 ) strongly disagree
(1)
S.L
NO
(2)
Statement
(3)
Perception
(4)
Apollo
%
(5)
Care
%
1 Your hospital attracting patients from all the
places.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
20.69
52.79
6.60
13.98
5.94
100.00
26.75
51.96
12.65
7.32
1.32
100.00
2 The hospital still to extend its services to some
other areas.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
5.99
13.98
6.60
52.79
20.64
100.00
1.32
7.31
12.65
51.96
26.76
100.00
3 Your hospital is adequately protected from
pollution.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
47.49
19.31
13.30
6.60
13.30
100.00
20.64
52.61
7.95
12.20
6.60
100.00
4 You are a visiting or consulting employee in some
other place.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
1.98
1.98
1.98
49.18
45.54
100.00
1.98
1.98
1.98
19.14
76.24
100.00
206
The survey was conducted on ‗the Hospital attracting patients from all places‘. Out of 150
participants in giving their opinion, out of which 31 respondents with 20.69% in Apollo
expressed strongly agree opinion, and in case of Care 40 respondents with 26.75% expressed. 79
respondents with 52.79% expressed agree opinion in Apollo and in Care 80 respondents with
51.96% expressed. 10 respondents with 6.60% in Apollo and 19 respondents with 12.65% in
Care expressed neutral opinion. The disagree opinion expressed by 21 respondents with 13.98%
in Apollo and in Care 11 respondents with 7.32% expressed. 9 respondents with 5.99% in Apollo
and 1.32% in Care Hospital expressed strongly disagree opinion. On going through the analysis
it reveals that majority of respondents are under the impression that both the Hospitals are
attracting patients at all places.
An attempt was made on the ‗Hospital still to extend its services to some other areas‘. The
responses are 9 respondents with 5.99% expressed strongly agree opinion in case of Apollo and
in Care 1.32% came forward to express the same. 21 respondents with 13.98% expressed agree
opinion in Apollo whereas in Care 11 respondents with 7.31% expressed. The neutral opinion
came up from among 10 respondents with 6.60% in Apollo whereas in Care 19 respondents with
12.65% expressed. 79 respondents with 52.79% expressed disagreed opinion in Apollo, in Care
80 respondents with 51.96% expressed. The strongly disagree opinion expressed among 31
1 2 3 4 5
5 Your hospital is well noted to other hospitals to
refer their patients for better treatment.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
32.60
32.13
13.98
19.31
1.98
100.00
50.77
32.63
13.30
1.32
1.98
100.00
6 Your hospital is having time and place
convenience to the patients.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
27.30
40.73
19.99
5.99
5.99
100.00
13.98
51.41
20.64
12.65
1.32
100.00
7 Your hospital is located at a right place.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
27.30
40.73
19.99
5.99
5.99
100.00
13.98
51.42
20.64
12.64
1.32
100.00
207
respondents with 20.64% in Apollo and in Care 40 respondents with 26.76% expressed. From
the above analysis of statement it can be observed that most of the respondents are of the opinion
that majority of respondents are not interested to extend its service to some other areas.
In the aspect of ‗Hospital was being adequately protected from pollution‘, 71 respondents
with 47.49% expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo and 31 respondents with 20.64% in
Care Hospital expressed. 29 respondents with 19.31% expressed agree opinion in Apollo
whereas in Care 79 respondents with 52.61% expressed. The neutral opinion was expressed by
20 respondents with 13.30% in Apollo and in Care Hospital 12 respondents with 7.95%
expressed. 10 respondents with 6.60% expressed disagreed opinion in case of Apollo and in Care
Hospital 18 respondents with 12.20% expressed. The strongly disagree opinion was expressed by
20 respondents with 13.30% in case of Apollo and in Care Hospital. 10 respondents with 6.60%
expressed. From the above analysis, it can be noticed that both the Hospitals are adequately
protected from pollution.
As regards the ‗visiting or consulting employee in some other place‘, the respondents
pertaining to Apollo and Care Hospitals, 1.32% only came forward to express their opinion
against. Strongly agree, agree and neutral opinions. 81 respondents with 50.50% expressed
disagreed opinion in Apollo and in Care Hospital 29 respondents with 19.14% expressed. In case
of strongly disagreed opinion, 69 respondents with 45.54% expressed in Apollo and in Care 121
respondents with 76.90% expressed. In conclusion, it is evident that the respondents of both the
Hospital are disagreeing strongly against the recommendation.
On the subject that the ‗Hospital is well noted to among other Hospitals to refer their patients
for better treatment‘, 49 respondents with 32.60% expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo
and in Care 81 respondents with 50.77% expressed. 51 respondents with 32.13% expressed agree
opinion in respect of Apollo whereas in Care 49 respondents with 32.63% expressed. The neutral
opinion came up from 21 respondents with 13.98% in Apollo and 20 respondents with 13.30% in
Care Hospital expressed. 29 respondents with 19.31% expressed disagree opinion in Apollo and
1.32% has expressed in Care. In the same way 1.98% respondents in both the Hospitals to
express strongly disagree opinion. From the above, it can be noticed that majority of respondents
are of the opinion that both the Hospitals are well noted among other Hospitals to refer their
patients for better treatment.
208
The survey has further taken place in respect of ‗Hospital having time and place convenient to
the patients‘. 41 respondents with 27.30% expressed strongly agree opinion in respect of Apollo
and in Care 21 respondents 13.98% expressed. 61 respondents with 40.73% in Apollo and in
Care 79 respondents with 51.41% expressed agree opinion. The neutral opinion was expressed
by 30 respondents with 19.99% in Apollo and 31 respondents with 20.64% in case of Care
Hospital. 9 respondents with 5.99% in Apollo Hospital and 19 respondents with 12.65% have
expressed disagree opinion in Care Hospital. 9 respondents with 5.99% expressed strongly
disagreed opinion and 1.32% expressed the same opinion in Care Hospital. From the analysis of
statement, it can be seen that most of the respondents are under the opinion that both the
Hospitals are having time and place convenient to the patients.
The survey was made about the ‗Hospital being located at a right place‘, 41 respondents with
27.30% expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo and in Care 21 respondents with 13.98%
expressed. 61 respondents with 40.73% expressed agree opinion in respect of Apollo and in Care
79 respondents with 51.42% expressed. The neutral opinion has taken place in respect of Apollo
from 30 respondents with 19.99% and in Care 31 respondents with 20.64% expressed. 9
respondents with 5.99% expressed disagreed opinion in Apollo and in Care 19 respondents with
12.64% expressed. 9 respondents with 5.99% expressed strongly disagreed opinion in respect of
Apollo and in Care only 1.32% came forward to express. On going through the analysis that
more number of respondents are of the opinion that both Hospitals are situated at right place.
From the discussion it is noticed that the respondents in two hospitals accepted that the
hospital is attracting the patients from all the places. In Apollo hospital few of the respondents
proposed, the hospital still extent its services some other places but in Care there is no need to
extend its services. As per the respondents opinion in two hospitals there is no problem of
pollution and they are located at right place. Further it is observed in two hospitals no respondent
working in some other hospitals. On the whole, it is observed that the two sample hospitals are
having right place mix for marketing their services. Let us see the perceptions of administrative
personnel‘s about the place mix of sample hospitals.
209
Perceptions of Administrative Personnel about the Place Mix of Sample
Hospitals Table no: 3.20 representing perceptions of administrative personnel about the place mix of the
sample hospitals Table No: 3.20
Perceptions of Administrative Personnel about Place Mix of the Sample Hospitals Perception: ( 1 ) Strongly agree ( 2 ) Agree ( 3 ) can‘t say ( 4 ) Disagree ( 5 ) strongly disagree
(1)
S.L
NO
(2)
Statement
(3)
Perception
(4)
Apollo
%
(5)
Care
%
1 Your hospital attracting patients from all the
places.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
37.05
51.55
5.70
2.85
2.85
100.00
37.30
31.35
14.25
14.25
2.85
100.00
2 The hospital still to extend its services to some
other areas.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
2.85
2.85
5.70
51.55
37.05
100.00
2.85
14.25
14.25
31.35
37.30
100.00
3 Your hospital is adequately protected from
pollution.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
48.70
37.05
5.70
5.70
2.85
100.00
42.95
39.95
5.70
8.55
2.85
100.00
4 You are a visiting or consulting employee in some
other place.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
2.85
2.85
14.50
46.60
33.20
100.00
2.85
2.85
14.50
39.90
39.90
100.00
5 Your hospital is well noted to other hospitals to
refer their patients for better treatment.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
39.90
45.85
2.85
8.55
2.85
100.00
45.85
42.75
5.70
2.85
2.85
100.00
6 Your hospital is having time and place
convenience to the patients.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
39.90
45.85
8.55
2.85
2.85
100.00
34.20
51.55
5.70
2.85
5.70
100.00
7 Your hospital is located at a right place.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
38.90
46.85
8.55
2.85
2.85
100.00
34.20
51.55
5.70
2.85
5.70
100.00
210
The survey has taken place in respect of ‗Hospital attracting patients from all the places‘, 13
respondents with 37.05% expressed strongly agree opinion in respect of Apollo and in Care 14
respondents with 37.30% expressed. 18 respondents with 51.55% expressed agree opinion in
Apollo and in Care 11 respondents with 31.35% expressed. Two respondents with 5.70% in
Apollo and in Care 5 respondents with 14.25% expressed neutral opinion. One respondent
with 2.85% in Apollo and 5 respondents with 14.25% in Care Hospital expressed disagree
opinion. Only one respondent with 2.85% in both the hospitals have expressed strongly
disagreed opinion. Ongoing through the above analysis it can be understood that a large number
of respondents are of the opinion that both Hospitals are attracting patients from all the places.
