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E-mail o Inam @ FaizaneIlahi.Com

web : FaizaneIlahi.Com

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ò$!ó U];, G]S;FGSFZS CMI4 J]h} G]S;FGSFZS G CMI TM

TIdD]DGM C]SDPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$Zó JIMJ'â VXSTGF DF8[ TIdD]DGM C]SDPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$#ó SDhMZ :+LGF XZLZ 5Z AF/S 5[XFA SZL N[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$$ó 5F6L ,FUJFYL BL,DF\YL ,MCL GLS/L VFJ[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$5ó 9\0F ÝN[XDF\ TIdD]DGL .ÔhTPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$&ó 5F6L UZD SZJFDF\ GDFh ShF YJFGM EI CMIPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$*ó U];, G]S;FGSFZS CMI TM ;\EMUGL .ÔhTPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$(ó S50F\ VYJF XZLZ 5Z ,FU[,L GF5FSL TIdD]DYL 5FS

GYL YTLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$)ó SM. ALÔ[ DF6; TIdD]D SZFJL XS[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5_ó TIdD]DGL SM. J:T] H[D S[ DF8L G D/[ TM mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5!ó CM:5L8,GL NLJF, 5Z TIdD]DPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5Zó TFJGL CF,TDF\ TIdD]DPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5#ó U];, SZJFYL BF\;L4 TFJ4 ALDFZLGM EI CMIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5$ó ;JFZ[ U];, SZJFYL BF\;L4 TFJGM EI CMI4 A5MZ[ U];,

SZJFYL EI G CMIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò55ó UZD 5F6L G]S;FGSFZS CMIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5&ó ,SJFU|:T TIdD]D SIFZ[ SZL XS[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

6 D;CG]\ AIFG


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ò5*ó 5ÎL 5Z D;C SZJFGF VD]S D;V,FVMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5(ó Ô[ hBD SZTF\ JWFZ[ EFU 5Z 5ÎL CMI TM X]\ SZ[ mPPPPPPPPP

ò5)ó 5ÎLGL AgG[ UF\9MGL JrR[ B]<,L HuIFGM C]SDPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò&_ó 5ÎL GLS/L ÔI VYJF AN,FJL GF\B[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò&!ó 5ÎLGF p5Z ,MCL VYJF 5~ N[BFIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò&Zó hBDGL HuIFV[YL 5~ JCLG[ ~ 5Z VFJL ÔIPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò&#ó 5ÎLGF V\NZGF EFU[ H ,MCL ,FUL ÔI TM X]\ SZ[ mPPPPPPPPPP

ò&$ó %,F:8Z 5Z D;C SZJ]\ SIFZ[ Ô.h K[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò&5ó ~ 5Z D;C SZJ]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò&&ó VM5Z[XG 5KL VF\B 5Z D;C SZJ]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò&*ó V[S VJIJG[ WMJFYL ALÔ VJIJG[ G]S;FG YJFGM EI

CMIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò&(ó 36L HuIFV[ OMÐL Y. CMI TM U];, SZ[ S[ D;C SZ[ mPPPPP

ò&)ó CFYv5U 5Z hBD CMI TM D;C S[JL ZLT[ SZ[ mPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò*_ó GF5FS NJFG]\ WMJ]\ VXSI CMI TM X]\ SZ[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò*!ó SF/L DC[\NL ,UFJL TM J]h}vU];, ;CLC YI]\ S[ GCÄ mPPPPPP

ò*Zó DFYF 5Z DC[\NL ;}SF. U. TM J]h}GM X]\ C]SD K[ mPPPPPPPPPPP

ò*#ó TIdD]D SZGFZ DMÔ 5C[ZL ,[ TM mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò*$ó ZMUGF JWJFv38JFGF EIDF\ 0MS8Z VG[ NNL" AgG[GL

JFTGM bIF, ZFBJFDF\ VFJ[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

7 DF˜h}ZG]\ AIFG

ò*5ó DF˜h}Z SMG[ SC[JFDF\ VFJ[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò*&ó DF˜h}Z YJFGL XZTMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò**ó XZ. DF˜h}ZGM C]SDPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò*(ó DF˜h}Z Ô[ SM. I]ÂSTYL phŸZ BTD SZL N[ TM mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò*)ó NF\T VYJF hBDYL ,MCL GLS/JFGM C]SDPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò(_ó C\D[XF 5[XFAGF 8L5F\ S[ CJF GLS/TL CMIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò(!ó SIFZ[S 5[XFAGF 8L5F\ S[ ,MCL S[ CJF GLS/TL CMIPPPPPPPPPP

ò(Zó GDFhGM ;DI YJF 5KL phŸZ ,FU] 50[ TM X]\ SZ[ mPPPPPPPPPP

ò(#ó DF˜h}Z GDFh SIF\ ;]WL DM0L SZ[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò($ó X]\ DF˜h}Z GDFhGF ;DI 5C[,F\ J]h} SZL XS[ K[ mPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò(5ó .XZFSGF J]h}YL RFxT VG[ hMCZGL GDFh 5-JLPPPPPPPPPPP

ò(&ó V;ZGF J]h}YL DUlZAGL GDFh VYJF DUlZAGF J]h}YL

.XFGL GDFh 5-JLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

8 .Â:TCFhCG]\ AIFG

ò(*ó .Â:TCFhC SMG[ SC[ K[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò((ó .Â:TCFhCGM C]SDPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò()ó .Â:TCFhCGL CF,TDF\ GDFh4 lhÊ4 lT,FJT4 TJFOGM

C]SD PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò)_ó lGOF;PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò)!ó AF/SGF 5[NF YJF 5KL ,MCL lA<S], G VFJ[ TM U];, SZ[

S[ GCL mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò)Zó S;]JFJ0GL CF,TDF\ U];,GM C]SDPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

9 U ];,G]\ AIFG

ò)#ó DhL VG[ WFT GLS/JFYL U];,PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò)$ó NZZMH V[ClT,FD sGCFJFGL CFHTf YFI TM X]\ SZ[ mPPPPPPP


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ò)5ó bJFA JUZ V[SvA[ 8L5F\ 5F6LGF GLS/L ÔIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò)&ó V[lGDF òEnemaó sU]NF JF8[ NJF S[ l5RSFZLYL D/ ;FO

SZJMfYL U];, JFlHA GYLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò)*ó IMlGDF\ NJF GFBJFYL U];,PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò)(ó lGZMWGM p5IMU SZJFYL U];, JFlHA YX[ S[ GCL mPPPPPPP

ò))ó :+LGL IMlGDF\ .gH[SXG NFB, SZL UEF"XIDF\ DGL

5CM\RF0JFYL U];, VG[ J]h}GM C]SDPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

10 J]h} T}8JFG]\ AIFG

ò!__ó .gH[SXGYL J]h} T}8L ÔI S[ GlC mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!_!ó ,MCL S[ u,}SMhGL AM8, R-FJJFYL J]h} T}8L ÔI S[ GlC mP

ò!_Zó .gH[SXG ,UFJTF ;DI[ Â:5lZ8 ,FUJFYL GDFhGM C]SDP

ò!_#ó ,MCL VFBF hBD 5Z O[,F. ÔIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!_$ó ,MCL hBDGF l;JFI ALÔ EFU 5Z O[,F. ÔIPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!_5ó hZT]\ ,MCL J]h} TM0GFZ]\ K[ S[ GYLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!_&ó VF\BGF V\NZ ,MCLv5~ O[,F. ÔIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!_*ó N]oBTL VF\BYL 5F6L GLS/[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!_(ó VF\B VFJL ÔIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!_)ó VF\B4 SFG4 GFSGF VM5Z[XG AF˜N J]h} S[ TIdD]D mPPPPPPPP

ò!!_ó GFSGF hBD VG[ G;SMZLGM C]SDPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!!!ó SFGDF\YL ,MCLv5~ S[ 5F6L GLS/[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!!Zó GFSDF\YL ÔD[,]\ ,MCL GLS?I]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!!#ó NF\TDF\YL ,MCL GLS/[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!!$ó O/ SZ0LG[ BFJFYL ,MCLGM V;Z N[BFIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!!5ó lB,F, S[ lD:JFS SZJFYL ,MCLGL V;Z N[BFIPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!!&ó NF\T ;FO SZFJJF S[ S-FJJFPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!!*ó NF\T S-FJJFYL ,UFTFZ ,MCL GLS/T]\ ZC[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!!(ó OM<,F S[ OM0LVM OM0L GF\BJFDF\ VFJ[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!!)ó hBDYL RFD0L GLS/L ÔIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!Z_ó hBDYL SL0F GLS/[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!Z!ó 3D}ZL sV/F.fYL J]h} SIFZ[ T}8[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!ZZó B]H,LGF NF6FYL 5F6L GLS/[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!Z#ó H[G[ 5[XFAGF 8L5F\ VFJTF CMIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!Z$ó 5[XFA SIF" 5KL 8L5F\ VFJJFGM ISLG CMI TM -[OF JU[Z[GM

p5IMUPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!Z5ó 5[XFAGF 8L5F\ ACFZ G GLS?IF4 V\NZ H DF,D 50IFPPPPPP

ò!Z&ó 5[XFAGF Z:TFDF\ ~ D}S[,]\ CMIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!Z*ó 5[XFAGL Y[,L ,UFJ[,L CMIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!Z(ó U]NFDF\ NJF ,UFJJFYL J]h}GM C]SDPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!Z)ó ÝNZ òLeucorrhoeaó ò<I]SMZLVFó s:+LGL IMlGDF\YL

;O[N 5F6L hZJFGM ZMUfGM C]SDPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!#_ó ÝNZ ò<I]SMZLVFó ZMUJF/L VMZT J]h} ARFJJFGL X]\ I]ÂST

SZ[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!#!ó IMlGDF\ NJF D}SJFYL J]h} S[ U];,GM C]SDPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!#Zó UEF"XI R[S SZFJJFYL J]h} T}8L HX[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!##ó IMlGGF ACFZ VF\U/L ,UFJJFYL J]h} T}8X[ GlCPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!#$ó :TGDF\YL 5F6L GLS/JF ,FU[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!#5ó Ý;}lT 5C[,F\ IMlGDF\YL ,MCL S[ 5F6L GLS/JF ,FU[PPPPPPPPP

11 S50F\4 lA:TZ4 X8"GF D;V,FVM


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ò!#&ó GF5FS S50F\GF VD}S D;V,FVMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!#*ó ALDFZGF S50F\G]\ AN,J]\ VG[ WMJ]\ SIFZ[ h~ZL K[ mPPPPPPPPP

ò!#(ó ELG]\ S50]\ G]S;FGSFZS CMIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!#)ó ALDFZGF S50F \ AN,J ] \ D ] ÂxS, CMI VYJF SM.

AN,JFJF/]\ G CMIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!$_ó NZ[S ;DI ;TT ,MCL JC[ TM S50]\ GF5FS G YX[PPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!$!ó AJF;LZ S[ ALÔ SM. 56 hBDG]\ ÝJFCL JC[JF JUZ S50F\

5Z ,FUL ÔIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!$Zó BDL; 5Z ,MCLGF GFGF GFGF 8L5F\ ,FUL ÔIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!$#ó 5F6L ,FUJFYL GF5FSL O[,F. ÔIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!$$ó S50F\ 5Z 5[XFAGF 8L5F\ ,FUL ÔIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!$5ó GF5FS lA:TZ4 RFNZGF D;V,FVMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!$&ó GF5FS S50F\ VG[ GF5FS lA:TZ 5Z GDFhPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!$*ó GF5FS lA:TZ4 RFNZ 5Z GDFh 5-JFGL ZLTPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!$(ó RFNZ NZ[S ;DI[ GF5FS Y. HTL CMIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!$)ó GF5FS RFNZ AN,J]\ VXSI CMIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!5_ó YM0L YM0L GF5FSL 36L HuIFV[ ,FU[,L CMIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!5!ó XZLZGM SM. EFU ,MCLv5~ S[ GF5FS HuIF 5Z 50L ÔIP

ò!5Zó S50F\GM SM. EFU GF5FS HuIF 5Z ,FUTM CMIPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!5#ó GF5FS EFUYL ANA} VFJTL CMIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!5$ó 36F GZD UFN,F 5Z GDFh 5-J]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!55ó 5[XFAv;\0F;GL AF8,L UHJFDF\ D}SLG[ GDFh 5-J]\PPPPPPPP

ò!5&ó X]\ ALDFZG[ sGF5FSLf AT,FJJ]\ Oh" K[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!5*ó GDFhGF JrR[ CJF VYJF 5[XFA GLS/L VFJ[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!5(ó GDFhDF\ SZFCJ]\ òN]oBYL êCSFZF SZJFóPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!5)ó GDFhDF\ B]H,LJF/FV[ B\HJF/J]\ GDFhG[ OFl;N GYL SZT]\P

12 VhFGG]\ AIFG

ò!&_ó ,\U0FvV5\UG]\ VhFG VF5J]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!&!ó VhFG VF5TF VF5TF A[CMX Y. HJ]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!&Zó S. ALDFZLG[ ,LW[ ALDFZGF SFGDF\ VhFG VF5J]\ D]:TCA

K[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

13 GDFhG]\ AIFG

ò!&#ó U}\UM DF6; GDFh S[JL ZLT[ 5-[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!&$ó ,\U0M DF6; GDFh S[JL ZLT[ 5-[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!&5ó B}\lWIM sJF\;M J/L UI[,M DF6;f Z]S}V S[JL ZLT[ SZ[ mPPPPP

ò!&&ó CFY S[ U]\Y6 HDLG 5Z D}SJ]\ XSI G CMIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!&*ó CFY G p9FJL XSTM CMI S[ G AF\WL XSTM CMIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!&(ó ;HNCDF\ 5U D}SJ]\ XSI G CMIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!&)ó 5[XFGL S[ GFS 5Z hBD CMI TM ;HNC S[JL ZLT[ SZ[ mPPPPP

ò!*_ó XCFNTGL VF\U/L p9FJJL XSI G CMI TM X]\ SZ[ mPPPPPPPPPP

ò!*!ó êW S[ W[GGF SFZ6[ Z˜SFTGL ;\bIF IFN G ZC[TL CMI TM X]\

C]SD K[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

14 A[;LG[ GDFh 5-JFG]\ AIFG

ò!*Zó ALDFZ A[;LG[ GDFh SIFZ[ 5-L XS[ K[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!*#ó ;FWFZ6 ALDFZLG]\ ACFG]\ AGFJLG[ A[;LG[ GDFh 5-J]\PPPPPP

ò!*$ó DF+ TSALZ SC[ V[8,M ;DI µEM ZCL XSTM CMI TM


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V[8,M ;DI lSIFD sµEF ZC[J]\f Oh" K[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!*5ó SM. J:T]GF ;CFZ[ µEF YJ]\ XSI CMI TM lSIFD Oh" K[PPPP

ò!*&ó 3ZDF\ µEF ZCL GDFh 5-JF 5Z XÂST K[ 5Z\T] DÂ:HN

HJFGL XÂST GYLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!**ó GDFhGF NZlDIFG lSIFD 5Z S]NZT G ZC[ TM X]\ SZ[ mPPPPPP

ò!*(ó GDFhGF NZlDIFG lSIFD 5Z S]NZT Y. ÔIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!*)ó lSIFD4 Z]S}V VG[ ;HNC SZJFYL VFlHh 5Z\T] A[;JF 5Z

S]NZT K[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!(_ó ;LW] A[;J]\ VXSI CMI 5Z\T] 5U O[,FJLG[ A[;J]\ XSI CMI

TM 5U O[,FJLG[ A[;J]\ H~ZL K[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!(!ó A[;LG[ GDFh 5-JFYL J]h} T}8L HT] CMI TM X]\ SZ[ mPPPPPPPPP

ò!(Zó Z]S}V4 ;HNC G SZL XSTM CMI 5Z\T] lSIFD SZL XSTM

CMI TM X]\ C]SD K[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!(#ó µEF ZC[JFYL J]h} T}8L HT] CMI TM A[;LG[ 5-[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!($ó Z]S}V4 ;HNC SZJFYL CJF GLS/TL CMI VYJF 5[XFAGF

8L5F\ GLS/TF CMI TM X]\ SZ[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!(5ó A[;LG[ GDFh 5-JFG]\ ;FZ]\ :J~5 SI]\ K[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!(&ó 8[S ,UFJLG[ A[;J]\ XSI CMI TM A[;J]\ Oh" K[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!(*ó 8[S ,UFJLG[ A[;J]\ XSI CMI TM A[;LG[ GDFh 5-J]\ H~ZL

K[ PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!((ó A[;LG[ GDFh 5-JFDF\ Z]S}V4 ;HNCGL ZLTPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!()ó A[;LG[ GDFh 5-JFDF\ Z]S}V SZTL JBT[ 5FK/GM EFU

p9FJ[ S[ GCL mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!)_ó A[;LG[ GDFh 5-JFDF\ 5F8,F S[ TlSIF 5Z ;HNC SZL XS[

K[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!)!ó lSIFD4 Z]S}V 5Z S]NZT CMI 5Z\T] ;HNC SZJ]\\ D]ÂxS, CMI

ò!)Zó ;HNC SZJ]\ XSI CMI 5Z\T] TLJ| TS,LO YTL CMIPPPPPPPPPP

ò!)#ó 5U O[,FJLG[ A[;J]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!)$ó A[;L[G[ GDFh 5-JFGL CF,TPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!)5ó êRF TlSIF S[ AF\S0F 5Z ;HNC SZJ]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!)&ó TlSIM p5Z êRSLG[ ;HNC SZJ]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!)*ó DFYFGF .XFZFYL GDFh SIFZ[ 5-L XS[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!)(ó VF\BGF VM5Z[XG 5KL GDFh S[JL ZLT[ 5-[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò!))ó VM5Z[XG 5KL DFYFYL .XFZM SZJ]\ 56 D]ÂxS, CMIPPPPPPP

òZ__ó VM5Z[XG 5KL SZJ8 AN,J]\ XSI G CMIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ_!ó VF\BGF .XFZFYL GDFh 5-J]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ_Zó HDLG S[ B]Z;L 5Z A[;LG[ GDFh 5-GFZFVMGF ;HNCGF

D;V,FVMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

15 B]Z;L 5Z GDFh 5-JFG]\ AIFG

òZ_#ó B]Z;L 5Z A[;LG[ GDFh 5-JFGF ÝSFZMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ_$ó 8[A, D}SJ]\ SIFZ[ H~ZL K[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ_5ó 8[A, D}SJ]\ SIFZ[ H~ZL GYL mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ_&ó DÂ:HNDF\ Ô[ 8[A, D}SJ]\ XSI G CMIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ_*ó ;HNC DF8[ Ô[ l85FI G CMIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ_(ó Ô[ S]Z;LGL ;FD[ ;HNC DF8[ 5Fl8I]\ lO8 SZ[,]\ CMIPPPPPPPPPP

òZ_)ó 8[A, 5Z ;HNC SZJFGL XÂST CMJF KTF\ 8[A, G D}SI]\

TM X]\ SZ[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ!_ó GDFhGF NZlDIFG Z]S}V4 ;HNC SZJF 5Z S]NZT Y.ÔIP

òZ!!ó ;}.G[ GDFh 5-JFGL ZLTPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP


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òZ!Zó lSa,C TZO DM-]\ SZJ]\ XSI G CMIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

16 GDFh ShF 5-JFG]\ AIFG

òZ!#ó ALDFZGF DF8[ GDFh KM0J]\ SIFZ[ Ô.h K[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ!$ó S50F\ VYJF XZLZGL GF5FSLG]\ ACFG]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ!5ó 0MS8ZGF GF SC[JFG]\ ACFG]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ!&ó ZFCTGF bIF,YL 3ZJF/FVMG]\ G HUFJJ]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ!*ó ;FlCA[ TZTLA SMG[ SC[ K[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ!(ó TZTLA JUZ GDFh 5-J]\ SIFZ[ Ô.h K[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ!)ó X]\ ALÒ JBT ;FlCA[ TZTLA AGL XS[ K[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZZ_ó 36L GDFhM AFSL CMI TM ShF SZJFDF\ lGiIT S[JL ZLT[ SZ[ m

òZZ!ó ShF GDFhM TZTLAYL VNF SZJL SIFZ[ H~ZL K[ mPPPPPPPPPP

òZZZó S[8,L GDFhM K}8L K[ T[ IFN G CMIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZZ#ó ALDFZ[ ShF GDFhGL HuIFV[ VNF GDFh 5-L ,LWLPPPPPPPP

òZZ$ó .XFGL GDFh G 5-L CMI TM OHZGL GDFh N]Z]:T YX[ S[

GCL mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZZ5ó H]dVCGF ;DI[ 5C[,F\ H]dVCGL GDFh 5-[ S[ OHZGL

GDFh mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZZ&ó ShF GDFh 5-JFDF\ HDFVT K}8L HJFGM 0Z CMIPPPPPPPPPPP

òZZ*ó ShF GDFh SIF ;DI[ G 5-L XSFI mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZZ(ó X]\ ShF GDFhDF\ VhFG VG[ .SFDT SC[JFDF\ VFJ[ mPPPPPPP

òZZ)ó T\N]Z:TLGF ;DIGL ShF GDFh ALDFZLGF ;DIDF\ A[;LG[

VYJF .XFZFYL 5-L XSFI mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ#_ó ALDFZLGF ;DIGL ShF GDFh T\N]Z:TLGF ;DIDF\ A[;LG[

5-J]\ N]Z]:T GYLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ#!ó X]\ DÂ:HNDF\ ShF GDFh 5-L XSFI mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ#Zó H[GL SM. GDFh ShF Y. U. T[ HDFVTDF\ XZLS Y. XS[ m

òZ##ó ShF GDFhGF S[8,FS DCÀJGF D;V,FVMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ#$ó X]\ A[CMX DF6; 5Z ShF ,FlhD K[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ#5ó C\D[XF A[CMX ZC[TM CMI VG[ SIFZ[S SIFZ[S ;FZM Y. HTM

CMI TM mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

17 HDFVTG]\ AIFG

òZ#&ó S[JF ÝSFZGF ALDFZGF DF8[ HDFVTGM C]SD DFO K[ mPPPPPP

òZ#*ó DM\-FDF\YL N]UÅW VFJTL CMI T[GF DF8[ HDFVTGM C]SDPPPPP

òZ#(ó SM- sZSTl5¿fJF/F DF8[ HDFVTGM C]SDPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ#)ó CJF K}8JFGL ALDFZLJF/F DF8[ HDFVTGM C]SDPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ$_ó hF0F sVlT;FZfGF ALDFZGF DF8[ HDFVTGM C]SDPPPPPPPPPP

òZ$!ó ZMULGL ;[JFGF SFZ6[ HDFVTG]\ KM0J]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ$Zó DF˜h}ZG]\ 5MTFGF 3Z[ HDFVT SZJ]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ$#ó DF˜h}Z DF6;G]\ 5MTFGF 3Z[ A[;LG[ DÂ:HNGF .DFDGL

.ÂSŸTNF SZJ]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ$$ó AC[ZM DF6; .DFDGM VJFH G ;F\E/L XS[ TM X]\ SZ[ mPPPP

18 .DFDTG]\ AIFG

òZ$5ó VF\W/FGL .DFDTPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ$&ó AMBM sH[G[ NF\T G CMIf T[GL .DFDTPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ$*ó AMA/F VG[ TMT0F DF6;GL .DFDTPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ$(ó AC[ZFGL .DFDTPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP


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òZ$)ó H[GF CFY S5FI[,F CMI T[GL .DFDTPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ5_ó H[GF 5U S5FI[,F CMI T[GL .DFDTPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ5!ó ,\U0FGL .DFDTPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ5Zó H[GL BtGF G Y. CMI V[JF DF6;GL .DFDTPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ5#ó lCH0F sjI\-/fGL .DFDT VYJF TSALZGM C]SDPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ5$ó GFDN" sG5]\;SfGL .DFDTPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ55ó SM- VYJF ZSTl5¿JF/FGL .DFDTPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ5&ó T\N]Z:TLGL CF,TDF\ DHG}G VG[ NLJFGF sUF\0FfGL .DFDTP

òZ5*ó A[;LG[ .DFDT SZGFZGL .SŸlTNFPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ5(ó TIdD]D SZGFZFVM VYJF 5ÎL 5Z D;C SZGFZFVMGL

.DFDTPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ5)ó H[G[ 5[XFAGF 8L5F\ 50JFGL ALDFZL CMI T[GL .DFDTPPPPPP

òZ&_ó T\N]Z:TLGL CF,TDF\ DF˜h}ZGL .DFDTPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ&!ó XZ. DF˜h}ZGL .DFDT N]Z]:T GYLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ&Zó 5[XFAGF 8L5F\ 50JFGM JC[D ZFBGFZGL .DFDTPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ&#ó ;O[N WFT GLS/GFZ DF6;GL .DFDTPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ&$ó H[6[ G;A\NL SZFJL CMI T[GL .DFDTPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ&5ó AJF;LZJF/F DF6;GL .DFDTPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ&&ó H[GF CFY SF\5TF CMI VYJF DM\-FDF\ AGFJ8L RMB8]\ CMI

T[GL .DFDTPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ&*ó H[GL SDZ JF\SL J/L UI[,L CMI T[GL .DFDTPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

19 H]dVC VG[ A\G[ .NGL GDFhMG]\AIFG

òZ&(ó H]dVC S[JF ÝSFZGF ALDFZ 5Z JFlHA GYL mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ&)ó ALDFZ VG[ DF˜h}Z DF6; hMCZGL GDFh SIFZ[ 5-[ mPPPPPP

òZ*_ó DF˜h}Z DF6;M UFDDF\ A\G[ .NMGL GDFh 5-L XS[ K[PPPPPPPP

20 lONICG]\ AIFG

òZ*!ó GDFhGM lONIC SIFZ[ VF5JM Ô>h K[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ*Zó ALDFZ ZMhCGM lONIC VF5L XS[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ*#ó XIB[ OFGL sDMT GÒS CMI T[JF J'âfGM C]SDPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ*$ó ALDFZ ALDFZLGL CF,TDF\ D'tI] 5FD[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ*5ó ALDFZ T\N]Z:T Y. ÔI VYJF J'wW XÂSTXF/L Y. ÔIPPP

òZ*&ó lONICGL Jl;IT SZJL JFlHA K[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ**ó UZLA ALDFZ lONIC G VF5L XS[ TM X]\ SZ[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ*(ó ALDFZ DgGTGM ZMhC G ZFBL XSIMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ*)ó Ô[ JFZ;NFZMV[ lONIC G VF%IM TM mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ(_ó lONIC S[8,M4 SMG[ VG[ SIFZ[ VF5JFDF\ VFJ[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

21 ZMhCG]\ AIFG

òZ(!ó S[JF ALDFZGF DF8[ ZMhC G ZFBJFGL .ÔhT K[ mPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ(Zó S. XTM"GL ;FY[ ZMhC G ZFBJFGL .ÔhT K[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ(#ó ALDFZLGF JC[DYL ZMhC G ZFBJM Ô.h GYLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ($ó T\N]Z:T DF6;G[ ZMhC ZFBJFYL ALDFZLGM ISLG CMIPPPPPP

òZ(5ó ALDFZ DF6;G[ ZMhC ZFBJFGL XÂST CMIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ(&ó ZMhC ZFBJFYL ALDFZL JWL HTL CMIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ(*ó ZMhC ZFBJFYL U[;GL ALDFZL JWL ÔIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ((ó ZMhC ZFBJFYL 5[XFAGF 8L5F\ JW] VFJJF ,FU[PPPPPPPPPPPPPP


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òZ()ó C\D[XF ALDFZ ZC[GFZGM C]SDPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ)_ó XIB[ OFGLGF TYF T\N]Z:T J'âGF VG[ SDhMZ J'âGF C]SDM

òZ)!ó ALDFZL ;FZL Y. U. 5Z\T] VXÂST AFSL CMIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ)Zó ALDFZL OZLYL YJFGM EI CMIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ)#ó V,;Z4 0FIFlA8L; VG[ 5YZLGF ALDFZGM C]SDPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ)$ó NJF G 5LJFYL ALDFZL JWL HJFGM EI CMIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ)5ó lN, W0SJFGL ALDFZL4 8LAL4 ;]UZ4 G:SMZL VG[ lDZUL

sD}UL4 O[OZ]\4 lC:8LlZIFfGL ALDFZLGM C]SDPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ)&ó ZMhC ZFBJFYL CZ;vD;FGF ,MCLG]\ JC[J]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ)*ó ;UEF" VG[ VXST :+LGM C]SDPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

òZ)(ó D]:TCFhC sH[G[ DFl;SGF lNJ;M l;JFI 56 ,MCL VFJT]\

CMIf T[JL :+LGM C]SDPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

22 ZMhC TM0JFG]\ AIFG

òZ))ó DF+ X\SFGF SFZ6[ ZMhC TM0JM DM8M U]GFC K[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#__ó U{Z D]Â:,D 0MS8ZGL ;,FC 5Z ZMhC TM0JMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#_!ó ZMhC TM0JM SIFZ[ Ô.h K[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#_Zó TLJ| TFJ4 N]oBFJM VYJF ALÒ SM. ALDFZL ,FU] Y. ÔIP

ò#_#ó ;F5 SZ0JFGF SFZ6[ ZMhC TM0JMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#_$ó Ý;}lTGL 5L0FGF SFZ6[ ZMhC TM0JMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#_5ó ÒJ GLS/JFGF ;DI[ ZMhCNFZG[ XZAT VF5JMPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#_&ó NJF G 5LJFDF\ ÔGGM BTZM CMI TM ZMhC TM0J]\ JFlHA K[

ò#_*ó SOŸOFZCGF ZMhC ZFBJFDF\ ALDFZL ,FU] YJLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#_(ó ZMhC TM0JF 5KL ALDFZ Y. UIMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#_)ó ;FWFZ6 ALDFZLDF\ NJF l5J0FJJFYL SOŸOFZCPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#!_ó p,8L YJF 5KL BFJ]\ BF. ,LW]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#!!ó ALDFZ[ ZMhC ZFBJFGL lGiIT SZJF 5KL ZMhC TM0JMPPPPP

