Welcome! Community Launch 2008

Mark WilsonInfrastructure Architect/Technology lead for Windows Server 2008 and Hyper-V, Fujitsu Servicesmarkw@markwilson.co.ukhttp://www.markwilson.co.uk/blog/

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A community for everyone who is interested in Microsoft's Windows Server technologies - especially Windows Server 2008Formed in 2007 – just getting startedHave run a few events – more to comeFind out more (join us!) at http://winserverteam.org.uk/

Introduction to Hyper-V

Microsoft’s virtualisation platform{for the Enterprise}

Agenda

What is virtualization virtualisation?Hyper-V architectureInstallation of Hyper-VManagement of Hyper-V

Questions? (and hopefully some answers!)

Stop Press

!

Whilst I was writing this presentation, Microsoft made a Hyper-V release candidate (RC) available. As a consequence, the contents of this presentation are based on the beta release – there may be some variations for RC (and RTM) releases.

Demo environment

UK090922LTFujitsu-Siemens S7210Intel Core 2 Duo T7500 (2.2GHz)4GB RAM

(joined to my organisation’s Active Directory)

Full installation (x64)

UK090922VM3Server core installation (x64)

UK090922VM232-bit legacy installation

What is virtualisation?

The technologies {and the opportunity}

What is virtualisation?“Virtualization essentially lets one computer do the job of multiple computers, by sharing the resources of a single computer across multiple environments.

[…]

In essence, virtualization lets you transform hardware into software. Use software […] to transform or “virtualize” the hardware resources of an x86-based computer – including the CPU, RAM, hard disk and network controller – to create a fully functional virtual machine that can run its own operating system and applications just like a “real” computer.

Multiple virtual machines share hardware resources without interfering with each other so that you can safely run several operating systems and applications at the same time on a single computer”

[Source: VMware website, March 2008]

Virtualisation benefits

Server consolidation

Business Continuity Flexibility

Utilisation

Virtualisation market

Non-virtu-alized serve

rs; Sales;

93; 93.00

%

VMware;

Sales; 4.9; 4.90%

Microsoft;

Sales; 1.75; 1.75%

Other;

Sales; 0.35; 0.35%

World WideVirtualisation

AdoptionNon-virtual-ized servers

VMware

Microsoft

Other

Computerworld

“Although virtualization has been the buzz among technology providers, only 6% of enterprises have actually deployed virtualization on their networks, said Levine, citing a TWP Research report. That makes the other 94% a wide-open market.”

The Rise of the Virtual Machine and the Real Impact It Will Have

“We calculate that roughly 6% of new servers sold last year were virtualized and project that 7% of those sold this year will be virtualized and believe that less than 4% of the X86 server installed base has been virtualized to date.

Pat Gelsinger, Intel VP Sept. 2007

“Only 5% of servers are virtualized.”

Virtualisation 2010

Non-Vir-tu-

alised

servers; Sale

s; 83; 83.00%

Vir-tu-

alised

servers; Sale

s; 17; 17.00%

World WideVirtualisation

Adoption

Non-Vir-tualised servers

Virtualised servers

Information Week Oct. 2007

“The [virtualisation field] is nowhere near saturated. IDC estimates that only 17% of the worldwide server market will be virtualised by 2010, up from 5% in 2005.”

Why <10% virtualisation?

CostComplexityManagementVirtual sprawlSingle point of failureIntegration with physical infrastructureSoftware licensing and supportHardwarePerformancePoliticalSecurity Concerns

The Microsoft view of a virtualised infrastructure

Management

Server Virtualisation

Desktop Virtualisation

ApplicationVirtualisation

PresentationVirtualisation

Hyper-V Architecture

Scalable, performant {and secure}

Hyper-V

Hypervisor-based virtualisation platformx64 - not x86

Role for Windows Server 2008 (full or server core)

Standard, Enterprise and Datacenter EditionsSKUs available with and without Hyper-V