Opinions were gathered about the ‗Hospital still to extend its services to some other areas‘,
only one respondent with 2.85% expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo and Care. One
respondent with 2.85% expressed agree opinion in Apollo and 5 respondents with 14.25% in
case of Care hospital. The neutral opinion was expressed by 2 respondents with 5.70% in
Apollo and in Care 5 respondents with 14.25%. 18 respondents with 51.55% in Apollo and in
Care 11 respondents with 31.35% expressed disagreed opinion. The strongly disagree opinion
came up from 13 respondents with 37.05% in Apollo and in Care 14 respondents with 37.30%
expressed. The above analysis of statement reveals that majority of patients are of disagree
opinion on the aspect of Hospital still to extend its services to some other places.
The survey has taken place in respect of the ‗Hospital being adequately protected from
pollution‘ 17 respondents with 48.70% expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo and in Care
15 respondents with 42.95% expressed. 13 respondents with 37.05% expressed agree opinion
in Apollo and in Care 14 respondents with 39.95% expressed. Equal number of two respondents
with 5.70% expressed neutral opinion in case of Apollo and Care Hospitals. Two respondents
with 5.70% expressed disagreed opinion in Apollo and in Care 3 respondents with 8.55%
expressed. The strongly disagree opinion expressed in both the Hospitals of Apollo and Care by
only one respondent with 2.85%. The analysis reveals that more numbers of respondents of both
the Hospitals are of the opinion that both the hospitals are adequately protected from pollution.
In respect of ‗visiting or consulting employee in some other place‘, strongly agree and agree
opinions in respect of both Apollo and Care Hospitals, 2.85% of respondents only come forward
to express. The neutral opinion came up among 5 respondents with 14.50% in Apollo and in
211
Care also 5 respondents with 14.50% expressed. Equal number of 16 respondents with 39.90%
expressed disagree opinion in both the Hospitals in the same way 14 respondents with 33.20%
expressed strongly disagree opinion in both the Hospitals. It shows that the respondents are of
the opinion that they are not working elsewhere.
On the subject that the ‗Hospital is well noted to other Hospitals to refer their patients for
better treatment‘ 14 respondents with 39.90% expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo and in
Care 16 respondents with 45.85% expressed the same. 16 respondents with 45.85% in Apollo
and in Care 15 respondents with 42.75% expressed agree opinion. One respondent with 2.85% in
Apollo and in Care 2 respondents with 5.70% expressed neutral opinion. 3 respondents with
8.55% expressed disagreed opinion in Apollo and in Care only one respondent with 2.85%
expressed. Only one respondent with 2.85% expressed strongly disagree opinion in both of the
Hospital of Apollo and Care. From the above analysis, it is evident that more number of
respondents are under the opinion that both the Hospitals are well noted to other Hospitals to
refer their patients for better treatment.
The survey has taken place in respect of ‗Hospital having time and place convenient to the
patients‘ 14 respondents with 39.90% expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo and in Care 12
respondents with 34.20% expressed. 16 respondents with 45.85% expressed agree opinion in
Apollo whereas in Care 18 respondents with 51.55% expressed. Three respondents with 8.55%
in Apollo and in Care 2 respondents with 5.70% expressed neutral opinion. Only one respondent
with 2.85% from Apollo and Care Hospitals expressed disagree opinion. One respondent with
2.85% in Apollo and in Care 2 respondents with 5.70% expressed strongly disagree opinion. On
the whole, the analysis says that most of the respondents are under the opinion that both the
Hospitals are having time and places convenient to the patients.
An attempt was made on the aspect of ‗Hospital being located at a right place‘, 14
respondents with 38.90% expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo and in Care 12 respondents
with 34.20% expressed. 16 respondents with 46.85% in Apollo and in Care 18 respondents with
51.55% expressed agree opinion. 3 respondents with 8.55% in Apollo and 2 respondents with
5.70% in Care Hospital expressed neutral opinion. Only one respondent with 2.85% from Apollo
and Care expressed disagree opinion. One respondent with 2.85% in Apollo and 2 respondents
with 5.70% in Care Hospital expressed strongly disagreed opinion. On the whole, it is observed
212
from the analysis that both the hospitals are located at a right place in the opinion of the many
respondents.
From the above discussion it is observed that the two hospital attracting the patients from all
the places. Still Apollo has to extend its services to some other places but in Care there is no
need. Two hospitals are adequately protected from the pollution. But no people in two hospital
working as consultants at some other places. Care hospital is well noted to other hospital for
refer their patients comparatively with the Apollo. Apollo hospital is treated as place time
convenient hospital but Care is having some inconveniences. But two hospitals are treated that
they are located at right place. On the whole, it can be stated that the two hospitals are good in
their place mix. Now let us move on to the Mean and S.D values of doctor‘s perceptions on the
place mix of the sample hospitals.
Mean and Standard Deviation values of Doctor‘s Perceptions on the Place
Mix of Sample Hospitals
Table no: 3.21 representing mean and standard deviation values of perceptions of doctors
about the place mix of the sample hospitals.
Table No: 3.21
Mean and S.D of Doctors Perceptions on the Place Mix of the Sample Hospitals
(N=75)
Sl.No Statement Apollo Care
Mean S.D Mean S.D
1 Your hospital attracting patients from all the places.
2.62 1.08 3.13 1.09
2 The hospital still to extend its services to some other
areas. 3.37 1.08 2.86 1.09
3 Your hospital is adequately protected from pollution.
2.66 1.30 2.26 0.77
4 You are a visiting or consulting employee in some other
place. 2.80 1.47 4.38 0.61
5 Your hospital is well noted to other hospitals to refer their
patients for better treatment. 2.56 1.35 2.60 1.09
6 Your hospital is having time and place convenience to the
patients. 2.78 1.26 2.93 1.00
7 Your hospital is located at a right place.
2.78 1.26 2.93 1.00
5 Point Scale: 1-strongly agree…….5-strongly disagree
Table no: 3.21 shows that ‗receiving patients from the all places‘ (2.62), ‗need to extend
services some other places‘ (3.37), ‗hospital adequately protected from pollution‘ (2.66),
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‗visiting/consulting employee at some other hospital‘ (2.80), ‗hospital well noted to other
hospitals‘ (2.56), ‗time and place convenience to the patients‘ (2.78), ‗right location of hospital‘
(2.78) As such, it can be said that the place mix of Apollo hospital perceived good by the
respondents.
In care hospital; ‗receiving patients from the all places‘ (2.62), ‗need to extend services some
other places‘ (3.37), ‗hospital adequately protected from pollution‘ (2.66), ‗visiting/consulting
employee at some other hospital‘ (2.80), ‗hospital well noted to other hospitals‘ (2.56), ‗time and
place convenience to the patients‘ (2.78), ‗right location of hospital‘ (2.78) Therefore it can be
concluded that the place mix is having positive response by the respondents. Next see the Mean
S.D values of nurse‘s perceptions on the place mix of the sample hospitals.
Mean and Standard Deviation values of Nurse‘s Perceptions on the Place Mix
of Sample Hospitals
Table no: 3.22 representing mean and standard deviation values of perceptions of nurses
about the place mix of the sample hospitals.
Table No: 3.22
Mean and S.D of Nurses Perceptions on the Place Mix of the Sample Hospitals
(N=150)
Sl.No Statement Apollo Care
Mean S.D Mean S.D
1 Your hospital attracting patients from all the places.
2.33 1.13 1.99 0.80
2 The hospital still to extend its services to some other
areas. 3.66 1.13 3.98 0.84
3 Your hospital is adequately protected from pollution.
2.20 1.42 2.32 1.13
4 You are a visiting or consulting employee in some other
place. 4.45 0.49 4.80 0.40
5 Your hospital is well noted to other hospitals to refer their
patients for better treatment. 2.20 1.11 1.61 0.72
6 Your hospital is having time and place convenience to the
patients. 2.26 1.12 2.34 0.88
7 Your hospital is located at a right place.
2.26 1.12 2.34 0.88
5 Point Scale: 1-strongly agree…….5-strongly disagree
Table no: 3.22 shows that ‗receiving patients from the all places‘ (2.33), ‗need to extend
services some other places‘ (3.66), ‗hospital adequately protected from pollution‘ (2.20),
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‗visiting/consulting employee at some other hospital‘ (4.45), ‗hospital well noted to other
hospitals‘ (2.20), ‗time and place convenience to the patients‘ (2.26), ‗right location of hospital‘
(2.26) As such, it can be said that the place mix of Apollo hospital perceived good by the
respondents.
In care hospital; ‗receiving patients from the all places‘ (1.99), ‗need to extend services some
other places‘ (3.98), ‗hospital adequately protected from pollution‘ (2.32), ‗visiting/consulting
employee at some other hospital‘ (4.80), ‗hospital well noted to other hospitals‘ (1.61), ‗time and
place convenience to the patients‘ (2.34), ‗right location of hospital‘ (2.34) Therefore it can be
concluded that the place mix is having positive response by the respondents. Now we will see the
Mean and S.D values of the administrative personnel‘s perceptions on the place mix of the
sample hospitals.
Mean and Standard Deviation values of Administrative personnel‘s
Perceptions on the Place Mix of Sample Hospitals
Table no: 3.23 representing mean and standard deviation values of perceptions of
Adm.People about the place mix of the sample hospitals.