ò#!Zó ALDFZG] \ ZDhFGGF ZMhC l;JFI ALÔ SM. ZMhCGL

lGiIT SZJ]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#!#ó ZMhCGL CF,TDF\ A[EFG Y. ÔIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#!$ó VFBM ZDhFG A[EFG VYJF UF\056 Zæ]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#!5ó E},YL BFGFZ VXST ZMhCNFZG[ IFN G AT,FJ[PPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#!&ó T\N]Z:T YJF 5KL BFJ]\ GFÔ.h K[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

23 ZMhC T}8JFG]\ AIFG

ò#!*ó Z;L4 èH[SXG VYJF u,}SMhYL ZMhC GYL T}8TMPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#!(ó %,[UGL Z;LYL4 BZFA ,MCL B[\RJFYL ZMhC T}8[ S[ GlC mPPPPP

ò#!)ó CZ;GF D;F 5Z NJF ,UFJJLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#Z_ó .ZFNF5}J"S p,8L SZJL VYJF VF5MVF5 Y. HJLPPPPPPPPP

ò#Z!ó ZMhCGL CF,TDF\ ,MCL S-FJJ]\ VYJF ,MCL R-FJJ]\PPPPPPPPP

ò#ZZó G;SMZLG]\ ,MCL V\NZ RF<I]\ ÔIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#Z#ó ZMhCGL CF,TDF\ VF\B4 GFSDF\ NJF GF\BJ]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#Z$ó SFGDF\ NJFvT[, GF\BJFYL ZMhC GYL T}8TMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#Z5ó ZMhCGL CF,TDF\ 5F6L J0[ SFGGL ;OF.PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#Z&ó C\D[XF SFGDF\ NJF GF\BJ]\ H~ZL CMIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#Z*ó E},YL GFS VYJF DFYFGF V\NZGF EFU[ hBDDF\ NJF

,UF0L PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#Z(ó 5FJ0ZYL NF\T ;FO SZJFPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#Z)ó ;}.G[ p9ŸIF tIFZ[ ,MCL GHZ VFjI]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò##_ó ZMhCGL CF,TDF\ NF\T S-FJJFPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP


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ò##!ó NF\TGF N]oBFJFDF\ NJF D}SJLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò##Zó ,MCL ZMSJFDF\ D\HGGM p5IMUPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò###ó 5FIMlZIF sPyorrhoeafG]\ 5~ DM\-FDF\ RF<I]\ ÔIPPPPPPPPPP

ò##$ó NF\TG]\ ,MCL U/FDF\ RF<I]\ ÔIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò##5ó lJSŸ; VYJF ALÒ SM. NJF ;}\3JLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò##&ó `JF;GL ALDFZLDF\ 5\5YL CJF ,[JFYL ZMhC T}8L HX[PPPPPPP

ò##*ó ZMhCGL CF,TDF\ AFQ5 sJZF/f ,[J]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò##(ó ZMhCGL CF,TDF\ VMSl;HG ,[J]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò##)ó ZMhCGL CF,TDF\ DM\-FGL V\NZ 5F.5 ,. HJ]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#$_ó 5]Z]QFGF U]%TF\UDF\ NJF D}SJLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#$!ó V[lGDF SZJ] \ VYJF U]NFGL ACFZ GLS/[,F VFD6G[

U]NFDF\ NAFJL N[J]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

24 : +LVMGF ZMhCGF BF; D;V,FVM

ò#$Zó ZMhCGL CF,TDF\ IMlGDF\ NJF VYJF 8I}A ,UFJJLPPPPPPPP

ò#$#ó ÝNZ s<I]SMZLVFfGL 8[A,[8 IMlGDF\ D}SJFYL ZMhCGM C]SD

ò#$$ó ZF+[ IMlGDF\ NJF D}SL VG[ ZMhCGL CF,TDF\ AFSL ZCLPPPPP

ò#$5ó UEF"XIDF\ ZAZG]\ VFJZ6 R-FJJ]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#$&ó ZMhCNFZ :+LGL IMlGDF\ 0MS8Z CFY GF\BL UE"G]\ 5ZL1F6

SZ[ TM ZMhCGM C]SDPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#$*ó ZMhCNFZ :+LGL IMlGDF\ 0MS8Z[ CFY GF\BL UE"G]\ 5ZL1F6

SI]Å TM ZMhC T}8L UIM ;DÒG[ ZMhC TM0L GF\B[PPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#$(ó NJF BF.G[ DFl;S ZMSGFZL :+LGM ZMhCPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

25 V[˜lTSFO VG[ ;NSV[ lO +G]\ AIFG

ò#$)ó H[GF DM\-FYL VYJF XZLZDF\YL N]UÅW VFJTL CMI T[GM

V[˜lTSFOPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#5_ó V[˜lTSFO SZGFZ s0MS8Z4 CSLD JU[Z[f ALDFZG[ DÂ:HNDF\

T5F;L XS[ S[ GlC m PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#5!ó ALDFZLGF SFZ6[ V[˜lTSFO TM0L N[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#5Zó V[˜lTSFO SZGFZ[ ALDFZ5]Z;L DF8[ VYJF HGFhCDF\ HJ]\PP

ò#5#ó U[;GL ALDFZLJF/FV[ V[˜lTSFO SZJ]\ VG[ CJF SF-JF DF8[

ACFZ GLS/J]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#5$ó ALDFZ[ V[˜lTSFOGL DFGT DFGLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#55ó ALDFZ DF6; D'tI] 5FD[ TM ;NSV[ lO+GM C]SDPPPPPPPPPPPPP

26 CHG]\ AIFG

ò#5&ó A[EFG DF6;GM V[CZFD S[JL ZLT[ AF\W[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#5*ó U}\UM DF6; TÂ<AIC S[JL ZLT[ 5-[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#5(ó V[CZFDGL CF,TDF\ A[EFG Y. ÔIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#5)ó VW"5FU,4 5FU,4 DVT}C sD\N A]ÂâfGF DF6;[ V[CZFD

S[JL ZLT[ AF\WJM mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#&_ó ALDFZLGF SFZ6[ D]Cl;Z SIFZ[ YX[ m

òD]CŸl;Z T[G[ SC[ K[ H[G[ CH VYJF pDZCGM V[CZFD

AF\WJF AFN4 SM. ;BT Z]SFJ8 VYJF ALDFZL JU[Z[GF

SFZ6[ J]S}O[ VZOFTYL VYJF TJFO[ lhIFZTYL VYJF

AgG[YL VYJF Z]SG[ pDZC sTJFOfYL V8SL HJ]\ 50[Pó

ò#&!ó D]Cl;Z ALDFZ X]\ SZ[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#&Zó D]Cl;Z[ Ô[ lSZFGGM V[CZFD AF\wIM CMI TM T[GF 5Z A[ ND

JFlHA YX[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP


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27 CHH[ AN,G]\ AIFG

ò#&#ó S[JF ÝSFZGM ALDFZ CHH[ AN, SZFJL XS[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#&$ó ALDFZL VG[ TS,LOGL X\SFYL CH G SZJ]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#&5ó CH SZJFYL 0MS8ZM DGF SZ[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#&&ó 5UYL D]ÂxS,YL RF,L XSTM CMIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#&*ó NDGL ALDFZLJF/F DF8[ CHGM C]SDPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#&(ó DF,NFZ V\W DF8[ CHGM C]SDPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#&)ó TALVT BZFA CMI TM X]\ SZ[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#*_ó T\N]Z:T J'wW CHH[ AN, SZFJL XS[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#*!ó ALDFZ Ô[ CH SZJF 5Z XÂSTDFG Y. ÔIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#*Zó V\W DF6;GL Ô[JFGL XÂST 5FKL VFJL ÔIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#*#ó :+LGM DCZD ALDFZ CMI TM CHGM C]SDPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#*$ó ALDFZ :+LGM SM. lBNDT SZGFZ G CMI TM 5lT CHGM

;OZ SZL XS[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#*5ó DF,NFZ ALDFZ[ BFlNDG[ ;FY[ ,. H.G[ CH SZJ]\ H~ZL

K[ S[ CHH[ AN, SZJ]\ SFOL K[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#*&ó CHH[ AN,DF\ HGFZ ALDFZ Y. ÔIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#**ó DC} "DGF TZOYL CHH[ AN, SZJFGL lGiIT ZFBGFZ

ALDFZ Y. ÔIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#*(ó CHH[ AN,DF\ HGFZ D'tI] 5FD[ TM X]\ SZ[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#*)ó VZOFTDF\ ZMSF6 5KL TJFO[ lhIFZT 5C[,F\ D'tI] 5FD[ TM

X]\ SZ[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#(_ó CHGL Jl;iIT SIFZ[ JFlHA K[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#(!ó ALDFZ CHGF ;OZDF\ D'tI] 5FD[ TM Jl;iITGM X]\ C]SD K[ mP

ò#(Zó X]\ ALDFZ[ CHH[ AN, 5MTFGF JTGYL SZFJJ]\ H~ZL K[ mPPP

ò#(#ó ALDFZ[ T\N]Z:T YJF DF8[ CHGL DgGT DFGLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

28 TJFOG]\ AIFG

ò#($ó VXST ,FRFZ TJFO S[JL ZLT[ SZ[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#(5ó ,FRFZ TJFO 5KL A[ ZSF˜T S[JL ZLT[ 5-[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#(&ó TJFO NZlDIFG J]h} T}8L ÔI TM X]\ SZ[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#(*ó H[ DF6;G[ SFID CJF GLS/TL ZC[TL CMI VYJF 5[XFAGF

8L5F\ 85STF\ ZC[TF\ CMI T[ TJFO S[JL ZLT[ SZ[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#((ó X]\ ,FRFZ DF6; *4 ( lh,lCHHCGF lNJ;[ TJFO[ lhIFZT

SZL XS[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#()ó ALDFZLGF SFZ6[ TJFO[ lhIFZT G SZL XS[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#)_ó D]:TCFhC sDFl;SGF lNJ;M l;JFI ,MCL VFJT]\ CMIf T[

:+L V[ H CF,TDF\ TJFO SZ[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#)!ó ALDFZGF DF8[ TJFO[ lJNFVGM C]SDPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#)Zó ALÔ[ DF6; TJFO SZFJ[ TM lGiIT SM6 SZ[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#)#ó CHGF VZSFG VNF SZJFGL lGiITYL DFl;S ZMSGFZL NJF

,[JLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#)$ó lh,lCHHCGL T[ZDLGL ZF+[ ALDFZG]\ DÞF XZLO HJ]\PPPPPP

29 ZDL sXITFGG[ SF\SZL DFZJFfG]\ AIFG

ò#)5ó 5MT[ ZDL G SZJFGL .ÔhT SIFZ[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#)&ó HDZFT ;]WL H. XSTM CMI 56 SF\SZL O[\SL G XSTM CMIPP

ò#)*ó ZDL SZFJJF 5KL XÂST VFJL ÔIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP


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ò#)(ó ALDFZ Ô[ ZDL G SZFJL XS[ TM X]\ SZ[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò#))ó ZDL SZJF DF8[ ALDFZGL .ÔhT H~ZL K[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$__ó S[JM ALDFZ ALÔ 5F;[ ZDL SZFJL XS[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$_!ó VXST ALDFZGF DF8[ ZDLGM ;DIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$_Zó ALDFZ N;DL lh,lCHHCGL ZF+[ ZDL SZL ,[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$_#ó ALDFZ sTJFODF\f ZD, G SZL XS[ TM X]\ SZ[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$_$ó ALDFZLGF SFZ6[ ;. 5FK/YL SZJLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$_5ó ;JFZL 5Z A[;LG[ ;. SZJLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$_&ó ;. SZTL JBT[ J]h} T}8L ÔI TM X]\ SZ[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$_*ó D]hNl,OCG]\ ZMSF6 K}8L ÔI TM X]\ SZ[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$_(ó H[GF DFYF 5Z hBD CMI T[ C,S S[JL ZLT[ SZFJ[ mPPPPPPPPPP

30 V[CZFDDF\ DGF SZ[,L RLhMG]\ AIFG

ò$_)ó V[CZFDGL CF,TDF\ S50F\ AN,JFPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$!_ó V[CZFDGL CF,TDF\ :J[8Z4 UZD X8"4 WFA/M JU[ZGM

] p5IMU SZJMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$!!ó V[CZFDGL CF,TDF\ SFGDF\ ~ GFBJ]\ VYJF SFG VG[

UZNG 5Z UZD S50]\ GF\BJ]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$!Zó V[CZFDGL CF,TDF\ lJSŸ;4 AFDGM p5IMU SZJMPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$!#ó V[CZFDGL CF,TDF\ .gH[SXGGM p5IMU SZJMPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$!$ó V[CZFDGL CF,TDF\ 8}Y 5[:8GM p5IMU SZJMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$!5ó V[CZFDGL CF,TDF\ JFZ\JFZ NJF ,UFJJLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$!&ó V[CZFDGL CF,TDF\ B}xA}NFZ D,D ,UFJJMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$!*ó V[CZFDGL CF,TDF\ VG[S S50F\ 5C[ZJFYL S[8,F ND ,FU]

YX[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$!(ó V[CZFDGL CF,TDF\ ,\UM8 VG[ GLSZ 5C[ZJ]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$!)ó V[CZFDGL CF,TDF\ JF/ T}8JFYL ;NSC JFlHA YX[PPPPPPPP

ò$Z_ó V[CZFDGL CF,TDF\ 5ÎL AF\WJLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$Z!ó V[CZFDGL CF,TDF\ T}8[,F GBG[ pBF0J]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

31 lGSFCG]\ AIFG

ò$ZZó ALDFZLGF SFZ6[ D\U6L TM0JLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$Z#ó lCH0FGF lGSFCGM C]SDPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$Z$ó lCH0FV[ lGSFC SZL ,LWF TM X]\ SZ[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$Z5ó H[GL BtGF G Y. CMI T[GFYL lGSFC SZJ]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$Z&ó H[ :+LYL ;\EMU SZJM XSI G CMI T[GFYL lGSFC SZJ]\PPPPP

ò$Z*ó A[ RM\8[,L KMSZLVMGF lGSFCPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$Z(ó SM-JF/L :+LYL lGSFC SZJFPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$Z)ó H[GL ÔTL X\SF:5N CMI V[JL :+LYL lGSFC SZJFPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$#_ó U}\UF4 AC[ZFGF lGSFCGM TZLSMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$#!ó W}|HJFGL CF,TDF\ lGSFC SZJFPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$#Zó CMX VG[ CJF; s;}h;DHf G CMI TM lGSFC SA}, GYL

SZL XSTMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$##ó AC[ZM DF6; UJFC GYL AGL XSTMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$#$ó V\W DF6; UJFC AGL XS[ K[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$#5ó V\W SFhL lGSFC 5-FJL XS[ K[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$#&ó ALDFZGF lGSFC ALÔ[ DF6; SA}, SZL XS[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$#*ó KMSZLGF JF,LV[ U}\UF DF6;YL lGSFC SZL NLWFPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$#(ó B}A H GÒSGM JF,L Ô[ 5FU, VYJF EFG E},[,M CMI

TM X]\ SZ[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP


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ò$#)ó JF,L JUZ 5FU,GF lGSFC SZJFPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$$_ó H[G[ ,MCL VF%I]\ CMI T[ :+LYL VYJF T[GL KMSZLYL lGSFC

SZJFPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$$!ó SFG4 GFSDF\ NJF TZLS[ :+LG]\ N}W GF\BJFYL C]ZDT ,FlhD

VFJ[ S[ GlC mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$$Zó NJFDF\ :+LG]\ N}W D[/JLG[ l5J0FJ[ TM C]ZDT ,FlhD VFJ[ m

ò$$#ó J'â :+LGL KFTLG]\ 5F6L l5J0FJJFYL C]ZDT ,FlhD VFJ[ m

ò$$$ó ,SJFU|:T 5tGLGL AC[GYL lGSFC SZJFPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$$5ó G5]\;S 5]+GL 5tGLYL lGSFC SZJFPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

32 T,FSG]\ AIFG

ò$$&ó U}\UF DF6;[ T,FS VF5J]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$$*ó lDZUL sJF.4 O[OZ]\4 lC:8LZLVFfGL CF,TDF\ T,FS VF5J]\P

ò$$(ó 5FU,GM EF. T,FS GYL VF5L XSTMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$$)ó H[GF 5Z ÔN}GL V;Z CMI T[JF DF6;[ T,FS VF5J]\PPPPPPPP

ò$5_ó DFYFGF N]oBFJFGF SFZ6[ DNCMXLGL CF,TDF\ T,FS VF5J]\

ò$5!ó TFJDF\ A[CMX DF6;GL T,FSPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$5Zó ALDFZG]\ pxS[ZF.G[ T,FS VF5J]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$5#ó DMTGL ALDFZLDF\ ;50FI[,F DF6;GL T,FSPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$5$ó 5tGL DMTGL ALDFZLDF\ CMI VG[ T[G[ T,FS VF5L N[PPPPPPP

ò$55ó ;Z;FD sDUHDF\ ;MÔ[ VYJF UF\9GL ALDFZLfDF\ T,FS

VF5J]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$5&ó D\NA]ÂâJF/FGL T,FSPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$5*ó 5FU, VG[ DNCMX DF6;GL T,FSPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$5(ó 5FU, SIFZ[S ;FZM Y. HTM CMIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$5)ó U]:;FYL A]Ââ RF,L U. CMI V[JF DF6;GL T,FSPPPPPPPPPPP

33 lGSFC TM0JFG]\ AIFG

ò$&_ó SIF ZMUMGF SFZ6[ lGSFCGM CÞ BTD YFI K[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$&!ó X]\ G5]\;SGL 5tGL 5lTYL K]8SFZM D[/JL XS[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$&Zó GFDN" sG5]\;Sf T,FS G VF5[ TM 5tGL X]\ SZ[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$&#ó 5lT GFDN" sG5]\;Sf CMJFYL .gSFZ SZ[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$&$ó 5[NF.XYL GFDN" sG5]\;Sf CMI TM X]\ SZ[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$&5ó 5lT lGSFC 5KL GFDN" sG5]\;Sf Y. ÔI VYJF 5lTG]\

lX`G S5F. ÔIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$&&ó R]5 ZC[JFYL CÞ BTD G YX[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$&*ó B:;L 5lTYL lGSFC O:B SZJF lJØ[ C]SDPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$&(ó G;A\NLGF SFZ6[ H]NF.GM CÞPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$&)ó ZSTl5¿ sSM-JF/FfGL 5tGLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$*_ó SFID ALDFZ ZC[GFZGL 5tGL X]\ SZ[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$*!ó 5lTGF ALDFZ YJF 5Z ALÔ lGSFC SZJFGM CÞPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$*Zó 5lT V\W Y. ÔIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$*#ó 5lT 5FU, Y. ÔI TM X]\ SZ[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$*$ó VW"5FU, VG[ N]Q8 lNDFUJF/FGL T,FSPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$*5ó NJF ,[JFYL DNCMX Y. UIM VG[ T,FS VF5L NLWLPPPPPPPPP

ò$*&ó TFJ lNDFU 5Z R-L UIM VG[ T,FS SCL NLWLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$**ó T,FS VF5JF 5KL 5lT Ô[ 5FU, CMJFGM NF˜JM SZ[PPPPPPPPP

ò$*(ó 5FU,GL 5tGL ALÔ lGSFC SZL XS[ K[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$*)ó VA]W4 V6;DH] 5lTGL 5tGL X]\ SZ[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$(_ó V[.0hJF/F 5lTYL lGSFCGM CS BTD SZJMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP


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34 DC[ZG]\ AIFG

ò$(!ó GFDN" sG5]\;Sf VG[ lX`G S5FI[, 5lT 5Z DC[ZPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$(Zó H[ G DN" CMI VG[ G VÁZT CMI T[GF 5Z DC[ZPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$(#ó H[GL ;FY[ ;\EMU XSI G CMI T[JF 5lTGL DC[ZPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$($ó ALDFZLGL CF,TDF\ DC[Z DFO SZL N[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$(5ó D'tI]GL ALDFZLDF\ 5lTGL lD<ST DC[ZGF AN,FDF\ ,BFJL

,[JLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$(&ó 5tGLGL ALDFZLGF SFZ6[ lGSFC T}8[ TM DC[ZGM C]SDPPPPPPPP

35 .¡TG]\ AIFG

ò$(*ó .¡TGF ;DIDF\ ;}SFI[,M UE" 50FJGFZ :+LGL .¡TGL D]¡T

ò$((ó 5FU, :+LGL .¡TPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$()ó GFDN" sG5]\;SfGL 5tGL 5Z .¡TPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$)_ó TALVT BZFA YJFGF SFZ6[ .¡TDF\ ALH[ ZC[J]\PPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$)!ó H[G[ DFl;S G VFJT]\ CMI T[GL .¡TPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$)Zó H[ :+LG[ ,F\AF ;DI 5KL DFl;S VFJT]\ CMI T[GL .¡TPPPP

ò$)#ó UE"5FTYL .¡T SIFZ[ 5}ZL YFI mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$)$ó T,FSJF/L :+L H[G[ ,F\AF ;DI[ DFl;S VFJT]\ CMI TM mPPP

ò$)5ó .¡TGL CF,TDF\ T[, GF\BJ]\ VG[ DFY]\ VM-J]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$)&ó .¡TJF/L :+LG]\ CMÂ:58, HJ]\ VG[ tIF\ ZC[J]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

36 GOSC sEZ65 MQF6fG]\ AIFG

ò$)*ó ALDFZLGF ;DIGF EZ65MQF6GM BR"PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$)(ó .¡TGF ;DIDF\ NJFGM BR"PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò$))ó Ý;}lT s;]JFJ0fGM BR" SM6 VF5[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5__ó GFDN" sG5]\;Sf 5Z EZ65MQF6GM BR"PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5_!ó ZMhL SDFJFYL ,FRFZG]\ EZ65MQF6 SMGF 5Z mPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

37 AF/SGL 5ZJlZX spK [ZfG]\ AIFG

ò5_Zó AF/SGL 5ZJlZX spK[ZfGM CÞ SMGM mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5_#ó DF Ô[ ,FRFZ VG[ ALDFZ CMI TM pK[ZGM CÞ SMGM mPPPPPP

38 ALDFZGL DgGTG]\ AIFG

ò5_$ó ALDFZ[ SIF ÝSFZGL DgGTG]\ 5}Z]\ SZJ]\ JFlHA K[ mPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5_5ó T\N]Z:TL DF8[ DgGT DFGJ]\ ;FZ]\ K[ S[ ;NSC SZJ]\ mPPPPPPPPPP

ò5_&ó SAZ 5Z ASZM4 lD9F.4 RFNZ4 GFlZI[/ VG[ O },

R-FJJFGL DgGT DFGJLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5_*ó ZMhC ZFBJFGL DgGT DFGL 56 XÂST G ZCLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5_(ó S]VF"G DÒNGL lT,FJT4 S]VF"GbJFGL4 T:ALC VG[

Ta,LUDF\ HJFGL DgGT DFGJLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5_)ó pDZC4 TJFO VG[ V[˜lTSFOGL DgGT DFGJLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5!_ó DÂ:HN4 D§;F4 CMÂ:58, VYJF ALDFZ DF6;MGL DNN

SZJFGL DgGT DFGJLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5!!ó UZLAMG[ BJ0FJJFGL DgGT DFGJLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5!Zó DÂ:HNDF\ DL9L J:T] DMS,FJJFGL DgGT DFGJLPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5!#ó V[S ,FB GlO, GDFhGL DgGT DFGJLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5!$ó ASZM hAC SZJFGL DgGT DFGJLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP


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ò5!5ó DgGT 5}ZL SZJF 5C[,F\ D'tI] 5FD[ TM X]\ SZ[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

39 DÁTGL ALDFZLG]\ AIFG

ò5!&ó DÁTGL ALDFZLGL V;ZPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5!*ó DÁTGL ALDFZLGL jIFbIF VG[ ÝSFZMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5!(ó ALDFZ4 JFZ;NFZG[ Al1FX VYJF ClNIC VF5L XS[ mPPPPPP

ò5!)ó DÁTGL ALDFZLDF\ U{Z JFZ;NFZG[ ClNIC VF5J]\ VYJF

;NSC VG[ JSO SZJ]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5Z_ó DÁTGL ALDFZLDF\ U{ZJFZ;NFZG[ !q# EFUYL JWFZ[ VF5L

NLW]\ TM X]\ SZ[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5Z!ó DÁTGL ALDFZLDF\ DSFG Al1FX SZL NLW]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5ZZó ,F\AF ;DI ;]WL ALDFZ ZC[GFZG]\ Al1FX SZJ]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5Z#ó DNCMXLGFCF,TDF\ Al1FX SZJ]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5Z$ó DÁT 5KL Al1FX SZJ]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5Z5ó DÁTGL ALDFZLDF\ JSOGL BAZ VF5JLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5Z&ó DÁT 5KL JSO SZ[, J:T]G[ VâZTF, ZFBJ]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5Z*ó JFZ;NFZ DF8[ Sh" JU[Z[G]\ SA}, SZJ]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5Z(ó ALDFZG]\ Sh" JU[Z[G]\ :JLSFZJ]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5Z)ó lGS8GF ;UF\v;\A\WLGF DF8[ Sh" :JLSFZJ]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5#_ó Sh" DFO SZL N[J]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5#!ó Sh" J;}, YJFGM :JLSFZ SZJ]\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5#Zó D'T JFZ;NFZYL Sh" JU[Z[ D[/JL ,LWFGM :JLSFZ SZJMPPPPPP

40 Jl;ITG]\ AIFG

ò5##ó Jl;IT ,BJFGL OhL,TPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5#$ó Jl;ITGF S[8,FS D;V,FVMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5#5ó S[8,F DF,GL Jl;IT SZL XS[ K[ mPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5#&ó JFZ;NFZGF DF8[ Jl;IT SZJLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5#*ó ;[JF SZGFZ JFZ;NFZGF DF8[ Jl;IT SZJLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5#(ó lGS8GF ;UF\v;\A\WLGF DF8[ Jl;IT SZJLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5#)ó JFZ;FYL J\lRT 5Á+GF DF8[ Al1FX VYJF Jl;IT SZJLPPP

ò5$_ó N¿S ,LW[, AF/SGF DF8[ Jl;IT SZJLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5$!ó GDFh4 ZMhC4 CH4 S]AF"GL VNF SZJFGL Jl;IT SZJLPPPPP

ò5$Zó SM. BF; HuIFGF UZLAM 5Z ;NSCGL Jl;IT SZJLPPPPPPP

ò5$#ó SM. D§;FDF\ lSTFAM VF5JFGL Jl;IT SZJLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5$$ó 5MTFGF XC[ZDF\ D§;F G CMJFGF SFZ6[ ALÔ XC[ZGF

D§;FGF DF8[ JSOGL Jl;IT SZLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5$5ó GFÔ.h SFDGL Jl;IT SZJLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5$&ó ANSFZ :+LGL Jl;ITGM D;ZO sBR" SZJFGL HuIFfPPPPPP

41 JFZ;F.G]\ AIFG

ò5$*ó 5FU,4 lNJFGF4,FRFZGL JFZ;F.PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5$(ó ALDFZ[ T,FS VF5L TM 5tGL JFZ;NFZ YX[PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ò5$)ó T\N]Z:TLGF ;DIDF\ T,FS VF%IF 5KL 5lT D'tI] 5FD[PPPPPPPP

ò55_ó DVh}Z VG[ DHG}G s5FU,fGF DF,DF\ T;Z]"O SM6 SZ[ mPP

ò55!ó DÁTGL ALDFZLDF\ VMKL ÃSDTDF\ lD<ST J[RL GF\BJ]\PPPPPPPP

VgI U]HZFTL lSTFAMVCSFD[ D];FlOZ

.,FH VG[ p5RFZGF XZ. VCSFD


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m

m

1 A L D F Z L G L O h L , T A L D F Z L G L O h L , T A L D F Z L G L O h L , T A L D F Z L G L O h L , T

ò!ó ALDFZ L U]GFCMG[ N}Z SZ L N[ K[

SNL SNL .g;FG U]GFCMGF -UDF\ V[8,M NAF. ÔI K[ S[ T[GM

SM. VD, V[JM GYL CMTM H[ T[GF U]GFCMG[ N}Z SZL XS[P HIFZ[ V<,FCGL

ZCDT RFC[ K[ S[ T[ A\NM U]GFCMGF E\JZDF\YL GLS/[ VG[ T[GF U]GFCMGL

DFOL VG[ ;OF. Y. ÔI4 tIFZ[ V<,FCGF TZOYL Z\H4 UD VG[ D];LAT

T[DH ALDFZLDF\ T[G[ ;50FJL N[JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