Standalone product:Microsoft Hyper-V Server

Standards basedHardware requirements:

Hardware assisted virtualisation (AMD-V or Intel VT)Hardware enabled Data Execution Prevention (DEP):

AMD NX (No eXecute bit)Intel XD (eXecute Disable)

VMM arrangements

Hosted virtualisation

VMware Workstation, VMware (GSX) Server, Fusion.Parallels Desktop(Linux) KVMMicrosoft Virtual PC, Virtual Server

Hypervisor virtualisation

VMware ESX (Server), ESXi (3i)XenHyper-V

VMM

Guest 1 Guest 2

Host OSVMM

Guest 1 Guest 2

HardwareHardware

Virtualisation requirements

SchedulerMemory managementVM State machineStorage stackNetwork stackVirtualised devicesBinary translationDriversManagement API

Windows Server 2008

VSPWindows Kernel

Hyper-V architecture

Applications

Applications

Applications

Non-hypervisor Aware OS

Windows Server

2003/2008

Windows Kernel VSC

VMBusEmulatio

n

“Designed for Windows Server” Hardware

Hyper-V

Xen-enabled Linux Kernel

Linux VSC

Hypercall Adapter

Parent Partition

Child Partitions

VM Service

WMI Provider

VM Worker

Processes

Operating System

ISV/IHV/OEM

Hyper-V

Microsoft/Citrix (XenSource)

User Mode

Kernel Mode

Provided by:

Ring -1

IHV Driver

s

VMBus

VMBus

Hyper-V features

32-bit (x86) and 64-bit (x64) virtual machines

Large memory support (>32 GB) within VMs

SMP VMs

Integrated cluster support for quick migration and HA

Volume shadow service integration for data protection

Pass-through disk access for VMs

Virtual machine snapshots

New hardware sharing architecture (VSP/VSC/VMBus)

Robust networking: VLANs and NLB

DMTF standard for WMI management interface

Support for full or server core installations

Security assumptions

All child partitions are untrustedRoot must be trusted by hypervisor; parent must be trusted by childrenCode in guests can run in all available processor modes, rings, and segmentsHypercall interface will be well documented and widely available to attackersAll hypercalls can be attempted by guestsIt is possible to detect that you are running on a hypervisorThe internal design of the hypervisor will be well understood

Isolation

No sharing of virtualized devicesSeparate VMBus to the parent for each child partitionNo sharing of memoryEach virtual machine has its own address spaceVMs cannot communicate with each other, except through traditional networkingGuests can’t perform DMA attacks because they’re never mapped to physical devicesGuests cannot write to the hypervisorEven the parent partition cannot write to the hypervisor

Hyper-V high availability

Providing solutions for both planned and unplanned downtimePlanned downtime

Quickly move virtualized workloads to service underlying hardware – “quick migration”More common than unplanned

Unplanned downtimeAutomatic failover to other nodes (hardware or power failure) – “live migration”Not as common and more difficult

Quick migrationFundamentals

1. Save state• Save entire VM state

2. Move virtual machine• Move storage

connectivity from origin to destination host

3. Restore state and run• Restore VM and run• Done

VHDs

Network Connectivity

SAN Storage

Installation

One more role {on Windows Server 2008}

Hyper-V installation

Windows Server 2008{full installation}

Video

Hyper-V installation

Windows Server 2008{server core installation}

Video

Management

{virtual} Reality

Virtual reality

If you start with a physical mess and virtualise it, you will end up with a virtual mess

Management is vitalTechnology, people and process

Taming the virtual world:InventoryProvisioningLifecycleCapacityMetadata

Hyper-V Management

Hyper-V Manager

Demonstration

Hyper-V Management

WMI and PowerShell

Demonstration

A centralized management application solution for the virtual data center

VMVMVMVMVMVMVMVMVMVM

VM VMVMVMVMVMVMVM

VMVM VMVMVM

VM

Maximize Resources• Centralized virtual machine deployment and management• Intelligent placement of virtual machines• Fast and reliable Physical to Virtual (P2V) and Virtual to Virtual