Table No: 3.23
Mean and S.D of Adm.People Perceptions on the Place Mix of the Sample Hospitals
(N=35)
Sl.No Statement Apollo Care
Mean S.D Mean S.D
1 Your hospital attracting patients from all the places.
1.82 0.89 2.00 1.08
2 The hospital still to extend its services to some other
areas. 4.17 0.89 4.00 1.08
3 Your hospital is adequately protected from pollution.
1.77 1.00 1.91 1.12
4 You are a visiting or consulting employee in some other
place. 4.51 0.50 4.25 0.70
5 Your hospital is well noted to other hospitals to refer their
patients for better treatment. 1.94 1.16 1.74 0.91
6 Your hospital is having time and place convenience to the
patients. 1.82 0.92 1.88 0.90
7 Your hospital is located at a right place.
1.82 0.92 1.88 0.90
5 Point Scale: 1-strongly agree…….5-strongly disagree
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Table no: 3.23 shows that ‗receiving patients from the all places‘ (1.82), ‗need to extend
services some other places‘ (4.17), ‗hospital adequately protected from pollution‘ (1.77),
‗visiting/consulting employee at some other hospital‘ (4.51), ‗hospital well noted to other
hospitals‘ (1.94), ‗time and place convenience to the patients‘ (1.82), ‗right location of hospital‘
(1.82) As such, it can be said that the place mix of Apollo hospital perceived good by the
respondents.
In care hospital; ‗receiving patients from the all places‘ (2.00), ‗need to extend services some
other places‘ (4.00), ‗hospital adequately protected from pollution‘ (1.91), ‗visiting/consulting
employee at some other hospital‘ (4.25), ‗hospital well noted to other hospitals‘ (1.74), ‗time and
place convenience to the patients‘ (1.88), ‗right location of hospital‘ (1.88) Therefore it can be
concluded that the place mix is having positive response by the respondents
Conclusion
Place refers to the contact point between the service provider and the customer, who gets the
benefit of the service. This element in the marketing mix leads to the identification of a suitable
location. The two main issues considered regarding the decision of a place are accessibility and
availability of the service to customers. Accessibility refers to the ease and convenience with
which a service can be purchased, used or received. Availability refers to the extent to which a
service is obtainable or capable of being purchased, used and received. Factors influencing the
placing decision are market size and structure by geographical regions, number and types of
competitors in the region, location of potentially attractive consumer segments, local
infrastructure, good road access facilities and public transportation network. A hospital must be
ideally located and must be easily accessible to all.
Apollo and Care hospitals are having time and place convenience because they are located at
central location so the people having accessibility by different transportation systems. The same
thing revealed in survey by accepting Majority of respondents in two hospitals. But there is no
clarity in the aspect of attracting patients from all the places, the majority of respondents in two
hospitals can not judge this thing. Comparatively Care is having good reputation and attracting
the patients from all the places. But practically it is observed that there is no time convenience to
the Care hospital. Providing consultancy services in some other hospitals, Apollo is in front than
the Care hospital. But, for refer their patients the other hospitals are giving equal importance to
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the two hospitals. In conclusion, it can be stated that the two hospital having good place mix for
marketing their services. Now we will take up the promotion mix in hospitals.
Promotion Mix in Hospitals
‗Promotion‘ is the hot topic in marketing of hospital services. By the promotional activities
hospitals should be able to communicate the right message to patients and service seekers. The
information can be regarding the treatment and auxiliary arrangements like transport,
communication, diet facilities for attendants of the patients, price etc, apart from this, direct
promotion includes inpatient-doctor interaction and the care taken by the support staff.
Promotion is basically communication. Public relations, publicity, advertising, lobbying, fund
raising educational programs are the various devices used for promoting a service, or idea. Some
other methods such as word-of-mouth, rumor, gossip, opinion polls and endorsement of opinion
leaders. The effective promotion needs surprise. Therefore, anything that is stereotype or
imitation should be avoided. It is good to innovate and be creative in promotion.
Advertising by hospitals was not only unheard of a decade or two ago, it was also strongly
objected to and censured as unethical27
Gradually, things got better, but the traditional ―Warm,‖
―Fussy‖, image oriented advertisement (e.g. we are a caring hospital, your health is our business,
your family‘s health is safe in our hands, etc) gave place to price, service and quality-competitive
advertisements. In hospital services promotion, the important thing to remember is need to
carefully balance and co-ordinate the advertising messages and the management of the hospital‘s
image for the long term effectiveness of the hospital‘s public relation program.
Promotional Tools and Process in Hospitals
In broad sense, the five tools of the marketing mix-service, price, place, promotion, and
people are communication tools. Messages are carried to the market by the service‘s styling and
features, it‘s offering price and the places and times where and when it is available. Here we will
confine our attention to the subset of marketing tools that are primarily promotional in nature,
that are classified as promotion as promotion. These promotional tools are extremely numerous
and varied.
Classification of the various promotional tools is desirable to facilitate analysis and planning.
These tools fall into four groups28
. They are
Advertising
Sales promotion
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Personal selling
Publicity
To be used effectively, these tools should be viewed in a communication framework.
Fig. no: 3.8 explain the elements in the communication process.
Fig. No: 3.8
Elements in the communication process
Source: Phllip Kotler, Robert N.Clarke ―Marketing For Health Care Organizations‖
The above figure shows the eight elements involved in every communication. There are two
parties-a sender and receiver. One or both send a message through media. They also engage in
four communication functions: Encoding, Decoding, Response, and Feedback. This model
underscores the key factors in effective communication. Senders must know what audiences they
want to reach and what responses they want. They must be skillful in encoding messages that
take in to account how the target audience tends to decode messages. They must transmit the
messages over efficient media that reach the target audience. They must develop feedback
channels so that they can know the audience‘s response to the message. Hospital services
marketers must also recognize that the importance of promotional tools varies when directed to a
consumer and to an industrial market. Conversely, personal selling can and does make a strong
contribution to the marketing of many hospital services to consumers. Physicians engage in
personal selling when recommending a specific hospital, physician specialist or pharmaceutical
product to a patient. Discharge planners do personal selling when recommending specific
nursing homes, care facilities, home health agencies, and rehabilitation centers.
Sender Encoding
Media
Decoding Receiver Message
Feedback Response
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Advertising
A question that is often asked is what should the hospital advertising be? Should the hospitals
concentrate on advertising the hospital‘s image or the service? 29
opinions vary greatly. Many
experts say both are necessary. Advertising health care services is very different from advertising
commodities. For one thing, people do not buy health care as they do other goods. Health care is
not a good or service which, under normal conditions, people seek after and want to buy.
Secondly, illness naturally comes in episodes which mean that health care is bought episodically.
When people do need to buy health care, they often make decisions under stress. These decisions
are made easy if they have developed trust in the hospital and the services it offers. That trust is
fostered and built by image advertising over a period of time, and in order that people will go to
a particular hospital when the time comes, the good image of the hospital should remain in their
minds.
Studies have shown that consumers are not likely to remember image advertising, simply
because it gives no information. The hospital ads that are remembered most are those which
contain specific information about services as, for example, information about bypass surgery,
kindly transplant, lithotripsy, emergency care, obstetrics and birthing centers, substance abuse
facilities, alcohol and drug treatment, quit smoking clinic, etc. consumers respond to products
rather than to the hospital‘s overall good image. Balancing the relative merits and value to the
hospital of the two kinds of advertising, hospitals should opt for both image and product
advertising in an optimum mix. In developing an advertising program hospital services
marketing managers must make five important decisions. As shown in the following Fig. no: 3.9
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Fig. No: 3.9
Major Decisions in Advertising Management
Source: Phillip kotler and Roberta N.Clarke, ―Marketing for Health Care Organizations, p.439.
Before an advertising program and budget can be developed, objectives must be set. These
objectives must flow from prior decisions on the target market, market positioning, and
marketing mix. The marketing mix strategy defines advertising‘s job in the total marketing mix.
Developing advertising objectives calls for defining the target market, target response, and target
reach frequency.
Target Market
A market communicator must start with a clear target audience in mind. Target audience will
critically influence the communicator‘s decision what is to be said, how it is to be said, when it is
to be said, when it is to be said, and who is to say it. The audience may be potential buyers of the
organization‘s services, current users, deciders, and/or influencers. The audience may consist of
individuals, groups, particular publics, or the general public.
Advertising
objectives
setting
-Target-
market
-Target
response
-Target
reach and
frequency
Advertising
budget
determination
-Affordable-
approach
-Percent of-
sales
-Competitive
parity
-Objective and
task
Message
decision
-Message
generation
-Message
evaluation
and selection
-Message
execution
Media
selection
Major media
categories
Specific
media
vehicles
Media
timing
Advertising
evaluation
-Copy
testing
Media
testing
Advertising
expenditure
level testing
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Target Response
The marketing communicator must define the target response. Marketing communicator
needs to know in which state the target audience is at the present time and to which state is
should be moved. The target audience may be in one of six buyers‘ readiness states with respect
to the service or hospital. These states: awareness, knowledge, liking, preference, convector, or
purchase30
1. Awareness: The first thing to establish is how aware the target audience is of the service
or hospital. The audience may be completely unaware of the entity, know only its name,
or know one or two things about it. If most of the target audience is unaware, the
communicator‘s task is to build awareness, perhaps even just name recognition. This calls
for simple messages repeating the name. Building awareness takes time.
2. Knowledge: The target audience may be aware of the entity, but may not know much
about it. In this case, the goal will be to transmit some key information about the entity.
The particular set of beliefs that make up the audience‘s picture of an entity is called
image. Hospitals are becoming more attuned to image issues.
3. Linking: if the target audience members know the entity, the next question is, how do
they feel about it? If the audience holds an unfavorable view, the communicator has to
find out why and then develop a communication program to build up favorable feeling.
Good communications call for ―good deeds followed by words‖
4. Preference: The target audience may like the entity, but may not it to others. It may be
one of several acceptable entities. In this case, the communicator‘s job is to build
consumer preference for the entity. The communicator will have to tout its quality, value,
performance, and other attributes.
5. Conviction: A target audience may prefer a particular entity, but may not develop a
conviction about buying it. The communicator‘s job is to build conviction that choosing
quality care is the right thing to do. Building conviction that one should buy a particular
entity is a challenging communications task.