ChZT VF.XF ZlNI<,FC] VgCFYL lZJFIT K[ o

Z;},]<,FC ;<,<,FC] V,IlC J ;<,D[ OZDFjI]\4

——HIFZ[ SM. A\NFGF U]GFC 36F\ JWFZ[ Y. ÔI K[ VG[ T[GF

VF˜DF,DF\ V[JM SM. G[S VD, GYL CMTM H[ V[ U]GFCG[ N}Z SZ[4

TM V<,FC TVF,F T[G[ UD VG[ D];LATDF\ ;50FJL N[ K[ S[ H[YL

T[GF hZLVFYL A\NFGF U]GFCMG[ N}Z SZL N[P˜˜

ò—ZJFC} VCDN4 lDxSFT˜ o !5(_ó

òZó ALDFZ L DUlOZTG]\ lGlD¿ K[

V\lAIFV[ lSZFD V,IlCD]:;,FD l;JFI U]GFCMYL SM6 DF˜;}D

slGNM"QFf CM. XS[ K[ m .g;FG K[ S[ H[ U]GFCM 5Z U]GFC SZ[ K[4 56 T[G[

G TM SM. V[C;F; K[ G SM. ÃRTF K[P

S]AF"G ÔVM V<,FC TVF,F 5Z4 H[GM DUlOZTGM ;FUZ V[8,M

lJXF/ K[ S[ H[ DM˜lDG A\NM D];LAT VG[ ALDFZL T[DH ÃRTF VG[ Z\HDF\

;50FI K[ T[GL D];LAT VG[ ALDFZLG[ U]GFCMGL DFOLGM hZLVM AGFJL N[

K[P

D]ÂxOS[ VF˜hD GALV[ SZLD ;<,<,FC] V,IlC J ;<,DGL

hAFG[ lZ;F,TYL GLS/[,L CNLQF JF\RM o

ChZT VA}C]Z{ZC VG[ ChZT VA};.N ZlNI<,FC] VgC]DFYL

lZJFIT K[ S[ o

GALV[ SZLD ;<,<,FC] V,IlC J ;<,D[ OZDFjI]\ S[4

——D];,DFGG[ HIFZ[ SM. D];LAT4 ALDFZL4 ÃRTF4 Z\H4 TS,LO

VG[ N]oB 5CM\R[ K[ VCÄIF ;]WL S[ SF\8M EM\SFI K[ TM V<,FC

TVF,F T[GF hZLVFYL V[GF U]GFC N}Z SZL N[ K[P˜˜

ò—A]BFZL XZLO˜4 CNL; G\AZ o 5&$!ó

ò#ó D];LAT VG[ ALDFZ L ZCDTG]\ lGlD¿ K[

V<,FC TVF,FGL ZCDT VF RFC[ K[ S[ A\NFG[ VG[S ACFGFYL

ZCDTM J0[ GJFhJFDF\ VFJ[P

VF H SFZ6 K[ S[ Ô[ T\N]Z:TL VG[ ;]BDF\ A\NFV[ X]Ê VNF SIM"4

TM 56 5]QS/ E,F. ÝF%T Y. VG[ Ô[ Z\H VG[ ÃRTF T[DH D];LAT VG[

ALDFZL 5Z ;A| SIM" TM 56 5]QS/ E,F.GM CSNFZ AgIMP DFGM S[ NZ[S

CF,TDF\ E,F.DF\ H ZæMP

B{Z VG[ E,F.YL GJFhJFGM B]NF. lGhFD sÝA\Wf VF 56 K[

S[ 5MTFGF A\NFVMG[ SM. JBT D];LAT VG[ TS,LO T[DH ZMU VG[


ALDFZLDF\ ;50FJL N[ K[ S[ H[YL V[ TS,LOG[ AZNFxT SZLG[ 56 JW] B{Z

VG[ E,F.G[ D[/JL XS[P

GAL ;<,<,FC] V,IlC J ;<,DG]\ OZDFG JF\RM VG[ V\NFhM

,UFJM S[ DM˜lDGG]\ ALDFZ YJ]\ 56 S[8,M DM8M E,F.GM hZLVM AGL

ÔI K[P

ChZT VA}C]Z{ZC ZlNI<,FC] VgC]YL lZJFIT K[ S[ o

Z;},]<,FC ;<,<,FC] V,IlC J ;<,D[ OZDFjI]\ o

——V<,FC TVF,F H[ DF6;G[ E,F. 5CM\RF0JFGM .ZFNM SZ[ K[4

T[G[ D];LATDF\ ;50FJL N[ K[P˜˜

ò—A]BFZL XZLO˜4 CNL; G\AZ o 5&$5ó

ò$ó ALDFZ L VG[ S;M8LV[ S[8,F NZH[5CM\RF0L NLWF ¦

V<,FC TVF,FGL ZCDTG]\ V[S lGlD¿ VF 56 K[ S[ T[6[

A\NFVMGF DF8[ HgGTDF\ V[S NZÔ[ GÞL SZL NLWM K[P CJ[ Ô[ SM. A\NM

5MTFGF VF˜DF, VG[ G[SLVMGF SFZ6[ T[ DCFG NZÔ ;]WL 5CM\RJFGM

CSNFZ GYL CMTM TM T[G[ SM. D];LAT VG[ TS,LO4 ALDFZL VG[ ÃRTFDF\

;50FJL N[JFDF\ VFJ[ K[ VG[ T[G[ ;A|GL TÁOLS 56 VF5JFDF\ VFJ[ K[ S[

H[YL T[ DF6; T[ DSFDGM CSNFZ AGL ÔIP

V<,FC TVF,FGF VF lGIDG[ 5{UdAZ[ VF˜hD ;<,<,FC]

V,IlC J ;<,D[ VF ZLT[ AIFG OZDFjIM K[ o

ChZT D]CdDN lAG BFl,N ;,DF ZCDT]<,FlC TVF,F 5MTFGF

JFl,NGF hZLVFYL VG[ T[VM 5MTFGF NFNFYL GS, SZ[ K[ S[ o

Z;},]<,FC ;<,<,FC] V,IlC J ;<,D[ OZDFjI]\4

——HIFZ[ A\NFGF DF8[ V<,FC TVF,F TZOYL sHgGTDF\f DCFG

NZÔ[ GSSL SZL N[JFDF\ VFJ[ K[ VG[ T[ T[G[ 5MTFGF VD, DFZOT[

D[/JL GYL XSTM TM V<,FC TVF,F V[GF XZLZ VYJF V[GF

DF, VYJF V[GL VÁ,FNG[ SM. D];LATDF\ ;50FJL N[ K[ VG[

5KL T[G[ ;A|GL TÁOLS VF5[ K[ VG[ T[G[[ T[ NZÔ ;]WL 5CM\RF0L N[

K[ H[ V[GF DF8[ V<,FC TVF,FGF TZOYL GSSL CTMP

ò—VA} NFV}N XZLO˜4 CNL; G\AZ o #_)_ó

ò5ó V\WF5F 5Z HgGTGL AXFZT

V<,FCGL DCFG G[VDT VF\B K[P VF\B JUZ N]lGIF V\W[Z K[P

VF\W/F[ ALRFZM 36M H VMKM VF NN"YL ARL XS[ K[ S[ Ô[ VF\B CMT[ TM

VF Ô[T[ VG[ 5[,]\ Ô[T[P 56 V[ X]\ SZ[ ¦ V<,FCGL DZÒ VF K[ S[ T[

HgDYL VF\W/M ZC[P VYJF 5FK/YL V[GL VF\B HTL ZC[P SM.56 ZLT[

G[VDTGL VF SDL S]NZTGF TZOYL K[P CJ[ Ô[ A\NM ;A| VG[ B}xG}NLGM

V5GFJGFZM AGL ÔI K[ TM H]VM4 V<,FC V[G[ S[JL NÁ,TYL GJFh[ K[P

GALV[ VSZD ;<,<,FC] V,IlC J ;<,D[ .XF"N OZDFjIM o

ChZT VG; ZlNI<,FC] VgC]YL lZJFIT K[ S[ o

D[\ GALV[ SZLD ;<,<,FC] V,IlC J ;<,DG[ VF OZDFJTF

;F\E?IF o

V<,FC ;]aCFGC} J TVF,F OZDFJ[ K[ S[ o

——C]\ SM. A\NFG[ T[GL AgG[ %IFZL J:T]VMDF\ ;50FJL Në K]\ VG[ T[

V[GF 5Z ;A| SZ[ K[4 TM C]\ V[ AgG[GF AN,FDF\ V[G[ HgGT VF5]\


K]\P slZJFIT SZGFZ SC[ K[ S[ V[GL AgG[ %IFZL J:T]VMYLf VF\

ChZT ;<,<,FC] V,IlC J ;<,DGL D]ZFN V[GL AgG[ VF\BM

K[P˜˜ ò—A]BFZL XZLO˜4 CNL; G\AZ o 5&5#ó

ò&ó VFlBZTDF\ T\N]Z:T DF6;GL TDgGF

TS,LO VG[ VFOT T [DH ALDFZLVM VG[ D ] ÂxS,M 5Z

DM˜lDGA\NFG[ VFlBZTDF\ H[ DC[ZAFGLVM VG[ S'5FVM4 AN,FVM VG[

NZÔVMYL GJFhJFDF\ VFJX[4 V[G[ Ô[.G[ N]lGIFDF\ ZFCT VG[ VFZFDYL

ZC[GFZFVM TDgGF SZX[ S[ ;[\S0M VO;M; ¦ N]lGIFDF\ VD[ 56 TS,LO

;CG SZL ,[T[4 S [ VCÄIF V[ H DC[ZAFGLVM VG[ S'5FVM T[DH

NZÔVMYL ;]BDF\ ZC[T[P

C]h}Z ;<,<,FC] V,IlC J ;<,DGM D]AFZS .XF"N wIFG5}J"S

JF\RM o

ChZT ÔlAZ ZlNI<,FC] VgC]YL lZJFIT K[ S[ o


——lSIFDTGF lNJ;[ D];LAT VG[ VFOTMDF\ ;50FI[,F ,MSM 36F\

JWFZ[ VHŸZ VG[ ;JFAYL GJFhJFDF\ VFJX[ TM ;]BL ,MSM

sVYF"TŸ T[ ,MSM H[VM N]lGIFDF\ D];LATM VG[ VFOTMYL ;]Zl1FT

ZæF VG[ T[DG]\ ÒJG DMHXMB VG[ B]XLDF\ JLtI]\f T[VM VF

TDgGF SZX[ S[ VO;M; ¦ N]lGIFDF\ V[DGF XZLZGL BF, SFTZMYL

SF5JFDF\ VFJTL sS[ H[ ZLT[ TS,LOMDF\ ;50FI[,F ,MSM VFH[

VF8,F JWFZ[ VHŸZ VG[ ;JFAYL GJFhJFDF\ VFJL ZæF K[4 V[JL

H ZLT[ VDMG[ 56 36M JWFZ[ ;JFA D/T[Pf˜˜

ò—lDxSFT XZLO˜4 CNL; G\AZ o !5*_ó

ò*ó ALDFZGF VFNFA

DM˜lDG DF6;[ C\D[XF B}X ZC[J] \ Ô[.V[P ZCDFG VG[ ZCLD

sV<,FC TVF,Ff H[ CF,TDF\ ZFB[4 V[ H CF,TDF\ ZFhL ZC[J]\ Ô[.V[P

Ô[ SM. A\NM ALDFZ Y. ÔI TM T[6[ S[8,FS VFNFAG]\ 5F,G SZJ]\

Ô[.V[4 H[YL 5}ZL ZLT[ V<,FC TVF,FGL ZCDTYL OFINM p9FJL XS[P

ALDFZGF S[8,FS VFNFA VF ÝDF6[ K[ o

s!f ;A| sWLZHf VG[ ;lCQ6]TF o

VYF"TŸ SM.YL OlZIFN G SZ[4 A<S[ V[GF 5Z ;A| VG[ ;lCQ6]TF

SZ[P CF\4 5MTFGF ALDFZ CMJFGL BAZ VF5JL VYJF ALDFZLGL

lJlXQ8TF VG[ lJJZ6 ATFJJ]\ VF ;A|GL p¿DTF lJZ]â GYLP

sZf N]VF o

N]VFGM ÝA\W SZJM Ô[.V[P

V[S CNL;[ 5FSDF\ K[ S[ o

ALDFZ[ VF N]VFGM ÝA\W SZJM Ô[.V[[P

]øÂöçûƒöeôÃô$̂éô]Ö×#äôæøÎö‚û…øiôä́Úôàû$ø†(Úø^]øqô‚öæø]öuø^ƒô…ö——Vµh ] lA. h Ÿh lT < , FlC J S]N ŸZlT CL lDG Ÿ XlZ " DFVlHN ] J pCFlh Z ]P˜˜

òV<,FC TVF,FGL hFT VG[ V[GL S]NZTGL 5GFC ,ë K]\4 T[

RLHGL A]ZF.YL H[GL TS,LO 5FDL ZæM K]\ VG[ H[GFYL 0ZL ZæM

K]\Pó


CNL; XZLO K[ S[ o

H[ DF6; ALDFZLDF\ RF,L; JBT VF N]VF 5-[ o

Ÿø]ôÖFäø]ôŸ$]øÞûkø‰öfûvø^ÞøÔø]ôÞ(oûÒößûköÚôàø]Ö¿øù^ÖôÛônûàø— — , F . , F v C . < , F V g T ; ] a C F G v S . g G L S ] g T ]lDGh ŸhFl, DLGP˜˜

òTFZF l;JFI SM. DF˜A}N GYLP sC[ V<,FC TVF,F ¦f T]\ 5FS K[P

D[\ DFZL ÔT p5Z h]<D SIM" K[[Pó

Ô[ V[ DF6; ALDFZLDF\ D'tI] 5FDX[ TM XCLNGM NZÔ[ 5FDX[P

VG[ Ô[ ;FZM Y. HX[ TM AWF U]GFC AbXL N[JFDF\ VFJX[P

ò—lC:G[ C;LG˜ o **ó

s#f TJSŸS], szwWF4 lJ`JF;f o

V:AFA VG[ TNALZ sI ]ÂSTf 5;\N SZJL TM VÂdAIF

V,IlCD]:;,FDGL ;]gGT K[P T[D KTF\ 56 lXOFGF DF8[ ;\5}6"

zwWF slJ`JF;f V<,FC TVF,FGL hFT 5Z CMJM Ô[.V[P

s$f ;JFAGL p dDLN o

CNL;MDF\ ALDFZLVM 5Z H[ BF; ÝSFZGF VHŸZ VG[ ;JFAGM

lhÊ K[ V[GL pdDLN ZFBJL Ô[.V[P

s5f VFlOITGL N]VF o

V<,FC TVF,FYL C\D[XF VFlOITGM T,AUFZ ZC[P N]lGIFDF\ H

VFlBZTDF\ YGFZF VhFAGF AN,[ TS,LOMG[ G DF\U[P A<S[

]øÖ×#ö̀Ü$…øe$ßø^!iôßø^Êôo]Ö‚%Þûnø^uøŠøßøè÷æ$Êôo]ŸûFìô†øéôuøŠøßøè÷…ô æ$Îôßø^Âø„ø]hø]Öß$^

——V< , FC]dD ZaAGF VFlT GF lO¡]gIF Cv;vGvT \JŸ JlO, Ÿ VFlBvZlT Cv;vGvT \JŸ J lSGF Vh FvAgGFZ˜˜

òC[ VDFZF 5ZJZlNUFZ ¦ VDG[ N]lGIFDF\ E,F. VF5 T[DH

VFlBZTDF\ 56 G[VDT VF5 VG[ NMhBGF VhFAYL VDG[

ARFJPó

5-TM ZC[P

s&f DÁTGL TDgGF o

TS,LOM VG[ ALDFZLVMYL 5Z[XFG Y.G[ DÁTGL TDgGF SZJL

TSNLZ 5Z ZFhL G ZC[JFGF ;DFG K[P V<,FC TVF,FGL

AFZUFCDF\ DÁTGL TDgGF SZJ]\ BZFA K[P V[ SFZ6[ VF TDgGF

N]Z]:T GYLP CF\4 Ô[ N]VF SZJ]\ CMI TM V<,FC TVF,FGL hFTG[

;M\5LG[ VF ÝDF6[ SC[J]\ Ô[.V[ o

]øÖ×#ö̀Ü$]øuûnôßôoûÚø^Òø^Þøkô]Öûvønø^éöìønû†]÷Ö(oûæøiøçøÊ$ßôoû]ôƒø]Òø^Þøkô]ÖûçøÊø^éöìønû†]÷Ö(oû

Eu’àu’nàVQSMD——V< , FC]dD VCŸlIG L DF SFvGlT , Ÿ CIFT ] BIŸZ< , L J

T vJOŸOG L . h F SFvGlT , Ÿ JOFT ] BIŸZ< , LP˜˜

òC[ V<,FC ¦ T]\ DG[ tIF\ ;]WL ÒJ\T ZFB HIF\ ;]WL ÃhNUL DFZF

DF8[ AC[TZ CMI VG[ HIFZ[ DZJ]\ DFZF DF8[ AC[TZ CMI tIFZ[ DG[

DMT VF5L N[ ¦ó

s*f DÂ uOZTGL p dDLN o

T\N]Z:TL VG[ H]JFGLDF\ BÁO s0Zf JWFZ[ CMJM Ô[.V[ VG[


SDhMZL VG[ ALDFZLDF\ ZCDT VG[ DÂuOZTGM bIF, KJFI[,M

ZC[JM Ô[.V[P VF N]VF 5-J]\ D]:TCA K[ o

]øÖ×#ãöÜ$]ÆûËô†ûÖôoûæø]…ûuøÛûßôoûæø]ÖûvôÏûßôoûeô^Ö†$ÊônûÐô]ŸûÂû×Fo— — V < , F C ] d D Â u O Z Ÿ , L J Z Ÿ C d G L J Â < C S Ÿ G L l A Z " O L l S , ŸVF˜,FP˜˜

òC[ V<,FC TVF,F ¦ DG[ DFO OZDFJL N[ VG[ DFZF 5Z ZCD

OZDFJ VG[ DG[ prR NZÔGF ;FYLVM sV\lAIF VG[ ;Fl,CLGf

;FY[ lD,FJL N[Pó

s(f Ô[ ALDFZGF lhdD[ SM. CS VNF SZJFGM AFSL CMI sGDFh4

ZMhC4 hSFT4 S]AF"GLf VDFGT4 Sh"4 pWFZ ,LW[,]\ CMI T[ TM V[G[

VNF SZJFGL Jl;iIT SZJ]\ JFlHA K[4 A<S[ VUFpYL ,BLG[

ZFBJ]\ D]:TCA K[P V[ H ÝDF6[ ;NSFT VG[ BIZFTGL Jl;iIT

SZJ]\ 56 D]:TCA K[P

s)f .g;FG S]NZTL ZLT[ SDhMZ K[P D];LAT VG[ ALDFZLYL SIFZ[S

UEZF.G[ S\.S V[JF XaNM AM,L N[ K[ H[ V[GF A\NF CMJFGL

XFGGF lA<S], lJZ]â CMI K[P VG[ V[GF BFl,S VG[ ZFlhS

sV<,FC TVF,FfG[ 5;\N GYL VFJT]\P Ô[ S[ T[ D];LAT VG[

ALDFZL T[GF CSDF\ DÂuOZT VG[ ZCDT T[DH NZÔVM A],\N

YJFGM hZLVM CMI K[4 5KL T[G[ A]Z]\vE,]\ SC[J]\ S[JL ZLT[ Ô.h

Y. XS[ m

GALV[ SZLD ;<,<,FC] V,IlC J ;<,D ChZT pdD[ ;F.A

ZlNI<,FC] VgCF 5F;[ TXZLO ,. UIF HIFZ[ S[ T[VM TFJGL

CF,TDF\ CTFP

VF5 ;<,<,FC] V,IlC J ;<,D[ 5}KI]\ o

——TDG[ X]\ YI]\ S[ W|}Ò ZæF KM m ˜˜

TM T[GF HJFADF\ ChZT pdD[ ;F.A ZlNI<,FC] VgCFGF

D]BDF\YL VF XaNM GLS/L UIF o

——sC]\ f TFJGF SFZ6[ sW}|Ò ZCL K]\Pf V<,FC V[DF\ AZST G

VF5[P˜˜

TM D]VÂ<,D[ SF.GFT sHUT U]Z]f ;<,<,FC] V,IlC J ;<,D[

T[DG[ G;LCT SZTF\ OZDFjI]\ S[4

——TFJG[ BZFA G SCM4 V[8,F DF8[ S[ TFJ .g;FGGF U]GFCMG[

V[JL ZLT[ N}Z SZL N[ K[ H[JL ZLT[ EõL ,MB\0GF D[,G[ ;FO SZL N[

K[P˜˜

ò—.IFNT S[ OhF., J VFNFA˜ó


2 A L D F Z L 5 ] Z ; L G L O h L , T A L D F Z L 5 ] Z ; L G L O h L , T A L D F Z L 5 ] Z ; L G L O h L , T A L D F Z L 5 ] Z ; L G L O h L , T

ò(ó ALDFZ5]Z;L SZGFZFVM 5Z ZCDTGL JQFF"

5Z[XFG VG[ TS,LODF\ ;50FI[,F ;FY[ CDNNL" s;CFG]E}lTfG]\

JT"G SZJ]\ VG[ V[GL ;FD[ T;<,L slN,F;FfGF VD}S AM, AM,L N[JF

S[8,]\ VF;FG K[P 56 V[GM OFINM TM H]VM S[ V[GFYL ÃRTF VG[ A[R[GLDF\

;50FI[,F N]oBL VG[ UDULG lN, 5Z4 VFG\N VG[ B]XLGL CF,T KJF.

ÔI K[P VG[ V[GL hAFG V<,FC TVF,FGF X]ÊG]\ Z86 SZJF DF\0[ K[P

ALDFZ5]Z;LGL VFH VClDIT sDCtJTFfGF SFZ6[ ALDFZ5]Z;L

SZGFZFVMG[ V<,FC TVF,FGL ZCDTYL GJFhJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P AZSTJ\T

XaNMDF\ ALDFZ5]Z;LGL VClDiITG[ JF\RM VG[ AXFZTGL pdDLN 5Z

ALDFZ5]Z;L SIF" SZMP

ChZT ÔlAZ ZlNI<,FC] VgC]YL lZJFIT K[ S[ o

GALV[ SZLD ;<,<,FC] V,IlC J ;<,D[ .XF"N OZDFjIM S[ o

——HIFZ[ SM. DF6; SM. ALDFZGL ALDFZ5]Z;L SZ[ K[ TM HIF\

;]WL ALDFZ5]Z;L SZGFZ A[;[ GlC tIF\ ;]WL ZCDTGF NlZIFDF\

NFB, YTM ZC[ K[ VG[ HIFZ[ ALDFZ5]Z;L SZGFZ ALDFZ DF6;

5F;[ A[;L ÔI K[ TM ZCDTGF NZÔVMDF\ 0}ASL ,UFJL N[ K[P˜˜

ò—D]:GN[ VCDN˜ o 5 q !$Z&$ó

ò)ó ALDFZ5]Z;L 5Z OlZxTFVMGLDUlOZTGL N]VF

V<,FC TVF,FGL ZCDTGL lJXF/TFGM SM. X]\ V\NFhM ,UFJL

XS[ K[ ¦ V<,FC TVF,F ZCDFG sNIF/]f VG[ ZCLD sS'5F/]f K[ S[

5MTFGL V;LD ZCDT gIMKFJZ SZJF DF8[ ACFG]\ XMW[ K[P

V<,FC TVF,FGL ZCDTGM GTLÔ[ H TM K[ S[ ALDFZ5]Z;L

SZGFZFVM DF8[ *_4___ sl;¿[Z ChFZf OlZxTFVM D]SZ"Z SZL N[ K[ S[

DFZF VF A\NFGF DF8[ DUlOZTGL N]VF SZTF ZCM4 H[ ALDFZ5]Z;L H[JL

DCÀJGL .AFNTGF DF8[ H. ZæM K[P

GALV[ VSZD ;<,<,FC] V,IlC J ;<,DGL D]AFZS CNL;

JF\RM VG[ ALDFZ5]Z;LGL VClDiIT sDCtJTFfGM V\NFhM ,UFJM o

ChZT V,L SZ"D<,FC] JHŸCC}YL lZJFIT K[ S[ o

D[ \ Z;},]<,FC ;<,<,FC] V,IlC J ;<,DG[ VF OZDFJTF

;F\E?IF S[ o

——H[ D];,DFG sALÔ ALDFZf D];,DFGGL lNJ;GF 5C[,F\

EFUDF\ sVYF"TŸ ALÔ 5CMZYL 5C[,F\ 5C[,F\f ALDFZ5]Z;L SZ[ K[

TM *_4___ sl;¿[Z ChFZf OlZxTFVM ;F\H ;]WL V[GF DF8[

ZCDT VG[ DUlOZTGL N]VF SZ[ K[P VG[ H[ D];,DFG ZF+[

sVYF"TŸ ;}ZH 0}AJF 5KLf ALDFZ5]Z;L SZ[ K[ TM *_4___

sl;¿[Z ChFZf OlZxTFVM V[GF DF8[ ;JFZ ;]WL ZCDT VG[

DUlOZTGL N]VF SZ[ K[P VG[ HgGTDF\ V[GF DF8[ AULRM GSSL

SZL N[JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P˜ ò—lTZlDhL XZLO˜4 CNL; G\AZ o )&)ó

ò!_ó ALDFZ5]Z;L DF8[ p9[,]\ 5U,]\ 36]\D]AFZS CMI K[


ALDFZ V<,FCGM A\NM VG[ ALDFZL V<,FC TVF,FGL V5"6

SZ[,4 AgG[G[ V<,FC TVF,FYL ;\A\W ÝF%T K[P CJ[ Ô[ V[ A\NFG[ lN,F;M

VF5JF DF8[ VG[ CDNNL"DF\ SM. DF6; RF,LG[ ÔI K[ TM V[ HJFG[ 56

V<,FC TVF,FGL B]xG]NLYL lG:AT Y. ÔI K[P

CJ[ H]VM4 V[GL G[SLGL EFJGF VG[ VD, 5Z VF;DFGYL XL

5MSFZ VFJ[ K[ VG[ V[G[ XL AXFZT sX]E ;DFRFZf ;\E/FJJFDF\ VFJ[

K[P AXFZT JF\RM VG[ lJRFZM S[ V<,FC TVF,FGF NZAFZYL ALDFZ5]Z;L

SZGFZFVMG[ X]\ X]\ D/[ K[ ¦

ChZT VA}C]Z{ZC ZlNI<,FC] VgC]YL lZJFIT K[ S[ o

Z;},[ VSZD ;<,<,FC] V,IlC J ;<,D[ OZDFjI]\ o

——HIFZ[ SM. DF6; ALDFZGL ALDFZ5]Z;L SZ[ K[ TM V[S

5MSFZGFZ sVYF"TŸ OlZxTMf VF;DFGYL 5MSFZLG[ SC[ K[ S[ TFZF

DF8[ N]lGIF VG[ VFlBZTDF\ E,F. YFI VG[ TFZ] \ RF,J] \

sALDFZ5]Z;LGF DF8[f D]AFZS YFI VG[ TG[ HgGTDF\ prR

DSFD D/[P˜˜ ò—lDxSFT XZLO˜ o !5*5ó

ò!!ó TVlhIT VG[ CDNNL"GM ;JFA

ALDFZ DF6;G[ ALDFZL XL Y.4 V[GF U]GFC DFO YJF ,FuIFP

NZÔVM JWJF ,FuIFP Z0J]\ VG[ VF\;] JCFJJ]\ VF;FG Y. UI]\P VG[

V<,FC TVF,FGL lGS8TFGM V[S DMSM CFY VFJL UIMP VF AW]\ ALDFZ

DF6;G[ ÝF%T YX[P 56 V[GL ALDFZ5]Z;L SZGFZ VYJF DÁT 5Z

TVlhIT SZGFZ 56 V<,FC TVF,FGL ZCDTYL J\lRT GYL4 A<S[ T[

56 T[GF sALDFZfGL H[D ;JFA VG[ OhL,TYL EFuIXF/L Y. ÔI K[P

H]VM4 Z;},]<,FC ;<,<,FC] V,IlC J ;<,D[ S[JF XaNMDF\

V<,FC TVF,FGF Oh, sS'5FfG[ AIFG OZDFjI]\ K[ o

ChZT VaN]<,FC lAG D;ŸµN ZlNI<,FC] TVF,F VgC]YL

lZJFIT K[ S[ o


——H[6[ SM. D];LATDF\ ;50FI[,FGL TVlhIT SZL TM T[GF DF8[

D];LATDF\ ;50FI[,FGL H[D ;JFA K[P˜˜ò—.aG[ DFHC˜ o !&_Zó

ò!Zó A\NFGL ALDFZ5]Z;L V<,FCGL ALDFZ5]Z;LAZFAZ K[

.g;FGL lGID K[ S[ HIFZ[ SM. DF6;G[ SM. SFDGL DCtJTF

JW]YL JW] ATFJJL CMI K[ VG[ V[GL OhL,T VG[ DCtJTF lN,DF\

pTFZJF RFC[ K[ TM V[GL lG:AT 5MTFGF TZO SZL N[ K[P VG[ V[GM ,FE

56 ÔC[Z YFI K[ S[ NZ[S ;F\E/GFZGL GHZDF\ V[GL DCtJTF 0A, Y.