(V2V) conversion• Comprehensive service-level enterprise monitoring with

Microsoft® Operations Manager

Increase Agility• Rapid provisioning of new and virtual machines with templates

and profiles• Centralized library of infrastructure components• Take advantage and extend existing storage infrastructure• Allow for delegated management of virtual machines

Take Advantage of Skills• Familiar interface, common foundation • Monitor physical and virtual machines from one console • Fully scriptable using Windows PowerShell™

SCVMM console

Live Thumbnail

Host Groups

Centralized Library

Virtual Machine

Views

Context-Sensitive Actions

DelegatedControl

Roadmap

Release candidate 0 available now, along with management tools for Vista SP1Final version within 180 days of Windows Server 2008 RTM date

vNext beta with Hyper-V support available nowDue to ship later this yearIncludes support for managing VMware ESX

SCVMM “vNext” architecture

Operations Manager Server

Virtual Machine Manager

Server

ConnectorWindows

PowerShell

Self Service Web Portal

Administrator’s Console

Virtual Center Server

VM VM VM VM

Management Interfaces

SAN Storage

VM

VM

VMM Library Server

VM Template

ISO ScriptVHD

Operator’s Console

Web Consol

e

Windows PowerShe

ll

VMware VI3

ESX HostVM VM VM VM

VM VM VM VM

VM

VM

Virtualisation takeaways

Hyper-V:Microsoft’s new enterprise virtualisation platformWould you rather have 100% of VMware Virtual Infrastructure’s features (at a price), or 90% of the functionality (for much less)?There are some good built-in management tools, but SCVMM completes the picture (and is useful for multi-server deployments).

In general:When many machines are consolidated, clustering becomes criticalPromote standardisation by providing a library of pre-built VMsUse desired configuration management processes to trap and correct driftRemember that VMs still need to be patched, even when they are turned offBe prepared for support arrangements and license management to become more complex

ResourcesMicrosoft virtualisation website: http://www.microsoft.com/virtualization/Hyper-V featured resources: http://technet2.microsoft.com/windowsserver2008/en/servermanager/virtualization.mspx How to install Hyper-V: http://www.microsoft.com/windowsserver2008/en/us/hyperv-install.aspx VHD specification: http://www.microsoft.com/windowsserversystem/virtualserver/techinfo/vhdspec.mspxHyper-V WMI APIs: http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc136992(VS.85).aspxHypercall API: http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=91E2E518-C62C-4FF2-8E50-3A37EA4100F5&displaylang=en

More resourcesWindows Server Team UK: http://winserverteam.org.uk/ My sites:

markwilson.it (my blog): http://www.markwilson.co.uk/blog/ “Virtual Reality” article: http://uk.fujitsu.com/POV/articles/2008/virtualisation/

Some good virtualisation blogs:Windows virtualisation team: http://blogs.technet.com/virtualization/ Rakesh M (SCVMM): http://blogs.technet.com/rakeshm/ John Howard: http://blogs.technet.com/jhoward/Ben Armstrong: http://blogs.msdn.com/virtual_pc_guy/ Clive Watson: http://blogs.technet.com/clive_watson/ Justin Zarb: http://blogs.technet.com/virtualworld/ Andrew Dugdell: http://blog.windowsvirtualization.com/ Virtualization.info: http://www.virtualization.info/

Not just virtualisation:James O’Neill: http://blogs.technet.com/jamesone/ Steve Lamb: http://blogs.technet.com/steve_lamb/

This slidedeck:http://cid-1453622c71a8a08e.skydrive.live.com/browse.aspx/Public

To find out more about Fujitsu and Microsoft’s industrialisation initiative – Accelerated Microsoft – visit http://uk.fujitsu.com/microsoft/

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© 2008, Mark Wilson.Some rights reserved.