6. Action: A number of the target audience may have conviction, but may not get around to
making the purchase. He or she may be waiting for additional information, may plan to
act later, and so on. A communicator in this situation must lead the consumer to take the
final step, which is called ―closing the sale‖31
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The six states simplify to three stages known as the cognitive (awareness, knowledge),
affective (liking, preference, conviction), and behavioral (purchase). The communicator
normally assumes that buyers pass through these stages in succession on the way to purchase. In
this case, the communicator‘s task is to identify the state most of the target audience is in and
develop a message or campaign that will move them to the stage. Some marketing scholar has
challenged the idea that a consumer passes through cognition to affect to behavior in this order.
Ray has suggested that some consumers pass from cognition to behavior to affect32
Colley has distinguished 52 possible advertising objectives in Defining Advertising Goals for
Measured Advertising Results (DAGMAR) 33
the various advertising objectives can be stored in
to whether their aims to inform, persuade, or remind.
The inform category includes such objectives as telling the market about a new service,
informing the market of a price change, explaining how the service works, describing various
available services, correcting false impressions, reducing consumer fears, and building hospital
image.
The persuade category includes such objectives as building brand preference, encouraging
switching to the advertiser‘s brand, trying to change the customer‘s perception of the importance
of different attributes, persuading the customer to purchase now, and persuading the consumer to
receive a sales call.
The remind category includes such objectives as reminding customers that the service must be
needed now or in the future, and reminding them where to obtain it.
Target Reach and Frequency
The third decision is to determine the optimal target reach and frequency of the advertising.
Funds for advertising are rarely so abundant that everyone in the target audience can be reached,
and reached with sufficient frequency. Hospital managers must decide what percentage of the
audience to reach with what exposure frequency per period. The issue is largely one of how
many exposures are needed to create the desired response, given the market‘s state of readiness.
One exposure might be enough to convert residents from being unaware to being aware. It would
not be enough to convert them from awareness to preference.
It is unfortunately typical hospitals to assume that one exposure per target audience member
is enough. Rarely, with the exception of organizations set realistic target frequency objectives or
engage in advertising other than in uninsured short bursts.
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Budget Determination
There are different major ways that the hospitals can set their marketing budgets i.e.
affordable method, percentage-of-sales method, competitive basis method, and objective-and-
task method. For estimating the total size of the required advertising budget, a determination
must be made of how the budget should be allocated over different market segments,
geographical areas, and time periods. In practice, advertising budgets are allocated to segments
of demand according to their respective populations, sales levels, or some other indicator of
market potential. Hospitals especially have difficulty moving to paid advertising, even though
they may acknowledge its potential value. The ostensible reason is that they are the beneficiaries
of donated or public service advertising which they fear will be with drawn if they engage in
paid advertising.
Message Decisions
Always hospitals have to develop a creative message. An ideal message is one that manages
to get attention, hold interest arouse desire, and obtain action. In making the message decision,
advertisers and their agencies go through two steps. 1. Message generation 2. Message
evaluation and selection, and message execution.
Message Generation
Message generation involves, developing a number of alternative messages (appeals, theme,
motifs, and ideas) that will conceivably help produce the desired response in the target market.
Message generation can be handled in a number of ways. One approach is to talk with members
of the target market and other influential to determine the way they see the service, task about it,
and express their desire about it. A second approach is to hold a brainstorming meeting with key
personnel in the hospital to generate advertising ideas. A third method is to use some formal,
deductive framework for teasing out possible advertising messages. One frame work is to
generate a set of possible themes falling in to three categories 1.Rational 2.Emotional 3. and
Moral.
Rational appeals aim at passing on information and/or serving the audience‘s self-interest.
Emotional appeals are designed to stir up some negative or positive emotion that will motivate
consumer. Moral appeals are directed to the audience‘s sense of what is right and proper.
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Message Evaluation and Selection
The task of selecting the best message out of a large number of possibilities calls for
evaluation criteria. Twedt has suggested that messages be rated on three scales, i.e. desirability,
exclusiveness, and believability34
The message must first say something desirable or interesting
about the service. This is not enough, however, since many brands will be making the same
claim. Therefore the message must also say some thing exclusive or distinctive that does not
apply to every brand in the service category. Finally the message must be believable or provable.
Message Execution
The impact of a message depends not only upon what is said, but also upon how it is said.
The advertiser has to put the message across in a way that will win target audience attention and
interest. It is the task of the creative people to find a style, a tone, words, an order, and a format
that make for effective message execution. Different messages can be put across in different
execution styles. Some times the execution belies the intent of the message.
The communicator must also choose a tone for the ad. The ad could be serious, chatty,
numerous, and so on. On the other side the order of ideas in an ad can important. In the order the
first issue is the question of conclusion drawing, the extent to which the ad should draw a
definite conclusion for the audience or leave it to them. The second is the question of one-versus
two-sided arguments i.e. whether the message will be more effective if one or both sides of the
argument are presented. The third issue is the question of order of presentation, whether
communicators should present the strongest arguments first or last. Format elements can make a
difference in an ad‘s impact, as well as in its cost. If the message is to be carried in a print ad, the
communicator has to develop the elements of headline, copy, illustration, and color. If the
message is to be carried over the radio, the communicator has to choose words, voice, qualities,
and vocalizations carefully. If the message is to be carried on television or given in person, then
all of these elements plus body language have to be planned. Presentation has to pay attention to
facial expressions, gestures, dress, posture, and hairstyle.
Media selection
Hospital industry historical reliance on broachers as the primary form of advertising ways
symptomatic of a failure to consider other media. The expansion of hospital industry in to the
vast array of other media has been quit dramatic in the past few years. Therefore media selection
is another major step in advertising planning. It is essential to determine which media are used
224
by the target audience and which are most efficient in reaching them. This information affects
the advertising budget and given the type of appeal to use. In this connection there are three basic
steps in the media selection process i.e. choosing among major categories, choosing among
specific vehicles, and timing.
Choosing Among Media Categories: In order of hospital advertising volume, they are news
papers, television, direct mail, radio, magazines, and outdoor. Media planners make their choice
among these major media types by considering the following variables.
Target Audience Media Habits: Radio and television are not preferable media by audience.
Service: Media types have different potentialities for demonstration, visualization, explanation,
believability, and color.
Message: A message containing a great deal of technical data might require specialized
magazines or mailings.
Cost: The cost of thousand exposures rather than the total cost.
Selecting Specific Vehicle: Here the specific vehicle selected within each media type that will
produce the desired response in the most cost-effective way. The media planner evaluates the
different magazines on qualitative characteristics such as credibility, prestige, geographic
editions, reproduction quality, editorial climate, lead time, and psychological impact. The
planner makes a final judgment as to which specific vehicles will deliver the best reach,
frequency, and impact for the money. Media planners normally calculate the cost per thousand
persons reached by a particular vehicle.
Deciding On Timing: The next step in media selection is timing which breaks down into a
macro and micro problem. The macro problem is that of seasonal timing. For most services,
there is a natural variation in intensity of interest at different times of the year. For example, the
hospital campaigns discussed earlier were all taking place in the spring because ―most employers
offering more than one kind of health plan allow employees to change only once or twice a year-
July- 1 and Jan-1. Therefore, advertising picks up in the spring and again in late fall as health
managing organization‘s vie for new group business‖35
The problem relating to timing is how should advertising be spaced during a short period, say
a month? Consider there possible patterns.
1. Burst advertising: this consists of connecting all the exposure in a very short space of
time, say all in one day.
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2. Continuous advertising: in which the exposures appear evenly throughout the period.
3. Intermittent advertising: in which intermittent small bursts appear in succession with no
advertising in between.
Advertising Evaluation: This is the final step in advertising evaluation. The most important
components are copy testing, media testing, and expenditure level testing.
Copy Testing: The purpose of copy testing is to make improvements in the copy to the fullest
extent prior to its release36
there are three methods of pre-testing.
Direct Rating: A panel of target consumers or advertising experts examine alternative ads fill
out rating questionnaires.
Portfolio Tests: Respondents are given a dummy portfolio of ads and asked to take as much
time as they want to read them. After putting them down, the respondents are asked to recall the
ads they saw. The results are taken to indicate on ad‘s ability to stand out and understood.
Laboratory Tests: Under this method the potential affect of an ad by measuring physiological
reactions i.e. heart beat, blood pressure, pupil dilation, perspiration using such equipment as
galvanometers, tachistroscopes, size-distance tunnels, and pupil dilation measuring equipment.
There are two popular post testing methods, the purpose of which is to assess whether the
desired impact is being achieved or what the possible weaknesses are.
Recall Tests: This involves finding people who are regular users of the media vehicle and asking
them to recall advertisers and products contained in the issue under study.
Recognition Tests: Recognition tests call for sampling the readers of a given issue of the
vehicle, say a magazine, asking them to point out what they recognize as having seen and/or
read.
All these efforts rate the communication effectiveness of the ad, and not necessarily its impact
on attitude or behavior.Another advertising element that is normally tested is media. Media
testing seeks to determine whether a given vehicle is cost-effective in reaching and influencing
the target audience. A common to test a vehicle is to place a coupon ad and see how many
coupons are returned. Another testing device is to compare the ad readership scores in different
vehicles as a sign of effectiveness.
Finally, the advertising expenditure level itself can be tested. Expenditure-level testing
involves arranging experiments in which advertising expenditure levels are varied over similar
markets to see the variation in response.
226
Sales Promotion
Sales promotion comprises a wide variety of tactical promotional tools of a short-term
incentive designed to stimulate earlier and/or stronger target market response. Hospitals have
turned increasingly to service promotions in recent years. The reasons are 1. They are under
greater pressure to obtain a quick reason 2. Increasing competition. 3. Increasing use of
promotion by competition 4. Consumer made more incentive oriented by recession and
inflation37
5. A lingering resistance to using advertising.
Incentives are an important means of promotion. Incentives may be defined as something of
financial or symbolic value added to an offer to encourage some overt behavioral response38
Incentives require several steps of analysis and research.