ÔI K[P VG[ 9LS 9FS V[GFYL ,FE p9FJL XSFI K[P V[ H ÝDF6[ V<,FC

TVF,FV[ ALDFZ5]Z;LG]\ DCtJ VG[ OhL,T JW]YL JW] ÔC[Z SZJF DF8[

V[GL lG:AT 5MTFGF TZO SZL K[P

CNL; XZLOGF XaNM JF\RM VG[ V[GL OhL,TGM V\NFhM ,UFJM o

ChZT VA}C]Z{[ZC ZlNI<,FC] VgC]YL lZJFIT K[ S[ o


——V<,FC TVF,F lSIFDTGF lNJ;[ sA\NFYLf OZDFJX[4

C[ .aG[ VFND ¦ C]\ ALDFZ YIM VG[ T[\ DFZL ALDFZ5]Z;L G SZL m

A\NM Vh" SZX[ S[4


C[ DFZF ZA ¦ C]\ TFZL ALDFZ5]Z;L S[JL ZLT[ SZT[ S[ T]\ TM TDFD

N]lGIFGM 5ZJZlNUFZ K[P sVG[ ALDFZLYL 5FS K[Pf

V<,FC TVF,F OZDFJX[4

X]\ TG[ BAZ G Y. CTL S[ DFZM O,F6M A\NM ALDFZ CTM m VG[ T[\

V[GL ALDFZ5]Z;L G SZL CTLP

X]\ TG[ BAZ G CTL S[ Ô[ V[ ALDFZ A\NFGL ALDFZ5]Z;L SZT[ TM

DG[ sDFZL B]xG]NLf V[GL 5F;[ 5FDT[P

5KL V<,FC TVF,F OZDFJX[4

C[ .aG[ VFND ¦ D[\ TFZL 5F;[ BFJ]\ DF\uI]\ VG[ T[\ DG[ BFJ]\ G

BJ0FjI]\ m

A\NM Vh" SZX[ S[4

C[ DFZF ZA ¦ C]\ TG[ BFJ]\ S[JL ZLT[ BJ0FJT[ T]\ TM TDFD N]lGIFGM

5ZJZlNUFZ K[ ¦


X]\ TG[ IFN GYL S[ TFZL 5F;[ DFZF O,F6F A\NFV[ BFJ]\ DF\uI]\ CT]\

VG[ T[\ V[G[ BFJ]\ G BJ0FjI]\ CT]\P TG[ BAZ G CTL S[ Ô[ T]\ V[G[

BFJ]\ BJ0FJT[ TM V[G[ sVYF"TŸ V[GF ;JFAG[f DFZL 5F;[ 5FDT[P

5KL V<,FC TVF,F OZDFJX[4

C[ .aG[ VFND ¦ D[\ TFZL 5F;[ 5F6L DF\uI]\ CT]\ VG[ T[\ DG[ 5F6L G

l5J0FjI]\ m

A\NM Vh" SZX[4

C[ DFZF ZA ¦ C]\ TG[ 5F6L S[JL ZLT[ l5J0FJT[ m T]\ TM TDFD

N]lGIFGM 5ZJZlNUFZ K[ ¦ sTG[ G 5F6LGL H~ZT K[ G SM. ALÒ

J:T]GL CFHT K[f


TFZL 5F;[ DFZF O,F6F A\NFV[ 5F6L DF\uI]\ VG[ T]\V[ V[G[ 5F6L G

l5J0FjI]\4 X]\ TG[ BAZ G CTL S[ Ô[ T]\ V[G[ 5F6L l5J0FJT[ TM

V[G[ sVYF"TŸ V[GF ;JFAG[f DFZL 5F;[ 5FDT[P˜˜

ò—D]Â:,D XZLO˜4 CNL; G\AZ o &55&ó

ò!#ó ALDFZ DF6;GM CS

.:,FD[ HIF\ VCSFD sVFN[XMf VG[ D;F., s;D:IFVMfGL

TF˜,LD VF5L K[4 tIF\ H ;FZF ;DFH VG[ z[Q9 Vb,FSGL 56 36L H

TZULA sp¿[HGFf VF5L K[P S[DS[ V[GFYL ;DFH B}XUJFZ s~lRSZf

YFI K[4 VG[ ;\A\W VG[ ;\5S"4 G;LCT VG[ B{ZbJFCLGL EFJGF pEZ[ K[P

V,A¿4 T[ AWF\ p;},M V[S NZÔGF GYL A<S[ VClDIT sDCtJTFfGF

l,CFhYL VD]S 36F\ DCtJ5}6" K[4 TM VD]S V[GFYL GLRL S1FFGF K[P

T[DF\YL H ALDFZGL ALDFZ5]Z;L 56 K[P

Vb,FSGF ;F1FFT :J~54 .g;FlGiITGF D]Cl;G sp5SFZSf

GALV[ SZLD ;<,<,FC] V,IlC J ;<,D[ 5F\R JFTMG[ lJlXQ8 ZLT[

DCÀJGL 9[ZJLG[ .XF"N OZDFjIM o

——V[S D];,DFGGF ALÔ D];,DFG 5Z 5F\R CS K[ o

s!f ;,FDGM HJFA VF5JM4

sZf ALDFZGL ALDFZ5]Z;L SZJL4

s#f HGFhCGL ;FY[ HJ]\4

s$f NF˜JT SA}, SZJ]\4

s5f KÄSGFZGM HJFA VF5JMP˜˜ò—A]BFZL˜4—D]Â:,D˜4 CNL; G\P o 5&5_ó


3 A L D F Z L 5 ] Z ; L G F V F N F AA L D F Z L 5 ] Z ; L G F V F N F AA L D F Z L 5 ] Z ; L G F V F N F AA L D F Z L 5 ] Z ; L G F V F N F A

ò!$ó ALDFZ DF6; DF8[ N]VF SZ M

N]VF .AFNTGM DFJM K[P lJGI VG[ lJGD|TF4 lJJXTF VG[

,FRFZLG[ ÝU8 SZJ]\ K[P A\NF CMJFG[ ÔC[Z SZJ]\ VG[ V<,FC TVF,FGL

AFZUFCDF\ N]VFGF Sl,DFT 5[X SZJ]\ V<,FC TVF,FG[ 36]\ 5;\N K[P

N]VFYL CF,TM AN,F. ÔI K[P

VF H SFZ6 K[ S[ GALV[ SZLD ;<,<,FC] V,IlC J ;<,D

HIFZ[ ALDFZ DF6; 5F;[ TXZLO ,. HTF TM VF N]VF VF5TF o

EÚEÓçFé$†mÌVUNQMD Ÿøeøû̂Œø›øãöçû…º]ôÞûEø^ðø]Ö×#äö——,F AVŸv; TC}Z]GŸ .gXFV< ,FCP ˜˜

òUEZFJF H[J] \ S \. GYLP .gXFV<,FC VF ALDFZL TDG[

U]GFCMYL 5FS SZL N[X[Pó

VF5 ;<,<,FC] V,IlC J ;<,D[ pdDTG[ 56 lCNFIT OZDFJL

K[ S[ HIFZ[ ALDFZ DF6; 5F;[ TXZLO ,. ÔVM TM 5MTFGM CFY D}SLG[

VF N]VF 5-IF SZM o

]øÖ×#ãöÜ$œƒûâôgô]ÖûføªŒø…øh$]Öß$^Œô]ô$ûÌô]øÞûkø]ÖE$^Êôoû‰øÏøÛ÷̂ Ÿø$ôËø^ðø]ôŸ$$ôËø^ñöÔø$ôËø^ð÷Ÿ$möÇø^Rô…ö

——V< ,FC]dD VhŸClA,Ÿ AVŸv; ZaAgGFl; .Â xOVgTxXFOL ,F lXOFvV .< ,F lXOFp vS lXOFVGŸ,F I]UFlNZ] ;vSvDFP ˜˜

òC[ V<,FC ¦ TS,LOG[ N}Z OZDFJL N[ ¦ sC[f ,MSMGF 5ZJZlNUFZ¦

VF ALDFZG[ lXOF VF5 ¦ VG[ T]\ H lXOF VF5GFZ K[P TFZL lXOF

l;JFI SM. lXOF GYLP V[JL lXOF VF5 S[ SM. ALDFZL AFSL

ZC[JF G N[Pó

VG[ GLR[ NXF"J[, VF N]VF 56 36L OFINFSFZS CMJFGL ;FY[

;FY[ DCFG ,MSMGM VHDFJ[,M G]:BM K[P HIFZ[ ALDFZ DF6; 5F;[ ÔVM

TM * s;FTf JBT 5-J]\ Ô[.V[ o

]ø‰û*̂Ùö]Ö×#äø]ÖûÃø¿ônûÜø…øh$]ÖûÃø†ûTô]ÖûÃø¿ônûÜô]*áûm$EûËônøÔøE]eçR]¨R$†mÌVu‚m&VRLMOD

— — V : V , ] < , F C , Ÿ V h L v D Z a A , Ÿ V l X " , Ÿ V h L l DV\IŸIÂ xOvIvS˜˜

òC]\ V<,FC TVF,FYL sN]VFf DF\U]\ K]\4 H[ DCFG K[ VG[ DCFG

VX"GM ZA K[ S[ TG[ lXOF VTF OZDFJ[Pó

ò!5ó ALDFZ5]Z;L J]h }GL CF,TDF\ SZ M

J]h} VG[ 5FSL DM˜lDGGF DF8[ ClYIFZ4 NZ[S VD,DF\ V<,FC

TVF,FGL lGS8TFG]\ lGlD¿ VG[ JWFZ[ ;JFAGM J;L,M K[P ALDFZ5]Z;L

V[ 56 V[S DCtJGL .AFNT K[P H[YL ALDFZ5]Z;L SZJF 5C[,F\ J]h} SZL

,[JFYL ALDFZ5]Z;L 5lZ5}6" VG[ ;J"z[Q9 NZÔGL Y. ÔI K[P V[8,[ Ô[

SM. DM˜lDG A\NM ZJFGULYL 5C[,F\ J]h} SZL ,[ K[ TM CJ[ V[G]\ GLS/J]\

VG[ ALDFZ5]Z;L SZJ]\ V<,FC TVF,FGL AFZUFCDF\ JW] lGS8TF VG[

;JFAG]\ lGlD¿ AG[ K[P

D]Cl;G[ VF˜hD sDCFG p5SFZSf GALV[ SZLD ;<,<,FC]

V,IlC J ;<,DGF DCFG .XF"NG[ 5MTFGF lN, 5Z V\lST SZL ,M o


ChZT VG; ZlNI<,FC] VgC]YL lZJFIT K[ S[ o

Z;},[ VSZD ;<,<,FC] V,IlC J ;<,D[ OZDFjI]\ S[ o

——H[ DF6;[ J]h} SI]Å VG[ ;FZL ZLT[ J]h} SI]Å VG[ 5KL ;JFAGL

lGiITYL 5MTFGF D];,DFG EF.GL ALDFZ5]Z;L SZL4 TM

HCgGDYL *_ sl;¿[Zf JQF"GF V\TZ H[8,M N}Z SZL N[JFDF\ VFJ[

K[P˜˜ ò—lDxSFT XZLO˜4 CNL; G\AZ o !55Zó

ò!&ó sALDFZ DF6; 5F;[f JWFZ [ ;DI G A[;M

DM8[ EFU[ ALDFZ DF6; 5Z SDhMZL VG[ UDULGL T[DH

N]oBFJM VG[ A[R[GLYL VFZFD VG[ ê3G]\ ÝDF6 JWFZ[ ZC[ K[P V[JF ;DI[

ALDFZ DF6; 5F;[ JWFZ[ ;DI A[;J]\ V[GL TS,LOG]\ lGlD¿ AGL ÔI K[P

V[ SFZ6[ JWFZ[ ;DI G A[;J]\ Ô[.V[P V,A¿4 Ô[ VG]DFG CMI S[ JWFZ[

;DI A[;J]\ V[GL B}XLG[ JWFZM SZX[4 V[GF CSDF\ JWFZ[ ZFCT VG[

VFZFDG]\ lGlD¿ AGX[ TM 5KL H<NL HT]\ ZC[J]\ ;FZ]\ G U6FX[P

NZAFZ[ lZ;F,TGF BF; BFlND ChZT VG; ZlNI<,FC] VgC]

C]h}Z ;<,<,FC] V,IlC J ;<,DGM .XF"N GS, OZDFJ[ K[ o

GALV[ SZLD ;<,<,FC] V,IlC J ;<,D[ .XF"N OZDFjIM S[ o

——z[Q9TD ALDFZ5]Z;L ê86LG[ A[ JBT N}W SF-JFGF NZlDIFGL

;DI H[8,L K[P VG[ ChZT ;.N lAG D];ÂiIA ZCDT]<,FlC

V,IlCYL D];", lZJFIT ÝDF6[ z[Q9TD ALDFZ5]Z;L T[ K[ H[DF\

ALDFZ5]Z;L SZGFZ H<NLYL µEM Y. ÔIP˜˜

ò—AICSL˜4 —lDxSFT XZLO˜4 CNL; G\AZ o !5)_4 !5)!ó

ò!*ó ALDFZ DF6; 5F;[ N]VF SZFJM

pNF; VG[ N]oBJF/F lN,GL N]VF 36L H<NL SA}, YFI K[P

ALDFZGF lN, 5Z N]oB VG[ pNF;L4 Z0JF VG[ VF\;] JCFJJFGL CF,T ZC[

K[P Ô[ T[ N]VF SZ[ K[ TM T[GL N]VF 36L H<NL SA}, SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

D]Cl;G[ SF.GFT s;DU| lJ`JGF 5ZM5SFZLf GALV[ SZLD

;<,<,FC] V,IlC J ;<,D[ pdDTG[ VF JFTGL G;LCT OZDFJL S[ VF

;MG[ZL DMSFYL OFINM p9FJM4 VG[ V[GL 5F;[ N]VF SZFJM4 V<,FC

TVF,FGL DÂ:,CT Y. TM AgG[ HCFGDF\ SFlDIFA Y. HXMP

CNL; XZLOGF XaNM VF ÝDF6[ K[ o

ChZT pDZ lAG B¿FA ZlNI<,FC] VgC]YL lZJFIT K[ S[ o


——HIFZ[ SM. ALDFZ DF6; 5F;[ ALDFZ5]Z;L DF8[ ÔVM TM T[G[

TDFZF DF8[ N]VF DF8[ SCM4 S[DS[ ALDFZGL N]VF OlZxTFVMGL

N]VFGL H[D K[P˜˜ ò—.aG[ DFHC XZLO˜4 CNL; G\AZ o !$$!ó

ò!(ó ALDFZ5]Z;LGF S[8,FS 8}\SF VFNFA

ALDFZGL 5F;[ lGZFXFGL JFT SZJL IMuI GYL4 A<S[ V[GL ;FD[ ÒJG

VG[ T\N]Z:TLGL VFXFJW"S JFTM4 VG[ V[GL ÃRTF VG[ lOSZG[ N}Z

SZGFZL JFTM SZJL Ô[.V[P

ALDFZ DF6;G[ BFJF DF8[ DHA}Z G SZJM Ô[.V[P

ALDFZ DF6; 5F;[ XMZASMZ VG[ SM,FC, G SZJ]\ Ô[.V[P

HIFZ[ SM. ALDFZ DF6;G[ SM. J:T]GL .rKF YFI VG[ T[ J:T] V[GF

DF8[ G]S;FGSFZS G CMI TM XSI CMI tIF\ ;]WL V[GL .rKF 5}ZL SZJL

Ô[.V[P


_

___

ALDFZ5]Z;L DF8[ J]h} SZLG[ HJ]\ D]:TCA K[P

ALDFZGF DFYF 5F;[ A[;J]\ ;]gGT K[P

ALDFZGL 5[XFGL 5Z VYJF XZLZGF SM. V\U 5Z CFY D}SJ]\ AC[TZ

K[P

ALDFZGL B{Z B{lZIT VG[ TALVTGF CF,FT 5}KJF ;]gGT K[P

ALDFZ 5F;[ YM0M ;DI A[;J] \ Ô[.V[4 G V[8,M ;DI S[ ALDFZ

DF6;G[ TS,LO YJF ,FU[P

ò!)ó U{ZD]Â:,DM VG[ OFl;SMGL ALDFZ5]Z;L

ALDFZ5]Z;L V[ V[S .g;FGL4 Vb,FSL VG[ XZ. VD, K[P

.:,FD prR ;\:SFZGL G DF+ TF˜,LD VF5[ K[4 A<S[ V[GL TZULA

sp¿[HGf 56 VF5[ K[P V[8,F DF8[ .:,FDGM VF z[Q9 Vb,FS K[ S[ NZ[S

CZM/GF ,MSMGL ALDFZ5]Z;LGL TZULA sp¿[HGf VF5L K[P GALV[

VSZD ;<,<,FC] V,IlC J ;<,DG]\ ÒJG VF56F DF8[ VD,L GD}GM

K[P

V[S IC}NL KMSZM VF5 ;<,<,FC] V,IlC J ;<,DGL lBNDT

SZTM CTMP HIFZ[ ALDFZ YIM TM VF5 ;<,<,FC] V,IlC J ;<,D V[GL

ALDFZ5]Z;L DF8[ TXZLO ,. UIFP

.DFD A]BFZL ZlCDC]<,FC]V[ 5MTFGL lSTFA ——V,Ÿ VNA],Ÿ

D]OZNŸ˜˜DF\ D]ÂxZSGL ALDFZ5]Z;LGF DF8[ V,U V[S ÝSZ6 ,bI]\ K[P

T[GFYL U{ZGL ALDFZ5]Z;LGL 56 DCtJTF BAZ 50[ K[4 VG[ V[GFYL

.:,FDGF prR Vb,FS ÝU8 YFI K[4 A<S[ .:,FD SA}, SZJFG]\ lGlD¿

AGL ÔI K[P

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ò—OTFJF NFZ],Ÿ p,}D˜ o Z()ó

ò(5ó .XZFSGF J]h }YL RFxT VG[ h MCZGLGDFh 5-JL

Ô[ SM. XZ. DF˜h}Z[ OHZGL GDFh VNF SZL TM ;}I" GLS/TF H

T[G]\ J]h} VF5MVF5 T}8L HX[P CJ[ T[6[ .XZFSGL GDFh DF8[ ALH]\ J]h} SI]Å

VG[ .XZFSGL GDFh VNF SZLP 5KL YM0F ;DI 5KL V[ H J]h}YL

RFxTGL GDFh 5-L TM VF AgG[ GDFhM ;CLC K[P A<S[ V[ H J]h}YL Ô[

hMCZGL GDFh 5-JF RFC[ TM 5-L XS[ K[ S[D S[ DF˜h}ZG]\ J]h} sGDFhGMf

;DI GLS/L HJFYL T}8L ÔI K[P H[YL hMCZGM ;DI GLS/JF ;]WL Oh"

VG[ GlO, GDFhM H[ RFC[ 5-L XS[ K[P

ò—VC;G],Ÿ OTFJF˜ o Z q *(ó

ò(&ó V;ZGF J]h }YL DUlZAGL GDFh VYJFDUlZAGF J]h }YL .XFGL GDFh 5-JL

XZ. DF˜h}Z[ V;ZGL GDFh DF8[ J]h} SI]ÅP V;ZGL GDFh 5-JF

5KL ;}IF":T YIMP CJ[ V[ H J]h}YL DUlZAGL GDFh 5-JF RFC[ TM GYL

5-L XSTMP

V[ H ÝDF6[ DUlZAGL GDFh DF8[ J]h} SI]ÅP CJ[ V[ H J]h}YL

.XFGL GDFh 5-JF RFC[ TM GYL 5-L XSTMP


8 . Â : T C F h C G ] \ A I F G. Â : T C F h C G ] \ A I F G. Â : T C F h C G ] \ A I F G. Â : T C F h C G ] \ A I F G

ò(*ó .Â:TCFhC SMG[ SC[ K[ m

V[J] \ ,MCL H[ :+LGF UEF "XIYL VFNT lJZ]â GLS/[ T[G[

.Â:TCFhC SC[ K[P

òAó AFl,U s5]bT JIfGL :+LG[ +6 lNJ;YL VMK]\ ,MCL VFJLG[ A\W

Y. ÔIP

òBó UE"JTL :+LG[ Ý;}lT 5C[,F\ ,MCL JC[JF DF\0[P

òCó DFl;SGL JWFZ[DF\ JWFZ[ D]¡T N; s!_f lNJ; K[4 T[GFYL JW]

VFJJF ,FU[P

òDó H[ :+LGF DFl;SGF lNJ;M GSSL CMI4 T[ lNJ;MYL JWLG[ N;

s!_f lNJ;YL 56 JWL ÔI TM VFNTGF lNJ;M l;JFIGF

lNJ;MG]\ ,MCL .Â:TCFhC SC[JFX[P

òEó DFl;SG]\ ,MCL A\W Y. ÔI4 5KL 5\NZ s!5f lNJ;GF ;DIYL

5C[,F\ ,MCL GLS/JF ,FU[ TM V[ ;DIDF\ VFJGFZ] \ ,MCL

.Â:TCFhCG]\ ,MCL CX[P

òFó Ý;}lT 5KL RF,L; s$_f lNJ;YL JWFZ[ ,MCL VFJ[ TM H[G[

5C[,F\YL lGOF; sÝ;}lT 5KL JC[TF ,MCLfGF lNJ;M BAZ VG[

GSSL G CMI4 TM RF,L; s$_f lNJ; 5KL .Â:TCFhCG]\ ,MCL

SC[JFDF\ VFJX[P

òGó VG[ Ô[ 5C[,F\YL lGOF; sÝ;}lT 5KL JC[TF ,MCLfGL VFNT

GSSL CMI4 56 SM. JBT JWFZ[ VFJJF ,FU[4 TM Ô[ RF,L;

s$_f lNJ;YL 5C[,F\ A\W Y. ÔI TM VF JWFZ[GF lNJ;M 56

lGOF; sÝ;}lT 5KL JC[TF ,MCLGFf SC[JFX[4 VG[ Ô[ RF,L;

s$_f lNJ;YL 56 JWL ÔI TM VFNTGF l;JFIGF lNJ;M

5KLYL .Â:TCFhC SC[JFX[P

V[GF ALÔ 56 36F ÝSFZM K[4 H[ lOSCGL lSTFAM VYJF

p,DFV[ lSZFDGF ;\5S" DFZOT[ DF˜,}D Y. XS[ K[P

ò((ó .Â:TCFhCGM C]SD

s!f H[ H[ CF,TMDF\ :+L .Â:TCFhCJF/L SC[JFI K[4 T[ CF,TMDF\ T[GM

C]SD DFl;SJF/L VG[ lGOF;JF/L sÝ;}lT 5KL JC[TF ,MCLfGL

H[D GYL CMTM S[ T[GFYL GDFh DFO Y. ÔI VYJF lT,FJT[

S]VF"G[ 5FS VG[ ;\EMU JU[Z[ CZFD Y. ÔI4 A<S[ HIFZ[ VF

;FlAT Y. ÔI S[ CJ[ DFl;SG]\ ,MCL GYL A<S[ .Â:TCFhCG]\

,MCL K[4 TM V[JL :+LGF DF8[ T[ AWL J:T]VM Ô.h Y. ÔI K[

H[ V[S 5lJ+ :+LGF DF8[ Ô.h K[P

sZf H[GL DFl;SGL VFNT GSSL CTL4 Ô[ VFNTYL JWFZ[ ,MCL VFJJF

,FU[ TM N; s!_f lNJ; ;]WL YMEL ÔI4 VYF"TŸ GDFh JU[Z[ G

5-[4 S[ XSI K[ S[ VFNT AN,F. ZCL CMIP N; s!_f lNJ;GF

V\NZ A\W Y. ÔI TM ;\5}6" D]¡T DFl;S U6JFDF\ VFJX[P VG[

VF D]¡T NZlDIFGGL GDFh DFO YX[P

s#f VG[ Ô[ VFNTYL JWLG[ N; s!_f lNJ;YL 56 JWL ÔI TM H[

VFNTGF lNJ;M CTF T[ 5KLYL H .Â:TCFhCJF/L SC[JFX[P

NFB,F TZLS[ o K s&f lNJ;GL VFNT CTL VG[ ,MCL N; s!_f

lNJ;YL JWFZ[ VFJL UI]\ TM CJ[ ;FTDF lNJ;YL .Â:TCFhCJF/L

YX[P


H[YL N;DM lNJ; 5;FZ YJF 5KL HIFZ[ VF GSSL Y. UI]\ S[

.Â:TCFhCGL Â:YlT Y. U. K[ TM U];, SZJ]\ H~ZL YX[ VG[

U];, SZJF 5KL GDFh 5-J]\ Oh" YX[P VG[ ;FTDF lNJ;YL

K}8[,L GDFh 56 ShF SZJL 50X[P V,A¿4 V[ ShF SZJFGM

U]GMC G YX[P

s$f Ô[ +6 lNJ;YL VMK]\ ,MCL VFjI]\ TM X~VFT YTF\ H YMEL ÔI

S[ DFl;SG]\ ,MCL CX[4 56 +6 lNJ;YL VMKF lNJ;DF\ A\W Y.

HJFYL lJ`JF; Y. UIM S[ .Â:TCFhCG]\ ,MCL K[P H[YL K}8[,L

GDFhMGL ShF SZJL H~ZL YX[P

s5f .Â:TCFhCJF/L :+L 5C[,L JBT U];, SZX[ T[ 5KL NZ[S

GDFhGF ;DI DF8[ J]h} SZX[P V[ H J]h}YL Oh"4 JFlHA4 ;]gGT4

GlO,4 ShF GDFh 5-L XS[ K[P S]VF"G[ SZLDG[ V0SL 56 XS[ K[P

VG[ lT,FJT 56 SZL XS[ K[P

s&f .Â:TCFhCJF/L :+LGF C]SDM DF˜h}Z DF6;GF H[D K[ S[

DFl;SGF lNJ;M 5;FZ Y. HJF 5KL 5C[,L JBT U];, SZX[P

T[ 5KL NZ[S GDFhGF ;DIDF\ J]h} SZL ,[X[ VG[ ,MCLYL T[G]\ J]h}

T}8X[ GCÄP V,A¿4 J]h} TM0GFZL ALÒ J:T] 5[X VFJL ÔI

VYJF T[ ;DI GLS/L ÔI TM J]h} T}8L HX[ P

JW] DFlCTL DF8[ JF\RM o —DF˜h}Z[ XZ.SF C]SD˜ o &!

ò()ó .Â:TCFhCGL CF,TDF\ GDFh4 lhÊ4lT,FJT VG[ TJFOGM C]SD

H[ :+LG[ .Â:TCFhCG]\ ,MCL JC[JF ,FU[ T[ XZ. DF˜h}Z K[P H[YL

,MCLGF GLS/JFYL T[G]\ J]h} GYL T}8T]\P VG[ 5lJ+ :+LGL H[D NZ[S VD,

T[GF DF8[ Ô.h CMI K[P H[YL .Â:TCFhCJF/L :+L GDFh4 lT,FJT4 lhÊ

VG[ TJFO AW]\ SZL XS[ K[P V,A¿4 H[ GDFhGF ;DIDF\ T[6[ J]h} SI]Å K[

T[ ;DIGF GLS/L HJFYL T[G]\ J]h} T}8[ HX[P

ò)_ó lGOF;

Ý;}lT 5KL H[ ,MCL VFJ[ K[ T[G[ lGOF; SC[ K[P lGOF;GL CF,TGM

C]SD DFl;SGL CF,TGF H[D K[P VMKFDF\ VMKL T[GL SM. D]¡T GYLP

V,A¿4 JW]DF\ JW] D]¡T RF,L; s$_f lNJ; K[P T[GFYL JWL HJFYL

.Â:TCFhCGM C]SD T[G[ ,FU] 50X[P

ò)!ó Ý;}lT 5KL ,MCL lA<S], G VFJ[ TMU];, SZ [ S[ GCL m

Ý;}lT 5KL ,MCL Ô[ lA<S], G VFJ[ TM :+LG[ lGOF;GL CF,TDF\

U6JFDF\ G VFJX[P VG[ 5C[,F\GL H[D T[GF 5Z GDFh JU[Z[GF VCSFD

lGID ÝDF6[ RF,] ZC[X[P V,A¿4 ZFlHC SÁ, ÝDF6[ T[GF DF8[ U];,

SZJ]\ H~ZL YX[P

,MSMDF\ H[ JFT DXC}Z K[ S[ Ý;}lT 5KL V9JFl0IF VYJF RF,L;

lNJ; ;]WL :+L GDFh GYL 5-L XSTL T[ JFT U,T K[4 A<S[ H[8,F lNJ;

,MCL VFJ[ T[8,F lNJ; GDFh DFO K[P T[ 5KL U];, SZLG[ GDFh 5-J]\

H~ZL K[P ò—OTFJF DCD}lNiIC˜ o !& q !&Zó

ò)Zó S;]JFJ0GL CF,TDF\ U];,GM C]SD


S;]JFJ0 Y. ÔI TM T[GF A[ ÝSFZ K[ o

ò!ó Ô[ UE"DF\ DFGJLGF XZLZGF V\UMDF\YL SM. V\U4 NFB,F TZLS[ o

CFY4 5U4 VF\U/L4 GB VYJF JF/ JU[Z[ N[BFTF CMI TM XZ.

ZLT[ T[ .g;FGGF C]SDDF\ K[P Ô[ S;]JFJ0GF ;DI[ ÒJ AFSL CTM

T[ 5KL ÒJ GLS/L UIM TM ALÔ .g;FGMGL H[D T[G[ U];, VG[

SOG T[[DH HGFhCGL GDFh 5-LG[ NOG SZJFDF\ VFJX[P

T[ 5KL H[ ,MCL VFJX[ T[ lGOF; SC[JFX[P H[YL V[JL :+LYL

GDFh DFO Y. HX[P VG[ ZMhCGL ShF 5FK/YL SZX[P

òZó Ô[ T[ UE"DF\ DFGJLGF SM. V\U N[BFTF G CMI4 NFB,F TZLS[ o

DF+ ,MCL H CMI4 VYJF DF+ DF\;GM 8]S0M CMI TM T[GF DF8[

U];, VG[ SOGGM C]SD GYLP VG[ SFINF ÝDF6[ NOG SZJFGM

56 C]SD GYLP sDF+ DF8LDF\ NF8L N[JFGM C]SD K[Pf

VF 5lZÂ:YlTDF\ S;]JFJ0 5KL VFJGFZ]\ ,MCL lGOF; SC[JFX[

GCLP V,A¿4 Ô[ T[GFYL 5C[,F\ DFl;S VFJLG[ 5\NZ lNJ;

VYJF JWFZ[ Y. UIF CMI VG[ VF ,MCL VMKFDF\ VMK]\ +6

lNJ; VFJ[ TM DFl;SG]\ ,MCL SC[JFX[P VG[ DFl;SGF VCSFD T[

:+LG[ ,FU] 50X[P ,MCL A\W YJF 5KL T[ :+L 5Z U];, SZJ]\

H~ZL YX[P

VG[ Ô[ CH] 5\NZ lNJ; DFl;SGF G YIF S[ S;]JFJ0 Y. U.

VYJF S;]JFJ0 5KL +6 lNJ;YL VMK]\ ,MCL VFjI]\ TM T[ ,MCLG[

.Â:TCFhCG]\ ,MCL SCLX]\P

ò—.dNFN],Ÿ OTFJF˜ o ! q (#ó

9 U ] ; , G ] \ A I F GU ] ; , G ] \ A I F GU ] ; , G ] \ A I F GU ] ; , G ] \ A I F G

ò)#ó Dh L VG[ WFT GLS/JFYL U];,

SM.G[ DhL VG[ WFTGM ZMU CMI4 NFB,F TZLS[ o 5[XFA SZJF 5C[,F\

VYJF 5KL WFT GLS/[ K[ TM V[GFYL U];, JFlHA G YX[P V,A¿4

J]h}GL CF,TDF\ GLS/JFYL J]h} T}8L HX[P

S50F\GF H[ EFU 5Z sDhL VG[ WFTf ,FU[ T[ GF5FS Y. HX[P

Ô[ lNZCD s~l5IFf SZTF\ JWFZ[ ,FU[,L K[ TM T[G]\ WMJ]\ Oh" K[P H[YL V[

S50F\ 5C[ZLG[ GDFh 5-J]\ N]Z]:T GYLP

Ô[ lNZCD H[8,L ,FU[,L CMI TM sS50]\f WMJ]\ JFlHA K[P Ô[ V[ H

CF,TDF\ GDFh 5-L TM GDFh Y. HX[4 56 DS~C[ TCZLDL YX[P

Ô[ V[S lNZCDYL VMKL CMI TM T[G]\ WMJ]\ ;]gGT K[P

ò)$ó NZZ MH V[ClT,FD slJI":B,G4:J%GNMQFfYFI TM X]\ SZ [ m

SM.G[ ZMUGF SFZ6[ NZZMH V[ClT,FD slJI":B,G4 :J%GNMQFf

YTM CMI VG[ NZZMH GCFJFDF\ TS,LO YTL CMI TM T[GF DF8[ H~ZL K[ S[ o

Ô[ 9\0F 5F6LYL U];, G]S;FGSTF" CMI TM UZD 5F6LGL jIJ:YF SZ[

VG[ T[GFYL U];, SZ[P

Ô[ UZD 5F6LYL 56 sU];, SZJFYLf ZMU YJFGM VYJF JWJFG]\

ÝA/ VG]DFG CMI VYJF UZD 5F6LGL jIJ:YF G CMI TM TIdD]D


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SZLG[ OHZGL GDFh VNF SZ[4 VG[ T0SM GLS/JF 5KL sVYF"TŸ H[

;DI[ U];, SZJ]\ G]S;FGSFZS G CMI tIFZ[f U];, SZL ,[P T[ GDFhG[

OZLYL 5-JFGL H~ZT GYLP

ò—OTFJF NFZ],Ÿ p,}D˜ o ! q Z5(4 —U]lGIC˜ o &$ó

ò)5ó bJFA JUZ V[SvA[ 8L5F\ 5F6LGFGLS/L ÔI

DhL sÝD[CfGF ZMUDF\ SIFZ[S V[J]\ 56 YFI K[ S[ HIFZ[ SM.

DF6; JWFZ[ YFS[,M CMI VYJF 9\0L JWFZ[ CMI TM ;}.G[ µ9TF\ H VYJF

VD]S 0U,F\ RF,JFYL 5[XFAGF DFU"YL lJI"GL H[D 38 ;O[N 5F6L GLS/L

50[ K[4 Ô[ S[ T[6[ SM. bJFA 56 Ô[IM GYLP TM VF 5lZÂ:YlTDF\ U];,

JFlHA G YX[P SFZ6 S[ OSLCMG[ tIF\ T[GM NFB,M VF D/[ K[ S[ SM.G[ JW]

JHG p9FJJFGF SFZ6[ SFDvJF;GF JUZ lJI" GLS/L VFJ[ TM U];,

JFlHA GYL YT]\P H[YL VCÄIF 56 U];, JFlHA G YX[P V,A¿4 J]h}GL

CF,TDF\ CMI TM J]h} T}8L HX[P

ò)&ó V[lGDF òEnemaó sU]NF JF8[ NJF S[l5RSFZ LYL D/ ;FO SZJFfYL U];,

JFlHA GYL

JW] TLJ|TD SAlHIFTGL CF,TDF\ V[lGDFGL H~ZT 50[ K[ VG[

SIFZ[S l5¿FXIGM V[S;vZ[ SZJM CMI tIFZ[ 56 V[lGDFGL GMAT VFJ[

K[4 H[GL ZLT VF K[ S[ 5FK/GF DFU"YL G/L DFZOT[ VF\TZ0FDF\ 5F6L

5CM\RF0JFDF\ VFJ[ K[ 5KL T[ 5F6L ACFZ GLS/L VFJ[ K[P ACFZ GLS/[,]\

5F6L GF5FS VG[ V5lJ+ K[ V[8,F DF8[ S50F\ VG[ XZLZGF H[ EFU 5Z

,FUL ÔI TM T[G]\ WMJ]\ H~ZL K[ VG[ J]h} 56 T}8L HX[P V,A¿4 U];,

JFlHA G YX[P

ò)*ó IMlGDF\ NJF GF\BJFYL U];,

:+LV[ IMlGDF\ NJF 85SFJLP

VYJF CFY J0[ NJF D}SLP

VYJF G;" VYJF 0MS8Z[ NJF D}SLP

VYJF UEF"XIG]\ 5ZL1F6 SI]ÅP

TM V[GFYL U];, JFlHA G YX[P V,A¿4 VF\U/L V\NZ ;]WL

5CM\RL VYJF NJF V\NZ H.G[ ACFZ VFJL U. TM J]h} T}8L HX[P

ò—OTFJF NFZ],Ÿ p,}D˜ o ! q !&(ó

ò)(ó lGZ MWGM p5IMU SZJFYL U];,JFlHA YX[ S[ GCÄ m

;\EMUYL U];, JFlHA YJFGM SFINM VF K[ S[ 5]~QFGL ;M\5FZL

sÃ,UGM BtGF SZ[,M VU| EFUf :+LGL IMlGDF\ NFB, Y. ÔI TM AgG[

s:+L4 5]~QFf 5Z U];, JFlHA Y. HX[P RFC[ ;M\5FZL 5Z 5FT/]\ S50]\ S[D

G ,FU[,]\ CMI4 H[YL lGZMWGM p5IMU SZJFYL 56 AgG[ 5Z U];, JFlHA

YX[P

CNL;[ GAJL K[ o

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SZ[,M VU| EFUf IMlGDF\ NFB, Y. ÔI TM U];, JFlHA Y.

HX[4 RFC[ lJI":B,G YI]\ CMI S[ G YI]\ CMIP˜˜ ò—TCTFJL˜ o 5$ó

ò))ó :+LGL IMlGDF\ .gH[SXG NFB, SZ LUEF"XIDF\ lJI" 5CM\RF0JFYL

U];, VG[ J]h }GM C]SD

8[:8 8I}A s5wWlTYL AF/S 5[NF SZJF DF8[f .gH[SXG DFZOT[

:+LGF UEF"XIDF\ IMlGGF DFU"YL lJI" 5CM\RF0JFDF\ VFJ[ K[ V[GFYL

U];, JFlHA YJFGL AFATDF\ B],F;M VF K[ S[ o

Ô[ T[ SFI"YL :+LDF\ JF;GF pt5gG Y. U. TM U];,G]\ JFlHA YJ]\

ZFlHC K[P

VG[ Ô[ JF;GF lA<S], pt5gG G Y. TM U];, JFlHA GYLP V,A¿4

U];, SZL ,[JFDF\ ;FJR[TL K[P

Ô[ VF SFI" 0MS8Z DFZOT[ SZJFDF\ VFJ[ TM JF;GFGL XSITF JWFZ[ K[P

bIF, ZC[ S[ 5lTGF l;JFI 0MS8ZYL VF SFI" SZFJJ]\ lA<S],

CZFD K[P

T[GL ;\5}6" lJUT DF8[ JF\RM o

—OTFJF ZCLlDiIC˜ spN}"f o & q Z(!

—OTFJF ZCLlDiIC˜ spN}"f o * q #5$

—.,FH VG[ p5RFZGF XZ. VCSFD˜ o

8[:8 8I}A A[ALGF D;F., o 5FG]\v!*# YL !*(

10 J ] h } T } 8J F G ] \ A I F GJ ] h } T } 8J F G ] \ A I F GJ ] h } T } 8J F G ] \ A I F GJ ] h } T } 8J F G ] \ A I F G

ò!__ó .gH[SXGYL J]h } T}8L ÔI S[ GlC m

.gH[SXGYL J]h} T}8JFGM VFWFZ ,MCLGF GLS/JF 5Z K[P H[YL

,MCLGF GLS/JF VYJF SF-JFYL J]h} T}8JFGM SFG}G DF˜,}D CMJM Ô[.V[

VG[ T[ VF K[ S[ o

Ô[ ,MCL V[8,F ÝDF6DF\ GLS?I]\ S[ T[G[ 5MTFGL HuIFV[ V[D H ZC[JF

N[T[ TM JCL HT[4 TM V[GFYL J]h} T}8L HX[P

VG[ Ô[ ,MCL V[8,F ÝDF6DF\ G GLS?I]\ TM T[GFYL J]h} GlC T}8X[P

VF lJUTMG[ ;FD[ ZFBLG[ .gH[SXGYL J]h} T}8JFGM D;V,M

wIFGDF\ ZFBM o

.gH[SXG +6 ZLT[ VF5JFDF\ VFJ[ K[ o

s!f JZLNL .gH[SXG H[ G;DF\ VF5JFDF\ VFJ[ K[4 H[G[ Intevenos

SC[ K[P

sZf Vh,FTL .gH[SXG4 H[ UMxTDF\ ,UF0JFDF\ VFJ[ K[4 H[G[

Muscullar SC[ K[P

s#f lH<NL .gH[SXG4 H[ RFD0LDF\ ,UF0JFDF \ VFJ[ K[4 H[G [

Subquitenius SC[ K[P

HIFZ[ 0MS8Z G;DF\ .gH[SXG VF5[ K[ TM T[GL ;MI J0[ HIF\ ;]WL

,MCLG[ l;ÃZH s;MIfDF\ B[\RL G ,[ tIF\ ;]WL NJF XZLZDF\ NFB, GYL

SZTFP VG[ T[ ,MCL JC[JFGF ÝDF6 H[8,]\ CMI K[ H[YL JZLNL sG;GFf


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.gH[SXGYL J]h} T}8L HX[P

V[ H SFG}G ÝDF6[ ,MCL 8[:8 SZJF DF8[ .gH[SXG J0[ ,MCL SF-JFYL

56 J]h} T}8L HX[P

UMxT VG[ RFD0LGF .gH[SXGDF\ ;FDFgI ZLT[ ,MCL SF-JFDF\ VFJT]\

GYL4 V[8,F DF8[ T[ .gH[SXGYL J]h} GYL T}8T]\P

Ô[ .gH[SXG VF5JF AF˜N T[ HuIFYL JC[JFGF ÝDF6DF\ ,MCL GLS/L

VFJ[ TM J]h} T}8L HX[P

V[ H ÝDF6[ Ô[ ;FWFZ6 ,MCL GLS/T]\ Zæ]\ VG[ JFZ\JFZ ~YL ;FO SZTM

ZæM VYJF T[ HuIFV[ ~ D}SL NLW]\ VG[ T[ ,MCL JC[JFGF ÝDF6DF\ Y.

ÔI TM T[GFYL 56 J]h} T}8L HX[P

ò—lGhFD],Ÿ OTFJF˜ o ! q $$4 —OTFJF VF,DULZL˜ o ! q &ó

ò!_!ó ,MCL S[ u,}SMhGL AM8, R-FJJFYLJ]h } T}8L ÔI S[ GCÄ m

J]h} T}8JFGM SFINM VF K[ S[ DFGJLGF XZLZDF\YL SM. GF5FS J:T]

ACFZ GLS/L JCL ÔIP

Ô[ ACFZYL SM. J:T] XZLZDF\ NFB, SZJFDF\ VFJ[ TM T[GFYL J]h} GYL

T}8T]\P

H[YL ,MCL S[ u,}SMhGL AM8, R-FJJFYL J]h} GYL T}8T]\P

V,A¿4 Ô[ ;MIGL HuIFYL ,MCL JC[JFGF ÝDF6DF\ GLS/L VFJ[ TM

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lDZUL sJF.4 O[OZ]\ VG[ lC:8LlZIFfGL ALDFZLDF\ ALDFZGF SFGDF\

VhFG VF5JFDF\ VFJ[P

T[ DF6;GF SFGDF\ VhFG VF5JFDF\ VFJ[ H[ VFUDF\ A/L UIM

CMIP

SFGDF\ VhFG VF5JFYL VF AgG[G[ ZFCT YFI K[P

ò—pdNT],Ÿ lOSC˜ o Z q $!ó


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13 G D F h G ] \ A I F GG D F h G ] \ A I F GG D F h G ] \ A I F GG D F h G ] \ A I F G

ò!&#ó U}\UM DF6; GDFh S[JL Z LT[ 5-[ m

GDFhDF\ lSZF˜T SZJ]\ Oh" K[P lSZF˜T JUZ GDFh GYL YTLP

lSZF˜TGM VNGF NZÔ[ VF K[ S[ VFITMG[ hAFGYL V[JL ZLT[ VNF SZ[ S[

T[GM slSZF˜TGMf VJFh 5MT[ ;F\E/L XS[P lN,DF\ H VFITMGM DF+

bIF, ,FJJM SFOL s5}ZT]\f GYLP

V,A¿4 U}\UM DF6; H[G[ lSZF˜T SZJF 5Z lA<S], XÂST G CMI4 T[GF

5Z lSZF˜T Oh" GYLP

V[ H ÝDF6[ TSALZ[ TCZLDF H[ Oh" K[ VG[ T[GF JUZ GDFh YTL GYLP

T[ 56 T[GFYL sU}\UF DF6;YLf DFO K[P DF+ lGiIT SZJFYL T[GL

TSALZ[ TCZLDF Y. HX[P V,A¿4 TSALZ VG[ lSZF˜T SZTL JBT[

hAFGG[ C,FJJ]\ D]:TCA K[P

VF AgG[ J:T]VM l;JFI H[ VZSFGGL VNFIUL 5Z XÂST CMI TM

;CLC ,MSMGL H[D V[ AWF\ VZSFGG[ VNF SZJ]\ H~ZL YX[P

ò—VC;G],Ÿ OTFJF˜ o # q Z)ó

ò!&$ó ,\U0M DF6; GDFh S[JL Z LT[ 5-[ m

GDFhDF\ lSIFD sµEF ZC[J]\f Oh" K[4 56 V[JM DF6; H[G[ SM. 56

ZLT[ lSIFD sµEF ZC[JFf 5Z XÂST G CMI4 T[GF 5Z lSIFD Oh" GYLP

,\U0M DF6; Ô[ T[G[ µEF ZC[J]\ RFC[ NLJF, JU[Z[GF ;CFZ[ XSI CMI

VG[ SM. 56 ÝSFZGM EI G CMI TM T[GF DF8[ µEF ZCLG[ GDFh

5-J]\ ,FlhD VG[ H~ZL K[P VG[ Ô[ µEF ZC[JFDF\ .Ô S[ 50L HJFGM

EI ZC[TM CMI TM A[;LG[ GDFh 5-JFGL U]\Ô.X sK}8f YX[P

ò—OTFJF DCD}lNiIC˜ o Z q Z5$ó

ò!&5ó B}\lWIM sJF\;M J/L UI[,M DF6;f Z ]S}VS[JL Z LT[ SZ [ m

Ô[ SM. B}\lWIFGL SDZ Z]S}VGL CF,T H[8,L J/[,L K[4 TM T[

Z]S}VGF DF8[ 5MTFGF DFYFYL .XFZM SZL ,[P VYF"TŸ DFYFG[ HZF JWFZ[

GDFJL ,[JFYL T[GM Z]S}V VNF Y. HX[P ò—pdNT],Ÿ lOSC˜ o Z q )#ó

ò!&&ó CFY S[ 3}\86 HDLG 5Z D}SJ]\XSI G CMI

Z]S}VGL CF,TDF\ CFY 3}\86 5Z D}SJ]\4 VG[ ;HNCGL CF,TDF\

CFY VG[ 3}\86 HDLG 5Z D}SJF ;]gGT K[P Ô[ SM. phŸZGF SFZ6[ G D}SL

XS[ TM SM. JF\WM GYL4 GDFh VNF Y. HX[P ò—pdNT],Ÿ lOSC˜ o Z q )5ó

ò!&*ó CFY G p9FJL XSTM CMI S[G AF\WL XSTM CMI

TSALZ[ TCZLDFGF ;DI[ SFGGL 8L;L ;]WL AgG[ CFY p9FJJ]\4 V[

H ÝDF6[ CFY N}\8LGF GLR[ AF\WJ]\ ;]gGT K[P Ô[ SM. phŸZGF SFZ6[ CFY G

p9FJL XS[ TM SM. JF\WM GYLP V,A¿4 HIF\ ;]WL p9FJJ]\ XSI CMI tIF\

;]WL p9FJJ]\ AC[TZ K[P V[ H ÝDF6[ CFY AF\WJ]\ D]ÂxS, CMI TM V[D H


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K}8F ZFBJFDF\ SM. JF\WM GYLP ò—pdNT],Ÿ lOSC˜ o Z q !_Zó

ò!&(ó ;HNCDF\ 5U D}SJ]\ XSI G CMI

;HNCDF\ VMKFDF\ VMK]\ V[S VF\U/LG]\ HDLG 5Z ,FU[,L ZC[J]\

H~ZL K[P VF H SFZ6 K[ S[ +6 s#f JBT —;]aCFG<,FC˜ SC[ V[8,M

;DI Ô[ AgG[ 5U ;HNCGL CF,TDF\ HDLGYL p9L ÔI TM ;HNC G

YX[P 56 Ô[ SM. V[S 5UDF\ phŸZ CMI VG[ ;HNCDF\ 5U D}SJF D]ÂxS,

CMI TM V[S 5UG[ êRSL ZFBJ]\ SM. 56 ÝSFZGL SZFCT JUZ Ô.h K[P

V[ H ÝDF6[ Ô[ AgG[ 5UGL VF\U/L phŸZGF SFZ6[ lSa,CGF TZO G CMI

TM 56 SM. JF\WM GYLP ò—pdNT],Ÿ lOSC˜ o Z q )5ó

ò!&)ó 5[XFGL S[ GFS 5Z hBD CMI TM;HNC S[JL Z LT[ SZ [ m

;HCNGL CF,TDF\ HDLG 5Z 5[XFGLGM VD]S EFU ,UF0JM Oh"

K[P VG[ JW] ÝDF6DF\ 5[XFGL D}SJL JFlHA K[P 5Z\T] Ô[ 5[XFGL VG[ GFS

AgG[ 5Z hBD CMI4 TM ;HNC VNF SZJF DF8[ h]SLG[ DFYFYL .XFZM SZL

,[J]\ SFOL s5}ZT]\f K[P

Ô[ DF+ 5[XFGL 5Z hBD CMI4 GFS 5Z SM. TS,LO G CMI4 TM

GFS HDLG 5Z ,UFJJ]\ H~ZL YX[P VF CF,TDF\ .XFZFYL ;HNC SZL ,[J]\

SFOL s5}ZT]\f GYLP VG[ GFSG]\ HDLG 5Z D}SJ]\ T[ ;DI[ ;CLC YX[4 HIFZ[

S[ HDLG JU[Z[YL V[8,F ÝDF6DF\ GFS ,UFJL N[ HIF\ ;]WL GFSGM ;BT

EFU K[P VG[ Ô[ DF+ GFSGF GZD EFUG[ SM. phŸZ JUZ sHDLG 5Zf

D}SIM TM ;HNC VNF G YX[P ò—pdNT],Ÿ lOSC˜ o Z q )#ó

ò!*_ó XCFNTGL VF\U/L p9FJJL XSIG CMI TM X]\ SZ [ m

Ô[ SM. DF6;GM HD6M CFY S5FI[,M CMI4 VYJF ,SJM YI[,M

CMI4 VG[ XCFNTGL VF\U/LG] \ p9FJJ] \ XSI G CMI4 TM TXCŸC]N

sV¿lCiIFTfDF\ —VxCN ] V< , F. , FvC . < , < , FC˜ 5-TL JBT[ 0FAF

CFYGL VF\U/LG[ p9FJJFGL H~ZT GYLP S[D S[ T[GF DF8[ phŸZGF SFZ6[

HD6F CFYGL VF\U/L p9FJJL4 H[ D]:TCA K[4 T[ DFO K[P

ò—.dNFN],Ÿ D]OTLG˜ o ! q #(ó

ò!*!ó ê3 S[ 3[GGF SFZ6[ ZSF˜TGL ;\bIF IFN G ZC[TL CMI TM X]\ C]SD K[ m

Ô[ SM. DF6; ê3 S[ 3[G H[JF ZMUMDF\ ;50FI[,M CMI4 VG[ T[G[

ZSF˜TMGL ;\bIF S[ Z]S}V VG[ ;HNC IFN G ZC[TF CMI4 TM ê3 S[ 3[GGL

CF,TDF\ T[GF 5Z GDFh VNF SZJ]\ H~ZL GYLP A<S[ GDFh KM0L N[JL

Ô[.V[P V,A¿4 T\N]Z:T YJF 5KL T[ GDFhMGL ShF SZJL 50X[P 56 Ô[

SM. DF6; T[G[ AT,FJTM ÔI VG[ T[ 5-L ,[ TM Ô.h K[P VF ZLT[

AT,FJJ]\ TF˜,LD sXLBJ]\vXLBJJ]\f GYL4 A<S[ IFN V5FJJ]\ K[P

VFH C]SD T[ DF6;GM K[ H[G[ JW] J'wW CMJFGF SFZ6[ VSS,

sA]ÂâfDF\ BZFAL VFJL U. CMI4 VG[ ZSF˜TMGL ;\bIF4 Z]S}V VG[ ;HNC

JU[Z[ IFN G ZFBL XSTM CMI4 TM ALÔ DF6;GF AT,FJJFYL T[GL GDFh

N]Z]:T Y. HX[P VG[ Ô[ SM. AT,FJGFZ G D/[4 TM 5MTFGF ÝA/

VG]DFG 5Z VD, SZ[P ò—pdNT],Ÿ lOSC˜ o ! q $_)4 —GOŸp,Ÿ D]OTL˜ó


14 A [ ; L G [ G D F h 5 - J F G ] \ A I F GA [ ; L G [ G D F h 5 - J F G ] \ A I F GA [ ; L G [ G D F h 5 - J F G ] \ A I F GA [ ; L G [ G D F h 5 - J F G ] \ A I F G

ò!*Zó ALDFZ A[;LG[ GDFh SIFZ [ 5-LXS[ K[ m

Oh"4 JFlHA VG[ OHZGL ;]gGT GDFhDF\ lSIFD sµEF ZC[J]\f

Oh" K[P SM. TLJ| phŸZ JUZ lSIFD G SZJ]\ sµEF G ZC[J]\f VG[ A[;LG[

GDFh 5-J] \ N]Z]:T GYLP V,A¿4 TLJ| phŸZGF SFZ6[ A[;LG[ GDFh

5-JFGL .ÔhT K[P

phŸZGM VY" VF K[ S[ ALDFZ V[8,M VXST CMI4 VYJF V[JF

ZMUDF\ ;50FI[,M CMI S[ µEF ZCLG[ GDFh 5-JFDF\ o

SIF\ TM 50L HJFGM4

SM. ALDFZL JWL HJFGM4

DM0[YL ALDFZL ;FZL YJFGM4

GJL ALDFZL YJFGM ÝA/ VG]DFG CMI4

µEF YJFDF\ TLJ| N]oBFJM YJFGM4

RÞZ VFJJFGM ;\EJ CMIP

VG[ NLJF, JU[Z[ 5Z ;Z/TFYL 8[SM ,UFJLG[ µE]\ ZC[J]\ 56

XSI G CMIP TM VF CF,TMDF\ A[;LG[ GDFh 5-JFGL U]\Ô.X sK}8f K[P

56 Ô[ DF+ TSALZ[ TCZLDF sV<,FC] VSAZf SC[JF H[8,M ;DI VYJF

VD]S VFITMGL lT,FJT SZJF H[8,M ;DI µEF ZC[JFDF\ SM. 56

ÝSFZGL TS,LOGM ;\EJ G CMI TM VF8,M ;DI µEF ZC[J]\ H~ZL K[4 T[

5KL H A[;J]\ N]Z]:T YX[P ò—XFDL˜ó

ò!*#ó ;FWFZ6 ALDFZ LG]\ ACFG]\ AGFJLA[;LG[ GDFh 5-J]\

VFHSF, DM8[ EFU[ VF JFT Ô[JFDF\ VFJ[ K[ S[ HIF\ HZF TFJ VFjIM4

VYJF ;FWFZ6 TS,LO Y.4 A[;LG[ GDFh X~ SZL NLWLP Ô[ S[ V[JF

,MSM V[ H Â:YlTDF\ N;v5\NZ lDlG8 A<S[ JWFZ[ ;DI ;]WL µEF

ZCLG[ VCÄ TCÄGL JFTM SIF" SZ[ K[P 5MTFGL H~ZTGF DF8[ N]SFG VG[

AÔZDF\ SM. 56 ÝSFZGL ALS VG[ EI JUZ VFJTF HTF ZC[ K[P

V[ H ÝDF6[ 36F\ ,MSM 8=[.GDF\ SM. 56 SFZ6 JUZ DF+ VF/; VG[

;FWFZ6 EL0GF SFZ6[ A[;LG[ VYJF lSa,C TZO DM-] \ SZJF 5Z

XÂSTDFG CMJF KTF\ SM. ALÒ lNXF TZO DM-]\ SZLG[ GDFh 5-L ,[ K[P

T[D6[ VF JFTYL ARJFGL SF/Ò ,[JL Ô[.V[P SFZ6 S[ XSI CMJF KTF\ o

lSIFD GlC SZJFYL4

lSa,C TZO D]B GlC SZJFYL4 GDFh GYL YTLP

ò—Vu,FT],Ÿ VJFD˜ o !))ó

ò!*$ó DF+ TSALZ SC[ V[8,M ;DI µEM ZCL XSTM CMI TM V[8,M ;DI

lSIFD sµEF ZC[J]\f Oh " K[

GDFhGL CF,TDF\ lSIFD sµEF ZC[J]\f Oh" K[P Ô[ VFBL lSZF˜T

H[8,M ;DI µEF ZC[J]\ XSI G CMI4 TM H[8,M ;DI µEF ZC[JFGL

XÂST CMI4 VMKFDF\ VMKM V[8,M ;DI µEF ZC[J]\ OZlHIFT VG[ H~ZL

K[P


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HIFZ[ S[ DM8F EFUGF ,MSMGM lGID K[ S[ ;\5}6" ZLT[ GDFhDF\

µEF ZC[J]\ VXSI CMI4 VYJF TLJ| TS,LOGM ;AA AGTM CMI4 TM

5C[,[YL H A[;LG[ GDFh 5-JFG]\ X~ SZ[ K[P Ô[ S[ VF ALDFZMDF\ JW]

ÝDF6DF\ V[JF ,MSM CMI K[ S[ GDFh 5-JFGL HuIF ;]WL RF,LG[ VFJ[ K[P

H[GFYL DF˜,}D YFI K[ S[ YM0M ;DI VYJF VMKFDF\ VMKL TSALZ[

TCZLDF sV<,FC] VSAZf µEF Y.G[ SCL XS[ K[4 T[ KTF\ 56 V[J]\ GYL

SZTFP VF 36L DM8L SMTFCL sp654 BFDLf K[P

H[YL Ô[ SM.G[ DF+ µEF ZCLG[ TSALZ SC[JFGL XÂST CMI4

V[YL JW] µEF ZC[JFDF\ TS,LOGL ;\EFJGF CMI TM µEF ZCLG[ TSALZ

SC[J]\ H~ZL YX[P

VG[ Ô[ TSALZGL ;FY[ VD]S VFITMGL lT,FJT H[8,M ;DI 56

µEM ZCL XSTM CMI4 TM V[8,M ;DI µEM ZCLG[ A[;L ÔIP E,[ VFBL

;}ZV[ —OFlTCF˜ VG[ ;}ZC s5-[f V[8,M ;DI µEF ZC[J]\ XSI G CMI4 TM

H[8,M ;DI µEM ZCL XSTM CMI V[8,M ;DI µEM ZC[J]\ H~ZL YX[P

ò—XFDL˜ o ! q Z#_ó

ò!*5ó SM. J:T]GF ;CFZ [ µEF YJ]\ XSI CMITM lSIFD sµEF ZC[J]\f Oh " K[

Ô[ SM.G[ lSIFD sµEF ZC[JFf 5Z ;\5}6" ZLT[ XÂST GYL4 A<S[

µEF ZC[JFDF\ 50L HJFGM VYJF ALÒ SM. TS,LODF\ ;50FJJFGM ;\EJ

K[P V,A¿4 SM. J:T]YL ;CFZM VYJF 8[SM ,UFJLG[ µEF ZC[JFDF\ SM.