Therefore, finally incentives as part of promotional plan require several steps of analysis and
research. Similar knowledge is accumulating on the use of incentives in other health-related
areas, such as nutrition, immunization, and self-medication practices. Because the increasing use
of incentives, in hospital services marketing.
Now we will discuss the promotion mix in sample hospitals.
Promotion Mix in Apollo Hospital
The promotion mix of Apollo hospital based on advertisement of services, promotion of
services, publicity of service, personnel selling and public relations. It is observed that the
Apollo hospital broadly using media as magazines, news papers, television and posters, singe,
skywriting, calendars, cards, catalogs, directories, programmes, circulars, internet etc, for the
promotion of their services ( See Exhibit No: 3.1 & 3.2) Apollo is mainly trying long-term build
up of a particular services or brand. In this connection Apollo successfully build up brand image
of their services like bypass surgeries, diagnosis, pharmacy etc.
For promoting some of their services, Apollo following incentives as part of their promotional
plans. These incentives are using some time to create long run response and some times are
offered to create an immediate behavior response from the users. The researcher has observed
Apollo is using these incentives to fill the empty beds in different departments which haves the
seasonal importance. On the other hand Apollo offering incentives to not only individuals but
also to the groups includes employee groups and economically backward classes in the society.
Apart from above promotional mix likes advertising, sales promotion, public relations, Apollo
is also concentrating personnel selling as apart of promotional mix. In this context Apollo is
227
Exhibit No: 3.1
Apollo Promotional Activities-1
Apollo Advertisement on Internet
Apollo Video Clippings on Internet
229
following pull strategy (advertising and sales promotion) as well as push strategy (personnel
selling), and some times combination of both for promoting their services. For personnel selling,
Apollo recruiting sales representatives by following systematic procedure. These people are
acting not only as sales forces but also act as the account managers who initiates and facilitates
interaction between various people in the two hospitals. Apollo providing long number of
services, therefore they are organizing selling activity by product line. But the researcher
observed here, Apollo is suffering with high traveling costs. Because instated of sending one
sales person for representing all the services and products, they are sending several persons each
representing a different a different products or services, such as durable medical equipment,
parenteral nutrition and hospice-home services. Each will come with more knowledge of the
relevant products or services at the cost of high sales force expenses. Apollo is following
customs structure strategy for sales promotion. Here Apollo is specializing their sales force
according to the customer type i.e. some sales force persons will concentrate on government
employee groups and other will concentrate on business groups. In order to attractive
compensation plans that provide income regularity, rewards for above average performance and
fair payments for experienced people.
In a view to increasing reputation of the hospital in society, Apollo is participating several
social services programmes. Table no: 3.24 represents various social service programmes of
Apollo.
Table No: 3.24
Apollo Hospital Social Service Programmes
Sl.No Name Of The
Programme Description
1 Save A Child‘s Heart
(SACH)
It is a community service initiative from the Apollo hospital with the aim of
providing quality pediatric cardiac care and financial support to children from
underprivileged sections of society suffering from heart diseases.
2
Apollo Hospital
Cancer Care Initiative
(CURE)
It is aimed to bring cancer care to those who cannot afford it.
3
Society to Aid The
Hearing Impaired
(SAHI)
It is aimed to identify hearing impaired children, mainly in rural areas, with little
or no access to modern medical treatment.
4 DISDISHA It is a novel telemedicine initiative to providing long distance healthcare to the
under served population.
230
Apollo hospital providing timely and efficient assistance in the form of medical support and
financial aid whenever disasters and calamities strike the community. Table no: 3.25 reveals this
fact.
Table No: 3.25
Apollo Hospital Helped in Various Disasters
Sl.No Name of The Disaster Year
1 Cyclone relief at Andhra Pradesh May-1990
2 Earthquake relief at Maharastra May-1994
3 Cyclone relief at Andhra Pradesh November-1996
4 Earthquake relief at Gujarat January-2001
5 Tsunami relief at Chennai December-2004
6 Disaster relief floods in Chennai November-2005
As a part of promotional activities, Apollo started a separate public relation department for
delivering functions of developing media relations, publications, and community relations. This
department is planning important role in implementing the strategic plans of the hospital. Apollo
public relation department working with objectives of: to emphasize the expertise of the staff as
a leader in patient care, research and education. Let us see the promotion mix in Care hospital.
Promotion Mix in Care Hospital
Care hospital giving equal importance to the image advertising and product advertising in
their promotional campaign. For this purpose Care hospital preferring electronic media, and web
based advertisements. Along with, Care hospital is advertising through news papers, magazines
and bill boards, displays, posters, traveling displays, station posters, direct mail advertising etc (
See Exhibit No: 3.3 & 3.4). Apart from the above methods Care hospital is following some other
methods like distributing souvenirs, brief presentations by the surgeons on kidney transplant and
other critical surgeries on the screen, distributing portfolio (a flat portable case for carrying loose
papers) called as family health manager, to keep all of a family‘s health records and papers.
Among other things, it contains information regarding medical insurance, immunization and
other health records, health facts, health related articles, up-to-date papers one would want to
keep handy about the entire family‘s health care.
Care hospital is also distributing among special room patients and others in the community
beautifully crafted desktop items such as digital clocks, letter openers and scissors with the
hospital name super scribed on them. As part of promotional activities Care hospital offering
discounts on certain
233
services like Mammography and Osteoporosis screening examinations, nutritional and exercise
counseling etc,. It is observed that in Care hospital, cash discounts are offering on some special
services only.
For promoting certain advanced services like MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging Equipment
which is used to see soft tissues without the use of X-Ray) Care hospital is following mails to all
physicians and hospitals in the whole state informing them of the availability of MRI and also
they are arranging continuing medical educational programmes. Let us see the perceptions of
Doctors about promotion mix of the sample hospitals.
Perceptions of Doctors about the Promotion Mix of Sample Hospitals
Table no: 3.26 representing perceptions of doctors about the promotion of the sample
hospitals Table No: 3.26
Perceptions of doctors about promotion Mix of the sample hospitals Perception: ( 1 ) Strongly agree ( 2 ) Agree ( 3 ) can‘t say ( 4 ) Disagree ( 5 ) strongly disagree
(1)
S.L
NO
(2)
Statement
(3)
Perception
(4)
Apollo
%
(5)
Care
%
1 Your hospital is able to propagate its services to
patients and their relatives.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
21.37
38.66
14.66
18.66
6.65
100.00
6.66
53.38
6.66
25.32
7.98
100.00
2 You are feeling yourself as a direct promoter of
your hospital services.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
27.99
18.73
13.30
25.32
14.66
100.00
20.00
27.99
38.71
5.32
7.98
100.00
3 Your hospital special promotional campaigns are
gaining the attention of the needy.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
11.97
33.46
14.66
27.94
11.97
100.00
1.33
45.32
26.72
11.97
14.66
100.00
4
In your opinion special campaigns like, heart-
checkup, dental checkup at concession rates are
getting good response from patients.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
14.66
33.32
11.97
25.29
14.76
100.00
1.33
45.32
25.38
11.97
16.00
100.00
234
The survey has taken up in respect of the ‗Hospital being able to propagate its services to
patients and their relatives‘ Among 75 respondents involved in the survey, 16 respondents with
21.37% expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo and in Care 5 respondents with 6.66%
expressed. 29 respondents with 38.66% expressed agree opinion in respect of Apollo where as in
Care 40 respondents with 53.38% expressed. The neutral opinion came up from among 11
respondents with 14.66% in Apollo and in Care 5 respondents with 6.66% expressed. The
disagreed opinion has also taken place among 14 respondents with 18.66% in Apollo and in Care
19 respondents with 25.32% expressed. 5 respondents with 6.65% expressed strongly disagreed
opinion in Apollo and in Care Hospital 6 respondents with 7.98% expressed. From the above
table, it can be concluded that more number of respondents are under the impression that these
Hospitals are able to propagate its services to patients and other relatives.
A study has taken place in respect of ‗you are feeling yourself as a direct promoter of your
Hospital services‘ 21 respondents with 27.99% expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo and
in Care 15 respondents with 20.00% expressed. 14 respondents with 18.73% expressed agree
opinion in Apollo and in case of Care 21 respondents with 27.99% expressed. The neutral
opinion came up among 10 respondents with 13.30% in Apollo and in Care 29 respondents with
38.71%. 19 respondents with 25.32% expressed disagree opinion in Apollo and in Care 4
respondents with 5.32% expressed. 11 respondents with 14.66% expressed strongly disagree
opinion in Apollo and in Care 6 respondents with 7.98% expressed. It can be seen from the
above discussion that majority of respondents are feeling themselves as a direct promotion in
both the Hospitals.
1 2 3 4
5
In your opinion, the talk by doctors in T.V and
radio programs of this hospital is successful to
increase the reputation of hospital.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
20.00
21.38
45.32
11.97
1.33
100.00
1.33
31.99
52.04
7.98
6.66
100.00
6 This hospital is having strong brand image in the
patients.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
33.32
34.72
18.66
5.32
7.98
100.00
14.66
45.72
25.32
11.97
2.33
100.00
235
On the query of hospital ‗special campaigns by the Hospital are gaining the attention of the
needy‘, 9 respondents with 11.97% expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo and in Care only
one respondent with 1.33% expressed. 25 respondents with 33.46% expressed agree opinion in
respect of Apollo and in Care 34 respondents with 45.32% expressed. The neutral opinion was
expressed by 11 respondents with 14.66% in Apollo and in Care 20 respondents with 26.72%
expressed. 21 respondents with 27.94% expressed disagreed opinion in case of Apollo and in
Care 9 respondents with 11.97% expressed. As regards the strongly disagree opinion, 9
respondents with 11.97% in Apollo and 11 respondents with 14.76% in Care expressed. In
conclusion of the above data, it came to understand that many respondents are of the opinion that
promoting campaigns are gaining the attention of the needy in both the hospitals.