EI GYL4 TM V[JF DF6; DF8[ H~ZL K[ S[ NLJF, VYJF YF\E,F S[

V,DFZL sSAF8f JU[Z[ 5Z 8[SM ,UFJLG[ µEM Y.G[ GDFh VNF SZ[P Ô[

;CFZM ,UFJLG[ µEF Y.G[ GDFh 5-JFDF\ SM. EI GYL4 T[ KTF\ 56

A[;LG[ GDFh VNF SZL4 TM T[6[ GDFh OZLYL 5-JL 50X[P SFZ6 S[ H[JL

ZLT[ ;FDgI Â:YlTDF\ lSIFD 5Z XÂST CMJFGL CF,TDF\ lSIFD Oh" K[4 V[

H ÝDF6[ 8[SM ,UFJLG[ µEF YJF 5Z SM. EI JUZ XÂST CMI TM lSIFD

Oh" K[ VG[ Oh" KM0JFYL GDFh GYL YTLP

ò—pdNT],Ÿ lOSC˜ o Z q $_Z4 —XFDL˜ó

ò!*&ó 3ZDF\ µEF ZCL GDFh 5-JF 5Z XÂSTK[ 5Z \T] DÂ:HN HJFGL XÂST GYL

Ô[ SM. DF6; V[ ÝSFZGL ALDFZLDF\ ;50FI[,M CMI4 VYJF

V[8,M VXST VG[ SDhMZ CMI S[ 3ZDF\ µEM Y.G[ GDFh 5-L XS[ K[4

56 DÂ:HNDF\ HDFVTGL ;FY[ GDFh 5-JF ÔI TM V[JM YFS S[ SDhMZL

,FUJF ,FU[ S[ µEF YJ]\ D]ÂxS, Y. ÔI4 TM V[8,F DF8[ S[ HDFVTYL

GDFh VNF SZJ]\ ;]gGT[ D]VSŸSNC VYJF JFlHAGF GÒS K[4 VG[ lSIFD

Oh" K[ VG[ SM. ;]gGT[ D]VSŸSNC S[ JFlHA 5Z VD, SZJF DF8[ Oh"G[

KM0J]\ N]Z]:T GYLP V[8,F DF8[ V[JF ALDFZGF DF8[ H~ZL K[ S[ 3ZDF\ µEM

ZCLG[ GDFh VNF SZ[P V,A¿4 3ZDF\ 3ZJF/FVMGL ;FY[ HDFVTGM

ÝA\W Y. ÔI TM AC[TZ K[P ò—OTFJF ZCLlDiIC˜ spN}"f o # q 5&ó

ò!**ó GDFhGF NZlDIFG lSIFD 5Z S]NZTG ZC[ TM X]\ SZ [ m

T\N]Z:T DF6;[ µEF Y.G[ GDFh X~ SZLP V[ NZlDIFG T[GL

V[JL CF,T Y. U. S[ µEM GYL ZCL XSTMP NFB,F TZLS[ o SM. G;

R-L sB[ \RF.f U.4 TM T[GF DF8[ V[GL U] \Ô.X sK}8f K[ S[ sRF,]


GDFhDF\f A[;LG[ GDFh 5-[P GJ[;ZYL 5-JFGL H~ZT GYLP Ô[ A[;JF

5KL Z]S}V VG[ ;HNC 56 GYL SZL XSTM TM V[ AgG[G[ VNF SZJF DF8[

.XFZM SZL ,[JM 56 SFOL s5}ZTMf YX[P VG[ Ô[ A[;JFGL 56 XÂST G

ZCL CMI TM ;}.G[ .XFZFYL GDFh 5}ZL SZ[P

ò—pdNT],Ÿ lOSC˜ o Z q $_54 —XFDL˜ó

ò!*(ó GDFhGF NZlDIFG lSIFD 5Z S]NZTY. ÔI

SM.V[ phŸZGF SFZ6[ A[;LG[ GDFh X~ SZLP Ô[UFG]Ô[U µEF

YJF 5Z S]NZT Y. U.P NFB,F TZLS[ o G; B[\RFJJFGF SFZ6[ A[;LG[

GDFh 5-L ZæM CTM S[ G; B[\RFJJFG]\ A\W Y. UI]\ VG[ µEF Y.G[

GDFh 5-JF 5Z S]NZT Y. U.4 TM ChZT .DFD VA} CGLOC VG[

ChZT .DFD VA} I};]O ZlCDC]D]<,FCGF D;,S ÝDF6[ AFSLGL ZSF˜TM

µEF Y.G[ VNF SZJL 50X[P ò—pdNT],Ÿ lOSC˜ o Z q $_5ó

ò!*)ó lSIFD4 Z ]S}V VG[ ;HNC SZJFYL VFlHh 5Z \T] A[;JF 5Z S]NZT K[

ALDFZ V[JL ALDFZLDF\ ;50FI[,M K[ S[ lSIFD VG[ Z]S}V TYF

;HNC GYL SZL XSTMP A<S[ T[G[ VNF SZJFYL ALDFZL JWL HJFGM VYJF

DM0[YL ;FZL YJFGM S[ TLJ| TS,LOGM EI CMI VYJF V[ H ÝDF6[ lSIFD

VG[ Z]S}V SZJFYL J]h} T}8L HT]\ CMI4 V,A¿ T[ A[;JF 5Z XÂST WZFJ[

K[ S[ A[;LG[ .XFZFYL GDFh 5-L XS[ K[4 TM V[JF DF6; DF8[ ,FlhD K[ S[

A[;LG[ .XFZFYL GDFh VNF SZ[P ò—pdNT],Ÿ lOSC˜ o Z q $_#ó

ò!(_ó ;LW] A[;J]\ VXSI CMI 5Z \T] 5U O[,FJLG[ A[;J]\ XSI CMI TM 5U

O[,FJLG[ A[;J]\ H~Z L K[

GDFhDF\ ;HNC SZJ]\ Oh" K[ VG[ SM. 56 :J~5DF\ A[;LG[ 56

;HNC SZJ]\ XSI CMI TM ;HNC SZJ]\ H~ZL K[P V[JF ;DI[ ;HNCGF

DF8[ .XFZM SZL ,[J]\ SFOL s5}ZT]\f GYLP H[YL SM.G[ 5U S[ SDZ VYJF

SM. ALÒ TS,LOGF SFZ6[ TXCŸC]N sV¿lCiIFTfDF\ A[;JFGL H[D A[;J]\

XSI G CMI VYJF A[;J]\ XSI TM CMI4 56 V[ ZLT[ A[;JF 5KL ;HNC

SZJFGL XÂST GYL ZC[TL s;HNC G SZL XSTM CMIf4 V,A¿ 5U Ô[

;FD[ S[ HD6Lv0FAL TZO O[,FJL ,[ TM HDLG 5Z ;HNC SZJ]\ VF;FG

VG[ XSI Y. HT]\ CMI4 TM VF Â:YlTDF\ 5U VFDvT[D O[,FJLG[ A[;J]\

,FlhD YX[P VG[ ;HNC SZJ]\ H~ZL YX[P Ô[ VF ZLT[ ;HNC SZJF 5Z

XÂST CMJF KTF\ HDLG 5Z ;HNC G SIM"4 A<S[ .XFZFYL GDFh 5-L TM

GDFh G YX[P ò—TFTFZ BFlGIC˜ o Z q !Z_4

—V,Ÿ A,FU˜ spN}" DFl;Sf4 ZALp:;FGL4 !$!)ó

ò!(!ó A[;LG[ GDFh 5-JFYL J]h } T}8LHT]\ CMI TM X]\ SZ [ m

ALDFZG[ V[JM SM. hBD S[ ALDFZL K[ S[ A[;JFYL ,MCL S[ 5~

JC[JF ,FU[ K[4 HIFZ[ S[ ;}.G[ GDFh 5-JFGL CF,TDF\ ,MCL JU[Z[ JC[T]\

GYLP TM V[8,F DF8[ S[ A[;J]\ GDFhGF Z]SGDF\YL K[P V[8,F DF8[ A[;JF

5Z S]NZTGL CF,TDF\ A[;LG[ GDFh VNF SZJFDF\ VFJ[4 E,[ ,MCL JU[Z[


JC[T]\ S[D G CMIP VF CF,TDF\ ,MCL JC[T]\ CMI V[ Â:YlTDF\ GDFh VNF

SZL ,LWL TM GDFhG[ NMCZFJJ]\ H~ZL GYLP ò—pdNT],Ÿ lOSC˜ o Z q $_(ó

ò!(Zó Z ]S}V4 ;HNC G SZ L XSTM CMI 5Z \T] lSIFD SZ L XSTM CMI TM X]\ C]SD K[ m

Ô[ SM. ALDFZ S[ DF˜h}Z V[JF ZMUDF\ ;50FI[,M K[ S[ Z]S}V4

;HNC GYL SZL XSTM4 VYJF Z]S}V TM SZL XS[ K[ 56 ;HNC GYL SZL

XSTM4 V,A¿ T[ µEM Y. XS[ K[ TM T[GF DF8[ D]:TCA VG[ VOh, VF

K[ S[ A[;LG[ .XFZFYL GDFh 5-[P T[D KTF\ Ô[ µEF Y.G[ .XFZFYL 5-[4

TM 56 Ô.h K[P ò—pdNT],Ÿ lOSC˜ o Z q $_$ó

ò!(#ó µEF ZC[JFYL J]h } T}8L HT]\ CMI TMA[;LG[ 5-[

V[S DF6;G[ µEF ZC[JFGL XÂST K[4 56 T[G[ V[JL ALDFZL

YI[,L K[ S[ µEF ZC[JFYL J]h} T}8L ÔI K[4 NFB,F TZLS[ o 5[XFA GLS/L

VFJ[ K[P VYJF µEF YJFYL ,MCL S[ 5FK/YL CJF GLS/JF ,FU[ K[P

HIFZ[ S[ A[;LG[ GDFh 5-JFYL SM. phŸZ ,FU] GYL YTM4 TM V[JF DF6;

5Z Oh" K[ S[ A[;LG[ GDFh 5-[P HIFZ[ S[ T[ phŸZG[ SM. ALÒ ZLT[ ZMSJF

5Z S]NZT G CMIP V,A¿4 TSALZ[ TCZLDF SC[JF H[8,M ;DI µEF

YJFDF\ J]h} G T}8T]\ CMI TM TSALZ[ TCZLDF µEF Y.G[ SCLG[ 5KL A[;L

ÔIP ò—TFTFZ BFlGIC˜ o Z q !#!4 —pdNT],Ÿ lOSC˜ o Z q $_(ó

ò!($ó Z ]S}V4 ;HNC SZJFYL CJF GLS/TL CMI VYJF 5[XFAGF 8L5F\ GLS/TF

CMI TM X]\ SZ [ m

Ô[ SM. DF6;G[ Z]S}V4 ;HNCDF\ 5[8 5Z NAF6GF SFZ6[ CJF

GLS/TL CMI VYJF s5[XFAGFf 8L5F\ GLS/L VFJTF CMI4 TM V[JM DF6;

A[;LG[ GDFh VNF SZ[P VG[ Z]S}V VG[ ;HNCGF DF8[ .XFZM SZL ,[P

ò—OTFJF ZCLlDiIC˜ o ( q Z!$ó

ò!(5ó A[;LG[ GDFh 5-JFG]\ ;FZ ]\ :J~5SI]\ K[ m

lSIFD sµEF ZC[JFf 5Z S]NZT G CMJFGL CF,TDF\ ALDFZ VG[

DF˜h}Z[ A[;LG[ GDFh 5-JF DF8[ SM. BF; ZLT[ A[;J]\ H~ZL GYL4 A<S[

ALDFZ DF6;G[ H[ ZLT[ VG]S}/ CMI4 V[ H ZLT[ A[;JFGL .ÔhT K[P 56

NMhFG} A[;J]\ sH[ ZLT[ TXCŸC]NvV¿lCiIFTDF\ A[;[ K[f VF;FG CMI TM

NMhFG} A[;J]\ AC[TZ K[P GlCTZ 5,F9L JF/LG[ VYJF H[ ZLT[ VG]S}/

CMI4 T[ ÝDF6[ A[;[P VG[ XSI CMI TM TXCŸC]N sV¿lCiIFTfGF ;DI[

NMhFG} 5Z A[;L ÔIP ò—ACZ˜ o Z q !!#ó

ò!(&ó 8[S ,UFJLG[ A[;J]\ XSI CMI TMA[;J]\ Oh " K[

ALDFZ DF6; Ô[ NLJF,4 TlSIM VYJF SM. VÔ^IM DF6; sH[

T[GL lBNDTGF DF8[ T{IFZ CMIf T[GF 5Z 8[SM VG[ ;CFZM ,UFJLG[ A[;JF


5Z XÂSTDFG K[4 TM T[GF DF8[ Oh" K[ S[ ;CFZM ,UFJLG[ A[;LG[ GDFh

5-[P V[JF DF6; DF8[ ;}.G[ GDFh 5-J]\ D]bTFZ SM, ÝDF6[ Ô.h GYLP

CF\4 ;CFZM ,UFJLG[ A[;J]\ XSI TM K[ 56 ALDFZL JWL HJFGM4 J]h} T}8L

HJFGM JU[Z[GM ;\EJ K[ TM ;}.G[ .XFZFYL GDFh 5-J]\ Ô.h K[P

ò—pdNT],Ÿ lOSC˜ o Z q $_#ó

ò!(*ó 8[S ,UFJLG[ A[;J]\ XSI CMI TMA[;LG[ GDFh 5-J]\ H~Z L K[

ALDFZ DF6; 5MTFGL XFZLlZS SDhMZL VYJF ALDFZLGF SFZ6[

VF;FGL ;FY[ A[;L GYL XSTM4 V,A¿ NLJF, S[ TlSIF JU[Z[YL 8[SM

,UFJLG[ A[;JF S[ A[;F0JF 5Z T[G[ SM. G]S;FG S[ TS,LO GYL YTL VG[

8[SM ,UFJLG[ A[;F0GFZF T[GL lBNDTGF DF8[ T{IFZ ZC[TF CMI4 TM VF

CF,TDF\ ;}.G[ GDFh N]Z]:T G YX[P 8[SM ,UFJLG[ A[;LG[ GDFh VNF

SZJL H~ZL YX[P ò—ACZ˜ o Z q !!#4 —pdNT],Ÿ lOSC˜ o $_#ó

ò!((ó A[;LG[ GDFh 5-JFDF\ Z ]S}V4 ;HNCGL;CLC Z LT

A[;LG[ GDFh 5-JFGL CF,TDF\ D]:TCA VG[ ;CLC ZLT VF K[ S[

5L9 V[8,L h]SFJL N[JFDF\ VFJ[ S[ 5[XFGL 3}\86GL ;FD[ Y. ÔI4 VG[ Ô[

VF8,L DF+FDF\ sh]SFJJLf XSI G CMI TM H[8,L h]SL XS[ V[8,L

h]SFJJL Ô[.V[4 VG[ ;HNC HDLG 5Z SZJ]\ H~ZL K[P 56 Ô[ HDLG 5Z

;HNC G SZL XSTM CMI TM Z]S}V SZTF JWFZ[ h]SJ]\ Ô[.V[P

ò—GOŸp,Ÿ D]OTL J:;F.,˜ o 5&4 —XFDL˜ó

ò!()ó A[;LG[ GDFh 5-JFDF\ Z ]S}V SZTL JBT[lGT\A p9FJ[ S[ GCÄ m

H[ 5lZÂ:YlTVMDF\ A[;LG[ GDFh 5-J]\ Ô.h K[4 T[DF\ Z]S}V SZTL

JBT[ 5[XFGLG[ 3}\86GL ;FD[ SZJFDF\ VFJ[P V[YL JW] h]SJFGL H~ZT

GYLP H[YL lGT\A p9FJJFGL SM. H~ZT GYLP

ò—.dNFN],Ÿ VCSFD˜ o Z q #!5ó

ò!)_ó A[;LG[ GDFh 5-JFDF\ l85F.4 5F8,F S[ TlSIF 5Z ;HNC SZ L XS[ K[ m

SM.G[ V[JL TS,LO CMI S[ A[;LG[ GDFh 5-JFGL CF,TDF\ HDLG

5Z ;HNC GYL SZL XSTM4 V,A¿ T[ V[8,M h]SL XS[ K[ S[ Ô[ ;FD[

l85F.4 5F8,M VYJF SM. AF\S0M S[ ;BT TlSIM D}SL N[JFDF\ VFJ[ TM

T[GF 5Z ;HNC SZJ]\ XSI CMI TM VF AFATDF\ lJUT VF K[ S[ o

H[ HuIFV[ T[ DF6; A[9M K[ T[GL êRF.YL ;HNC SZJFGL HuIF

sl85M.4 5F8,M4 TBT JU[Z[fGL êRF. JW]DF\ JW] A[ ç8 sAFZ

VF\U/LfGF H[8,L CMI TM T[GF 5Z ;HNC SZJ]\ ;CLC A<S[ H~ZL K[P

Ô[ T[GFYL JWFZ[ êRL K[ TM T[GF 5Z ;HNC SZJ]\ ;CLC GYLP T[D KTF\

Ô[ s;HNCf SZL ,LWM TM ;HNC Y. HX[P

VG[ H[ J:T] 5Z ;HNC SZJFDF\ VFJ[ T[ V[JL CMI S[ 5[XFGL T[GF 5Z

8SL XSTL CMI4 VG[ 5[XFGL NAFJJFYL NAFTL G CMI4 NFB,F TZLS[ o

;bT TlSIM JU[Z[P

H[YL ;FD[GF l85F.4 5F8,FGL êRF. !Z sAFZf VF\U/LYL VMKL K[4


_

_

_

_

tIFZ[ TM ;HNC SZJ]\ N]Z]:T K[4 A<S[ HDLG 5Z 5[XFGL G D}SL XSTM

CMI VG[ l85F.4 5F8,F JU[Z[ 5Z s5[XFGLf D}SL XSTM CMI4 TM T[GF

5Z ;HNC SZJ]\ H~ZL YX[P

Ô[ !Z sAFZf VF\U/LYL JWFZ[ êR]\ CMI TM T[GF 5Z ;HNC SZJ]\

D]VTAZ GYL4 A<S[ DFYFGF .XFZFYL ;HNC SZ[P DFGL ,M S[ Ô[ V[JL

êRL J:T] 5Z ;HNC SZL ,LWM TM 56 GDFh Y. HX[P

H[ ÝSFZGF 5F8,F4 l85F. 5Z ;HNC SZJ]\ N]Z]:T K[4 Ô[ V[ H ÝSFZGF

!Z sAFZf VF\U/LGF AZFAZ êRF TlSIF 5Z ;HNC SIM" TM T[GF

D]VTAZ CMJFGL XT" VF K[ S[ T[ V[8,M ;bT CMI S[ 5[XFGL T[GF 5Z

8SL XSTL CMI S[ NAFJJFYL 5[XFGL NAFTL G CMIP Ô[ lA<S], GZD

CMI TM T[GF 5Z ;HNC ;CLC G YX[P

ò!)!ó lSIFD4 Z ]S}V 5Z S]NZT CMI 5Z \T] ;HNC SZJ]\ D]ÂxS, CMI

V[S DF6; µEM Y. XS[ K[P Z]S}V 56 VF;FGLYL SZL XS[ K[P

56 ;HNC GYL SZL XSTM4 VYJF ;HNC SZJFDF\ V;æ TS,LO YTL

CMI4 TM V[JL CF,TDF\ Oh" GDFh A[;LG[ VG[ .XFZFYL Z]S}V VG[ ;HNC

SZLG[ GDFh VNF SZJ]\ Ô.h A<S[ AC[TZ K[P

Ô[ µEM Y.G[ lSIFD SZ[ VG[ Z]S}V SZ[4 5KL ;HNC SZTL JBT[

A[;LG[ DFYFGF .XFZFYL ;HNC SZL ,[ TM 56 N]Z]:T K[P

ò—XFDL˜4 —V,Ÿ A,FU˜ spN}" DFl;Sf ZALp,Ÿ VjJ,4 !$Z_ó

ò!)Zó ;HNC SZJ]\ XSI CMI 5Z \T] TLJ|TS,LO YTL CMI

V[S ALDFZ DF6; ;HNC SZL XS[ K[4 56 s;HNC SZJFDF\f

TLJ| TS,LO YFI K[P VYJF V[S ;HNC SZJF 5KL ALÔ[ ;HNC SZJM

D]ÂxS, Y. HTM CMI4 TM VF CF,TDF\ DFYFGF .XFZFYL ;HNC SZL ,[JM

SFOL s5}ZTMf YX[P ò—XFDL˜ó

ò!)#ó 5U ,\AFJLG[ A[;J]\

Ô[ 5U S[ SM. ALÔ V\UDF\ V[JL TS,LO CMI S[ D:G}G TZLSFGL

;FY[ A[;LG[ ;HNC SZJ]\ XSI G CMI4 56 ;FD[GL TZO S[ HD6L VYJF

0FAL TZO 5U ,\AFJLG[ ;HNC SZL XSTM CMI4 TM T[GF DF8[ A[;LG[

.XFZFYL GDFh 5-J]\ Ô.h GYLP SFZ6 S[ SM. 56 CF,TDF\ A[;LG[

;HNC SZJFGL Ô[ S]NZT CMI TM ;HNC SZJ]\ H~ZL K[P ;HNC SZJFGL

S]NZT CMJF KTF\ .XFZFYL ;HNC SZJ]\ N]Z]:T GYLP T[GFYL GDFh G YX[P

ò—V,Ÿ A,FU˜ o !$Z_ lCHZL;G4 —TCFJL˜ o #!(ó

ò!)$ó A[;LG[ GDFh 5-JFGL Z LT

TXCŸC]N sV¿lCiIFTfDF\ A[;JFGM H[ D:G}G TZLSM K[4 Ô[ V[

TZLSF ÝDF6[ A[;J]\ XSI CMI TM T[ H ÝDF6[ A[;J]\ Ô[.V[P 56 Ô[ V[

TZLSF ÝDF6[ A[;J]\ D]ÂxS, CMI TM H[ ZLT[ VF;FGL CMI4 T[ ÝDF6[ A[;[P

ò!)5ó êRF TlSIF S[ AF\S0F 5Z ;HNC SZJ]\

ALDFZ DF6; HDLG 5Z ;HNC GYL SZL XSTM4 TM .XFZF J0[

3} \86GF AZFAZ VYJF T[GFYL VMK]\ H[8,] \ h]SL XSTM CMI4 T[8,F


_

_

ÝDF6DF\ DFY]\ h]SFJJ]\ H~ZL K[P CJ[ Ô[ TlSIM VYJF ALÒ SM. J:T] D}SL

N[JFDF\ VFJL4 VG[ T[6[ T[ J:T] 5Z ;HNCDF\ 5[XFGL D}SL4 TM Ô[ TlSIM T[

H lDSNFZ sÝDF6fGM K[ TM GDFh N]Z]:T Y. HX[P

VG[ Ô[ TlSIM JWFZ[ ÝDF6DF\ êRM CMJFGF SFZ6[ H[8,]\ h]SJ]\

XSI CT]\4 T[8,]\ G h]SL XSIM4 TM TlSIM Oh"GL DF+F H[8,M h]]SJFDF\

Z]SFJ8 AgIM4 V[8,F DF8[ GDFh N]Z]:T G YX[P

ò—OTFJF ZCLlDiIC˜ spN}"f o $ q Z))ó

ò!)&ó TlSIM p5Z êRSLG[ ;HNC SZJ]\

;HNC SZJF 5Z S]NZT G CMJFGF SFZ6[ Ô[ SM. lA<S], G h]]S[

VG[ DF+ TlSIF JU[Z[ êRSLG[ 5[XFGL ,UFJL N[4 TM T[GFYL ;HNC ;CLC

G YX[P CF\4 Ô[ XÂST VG];FZ h]SIM TM ;HNC VNF Y. HX[P

ò—OTFJF VaN],Ÿ CI˜ o Z!(ó

ò!)*ó DFYFGF .XFZFYL GDFh SIFZ [ 5-L XS[ m

ALDFZ V[JL BTZGFS ALDFZLDF\ ;50FI[,M K[ S[ Ô[ µEM Y.G[

S[ A[;LG[ Z]S}Vv;HNC SZLG[ GDFh VNF SZ[ K[ TM o

ALDFZL JWL HX[P

VYJF DM0[YL ;FZL YX[P

VYJF ALÒ SM. ALDFZL ,FU] Y. HX[P

VYJF 50L HX[P

DT,A S[ SM. G SM. G]S;FG VG[ .Ô YJFG]\ ÝA/ VG]DFG K[P

V,A¿4 ;}TF ;}TF DFYFGF .XFZF J0[ GDFh VNF SZJ]\ XSI K[

VG[ SM. G]S;FGGM EI GYL4 TM DFYFGF .XFZF J0[ GDFh VNF SZL ,[J]\

SFOL s5}ZT]\f K[P

ò!)(ó VF\BGF VM5Z [XG 5KL GDFh S[JLZ LT[ 5-[ m

DMlTIM VYJF ALÒ SM. ALDFZLGF SFZ6[ VF\BGF VM5Z[XG 5KL

0MS8ZGL VF VFU|C5}J"S ;,FC CMI K[ S[ JWFZ[ C,GvR,G G

CMI4 BF; SZLG[ h]SJ]\4 ;HNCDF\ HJ]\ JU[Z[ T[G[ 36]\ G]S;FGSTF"

ATFJ[ K[P Ô[ BZ[BZ Z]S}V VG[ ;HNC SZJFYL VF\BG[ G]S;FG

5CM\RX[ VYJF Ô[.V[ V[8,M OFINM G YX[4 TM V[JL 5lZÂ:YlTDF\

HIF\ ;]WL G]S;FGGM EI CMI4 A[;LG[ GDFh VNF SZL XS[ K[P Z]S}V

VG[ ;HNC DFYFGF .XFZFYL SZJFDF\ VFJ[P V,A¿4 ;HNCGM

.XFZM Z]S}V SZTF\ JWFZ[ h]SLG[ YJM Ô[.V[P

VG[ Ô[ V[SvA[ lNJ; VYJF VD]S S,FS ;]WL lA:TZDF\YL p9J]\

56 G]S;FGSTF" CMI4 TM ;}TF ;}TF DFYFGF .XFZFYL GDFh VNF

SZL ,[P 5FK/YL GDFhG[ NMCZFJJFGL H~ZT GYLP

ò—OTFJF ZCLlDiIC˜ o * q ZZ!ó

GM\W o vV[JM DF6; J]h} S[JL ZLT[ SZX[4 T[GL :5Q8TF D;CGF AIFGDF\

H]VMP òÝSZ6 o &4 ÊDF\S o 5* YL *$ó

ò!))ó VM5Z [XG 5KL DFYFYL .XFZ M SZJ]\ 56D]ÂxS, CMI

Ô[ SM. DF6; DFYFGF .XFZFYL 56 GDFh GYL 5-L XSTM4


____

ò!ó

òZó

VYJF .XFZM TM SZL XS[ K[ 56 0MS8Z[ ;bTLYL DGF. SZ[,L K[P TM V[JL

CF,TDF\ GDFh ShF SZL N[P sGDFhf ShF SZJFGM U]GMC G YX[P

ò—OTFJF DCD}lNiIC˜ o Z q ZZ$ó

òZ__ó VM5Z [XG 5KL SZJ8 s50B]\f AN,J]\ XSI G CMI

XZLZGF SM. 56 EFUDF\ VM5Z[XG YI]\P VG[ T[DF\ p9J]\vA[;J]\

A<S[ SZJ8 AN,J]\ 56 G]S;FGSTF" CMI TM ;}TF\ ;}TF\ H[ ZLT[ XSI CMI

GDFh 5-L ,[J]\ SFOL s5}ZT]\f K[P ò—OTFJF DCD}lNiIC˜ o !& q $!*ó

òZ_!ó VF\BGF .XFZFYL GDFh 5-J]\

VF\BGF .XFZFYL GDFh N]Z]:T GYLP H[YL Ô[ DF˜h}Z DF6;

DFYFGF .XFZFYL GDFh GYL 5-L XSTM4 TM T[GF DF8[ GDFh DFO K[P

VF\BYL .XFZF SZJFGL H~ZT GYL4 A<S[ GDFh G YX[P

ò—OTFJF DCD}lNiIC˜ o 5 q $_Zó

òZ_Zó HDLG S[ B]Z;L 5Z A[;LG[ GDFh 5-GFZFVMGF ;HNCGF D;V,FVM

HDLG 5Z A[;LG[ GDFh 5-GFZFVMGF ;HNCGF +6 ÝSFZM CM.

XS[ K[ o

HDLG 5Z A[;LG[ GDFh 5-GFZF DF8[ HDLG 5Z ;HNC SZJ]\ VG[

HDLG 5Z 5[XFGLG]\ D}SJ]\ XSI K[ TM HDLG 5Z ;HNC SZJ]\ ,FlhD

VG[ H~ZL K[P HDLG 5Z ;HNC SZJF JUZ ;HNCGF DF8[ .XFZM

SFOL s5}ZTMf G YX[P

HDLG 5Z A[;LG[ GDFh 5-GFZFVM DF8[ HDLG 5Z ;HNC SZJ]\

XSI GYL4 VYJF XSI TM K[ 56 0MS8Z[ 5[XFGL HDLG 5Z D}SJFG[

VG[ ;HNC SZJFG[ ;bT G]S;FGSTF" AT,FjI]\ CMI TM 5KL T[GF A[

ÝSFZ YX[ o

Ô[ HDLGGL ;5F8LYL A[ è8 = !Z sAFZf VF\U/LGL êRF.