As regards the opinion on ‗special campaigns like, checkup, dental checkup at concession
rates are getting good response from patients‘ 11 respondents with 14.66% expressed strongly
agree opinion in Apollo and in Care only one respondent with 1.33% expressed. 25 respondents
with 33.32% expressed agree opinion in Apollo and in Care 34 respondents with 45.32%
expressed. The neutral opinion came up from among 9 respondents with 11.97% in Apollo and
in Care 19 respondents with 25.38% expressed. The disagreed opinion also came up from among
19 respondents with 25.39% in Apollo and in Care 9 respondents with 11.97%. 11 respondents
with 14.66% expressed strongly disagreed opinion in Apollo whereas in Care 12 respondents
with 16.00% expressed. On the whole, it can be understood that most of the respondents are
under opinion that special campaigns at concession rates will certainly get good response from
the patients.
The survey was undertaken on the aspect of ‗public talk by the doctors of the hospital on T.V
and Radio programs are helpful to increase the reputation of Hospitals‘ 15 respondents with
20.0% expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo and in Care only one respondent with 1.33%
expressed. 16 respondents with 21.38% expressed agree opinion in Apollo and in Care Hospital
24 respondents with 31.99% expressed. The neutral opinion has taken place among 34
respondents with 45.32% in Apollo and 39 respondents with 52.04% in Care Hospital. 9
respondents with 11.97% expressed disagree opinion in Apollo and 6 respondents with 7.98%
expressed. only one respondent with 1.33% expressed strongly disagree opinion in Apollo and in
Care 5 respondents with 6.66% expressed. From the above analysis, it can be understood that
236
most of the respondents are of neutral opinion in respect of the talk by doctors on T.V. and Radio
programs of both the Hospitals.
Finally survey was conducted on the subject of ‗Hospital having brand image among the
patients‘ 25 respondents with 33.32% expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo and in case of
Care Hospital 11 respondents with 14.66% expressed. 26 respondents with 34.72% expressed
agree opinion in respect of Apollo and in case of Care 34 respondents with 45.72% expressed.
The neutral opinion has taken place among 14 respondents with 18.66% in Apollo and in Care
19 respondents with 25.32% expressed. 4 respondents with 5.32% expressed disagreed opinion
in Apollo, whereas in Care 9 respondents with 11.97% expressed. 6 respondents with 7.98%
expressed strongly disagreed opinion in Apollo and in Care only one respondent with 2.33%
expressed. On the whole, it is understood that majority of respondents are of the opinion that
these Hospitals are having good image among the patients and others.
From the above discussion it is noticed in Apollo, respondents are feeling that the hospital
was successfully propagating it services to patients and their relatives but not feeling them selves
as direct promoters. In two hospitals the special programmes are getting attention from the
needy. Comparatively special campaigns like heart-checkups, dental checkup at concession rates
are getting attention from patients in Care hospital. Respondents in two hospitals are believe that
the programmes conducted by the two hospitals like T.V. and radio programs increasing
reputation of the hospitals. In brand image point, Apollo hospital is creating strong brand image
in the market than the Care hospitals. On overall most of the cases two hospitals are having good
promotion mix in their marketing their services. Let us see the perceptions of nurses about
promotion mix of the sample hospitals.
237
Perceptions of Nurses about the Promotion Mix of Sample Hospitals
Table no: 3.27 representing perceptions of nurses about the promotion mix of the sample
hospitals Table No: 3.27
Perceptions of Nurses about Promotion Mix of the Sample Hospitals Perception: ( 1 ) Strongly agree ( 2 ) Agree ( 3 ) can‘t say ( 4 ) Disagree ( 5 ) strongly disagree
An opinion poll was conducted on the subject that ‗Hospital is being able to propagate its
services to patients and their relatives‘. Out of 150 respondents, 30 respondents with 19.99%
expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo and 41 respondents with 27.43% expressed in Care.
(1)
S.L
NO
(2)
Statement
(3)
Perception
(4)
Apollo
%
(5)
Care
%
1 Your hospital is able to propagate its services to
patients and their relatives.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
19.99
34.96
12.65
20.75
11.65
100.00
27.43
39.29
19.31
12.65
1.32
100.00
2 You are feeling yourself as a direct promoter of
your hospital services.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
26.64
39.29
22.09
5.99
5.99
100.00
13.44
53.94
25.97
5.99
0.66
100.00
3 Your hospital special promotional campaigns are
gaining the attention of the needy.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
32.63
34.07
19.99
7.32
5.99
100.00
19.99
40.73
25.97
12.65
0.66
100.00
4
In your opinion special campaigns like, heart-
checkup, dental checkup at concession rates are
getting good response from patients.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
32.63
33.96
19.49
7.32
6.60
100.00
20.64
39.41
26.64
12.65
0.66
100.00
5
In your opinion, the talk by doctors in T.V and
radio programs of this hospital is successful to
increase the reputation of hospital.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
26.76
25.97
13.98
32.63
0.66
100.00
12.65
40.80
25.97
13.98
6.60
100.00
6 This hospital is having strong brand image in the
patients.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
40.08
25.97
13.98
12.65
7.32
100.00
53.40
27.30
5.99
12.65
0.66
100.00
238
51 respondents with 33.96% expressed agree opinion in Apollo and in Care 59 respondents with
39.29% expressed. The neutral opinion was expressed by 19 respondents with 12.65% in Apollo
and in Care 29 respondents with 19.31% expressed. The disagreed opinion was expressed by 31
respondents with 20.75% in Apollo and in Care 19 respondents with 11.65% expressed. 19
respondents with 12.65% expressed strongly disagreed opinion in Apollo and only one
respondent with 1.32% expressed in Care. On examining the above analysis, it reveals that most
of the respondents are of the opinion that these Hospitals are able to propagate their services to
patients and their relatives.
On the aspect of ‗feeling yourself as a direct promoter of your Hospital services‘ 40
respondents with 26.64% expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo and 20 respondents with
13.44% expressed in Care Hospital. 59 respondents with 39.29% expressed agree opinion in
Apollo and in Care 81 respondents with 53.94% expressed. The neutral opinion took place
among 31 respondents with 20.09% in Apollo and in Care 39 respondents with 25.97%
expressed. Disagree opinion in Apollo and in Care, 9 respondents with 5.99% expressed. The
strongly disagree opinion expressed by 9 respondents with 5.99% in Apollo and in Care Hospital
it was only one respondents with 0.66%. On going through the analysis, it can be understood that
majority of respondents are of the opinion that they are feeling themselves as a direct promotion
in both the Hospitals.
An attempt was made the ‗Hospital special promotion campaigns are gaining the attention of
the needy‘ 49 respondents with 32.63% expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo and in Care
Hospital 30 respondents with 19.99% expressed. 51 respondents with 34.07% expressed agree
opinion in Apollo and 61 respondents with 40.73% in Care Hospital expressed. The neutral
opinion was expressed by 30 respondents with 19.99% in Apollo and in Care 39 respondents
with 25.97% expressed. 11 respondents with 7.32% expressed disagreed opinion in Apollo in
Care 19 respondents with 12.65% expressed. 9 respondents with 5.99% expressed strongly
disagreed opinion in Apollo and in Care only one respondent with 0.66% expressed. On going
through the above analysis of statement it is revealed that most of the respondents are of the
impression that these Hospital promotion campaigns are gaining the attention of the needy.
The survey was directed on the ‗Hospital special campaigns like, heart checkup, dental
checkup at concession rates are getting good response from patients‘ 49 respondents with
32.63% expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo and in Care 31 respondents with 20.64%
239
expressed. 51 respondents with 33.96% expressed agree opinion in Apollo and in Care 59
respondents with 39.41% expressed. The neutral opinion came up from among 29 respondents
with 19.49% in Apollo and in Care 40 respondents with 26.64% expressed. 11 respondents with
7.32% expressed disagreed opinion in Apollo and in Care 19 respondents with 12.65%
expressed. 10 respondents with 6.60% expressed strongly disagreed opinion in Apollo and only
one respondent with 0.66% expressed in Care. On going through the above statement, it says that
most of the respondents are of the opinion that the special campaigns at concession rates are
getting good response from patients.
On the subject of ‗talk by doctors of the hospital on T.V. and Radio programs is helpful to
increase the reputation of Hospitals‘ 40 respondents with 26.76% expressed strongly agree
opinion in Apollo and in Care 19 respondents with 12.65% expressed. 39 respondents with
25.97% expressed agree opinion in Apollo and in Care 61 respondents with 40.80% expressed.
The neutral opinion has come up from 21 respondents with 13.98% in Apollo and 39 respondents
with 25.97% in Care Hospital. The disagreed opinion was expressed by 49 respondents with
32.63% in Apollo and in Care 21 respondents with 13.98%. Only one respondent with 0.66%
expressed strongly disagree opinion in case of Apollo and in Care 10 respondents with 6.60%
expressed. It can be seen from the above analysis that most of the respondents are of positive
nature on doctors addressing on T.V. and Radio programs are helpful to in increasing the
reputation of hospitals.
Further, the survey went on the ‗Hospital having brand image among the patients‘. 60
respondents with 40.08% expressed strongly agree opinion in Apollo and in Care 80 respondents
with 53.40% expressed. 39 respondents with 25.97% have expressed agree opinion in Apollo
whereas in Care 41 respondents with 27.30% expressed. The neutral opinion was expressed by
21 respondents with 13.98% in Apollo and in Care 9 respondents with 5.99%. 19 respondents
with 12.65% expressed disagree opinion in Apollo and in Care Hospital also the same opinion
arrived. 11 respondents with 7.32% expressed strongly disagreed opinion in Apollo and in Care
only one respondent with 0.66% expressed. From the above analysis of statement, it can be
understood that more umber of respondents are of the opinion that these Hospitals are having
grand image among the patients.
From the above discussion it is observed that in Care hospital the respondents are believe that
the hospital is able to propagating successfully its services in the market, and they are not feeling
240
them selves as direct promoters of the services. Two hospitals are able to gain the attention of the
needy through their promotional campaigns and also the T.V. and radio programmes getting
good response from the patients. Two hospital are having brand image in the market for their
special services. On the whole, it can be stated that the two hospitals are having right promotion
mix. Now we will take up the perceptions of the administrative personnel about the promotion
mix of the sample hospitals.
Perceptions of Administrative Personnel about the Promotion Mix of Sample
Hospitals
Table no: 3.28 representing perceptions of administrative personnel about the promotion mix
of the sample hospitals
Table No: 3.28
Perceptions of Administrative Personnel about Promotion Mix of the Sample Hospitals Perception: ( 1 ) Strongly agree ( 2 ) Agree ( 3 ) can‘t say ( 4 ) Disagree ( 5 ) strongly disagree
(1)
S.L
NO
(2)
Statement
(3)
Perception
(4)
Apollo
%
(5)
Care
%
1 Your hospital is able to propagate its services to patients
and their relatives.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
37.05
43.00
5.70
2.85
11.40
100.00
48.70
28.50
11.40
8.55
2.85
100.00
2 You are feeling yourself as a direct promoter of your
hospital services.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
39.90
43.00
8.55
5.70
2.85
100.00
37.05
37.05
11.65
8.55
5.70
100.00
3 Your hospital special promotional campaigns are
gaining the attention of the needy.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
43.00
39.65
2.85
8.80
5.70
100.00
37.05
45.85
8.55
5.70
2.85
100.00
4
In your opinion special campaigns like, heart-checkup,
dental checkup at concession rates are getting good
response from patients.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
39.90
43.00
2.85
8.55
5.70
100.00
37.05
45.85
8.55
5.70
2.85
100.00
241
The survey has taken place on the ‗Hospital being able to propagate its services to patients
and their relatives‘ Among 35 respondents participated,13 respondents with 37.05% expressed
strongly agree opinion in Apollo and in Care 18 respondents with 48.70% expressed. 15
respondents with 43.00% expressed agree opinion in Apollo and in Care 10 respondents with
28.50% expressed. The neutral opinion was arrived from the 2 respondents with 5.70% in Apollo
and in Care 4 respondents with 11.40% expressed. Only one respondent with 2.85% expressed
disagree opinion in Apollo and in Care 3 respondents with 8.55% expressed. The strongly
disagree opinion was expressed by 4 respondents with 11.40% in Apollo and 2.85% only in case
of Care. From the above analysis, it can be known that a large number of respondents are under
the opinion that these Hospitals are able to propagate their services to patients and their relatives.
On the aspect of administrative personnel the feeling that they themselves are direct
promoters of their Hospital services‘ 14 respondents with 39.90% expressed strongly agree
opinion in Apollo and in Care 13 respondents with 37.05% expressed. 16 respondents with
43.00% in Apollo and in Care 13 respondents 37.05% expressed agree opinion. 3 respondents
with 8.55% in Apollo and in Care 4 respondents with 11.65% expressed neutral opinion. Two
respondents with 5.70% in Apollo and 3 respondents with 8.55% in Care Hospitals expressed
disagreed opinion. Only 2 respondents with 5.70% expressed strongly disagreed opinion in Care
Hospitals where as 2.85% only expressed in Apollo. On going through the analysis it can be
noticed that majority of respondents are under the impression that themselves feel as a direct
promotion to these Hospital services.
An attempt was made to know that the ‗Hospital promotion campaigns are gaining the
attention of the needy‘.15 respondents with 43.00% in Apollo and in case of Care Hospital 13
1 2 3 4
5
In your opinion, the talk by doctors in T.V and radio
programs of this hospital is successful to increase the
reputation of hospital.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
37.05
40.15
5.70
14.25
2.85
100.00
43.00
28.50
11.40
8.55
8.55
100.00
6 This hospital is having strong brand image in the
patients.
1
2
3
4
5
Total
43.00
39.90
2.85
8.55
5.70
100.00
34.20
51.55
2.85
8.55
2.85
100.00
242
respondents with 37.05% expressed strongly agree opinion. 15 respondents with 39.65%
expressed agree opinion in case of Apollo Hospital and in Care Hospital 17 respondents with
45.85% expressed. Only 2.85% came forward to express neutral opinion in case of Apollo and in
Care 3 respondents with 8.55% expressed. 3 respondents with 8.80% expressed disagreed
opinion in respect of Apollo and in Care 2 respondents with 5.70% expressed. 2 respondents
with 5.70% expressed strongly disagree opinion in Apollo and 2.85% in respect of Care Hospital
expressed. From the above, it can be understood that special promotional campaigns are gaining
the attention of the needy.
On the subject of ‗special campaigns like, heart checkup, dental checkup at concession rates
are getting good response from patients‘ 14 respondents with 39.90% expressed strongly agree
opinion in respect of Apollo and in Care 13 respondents with 37.05% expressed. 16 respondents
with 43.00% expressed agree opinion in Apollo and in Care 17 with 45.85% expressed. Only
2.85% expressed neutral opinion in case of Apollo whereas in Care 3 respondents with 8.55%
expressed. 3 respondents with 8.55% expressed disagreed opinion in respect of Apollo and in
Care 24 respondents with 5.70% expressed. Two respondents with 5.70% expressed strongly
disagree opinion and 2.85% in case of Care. As expressed in the above statement, most of the
respondents are of the opinion that special promotional campaigns at concession rates will
certainly get good response.
The survey has taken place on the ‗talk by doctors of the hospital on T.V. and Radio programs
are helpful to increase the reputation of Hospital‘ 13 respondents with 37.05% expressed
strongly agree opinion in Apollo and in Care 15 respondents with 43.00% expressed. Agree
opinion in Apollo by 15 respondents with 40.15% and in Care 10 respondents with 28.50%
expressed. The neutral opinion was expressed by 2 respondents with 5.70% in Apollo and in
Care 4 respondents with 11.40% expressed. 5 respondents with 14.25% expressed disagreed
opinion in case of Apollo whereas in Care 3 respondents with 8.55% expressed. 3 respondents
with 8.55% expressed strongly agree opinion in case of Care Hospital and only 2.85% in Apollo.
Majority of respondents are of the opinion that talk by doctors on T.V. and Radio will certainly
increase the reputation of these Hospitals.
In the aspect of the ‗Hospital having brand image among the patients‘ 16 respondents with
43.00% expressed strongly agree opinion in case of Apollo Hospital and in case of Care Hospital
12 respondents with 34.20% expressed. 14 respondents with 39.90% expressed agree opinion in
243
Apollo and in Care 18 respondents with 51.55% expressed. Only 2.85% has come forward to
express neutral opinion in case of Apollo whereas in Care only one respondent with 2.85%
expressed. Equal number of 3 respondents with 8.55% expressed disagree opinion in both the
Hospitals of Apollo and Care. Two respondents with 5.70% expressed strongly disagreed
opinion in respect of Apollo and in case of Care only one respondent with 2.85% expressed. On
the whole, it can be observed that respondents are of the opinion that these Hospitals are having
grand image among the patients.
From the above discussion it is noticed that, most of the respondents in Care hospital are
believe that the hospital able to propagate its services to patients and their relatives. In two
hospitals as per the respondents‘ opinion, they are feeling them selves as direct promoters of the
hospital services. As a part of promotion activities two hospitals are gaining the attention from
the market by giving radio and T.V. programmes. Two hospitals having brand image for their
services. By and large it is found that the two hospitals are having good promotion mix. Now
Let us move on to Mean and S.D values of Doctor‘s perceptions on the promotion mix of the
sample hospitals.
Mean and Standard Deviation values of Doctor‘s Perceptions on the
Promotion Mix of Sample Hospitals
Table no: 3.29 representing mean and standard deviation values of perceptions of doctors
about the promotion mix of the sample hospitals.
Table No: 3.29
Mean and S.D of Doctor‘s Perceptions on the Promotion Mix of the Sample Hospitals
(N=75)
Sl.No Statement Apollo Care
Mean S.D Mean S.D
1 Your hospital is able to propagate its services to patients and
their relatives. 2.53 1.21 2.73 1.13
2 You are feeling yourself as a direct promoter of your hospital
services. 2.82 1.41 2.53 1.09
3 Your hospital special promotional campaigns are gaining the
attention of the needy. 2.94 1.29 2.93 1.06
4
In your opinion special campaigns like, heart-checkup, dental
checkup at concession rates are getting good response from
patients.
2.94 1.29 2.93 1.06
5
In your opinion, the talk by doctors in T.V and radio programs
of this hospital is successful to increase the reputation of
hospital.
2.53 0.96 2.86 0.81
6 This hospital is having strong brand image in the patients.
2.20 1.17 2.40 0.88
Point Scale: 1-strongly agree…….5-strongly disagree
244
Table no: 3.29 reveals that ‗hospital is able to propagate services‘ (2.53), ‗feeling yourself as
a direct promoter of hospital services‘ (2.82), ‗special promotional campaigns are gaining the
attention of the needy‘ (2.94), ‗response of patients on special campaigns‘ (2.94), ‗special
programs in T.V and radio increasing reputation of hospital‘ (2.53), ‗strong brand image of the
hospital‘ (2.20). From this, it can be stated that the promotion mix of the Apollo hospital
perceived well by the respondents.