;]WL h]SL XSTM CMI VG[ l85F. JU[Z[ D}SLG[ ;HNC SZJ]\ XSI

CMI4 G]S;FGSTF" G CMI4 TM V[JL l85F. S[ GFGF :8}, S[ ALÒ

SM. ;bT J:T] D}SJ]\ H[GL êRF. HDLGGL ;5F8LYL VYJF

B]Z;L 5Z A[9M K[ TM A[;JFGL HuIFYL !Z sAFZf VF\U/L

VYJF T[GFYL VMKL CMJL H~ZL YX[P VG[ T[GF 5Z ;HNC

SZJ]\ ,FlhD YX[P DF+ DFYFGF .XFZFYL ;HNC SZJ]\ SFOL

s5}ZT]\f G YX[P

VG[ Ô[ HDLGGL ;5F8L VYJF B]Z;L 5Z A[;JFGL ;5F8LYL

!Z sAFZf VF\U/LGL êRF. ;]WL h]SJ]\ XSI G CMI4 A<S[

G]S;FGSTF" CMI4 V,A¿ T[GFYL JWFZ[ êRL l85F. JU[Z[ 5Z

5[XFGL D}SJL VG[ ;HNC SZJ]\ XSI CMI TM V[JF DF6;GF

DF8[ ;FD[ !Z sAFZf VF\U/LYL JW] êR]\ 8[A, JU[Z[ D}SJ]\

H~ZL GYL4 A<S[ DFYFGF .XFZFYL HIF\ ;]WL h]SL XSTM CMI4

tIF\ ;]WL h]SLG[ ;HNCGM .XFZM SZL ,[J]\ SFOL s5}ZT]\f YX[P

A[ ç8 = !Z sAFZf VF\U/L H[8,F VYJF T[GFYL VMKL êRF.JF/L

l85F. JU[Z[ 5Z ;HNC SZJ]\ XSI G CMI TM DFYFGF .XFZFYL

Z]S}Vv;HNC SZJ]\ ,FlhD YX[4 V,A¿ Z]S}VGF .XFZF SZTF\

;HNCGM .XFZM JWFZ[ GLRM YJM Ô[.V[P

ò—pdNT],Ÿ lOSC˜ o Z q Z&&4 —XFDL˜ o & q )(ó


ò!ó

òZó

ò#ó

òVó

òAó

15 B ] Z ; L 5 Z G D F h 5 - J F G ] \ A I F GB ] Z ; L 5 Z G D F h 5 - J F G ] \ A I F GB ] Z ; L 5 Z G D F h 5 - J F G ] \ A I F GB ] Z ; L 5 Z G D F h 5 - J F G ] \ A I F G

òZ_#ó B]Z;L 5Z A[;LG[ GDFh 5-JFGF ÝSFZ M

H[ DF6;DF\ lSIFD4 Z]S}V4 ;HNC SZJFGL XÂST CMI4 VYF"TŸ V[

ZLT[ GDFh 5-JFYL ALDFZL JWL HJFGM4 ALDFZL DM0[YL ;FZL YJFGM

VYJF 50L HJFGM4 RSSZ VFJJFGM S[ TLJ| N]oBFJFGM EI G CMI4

TM VF CF,TDF\ µEF Y.G[ SFIN[;Z Z]S}V VG[ ;HNC SZLG[ GDFh

VNF SZJ]\ Oh" K[P B]Z;L 5Z A[;LG[ GDFh G YX[P

Ô[ lSIFD SZJF 5Z S]NZT G CMI4 56 Z]S}V VG[ ;HNC SZJFGL

;\5}6" XÂST CMI4 TM T[GF DF8[ HDLG 5Z A[;LG[ SFIN[;Z h]SLG[

Z]S}V VG[ ;HNC SZJ]\ H~ZL K[P T[GF DF8[ A[;LG[ DF+ .XFZF

VYJF ;FWFZ6 DF+FDF\ Z]S}V VG[ ;HNCGF DF8[ h]SJ]\ SFOL s5}ZT]\f

G YX[P

V[ H ÝDF6[ V[JM DF6; B]Z;L 5Z A[;LG[ 56 GDFh VNF SZL XS[

K[4 56 V[8,F DF8[ S[ Z]S}V VG[ HDLG 5Z ;HNC SZJFGL XÂST

CTLP V[8,F DF8[ SFIN[;Z Z]S}V VG[ ;HNC SZJ]\ 50X[[P V[GF JUZ

DF+ .XFZFYL Z]S}V VG[ ;HNC SZJ]\ SFOL s5}ZT]\f G YX[P B]Z;L

5Z A[;JFGL CF,TDF\ ;HNC SZJFGL ZLT VF CX[ S[ ;FD[ SM.

8[A,v:8}, D}SL N[P VG[ T[GF 5Z ;HNC SZ[P V,A¿4 T[DF\ XT" VF

K[ S[ 8[A,4 :8}, êRF.DF\ B]Z;LGF AZFAZ VYJF JW]DF\ JW] V[S S[

A[ è8 = !Z sAFZf VF\U/L êRF CMI4 SFZ6 S[ V[YL JWFZ[ êRL

HuIF 5Z ;HNC SZJ]\ N]Z]:T GYLP

VG[ Ô[ µEF YJFGL XÂST GYL4 VG[ Z]S}V VG[ ;HNC SZJFGL

XÂST 56 GYL4 TM V[JM DF6; B]Z;L 5Z A[;LG[ .XFZFYL Z]S}V

VG[ ;HNC SZLG[ GDFh VNF SZL XS[ K[P VFJL 5lZÂ:YlTDF\ 8[A,

JU[Z[ D}SJFGL SM. H~ZT GYLP V,A¿4 Z]S}V SZTF\ ;HNCGM

.XFZM YM0M JWFZ[ GLRM YJM Ô[.V[P H[YL AgG[DF\ TOFJT Y. XS[P

Ô[ SM. DF6;G[ Z]S}V VG[ ;HNC SZJFGL XÂST GYL4 56 µEF

YJFGL XÂST K[4 TM V[JM DF6; 56 B]Z;L 5Z A[;LG[ GDFh

.XFZFYL 5-L XS[ K[P VF 5lZÂ:YlTDF\ T[GL ;FD[ 8[A, JU[Z[ D}SJ]\

H~ZL GYLP

H[ 5lZÂ:YlTVMDF\ A[;LG[ GDFh 5-J]\ N]Z]:T K[4 Ô[ TSALZ[ TCZLDF

SC[JF AZFAZ VYJF VFBL lSZF˜T SZJF AZFAZ VYJF VD]S

VFIT 56 5-JF H[8,M ;DI µEF ZC[JFGL XÂST CMI4 V[8,M

;DI µEF ZC[J] \ G]S;FGSFZS G CMI4 TM V[8,M ;DI lSIFD

sµEF ZC[J]\f H~ZL K[P A[;LG[ TSALZ[ TCZLDF SC[J]\ N]Z]:T G YX[P

ò—OTFJF NFZ],Ÿ p,}D SZF\RL˜

DFl;S o —V,Ÿ A,FU˜4 ZALp,Ÿ VFBZ4 !$!) lCHZL;Gf

òZ_$ó 8[A, D}SJ]\ SIFZ [ H~Z L K[ m

Ô[ SM. DF6; DF+ lSIFD sµEF ZC[JFf 5Z XÂST WZFJTM

GYLP V,A¿4 T[ HDLG 5Z Z]S}V VG[ ;HNC SZL XSTM CMI4 TM T[GF

DF8[ B]Z;L 5Z VYJF HDLG 5Z A[;LG[ GDFh 5-J]\ Ô.h K[P 56 T[[6[

SFIN[;Z Z]S}V VG[ ;HNC SZJ]\ H~ZL K[P DF+ .XFZFYL Z]S}V4 ;HNC

SZJ]\ Ô.h GYLP T[GFYL GDFh G YX[P H[YL B]Z;L S[ :8}, 5Z A[;LG[

GDFh 5-JFGL CF,TDF\ ;FD[ 8[A, JU[Z[ D}SLG[ T[GF 5Z ;HNC SZJ]\ Oh"

K[P V,A¿4 T[DF\ VF H~ZL K[ S[ T[ 8[A, êRF.DF\ B]Z;L S[ :8}, H[8,]\


ò!ó

òZó

ò#ó

ò$ó

ò5ó

ò&ó

CMIP Ô[ B]Z;LYL êR]\ CMI TM V[S S[ A[ è8 = !Z VF\U/LYL JWFZ[ êR]\

G CMI4 SFZ6 S[ T[GFYL JW] êRF.JF/L 8[A, 5Z XÂST WZFJGFZGF DF8[

;HNC SZJ]\ N]Z]:T GYLP

ò—V,Ÿ A,FU˜4 ZALp,Ÿ VFBZ4 !$!) lCHZL;Gó

òZ_5ó 8[A, D}SJ]\ SIFZ [ H~Z L GYL m

H[ DF6; HDLG S[ B]Z;L 5Z A[;LG[ GDFh 5-JF 5Z XÂST

WZFJTM CMI4 56 ;HNC HDLG 5Z S[ JWFZ[DF\ JWFZ[ !Z sAFZf VF\U/L

êRL l85F. 5Z SZJF 5Z XÂST WZFJTM G CMI TM T[ DF6; B]Z;L 5Z S[

HDLG 5Z A[;LG[ DFYFGF .XFZF J0[ Z]S}V VG[ ;HNC SZLG[ GDFh VNF

SZL XS[ K[P VF 5lZÂ:YlTDF\ T[GL ;FD[ 8[A, JU[Z[ D}SJ]\ H~ZL GYLP

òDFl;S —V,Ÿ A,FU˜ ZALp,Ÿ VFBZ4 !$!) lCHZL;Gó

GM\W o v

JT"DFG I]UDF\ ;FWFZ6 ALDFZL VG[ TS,LOGF SFZ6[ B]Z;L 5Z

A[;LG[ .XFZFYL GDFh 5-JFGM lZJFH RF,] Y. UIM K[P HIFZ[ S[ RF,J]\4

OZJ]\4 NM:T lAZFNZMDF\ p9J]\vA[;J]\ A\W GYL YT]\ VG[ V[ SFD D]ÂxS, 56

,FUT]\ GYLP 56 AWL DF˜h}ZL T[ H ;DI[ ÔC[Z YFI K[ HIFZ[ S[ GDFhGM

;DI VFJL ÔI K[P GOŸ;GF CL,FvACFGFG[ V<,FC TVF,F JW] Ô6[ K[P

VG[ T[DF\ ;ÁYL DM8L VF/;F. VF YJF ,FUL S[ DF˜h}ZLGF SFZ6[

HIFZ[ A[;LG[ GDFh 5-JF ,FuIM TM lSIFD sµEF YJFfGL V[8,L DF+F

H[DF\ VF;FGLYL µEM ZCL XS[ K[4 NFB,F TZLS[ o TSALZ[ TCZLDF SC[

V[8,M ;DI VYJF lT,FJT SZL XS[ V[8,M ;DIP T[ KTF \ 56

X~VFTYL H A[;LG[ GDFh 5-JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P HIFZ[ S[ VF ZLT[ GDFh

;CLC GYL YTLP

òZ_&ó DÂ:HNDF\ Ô[ 8[A, D}SJ]\ XSI G CMI

Ô[ SM. DF6; lSIFD sµEF ZC[JFf 5Z XÂST G CMJFGF SFZ6[

B]Z;L 5Z A[;LG[ GDFh 5-[ K[ VG[ 3ZDF\ ;FD[ 8[A, D}SLG[ T[GF 5Z

;HNC SZL XS[ K[4 HIFZ[ S[ DÂ:HNDF\ HDFVTGL ;FY[ GDFh VNF

SZJFDF\ 8[A, D}SJ]\ XSI GYLP VG[ HDLG 5Z ;HNC 56 GYL SZL

XSTMP TM V[JF DF6; DF8[ JFlHA K[ S[ DÂ:HNGL HDFVT KM0L N[P VG[

XSI CMI TM 3ZDF\ HDFVTGL ;FY[ GDFh 5-[P GlCTZ V[S,M 5-[P SFZ6

S[ HDLG 5Z ;HNC SZJFGL XÂST CMJFGF SFZ6[ HDLG 5Z VYJF JW]DF\

JW] !Z sAFZf VF\U/L êRL 8[A, 5Z ;HNC SZJ]\ Oh" K[4 HIFZ[ S[

HDFVTGL ;FY[ GDFh 5-J]\ ;]gGT[ D]VSŸSNC K[P VG[ ;]gGTGF ,LW[

Oh"G[ KM0JFDF\ GYL VFJT]\P H[YL Oh"G[ KM0JFYL D]OŸTF lACL SÁ, ÝDF6[

GDFh G YX[P

ò—OTFJF NFZ],Ÿ p,}D SZF\RL˜4 —XFDL˜4

V,Ÿ A,FU o ZALp,Ÿ VFBZ4 !$!) lCHZL;Gó

òZ_*ó ;HNC DF8[ Ô[ l85FI G CMI

Ô[ SM. Xb; HDLG 5Z TM ;HNC GYL SZL XSTM4 5Z\T] V[8,M h]SL

XS[ K[ S[ HDLGYL ) sGJf çRGL êRF. 5Z 5[XFGL D}SL XS[ K[ TM

V[JF Xb; 5Z ,FlhD K[ S[ ;HNCGL HUFV[ V[JL SM. RLh ZFB[ H[

êRF.DF\ JWFZ[DF\ JWFZ[ ) sGJf çR CMI4 VG[ T[GF 5Z ;HNC SZ[P

Ô[ V[JL RLh DMH}N CMI4 T[GF 5Z ;HNC SZJM XSI CMI4 VG[ KTF\

;]:TL sVF/;f VYJF UO,TGF SFZ6[ .XFZFYL ;HNC SZX[ TM

GDFh G YX[P


m

5Z\T] Ô[ T[ Xb; V[JL HUFV[ K[4 NFB,F TZLS[ o ;OZ sÝJF;fDF\

CMI4 VYJF SM. V[JL DÂ:HN4 V[JF DSFGDF\4 V[JL HUFV[ CMI4

HIF\ VF ÝSFZG]\ :8},4 VYJF l85FI G CMI4 VG[ GDFhGM ;DI Y.

ÔI4 VYJF HDFVTGM ;DI Y. ÔI TM GDFh ShF G SZ[4 VYJF

GDFh KM0LG[ 5FK/ µEM G ZC[4 A<S[ DFYFGF .XFZFYL H ;HNC

SZL ,[4 SFZ6 S[ .g;FG Ô[ 5MTFGF 3Z[ CMI TM V[ XSI K[4 5Z\T] 3Z

l;JFI ;OZDF\ VG[ :YF. CF,TDF\4 NZ[S HUFV[4 VF;FGLYL V[JL

l85FI VYJF :8}, D/JL D]ÂxS, K[4 VG[ T[ 56 ) sGJf çR

AZFAZ CMI4 JWFZ[ G CMI4 V[ TM VMZ D]ÂxS, K[P VG[ VF V[S V[JL

5Z[XFGL K[ H[GM ;CLC V\NFhM DF+ V[JL 5Z[XFGLJF/M H GlC4 A<S[

NZ[S ÃRTGvDGG SZGFZM 56 SZL XS[ K[P

B],F;M s;FZF\Xf VF K[ S[ o HIF\ VF ÝSFZGL l85FI4 :8}, VYJF

ALÒ SM. RLh H[ ;BT CMI VG[ ) sGJf çRGF AZFAZ CMI4 D/L XS[

TM T[GF 5Z ;HNC H~Z SZ[ VG[ Ô[ V[JL RLh G D/[ TM 5MTFGL XÂST

ACFZGF SFZ6[ .XFZFYL ;HNC SZL ,[J]\ SFOL s5}ZT]\f YX[P

òJ< ,FC] VV,D] lA:;JFAó

òZ_(ó H[ S]Z;LGL ;FD[ ;HNC DF8[ 5Fl8I]\ lO8SZ [,]\ CMI

S[8,LS DÂ:HNMDF\ V[JL S]Z;L CMI K[ H[DF\ ;FD[ 8[A, H[J]\ 5Fl8I]\

lO8 SZ[,]\ sH0[,]\f CMI K[ VG[ S]Z;L 5Z GDFh 5-GFZ V[ ;FD[GF 5Fl8IF

p5Z H ;HNC SZ[ K[P TM ;JF, VF K[ S[ V[JF 5Fl8IF p5Z 5[XFGL D}SJL

H~ZL K[ S[ H~ZL GYL m VG[ NZ[S S]Z;L V[JL H CMJL Ô[.V[ m

H[ S]Z;L 5Z 5Fl8I]\ lO8 SZ[,]\ sH0[,]\f K[ T[GF A[ ÝSFZM K[ o

Ô[ S]Z;LGL ;5F8L sS]Z;LGL ;L84 A[9S H[GF 5Z A[;[ K[f T[GF

AZFAZ V[ 5Fl8I]\ CMI VYJF JWFZ[DF\ JWFZ[ V[ 5Fl8I]\ ) sGJf çR

êR]\ CMI4 VG[ T[ GDFhL T[GF 5Z 5[XFGL D}SLG[ ;HNC SZL XS[ K[

TM V[JF TbT s5Fl8IFf 5Z 5[XFGL D}SLG[ ;HNC SZJM ,FlhD

sH~ZLf K[P VG[

Ô[ T[ 5Fl8I]\ ) sGJf çR SZTF\ JWFZ[ êR]\ K[ sH[J]\ S[ Ô[JFDF\ VFjI]\

K[f TM T[GF 5Z ;HNC SZJM lGZY"S GSFD]\ K[P T[GF p5Z ;HNC

SZGFZM DFYFGF .XFZFYL H ;HNC SZGFZM ;DHJFDF\ VFJX[P Ô[

S[ ;HNC Y. HX[P

òJ< ,FC] VV,D] lA:;JFAó

òZ_)ó 8[A, 5Z ;HNC SZJFGL XÂST CMJFKTF\ 8[A, G D}SI]\ TM X]\ SZ [ m

56 T[D KTF\ A[;LG[ DÂ:HNDF\ .XFZFYL GDFh 5-L ,LWL4 TM T[

GDFhMG[ OZLYL 5-JL 50X[ S[ GCÄ m

T[DF\ TO;L, slJUTf VF K[ S[ Ô[ V[ ZLT[ 5-[,L GDFhM 36L

JWFZ[ CMI4 H[GF SFZ6[ T[DG[ OZLYL 5-J]\ D]ÂxS, CMI TM V[8,F DF8[ S[

VD]S OSLCMGF DT VG];FZ lSIFD sµEF ZC[JFf 5Z XÂST ZFBGFZFVM

DF8[ 56 DÂ:HNDF\ A[;LG[ GDFh 5-J]\ N]Z]:T K[P V[8,F DF8[ T[DGF DT

ÝDF6[ sGDFhG[f OZLYL 5-JL H~ZL GYLP 56 ElJQIDF\ VFJ]\ G YFI

T[GL ;FJR[TL NZ[S CF,TDF\ H~ZL K[P

VG[ Ô[ V[ ZLT[ 5-[,L GDFhM V[8,L JWFZ[ G CMI S[ T[ GDFhMG[


m

ò!ó

òZó

OZLYL 5-J]\ D]ÂxS, CMI4 TM D]OŸTF lACL SÁ, ÝDF6[ T[ GDFhMG[ OZLYL

5-J]\ H~ZL K[P

ò—OTFJF NFZ],Ÿ p,}D SZF\RL˜4 —ACZ˜ o ! q Z)Z4

DFl;S o V,Ÿ A,FU4 ZALp,Ÿ VFBZ4 !$!) lCHZL;Gó

òZ!_ó GDFhGF NZlDIFG Z ]S}V4 ;HNC SZJF 5Z S]NZT Y. ÔI

TLJ| ALDFZLGF SFZ6[ Ô[ SM. DF6; .XFZFYL GDFh 5-TM CMI

VG[ T[ H NZlDIFG µEF ZCLG[ GDFh 5-JF 5Z VYJF A[;LG[ Z]S}V VG[

;HNC SZJF 5Z S]NZT Y. ÔI TM V[JF ALDFZGM C]SD VF K[ S[

GJ[;ZYL GDFh 5-[P 56 VF C]SD tIFZ[ K[ HIFZ[ S[ VMKFDF\ VMKF V[S

JBT .XFZFYL Z]S}V VG[ ;HNC SZL R]SIM CMIP T[ 5KL ;\5}6" ZLT[

Z]S}V VG[ ;HNC SZJFGL S]NZT Y. U. CMIP

H[YL Ô[ V[S 56 JBT .XFZFYL Z]S}V VG[ ;HNC G SIF" CMI

VG[ T[GFYL 5C[,F\ V[ AgG[ sZ]S}V4 ;HNCf 5Z S]NZT Y. U.4 TM CJ[

GJ[;ZYL GDFh 5-JFGL H~ZT GYL4 A<S[ GDFh RF,] ZFB[ VG[ Z]S}V

VG[ ;HNC SZLG[ GDFhG[ 5}ZL SZ[P

ò—.<D],Ÿ lOSC˜ o Z q !Z(4 —pdNT],Ÿ lOSC˜ o Z q $_5ó

òZ!!ó ;}.G[ GDFh 5-JFGL Z LT

;}.G[ GDFh 5-JFGL ZLT VF K[ S[ R¿F ;}V[P VG[ 5MTFGF AgG[ 5U

lSa,C TZO O[,FJ[4 VYF"TŸ ALDFZ DF6;G]\ DFY]\ 5}J" lNXF TZO VG[

5U 5Â`RD lNXF TZO CMI4 V,A¿ YM0L XÂST CMI TM 3}\86G[

µEF SZL ,[P VG[ 5U lSa,C TZO G ,\AFJ[P SFZ6 S[ H~ZT JUZ

VF SFD DS~C[ TghLCL K[P T¡ p5ZF\T DFYFGF GLR[ TlSIM D}SL

N[JFDF\ VFJ[4 H[YL A[;JF ;DFG Y. ÔIP VG[ DM-]\ lSa,C TZO Y.

ÔI VG[ Z]S}V4 ;HNCGF DF8[ .XFZM 56 ;FZL ZLT[ SZL XS[P

Ô[ R¿F ;}JFGF AN,[ HD6L VYJF 0FAL TZO ;}. ÔI VG[ DM-]\

lSa,C TZO SZLG[ .XFZFYL GDFh 5-[ TM Ô.h K[P 56 R¿F ;}.G[

GDFh 5-J]\ VJŸ,F VG[ VOh, K[P VG[ 0FAL SZJ8 SZTF\ HD6L

SZJ8[ ;}J]\ VOh, K[P ò—pdNT],Ÿ lOSC˜ o Z q $_5ó

òZ!Zó lSa,C TZO DM-]\ SZJ]\ XSI G CMI

Ô[ SM. ALDFZ SM. ALDFZLGF SFZ6[ lSa,C TZO DM-]\ G SZL

XSTM CMI4 TM T[GF DF8[ lSa,C TZO DM-]\ SZJ]\ H~ZL GYL4 A<S[ H[ lNXF

TZO T[G]\ DM-]\ K[ T[ H T[GF DF8[ lSa,C K[P 56 Ô[ lSa,C TZO DM-]\ SZL

VF5GFZ CFHZ CMI VG[ T[G[ lSa,C TZO DM-]\ SZL VF5JF H6FjIF JUZ

GDFh 5-L ,LWL TM GDFh ;CLC G YX[P VG[ Ô[ sALDFZ DF6;[f Sæ]\4

56 T[6[ T[GF SC[JF D]HA G SI]Å4 TM GDFh N]Z]:T Y. HX[P

ò—.dNFN],Ÿ VCSFD˜ o Z q #!#4 —OTFJF VF,DULZL˜ó


ò!ó

òZó

16 G D F h S h F 5 - J F G ] \ A I F GG D F h S h F 5 - J F G ] \ A I F GG D F h S h F 5 - J F G ] \ A I F GG D F h S h F 5 - J F G ] \ A I F G

òZ!#ó ALDFZGF DF8[ GDFh KM0J]\ SIFZ [Ô.h K[ m

GDFh .DFG VG[ S]ËGF JrR[ TOFJT SZGFZL .AFNT K[P VG[

V<,FC TVF,FGF ~A~ GD|TF VG[ lJGD|TFG]\ DhCZ[ VTdD s5}6"

ÝNX"Gf K[P V[8,F H DF8[ XZLVT[ SM. DÁSF 5Z T[G[ KM0JFG[ 5;\N SI]Å

GYLP VG[ T[G[ KM0JFGL .ÔhT VF5L GYLP

VF H SFZ6 K[ S[ Ô[ SM. ALDFZ DF6; GDFhGF VZSFG VNF

SZJF 5Z ;\5}6" ZLT[ XÂSTDFG G CMI TM 56 T[ D]S<,O K[ S[ 5MTFGL

TFST VG[ XÂST ÝDF6[ GDFh 5-[P 5MT[ VYJF SM. ;CFZF DFZOT[ µEM

G Y. XSTM CMI TM A[;LG[ GDFh 5-[P VG[ Ô[ A[;JFGL XÂST 56 G

CMI TM ;}.G[ DFYFGF .XFZF J0[ GDFh 5-[P

V,A¿4 Ô[ DFYFGF .XFZF J0[ 56 GDFh 5-JFGL XÂST G CMI

TM VF TLJ| DF˜h}ZLGF ;DI[ T[GFYL V[ ;DI[ GDFh 5-JFGM C]SD DFO

Y. ÔI K[P

VF\B S[ VF\BGL 5F\56 VYJF lN,GF .XFZFYL GDFh GYL YTLP

H[YL Ô[ SM. DFYFGF .XFZF J0[ GDFh 5-JF 5Z XÂST WZFJTM G CMI TM

VF\B S[ VF\BGL 5F\56 S[ lN,GF .XFZFVMYL GDFh G 5-[P

CF \4 5FK/YL V[ GDFhMGL ShF SZJL 50X[P 56 Ô[ VF H

5lZÂ:YlT sVYF"TŸ DFYFGF .XFZFYL GDFh 5-J]\ D]ÂxS,f 5F\R GDFhMYL

JWFZ[ ;DI ;]WL ;TT ZC[4 TM V[JF DF˜h}Z DF6; 5Z T[ GDFhMGL ShF

56 GYLP H[J]\ S[ ShFGF AIFGDF\ VFJL Zæ]\ K[P ò—N]Z[" D]bTFZ˜ o ! q 5&$ó

òZ!$ó S50F\ VYJF XZ LZGL GF5FSLG]\ ACFG]\

VD]S ALDFZ T\N]Z:TLGF hDFGFDF\ GDFhGF 5FA\N CMI K[P 56

ALDFZLDF\ GDFhGM bIF, GYL ZFBTFP GDFh G 5-JFG]\ ;FDFgI SFZ6

VF CMI K[ S[ J]h}4 U];, GYL SZL XSTFP VG[ TIdD]D SZJFG[ lN, UJFZF

GYL SZT]\P VYJF VF X\SF ZC[ K[ S[ SNFR S50F\ S[ XZLZ U\N]\ CMIP V[8,F

DF8[ GDFh ShF SZL N[ K[P VF ;bT HCF,T VG[ GFNFGLGL JFT K[P V[JF

;DI[ XZLVTGF Ô6SFZMYL D;V,M 5}KLG[ VD, SZJM Ô[.V[P VG[

XZLVT[ H[ ;C},T VF5L K[ T[GF 5Z VD, SZJFGM ÝItG SZJM Ô[.V[P

ALDFZ DF6;G]\ XZLZ S[ S50F\ GF5FS CMI TM T[6[ S[JL ZLT[ GDFh 5-JL

Ô[.V[4 T[GF DF8[ TCFZT s5FSLfGF ÝSZ6DF\ D;V,FVM wIFG5}J"S

JF\RMP òH]VM ÝSZ6 o $4 ÊDF\S o Z_ YL #$ó

ò—Vu,FT],Ÿ VJFD˜ o !)(ó

òZ!5ó 0MS8Z [ DGF. SIF"G]\ ACFG]\

VD]S ALDFZMG[ 0MS8Z JWFZ[ RF,JFvOZJFYL VG[ C,GR,G

SZJFGL DGF. SZL N[ K[P TALVTGL ;]Z1FF DF8[ T[GF DFU"NX"G 5Z RF,J]\

BZ[BZ H~ZL K[P 56 VF SFZ6[ GDFh KM0J]\ S[JL ZLT[ N]Z]:T YX[ m Ô[

BZ[BZ A[;LG[ VYJF .XFZFYL 56 GDFh GYL 5-L XSTM TM DFYFGF

.XFZFYL GDFh 5-J] \ TM XSI CMI K[ 56 0MS8ZG] \ ACFG]\ AGFJLG[

GDFh ShF SZL N[ K[P ALDFZL TM DMTGM ;\N[XM K[P T[DF\ TM .g;FG[ ;ÁYL


VMZ JWFZ[ CMlXIFZ VG[ VFlBZTGL ÃRTF SZJL Ô[.V[P VG[ T[ TZO

JWFZ[ wIFG S[Âg§T SZJ]\ Ô[.V[P ò—Vu,FT],Ÿ VJFD˜ o !)(ó

òZ!&ó ZFCTGF bIF,YL 3ZJF/FVMG]\ G HUFJJ]\ VYJF DGF. SZ L N[J]\

VD]S ALDFZ DF6; GDFhGF 5FA\N CMI K[4 56 ALDFZL JWL

HJFYL VYJF GDFhGF ;DI[ ê3 VFJL HJFYL VYJF 36L JWFZ[

GA/F.4 VXÂST VG[ SDhMZLGF SFZ6[ UO,T H[JL Y. ÔI K[P VG[

GDFhGF ;DI JU[Z[GL 5}ZL Ô6SFZL GYL ZC[TLP VCÄ ;]WL S[ GDFh ShF

Y. ÔI K[P Ô[ S[ GDFh DF8[ SC[JFDF\ VFJT[ TM T[ SNL VF/;F. G SZT[P

56 TLDFZNFZ s;FZJFZ SZGFZf VG[ 3ZGF ,MSM ALDFZGL ZFCTGM bIF,

SZLG[ sGDFh DF8[f GYL ATFJTFP A<S[ p5ZYL GDFh 5-JFGL GF SC[ K[P

VYJF T[GL sALDFZGLf DNN GYL SZTF S[ NFB,F TZLS[ o J]h}4 TIdD]D4

S50F\ AN,JF4 lSa,C TZO DM-]\ SZJ]\ JU[Z[ S\. GYL SZTFP H[GFYL T[VM

5MT[ 56 U]G[CUFZ Y. ÔI K[P V[J]\ SZJ]\ ALDFZ DF6;GL ;FY[ 56 VG[

5MTFGL ;FY[ 56 B{ZbJFCL sE,F.f GYLP ò—Vu,FT],Ÿ VJFD˜ o !)(ó

òZ!*ó ;FlCA[ TZTLA SMG[ SC[ K[ m

;FlCA[ TZTLA V[JF .g;FGG[ SCLX]\ H[GF lhdD[ AFl,U YJF

5KLYL SM. GDFh AFSL G CMI VYJF Ô[ ShF GDFh AFSL CMI TM 5F\R

GDFhMYL JWFZ[ G CMI4 A<S[ 5F\RYL VMKL CMIP RFC[ T[ 5F\R VYJF

T[GFYL VMKL GDFhM CD6F\ CD6F\ K}8[,L CMI VYJF 36F 5C[,F\GL CMIP

;TT K}8[,L CMI VYJF V,U V,U K}8[,L CMIP V[JF DF6;G[ ;FlCA[

TZTLA SC[ K[P

VG[ Ô[ 5F\RYL JW] GDFhM T[GF lhdD[ AFSL CMI TM CJ[ T[ ;FlCA[

TZTLA G ZæMP T[GF DF8[ ShF GDFhMGF 5-JFDF\ VG[ JSlTiIC sH[ T[

;DIGLf GDFhMG[ VNF SZJFDF\ TZTLA H~ZL GYLP 56 H[ ;FlCA[

TZTLA K[ T[GF DF8[ H~ZL K[ S[ 5C[,F K}8[,L GDFhM VNF SZ[P T[ 5KL

JSTL sH[ T[ ;DIGLf GDFh 5-[P ò—VC;G],Ÿ OTFJF˜ o $ q ZZó

òZ!(ó TZTLA JUZ GDFh 5-J]\ SIFZ [Ô.h K[ m

H[ DF6;GF lhdD[ 5F\R VYJF T[GFYL VMKL sShFf GDFh AFSL

CMIP T[GF DF8[ ,FlhD K[ S[ 5C[,F\ T[ K}8[,L GDFhG[ VNF SZ[P T[ 5KL

JSlTiIC sH[ T[ ;DIGLf GDFhG[ VNF SZ[P 56 $ sRFZf ÝSFZM V[JF K[

S[ TZTLAGM C]SD ZN Y. ÔI K[P

;DI VMKM CMJM o

SM.GL GDFhM K}8[,L K[4 VG[ JSŸTL sH[ T[ ;DIGLf GDFhGM ;DI

V[8,M T\U sVMKMf K[ S[ Ô[ ShF GDFh 5C[,F\ 5-[ K[ TM JSŸTL sH[ T[

;DIGLf GDFhGM ;DI 5}ZM Y. HJFGM EI K[P TM VF

5lZÂ:YlTDF\ ShF GDFh VG[ JSŸTL sH[ T[ ;DIGLf GDFhGF

NZlDIFG TZTLAGM C]SD BTD Y. ÔI K[P V,A¿4 ShF

GDFhMGF NZlDIFG TZTLAGM C]SD AFSL ZC[X[P SFZ6 S[ T[GF DF8[

SM. BF; ;DI GYLP

Ô[ ShF GDFhM JWFZ[ CMI VG[ ;DIDF\ V[8,L U]\Ô.X G CMI S[

JSŸlTiIC sH[ T[ ;DIGLf VG[ AWL ShF GDFhM TZTLA ;FY[ VNF

SZL XS[P V,A¿4 T[ JSŸlTiIC sH[ T[ ;DIGLf Oh" GDFhGL ;FY[

VD]S ShF GDFh 56 5-L XSTM CMI TM H[ K}8[,L GDFhG[ 5C[,F\


ò!ó

5-JFGL U]\Ô.X CMI4 T[DF\ VG[ JSŸTL sH[ T[ ;DIGLf GDFhDF\

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TM T[ GDFhMGL ShF JFlHA GYLP VF C]SD T[ ;DI[ K[ HIFZ[ S[ ;TT