In the case of Care hospital, ‗hospital is able to propagate services‘ (2.73), ‗feeling yourself as
a direct promoter of hospital services‘ (2.53), ‗special promotional campaigns are gaining the
attention of the needy‘ (2.93), ‗response of patients on special campaigns‘ (2.93), ‗special
programs in T.V and radio increasing reputation of hospital‘ (2.86), ‗strong brand image of the
hospital‘ (2.40). Therefore, it can be said that the promotional mix in the hospital are well
perceived by the respondents. Let us see the Mean and S.D values of nurse‘s perceptions on the
promotion mix of the sample hospitals.
Mean and Standard Deviation values of Nurse‘s Perceptions on the Promotion
Mix of Sample Hospitals
Table no: 3.30 representing mean and standard deviation values of perceptions of nurses
about the promotion mix of the sample hospitals.
Table No: 3.30
Mean and S.D of Nurses Perceptions on the Promotion Mix of the Sample Hospitals
(N=150)
Sl.No Statement Apollo Care
Mean S.D Mean S.D
1 Your hospital is able to propagate its services to patients and
their relatives. 2.73 1.34 2.19 0.98
2 You are feeling yourself as a direct promoter of your hospital
services. 2.26 1.12 2.26 0.77
3 Your hospital special promotional campaigns are gaining the
attention of the needy. 2.20 1.17 2.33 0.94
4
In your opinion special campaigns like, heart-checkup, dental
checkup at concession rates are getting good response from
patients.
2.20 1.17 2.33 0.94
5
In your opinion, the talk by doctors in T.V and radio programs
of this hospital is successful to increase the reputation of
hospital.
2.52 1.20 2.59 1.08
6 This hospital is having strong brand image in the patients.
2.46 1.09 1.81 1.05
5 Point Scale: 1-strongly agree…….5-strongly disagree
245
Table no: 3.30 shows that ‗hospital is able to propagate services‘ (2.73), ‗feeling yourself as a
direct promoter of hospital services‘ (2.26), ‗special promotional campaigns are gaining the
attention of the needy‘ (2.20), ‗response of patients on special campaigns‘ (2.20), ‗special
programs in T.V and radio increasing reputation of hospital‘ (2.52), ‗strong brand image of the
hospital‘ (2.46). From this it can be stated that the promotion mix of the Apollo hospital
perceived well by the respondents.
In the case of Care hospital, ‗hospital is able to propagate services‘ (2.19), ‗feeling yourself as
a direct promoter of hospital services‘ (2.26), ‗special promotional campaigns are gaining the
attention of the needy‘ (2.33), ‗response of patients on special campaigns‘ (2.33), ‗special
programs in T.V and radio increasing reputation of hospital‘ (2.59), ‗strong brand image of the
hospital‘ (1.81). Therefore it can be concluded that, the respondents in the hospital having
positive impression on the promotional mix of the hospital. Now observe the Mean and S.D
values of administrative personnel‘s perceptions on the promotion mix of the sample hospitals.
Mean and Standard Deviation values of Administrative personnel‘s
Perceptions on the Promotion Mix of Sample Hospitals
Table no: 3.31 representing mean and standard deviation values of perceptions of
Adm.People about the promotion mix of the sample hospitals.
Table No: 3.31
Mean and S.D of Adm.People Perceptions on the Promotion Mix of the Sample Hospitals
(N=35)
Sl.No Statement Apollo Care
Mean S.D Mean S.D
1 Your hospital is able to propagate its services to patients and
their relatives. 2.08 1.26 1.77 0.97
2 You are feeling yourself as a direct promoter of your hospital
services. 1.80 0.83 1.80 1.27
3 Your hospital special promotional campaigns are gaining the
attention of the needy. 1.91 1.14 1.82 0.82
4
In your opinion special campaigns like, heart-checkup, dental
checkup at concession rates are getting good response from
patients.
1.91 1.14 1.82 0.82
5
In your opinion, the talk by doctors in T.V and radio programs
of this hospital is successful to increase the reputation of
hospital.
1.94 1.02 2.17 1.38
6 This hospital is having strong brand image in the patients.
1.88 1.15 1.94 0.99
5 Point Scale: 1-strongly agree…….5-strongly disagree
246
Table no: 3.31 shows the perceptions of administrative personnel on the promotional mix of
Apollo hospital; ‗hospital is able to propagate services‘ (2.08), ‗feeling yourself as a direct
promoter of hospital services‘ (1.86), ‗special promotional campaigns are gaining the attention of
the needy‘ (1.91), ‗response of patients on special campaigns‘ (1.91), ‗special programs in T.V
and radio increasing reputation of hospital‘ (1.94), ‗strong brand image of the hospital‘ (1.88).
From this it can be stated that the promotion mix of the Apollo hospital perceived well by the
respondents.
In the case of Care hospital, ‗hospital is able to propagate services‘ (1.77), ‗feeling yourself as
a direct promoter of hospital services‘ (1.80), ‗special promotional campaigns are gaining the
attention of the needy‘ (1.82), ‗response of patients on special campaigns‘ (1.82), ‗special
programs in T.V and radio increasing reputation of hospital‘ (2.17), ‗strong brand image of the
hospital‘ (1.94). Therefore it can be concluded that, the respondents in the hospital having
positive impression on the promotional mix of the hospital.
Conclusion
Promotion function of any service organization involves the transmission of message to
present, past and potential customers. Customers need to be made aware of the existence of the
service provided. Promotion includes advertising, sales promotions, personal and publicity.
Hospitals do not normally undertake aggressive promotion, they rely a lot on a favorable word of
mouth. To increase the cliental, a hospital may continuously introduce different health services
like the acupressure clinic, master health programs and diabetes health checkups apart from
annual health check ups provided to different companies i.e. corporate clients. Hospitals conduct
camps in rural areas to give medical check ups at a reasonable price so that the rural people
approach the hospital again in the future. They also sponsor frequent visits to the spastic society,
old age homes, etc. hospitals generally advertise in health and fitness magazines.
The promotional activities in Apollo gaining the attention of the patients for this Apollo
following the special campaigns like heart check-ups, dental checkups at concessional rates etc.
Care is also giving these types of campaigns but apart from these campaigns they are giving
radio and T.V. programmes like talk by doctors about specific ailment etc. comparatively Apollo
paying attention on services at concessional rates and Care giving importance on media. In two
hospitals most of the doctors, nurses and administrative personnel are feeling themselves as
direct promoters of the hospital services. This indicating that the people are paying attention
247
about, what they are delivering services. These hospitals are having branded services in specific
areas. Care for heart surgeries and the Apollo for organ replacements. On the whole it is
observed that the two hospitals are having good promotion mix for marketing the services. Now
let us move on to the Grand Mean and S.D Values of perceptions of respondents on marketing
mix (First 4P‘s).
Perceptions of Respondents on the Marketing Mix (First 4P‘s) of Sample
Hospitals (Grand Mean and S.D)
Following tables (Table no: 3.32, 3.33 and 3.34) indicating the Grand Mean and S.D of
perceptions of respondents on marketing mix i.e. first 4P‘s of sample hospitals.
Table No: 3.32
Perceptions of Doctors on the Marketing Mix (First 4P‘s)
In Sample Hospitals (Grand Mean and S.D) (N= 75)
Sl.No Statement Apollo Care
Mean S.D Mean S.D
1 Product 2.34 0.28 2.42 0.20
2 Price 3.10 0.42 3.32 0.31
3 Place 2.79 0.48 3.01 0.34
4 Promotion 2.66 0.61 2.73 0.48
5 Point Scale: 1-strongly agree…….5-strongly disagree
Table No: 3.33
Perceptions of Nurses on the Marketing Mix (First 4p‘s)
In Sample Hospitals(Grand Mean and S.D) (N= 150)
Sl.No Statement Apollo Care
Mean S.D Mean S.D
1 Product 2.13 0.33 1.94 0.21
2 Price 3.08 0.51 3.02 0.48
3 Place 2.76 0.47 2.76 0.32
4 Promotion 2.39 0.54 2.25 0.46
5 Point Scale: 1-strongly agree…….5-strongly disagree
248
Table No: 3.34
Perceptions of Administrative Personnel on the Marketing Mix (First 4p‘s)
In Sample Hospitals (Grand Mean and S.D) (N= 35)
Sl.No Statement Apollo Care
Mean S.D Mean S.D
1 Product 1.94 0.29 2.01 0.28
2 Price 2.19 0.59 2.73 0.53
3 Place 2.55 0.38 2.52 0.36
4 Promotion 1.92 0.42 1.88 0.44
5 Point Scale: 1-strongly agree…….5-strongly disagree
Rating of Marketing Mix
Table no: 3.32 shows the perceptions of doctors on marketing mix (first 4 P‘s) The P‘s entire
are positively opinioned by the respondents in two sample hospitals. The mean scores are in the
range of 2.34 to 3.10 and 2.42 to 3.01 in Apollo and Care hospitals respectively, on a 5 point
scale indicating marketing mix (first 4 P‘s) of the sample hospitals is agreeable to the
respondents.
Table no: 3.33 indicating the perceptions of nurses on marketing mix (first 4 P‘s) The P‘s
entire are positively opinioned by the respondents in two sample hospitals. The mean scores are
in the range of 2.13 to 3.08 and 1.94 to 3.02 in Apollo and Care hospitals respectively, on a 5
point scale indicating marketing mix (first 4 P‘s) of the sample hospitals is agreeable to the
respondents.
Table no: 3.34 indicating the perceptions of administrative personnel on marketing mix (first
4 P‘s) The P‘s entire are positively opinioned by the respondents in two sample hospitals. The
mean scores are in the range of 1.92 to 2.55 and 1.88 to 2.01 in Apollo and Care hospitals
respectively, on a 5 point scale indicating marketing mix (first 4 P‘s) of the sample hospitals is
agreeable to the respondents.
Finally it is concluded as the respondents (Doctors, Nurses and Administrative Personnel)
perceptions are agreeable to the respective item.
249
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