A[CMX ZæM CMI4 JrR[ A[CMXL N}Z G Y. CMIP

ò—pdNT],Ÿ lOSC˜ o $_(ó

òZ#5ó C\D[XF A[CMX ZC[TM CMI VG[ SIFZ [S SIFZ [S CMXDF\ VFJL HTM CMI TM m

Ô[ SM.G[ JW] ÝDF6DF\ A[CMXLGL ALDFZL ZC[TL CMIP SIFZ[S VF

TS,LO Y. ÔI K[ VG[ SIFZ[S ;FZM 56 Y. ÔI K[4 TM T[GF A[ ÝSFZM

K[ o

;FZF YJFGM V[S ;DI GSSL CMI4 NFB,F TZLS[ o NZZMH ;JFZGF

;DI[4 ALDFZLDF\ VF;FGL VG[ ALDFZL ;FZL Y. HTL CMI VG[ YM0F

;DI 5KL OZLYL A [CMX Y. HTM CMI4 Ô[ A [CMXL V[S

lNJ;vZFTYL VMKL ZCL TM A[CMXLGM C]SD ZN Y. HX[P VG[ T[

GDFhMGL ShF JFlHA YX[P

VG[ Ô[ ;FZF YJFGM ;DI GSSL GYLP SIFZ[S SIFZ[S VRFGS ;FZM

Y. HTM CMI4 VG[ T\N]Z:T DF6;GL H[D JFTM SZJF ,FUTM CMI4

VG[ 5KL YM0F ;DIDF\ A[CMX Y. HTM CMI TM VF ;FZF YJFGM

V[˜lTAFZ GYLP VYF"TŸ VF A[CMXL ;TT VG[ ,UFTFZ ;DHJFDF\

VFJX[P Ô[ & sKf GDFhMYL JW] ;DI ;]WL A[CMX ZæM TM T[

GDFhMGL ShF JFlHA GYLP

ò—pdNT],Ÿ lOSC˜ o # q $_(4 —XFDL˜ o 5*#ó


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17 H D F V T G ] \ A I F GH D F V T G ] \ A I F GH D F V T G ] \ A I F GH D F V T G ] \ A I F G

òZ#&ó S[JF ÝSFZGF ALDFZ DF8[ HDFVTGMC]SD DFO K[ m

HDFVT ;FY[ GDFh VNF SZJ]\ ;]gGT[ D]VSŸSNC K[P SFZ6 JUZ

HDFVTG[ KM0JFGL 36L ;bT J.N K[P 56 Ô[ SM. DF˜h}Z K[ TM T[GF

DF8[ HDFVTGM C]SD DFO K[P VF 56 pdDT[ D]CdDlNiIC s;ÐÐFC]

V,IlC J ;ÐDfGL lJlXQ8TF K[ S[ Ô[ SM. DF˜h}Z DF6; ;FRL

lGiITGL ;FY[ VF HhAC ZFB[ K[ S[ Ô[ VF phŸZ G YT[ TM C]\ HDFVTGL

;FY[ GDFh VNF SZT[P TM V[JF ALDFZ DF6;G[ 56 HDFVTGM ;JFA

D/L HX[P

H[ phŸZGF SFZ6[ ALDFZGF DF8[ HDFVTGM C]SD DFO T[ GLR[

ÝDF6[ K[ o

AL DF ZL o

V[JL ALDFZL H[GF SFZ6[ RF,LvOZL G XS[P VG[ DÂ:HN ;]WL HJFDF\

TLJ| TS,LO YTL CMIP

V5\U o

,\U0M4 ,},M4 CFYv5UYL DF˜h}Z CMI4 NFB,F TZLS[ o AgG[ CFY

S5FI[,F CMI4 VYJF ;]G sH0f Y. UIF CMI4 VYJF AgG[ 5U

VYJF V[S 5U S5FI[,M VYJF ;]G sH0f Y. UIM CMI4 VYJF SM.

V[S CFY VG[ T[GF lJZ]â lNXFGM 5U S5FI[,M VYJF ;]G sH0f Y.

UIM CMI4 TM T[ DF6; HDFVT KM0JF DF8[ DF˜h}Z K[P V,A¿4 DF+

V[S CFY S5FI[,M VYJF ;]G sH0f Y. UIM CMI4 TM T[GF SFZ6[

HDFVTGL GDFh T[GF DF8[ DFO GYLP

,SJF U |:T o

V[JM ,SJFU|:T DF6; H[ RF,LvOZL G XS[P

VF\W/M o

T[G[ sVF\W/FG[f Ô[ SM. CFY 5S0LG[ ,. HGFZ CMI4 TM 56 T[

;JF"G]DT[ DF˜h}Z K[P

VF H C]SD RF,JFYL VXST .g;FGGM K[P H[GL 5F;[ ;JFZL VYJF

BFlND DÁH}N CMI4 TM 56 HDFVTGL GDFh H~ZL GYL4 V,A¿4 Ô[

lXS"T SZ[ TM AC[TZ K[P

JQFM" H}GM ALDFZ o

VYF"TŸ H[ DF6; 36F ;DIYL ALDFZ CMI VYJF SM. V[JL ALDFZL

CMI4 H[GF SFZ6[ T[ TLJ| TS,LO JUZ RF,LvOZL G XS[P

36M J'wW CMJ]\ o

RF,JFvOZJFYL VXST CMIP VG[ DÂ:HN ;]WL HJFDF\ TLJ| TS,LO

YTL CMIP

;BT 9\0L CMJL o

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ALDFZLGF 5{NF YJFGM VYJF JWL HJFGM EI CMIP

ZMU LGL ;[JF o

SM. ALDFZGL lBNDT VG[ ZMULGL ;[JF SZTM CMI VG[ VF 0Z CMI S[

HDFVTGL GDFh DF8[ HJFDF\ ALDFZG[ TS,LO VG[ +F; YX[P

3'6F:5N ZMU M o


SM. V[JL ALDFZLDF\ ;50FI[,F CMJ]\ H[GFYL D];<,LVMG[ S]NZTL 3'6F

VYJF TS,LO YTL CMI4 NFB,F TZLS[ o DM\-FDF\YL BZFA ÝSFZGL

ANA} sN]UÅWf VFJTL CMI VYJF SM-GM ZMUL CMIP

H[ ZMUMYL ALÔVMG[ 3'6F VYJF TS,LO YTL CMI4 V[JF

ALDFZGF DF8[ DÂ:HNDF\ T[ ;DI ;]WL HJ]\ N]Z]:T GYL4 HIF\ ;]WL T[ ZMU

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H[ DF6;GF DM\-FDF\YL V[JL N]UÅW GLS/TL CMI S[ ALÔ DF6;MG[

TS,LO YTL CMI VG[ GÒS µEF ZC[JFYL GDFhL 5Z[XFG YTF CMI4 TM

V[JF DF6; DF8[ HDFVTGM C]SD ZN K[P T[6[ DÂ:HN G HJ]\ Ô[.V[P 3Z[

H GDFh 5-[P SFZ6 S[ T[G[ XZ. C]SDGF SFZ6[ DÂ:HN ;]WL HJFYL ZMSL

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ZC[X[P VG[ Ô[ N]UÅW TM VFJ[ K[ 56 V[8,F ÝDF6DF\ GYL VFJTL S[ GÒS

µEF ZC[GFZG[ TS,LO YTL CMI TM 5KL HDFVTGM C]SD ZN G YX[P

ò—OTFJF DCD}lNiIC˜ o #5#4 —XFDL˜ó

òZ#(ó SM- sZSTl5¿fJF/F DF8[ HDFVTGM C]SD

Ô[ SM- sZSTl5¿f ;FWFZ6 NZHÔGM CMI S[ CH] ,MCLDF\ V[GL

V;Z GYL 5CM\RLP XZLZDF\YL GF5FSL GYL GLS/TL4 VG[ N]UÅW 56 GYL

VFJTL4 TM V[JF DF6; DF8[ DÂ:HN HJ]\ VG[ HDFVTDF\ XZLS YJ]\ N]Z]:T

K[P

VG[ Ô[ SM- sZSTl5¿fGL ALDFZL V[8,L CN ;]WL JWL U. CMI

S[ ,MSM T[GFYL 3'6F SZ[ K[4 VG[ N]UÅW VFJ[ K[4 TM V[JF DF6; DF8[

HDFVT VYJF H]dVCGL GDFh DF8[ DÂ:HN HJ]\ N]Z]:T GYLP

ò—OTFJF DCD}lNiIC˜ o !& q #!$4 —.dNFN],Ÿ OTFJF˜ o 5_#!ó

òZ#)ó CJF K}8JFGL ALDFZ LJF/F DF8[HDFVTGM C]SD

SM. DF6;G[ CJF K}8JFGL ALDFZL CMI4 Ô[ T[G[ EI CMI S[

DÂ:HNDF\ H CJF GLS/L HX[4 TM V[JF DF6; DF8[ HDFVTDF\ lXS"T SZJ]\

H~ZL GYLP V[S,F GDFh 5-JFYL HDFVT KM0JFGM U]GMC G YX[4 A<S[

V[S,F GDFh 5-JF 5Z 56 HDFVTGM ;JFA D/X[P

ò—VC;G],Ÿ OTFJF˜ o # q Z(#4 —XFDL˜ó

òZ$_ó hF0FGM Z MU sVlT;FZfGF ALDFZGF DF8[HDFVTGM C]SD

SM. DF6;G[ hF0FGM ZMU sVlT;FZf VYJF DZ0FGM ZMU YIM

CMI4 YM0F YM0F ;DI[ ;\0F; HJ]\ 50T]\ CMI VG[ ÝA/ VG]DFG VF CMI S[

DÂ:HNDF\ HJF 5KL 564 VYJF HDFVTGL ;FY[ GDFh 5-TL JBT[ 56

H],FA ,FUX[ VG[ tIF\ S]NZTL CFHT 5}ZL SZJFDF\ D]ÂxS,L YX[4 TM V[JF

DF6; DF8[ HDFVTGM C]SD ZN K[P

òZ$!ó Z MULGL ;[JF SZJFGF SFZ6[HDFVTG]\ KM0J]\

Ô[ SM. DF6; SM. V[JF ZMUDF\ ;50FI[,M CMI S[ SFID T[GL


5F;[ ;[JF SZGFZG]\ ZC[J]\ H~ZL CMI4 YM0F ;DI DF8[ V,U ZC[J]\ IMuI G

CMI VG[ SM. ALÔ[ ;[JF SZGFZ 56 G CMI4 TM V[JF DF6; DF8[

HDFVT KM0JFGL U]\Ô.X K[P 56 Ô[ ZMU VF ÝSFZGM G CMI VG[

DÂ:HN H.G[ HDFVTGL ;FY[ GDFh VNF SZLG[ 5FKF VFJJF ;]WL SM.

ÝSFZGM EI G CMI4 TM DF+ ZMULGL ;[JF SZJFG] \ ACFG] \ AGFJLG[

HDFVTGL GDFh KM0L N[J]\ VG[ Z* s;¿FJL;f U6F ;JFAYL DC~D

sJ\lRTf ZC[J]\ SM. ZLT[ IMuI GYLP ò—OTFJF DCD}lNiIC˜ o !* q #(ó

òZ$Zó DF˜h }Z DF6;G]\ 5MTFGF 3Z [ HDFVT SZJ]\

HDFVT ;FY[ GDFh 5-J]\ ;]gGT[ D]VSŸSNC4 A<S[ JFlHAGL

GÒS K[P 56 VD]S phŸZMGF SFZ6[ HDFVTGM C]SD DFO Y. ÔI K[P

T[DF\ V[S ZMU T[ 56 K[ S[ H[DF\ ALDFZ DF6; DÂ:HN ;]WL H. G XS[P

H[YL DF˜h}Z S[ ALDFZ DF6; Ô[ DÂ:HN H. G XSIM4 VG[ 3Z[ V[JF ,MSM

K[ H[ SM. SFZ6;Z DÂ:HN H. G XSIF4 TM T[DGL ;FY[ HDFVTYL

GDFh VNF SZJ]\ AC[TZ K[P V[ H ÝDF6[ 3ZDF\ DCZD sH[GL ;FY[ lGSFC

G Y. XS[ V[JLf :+LVM CMI4 TM 5MT[ T[ :+LVMGM .DFD AGL ÔI VG[

HDFVTGL ;FY[ GDFh VNF SZ[4 VF AC[TZ K[P ò—OTFJF DCD}lNiIC˜ o !& q $_)ó

òZ$#ó DF˜h }Z DF6;G]\ 5MTFGF 3Z [ A[;LG[DÂ:HNGF .DFDGL .ÂSŸTNF SZJ]\

SM. ALDFZ DF6;G]\ 3Z DÂ:HNYL T¡G GÒS K[P .DFDGM

VJFH 3Z[ VFJ[ K[P CJ[ T[ ALDFZ DF6; 5MTFGF 3Z[ H DÂ:HNGF

.DFDGL .ÂSŸTNF SZL ,[4 TM T[GL .ÂSŸTNF ;CLC G YX[P SFZ6 S[

.ÂSŸTNFGF ;CLC YJF DF8[ ,FlhD VG[ H~ZL K[ S[ JRDF\ SM. Z:TM4

GC[Z JU[Z[ VF0 G AGTF CMIP T¡p5ZF\T .DFDGL CF,TDF\ X\SF G CMI4

HIFZ[ S[ ;FDgI ZLT[ DÂ:HN VG[ 3ZGF JrR[ VFJ]\ AG[ K[P

V,A¿4 Ô[ DÂ:HNGL 8[Z[; sKTf VG[ 3ZGL 8[Z[; lA<S],

D/[,L CMI4 JrR[ HuIF G CMI4 TM VF 5lZÂ:YlTDF\ T[ 3ZGL 8[Z[; 5Z

VYJF 3ZGF V\NZ .ÂSŸTNF N]Z]:T YX[P VF XT[" S[ .DFD S[ D]SÂaAZ

sTSALZ SC[GFZfGM VJFH V[8,M :5Q8 VFJTM CMI S[ .DFDGL CF,TDF\

HZF 56 X\SF ZC[TL G CMIP Ô[ s.DFDGL CF,TDF\f X\SFGL XSITF CMI

TM 5KL s.DFDGLf .ÂSŸTNF N]Z]:T G YX[P

ò—VF5S[ D;F., VÁZ pGSF C,˜ o # q #&#4 —pdNT],Ÿ lOSC˜ o # q !)*ó

òZ$$ó AC[Z M DF6; .DFDGM VJFH G ;F\E/L XS[ TM X]\ SZ [ m

GDFhGF NZ[S Z]SŸGDF\ .DFDGL .ÂSŸTNF NZ[S D]SŸTNL 5Z ,FlhD

K[P Ô[ SM. D]SŸTNL UO,T sA[NZSFZLf4 ê3 S[ VJFH G ;F\E/JFGF

SFZ6[ SM. Z]SŸG VG[ Oh"DF\ .DFDGL ;FY[ lA,S], XZLS G Y. XSIM4

A<S[ .DFDGL ;FY[ T[GM T[ Oh" NFB,F TZLS[ o Z]S}V S[ ;HNC K}8L UIM4

TM AFSLGF Z]SŸG VG[ VD,MDF\ .DFDGL TFA[NFZL G KM0[4 A<S[ XZLS ZC[P

V,A¿4 HIFZ[ .DFD ;,FD O[ZJ[ TM .DFDGL ;FY[ ;,FD O[ZJJFGF

AN,[ D:A}S sH[ .DFD ;FY[ 5C[,F\YL XZLS G YIM CMI A<S[ V[S4 A[4

+6 ZSF˜TM Y. HJF 5KL XZLS YIM CMIfGF H[D V[S ZSF˜T JWFZ[ 5-L

,[4 T[ 5KL ;,FD O[ZJ[P VF ÝDF6[ T[GL GDFh Y. HX[P VG[ Ô[ Z]S}V S[

;HNC G SZL XSIM VG[ ;,FD O[ZJL NLWL TM T[GL GDFh G YX[P

GJ[;ZYL GDFh 5-JL 50X[P VF H C]SD T[ AC[ZF D]SŸTNLGM 56 K[ H[6[

.DFDGM VJFH G ;F\E?IM VG[ Z]S}V S[ ;HNC S[ lSIFD T[GFYL K}8L

UIMP ò—OTFJF DCD}lNiIC˜ o !& q Z)$ó


18 . D F D T G ] \ A I F G. D F D T G ] \ A I F G. D F D T G ] \ A I F G. D F D T G ] \ A I F G

òZ$5ó VF\W/FGL .DFDT

;FDFgI ZLT[ VF\W/M VG[ T[ DF6; H[G[ ZF+[ VMK]\ N[BFT]\ CMI4 T[

5MTFGL H~lZIFT 5}ZL SZJFDF\ ALÔGM DMCTFH YTM CMI K[ VG[ 5FSLDF\

T[GL CF,T X\SF:5N ZC[ K[P VF SFZ6[ pdDTGF OSLCMV[ V[JF VF\W/F

DF6;GL .DFDTG[ H[ 5FSLGL SF/Ò ZFBL XSTM G CMI4 T[G[ DS~C[

TghLCL 9[ZJL K[P V,A¿4 H[ VF\W/M 5FSLGL SF/Ò ZFBTM CMI VG[

GF5FSLYL ARJFGM ;\5}6" ÝA\W SZTM CMI4 5FSv;FO VG[ :JrK ZC[TM

CMI4 T[GL .DFDT SZFCT JUZ Ô.h K[4 A<S[ VF\W/M Ô[ AWF\YL

VOh, sz[Q9f CMI4 VG[ D;V,FVMYL JWFZ[ DFlCTUFZ CMI4 TM T[G[

.DFD AGFJJ]\ VOh, sz[Q9f K[P G]A]jJTGF ;DIDF\ ChZT VaN]<,FC

lAG pdD[ DST}D sZlNPf JFZ\JFZ .DFD AGFJJFDF\ VFjIFP

ò—OTFJF ZCLlDiIC˜ o $ q #&#4 —VA} NFV}N XZLO˜ o ((ó

òZ$&ó AMBM sH[G[ NF\T G CMIf T[GL .DFDT

H[ DF6;GF AWF\ NF\T T}8L UIF CMI4 VYJF ;FD[GF p5ZGF NF\T

T}8L UIF CMI TM V[JF DF6;GL .DFDTGF lJQF[ TO;L, slJUTf VF K[

S[4

T[6[ Ô[ CO"GL VNF.UL sV1FZGF prRFZfDF\ V[8,L DxS sÝ[S8LXf

SZL ,LWL K[ S[ prRFZ[,F AWF\ COM" lA<S], :5Q8 VNF Y. ÔI K[ TM

T[GL .DFDT SZFCT JUZ Ô.h K[P

VG[ Ô[ :5Q8 VNF G YTF CMI TM 56 T[GL .DFDT Ô.h K[P

56 Ô[ prRFZ[,F COM" AN,F.G[ ALÔ Y. HTF CMI4 NFB,F TZLS[ o

QFF G[ ;LG4 ,FD G[ IF VG[ ZF G[ U{G AGFJL N[ TM T[GL .DFDTDF\

DTE[N K[P ;FJR[TL V[DF\ H K[ S[ T[GL .DFDT N]Z]:T GYLP

ò—.dNFN],Ÿ OTFJFGL O}8GM8˜ o ! q #*(4 —XFDL˜ó

òZ$*ó AMA0F VG[ TMT0F DF6;GL .DFDT

V[JM DF6; H[G[ SM. 56 ZMU VG[ phŸZ ,FU] 50IM CMI4

NFB,F TZLS[ o ÒE YMYJFJL4 AMA0F VG[ TMT0F CMJFGF SFZ6[ COM"

;CLC VNF G YTF CMI4 COM"G[ VNF SZJF 5Z S]NZT G CMI VYJF V[S

CO"GF AN,[ SM. ALÔ[ CO" GLS/L VFJTM CMI VYJF JW] COM" GLS/L

VFJTF CMI4 NFB,F TZLS[ o V4 VPPPPPVF4 VYJF OFvOFvOF JU[Z[P TM

V[JF DF6;GL .DFDT H[ DF˜h}Z GYL VG[ :5Q8 ;CLC 5-JFJF/M CMI

T[GF DF8[ N]Z]:T GYLP V,A¿4 V[GF H[JF H DF6;M DF8[ N]Z]:T K[P

ò—OTFJF ZCLlDiIC˜ o ! q !5$ó

òZ$(ó AC[ZFGL .DFDT

AC[ZFGL .DFDT N]Z ]:T K[P 56 XSI K[ S[ SIFZ[S ,]SDM

VF5JFGM DMSM VFJ[4 VG[ T[ ;F\E/L G XS[P V[8,F DF8[ VOh, sz[Q9f

VF H K[ S[ H[ AC[ZM G CMI VG[ .DFDGF U]6M T[GFDF\ CMI4 T[G[ .DFD

AGFJJFDF\ VFJ[P ò—OTFJF DCD}lNiIC˜ o !& q Z5)ó


ò!ó

òZó

ò#ó

òZ$)ó H[GF CFY S5FI[,F CMI T[GL .DFDT

H[ DF6;GM V[S H CFY CMI4 OSLCMV[ T[GL .DFDTG[ DS~C[

TghLCL 9[ZJL K[P V,A¿4 .<D VG[ Oh, s7FG VG[ ÝlTQ9FfDF\ ;ÁYL

JWFZ[ sRl-IFTMf CMI4 :JrKTF VG[ 5FSL ;FZL ZLT[ SZL ,[TM CMI VG[

5FSLGM ;\5}6" bIF, ZFBTM CMI4 TM T[GL .DFDT N]Z]:T K[P GCÄTZ

DS~C K[P V,A¿4 H[ DF6; ;FZM VG[ T\N]Z:T CMI4 .DFDTGF

D;V,FVMGM Ô6SFZ CMI4 T[GL .DFDT NZ[S CF,TDF\ z[Q9 K[P

ò—VhLh],Ÿ OTFJF˜ o ! q Z__4 —OTFJF DCD}lNiIC˜ o Z q !_Z4 —XFDL˜ó

òZ5_ó H[GF 5U S5FI[,F CMI T[GL .DFDT

V[JM DF6; H[GF AgG[ VYJF V[S 5U S5FI[, CMI4 T[ A[;LG[

GDFh 5-FJ[ TM T[GL .DFDT N]Z]:T K[P 56 AC[TZ VG[ VOh, sz[Q9f

VF K[ S[ V[JF DF6;G[ .DFD AGFJJFDF\ VFJ[ H[ ;FZM VG[ T\N]Z:T CMIP

V<,FDC XFDL sZCPfV[ :5Q8TF SZL K[ S[ o

H[ DF6;GF AgG[ 5U S5FI[,F CMI T[GL .DFDT DS~C K[P Ô[ S[

T[GF 5FK/ GDFh Y. ÔI K[4 56 AC[TZ VF K[ S[ ALÔ[ .DFD lGI]ST

SZJFDF\ VFJ[P ò—OTFJF NFZ],Ÿ p,}D˜ o # q Z_(ó

òZ5!ó ,\U0FGL .DFDT

H[ DF6;GF 5UG]\ ,\U0F56]\ V[8,]\ JWFZ[ CMI S[ 5U ;LWM µEM

G ZFBL XSTM CMI4 V[JF DF6;YL s,MSMG[f ;FDFgI ZLT[ S]NZTL

.ÂgSAFh sGFB]XLf CMI K[P V[8,F DF8[ T[GL .DFDT DS~C[ TghLCL K[P

V,A¿4 Ô[ SM. V[JM DF˜h}Z .<D VG[ Oh, s7FG VG[ ÝlTQ9Ff VG[

TSJF VG[ 5ZC[hUFZLDF\ AWF D]STNLVMYL z[Q9 CMI4 TM T[GL .DFDTDF\

SM. SZFCT GYL4 VCÄ ;]WL S[ Ô[ VF 5lZÂ:YlTDF\ ,MSMG[ GOZT s3'6Ff

CMI4 TM 56 T[GM V[˜lTAFZ GYLP V[ H ÝDF6[ H[G]\ ,\U0F56]\ V[8,]\

;FWFZ6 K[ S[ AgG[ 5UM 5Z 8[SM VF5LG[ µEM Y. ÔI K[4 T[ VF DHS}Z

,\U0F56FDF\ XFlD, GYL H[GF 5FK/ GDFh DS~C K[P SFZ6 S[ YM0]\

,\U0F56]\ 3'6F:5N GYLP

ò—VC;G],Ÿ OTFJF˜ o # q #!(4 —.dNFN],Ÿ VCSFD˜ o Z q !Z)ó

òZ5Zó H[GL BtGF G Y. CMI V[JF DF6;GL.DFDT

BtGF ;]gGT[ D]VSŸSNC VG[ .:,FDG]\ VM/BlRî K[P SFZ6

JUZ T[G[ KM0GFZM ;]gGTG[ KM0GFZM K[P Ô[ V[JM DF6; H[GL BtGF G Y.

CMI T[ 5FSL VG[ ;OF.GM ;\5}6" bIF, ZFB[ K[ TM 5KL T[GL .DFDT

N]Z]:T K[ ¸ VF XT[" S[ T[ VFSÂ:DS ZLT[ BtGF JUZGM ZCL UIM CMI VG[

BtGF ; ]gGT CMJFGM :JLSFZ SZTM CMIP T[ ; ]gGTG[ KM0GFZGL

;ZBFD6LDF\ ;]gGT 5Z VD, SZGFZGL .DFDT VU|TF WZFJ[ K[P VG[

Ô[ BtGF JUZGM DF6; .Â:TgÔ JU[Z[DF\ ;\5}6" 5FSLGM bIF, GYL

ZFBTM VYJF T[GL sBtGFf ;]gGT CMJFGM :JLSFZ GYL SZTM TM T[G[ SNL

.DFD AGFJJM Ô[.V[ GCÄP

ò—OTFJF DCD}lNiIC˜ o Z q )Z4 —lSOFIT],Ÿ D]OTL˜ o # q $$ó


òZ5#ó CLH0F sjI\-/fGL .DFDT VYJFTSALZGM C]SD

CLH0F sjI\-/fGL .DFDT N]Z]:T GYLP T[GL .SŸlTNF sT[GL 5FK/

GDFh 5-J]\f Ô.h GYLP

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JF\WM GYLP ò—OTFJF DCD}lNiIC˜ o Z q !_!ó

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K[4 A<S[ HDFVTGM C]SD T[GFYL ZN Y. ÔI K[P 56 Ô[ SM- N[BFTM G

CMI4 VG[ D]STNLVMG[ 3'6F G YTL CMI TM 5KL T[GL .DFDTDF\ SM.

SZFCT GYLP ò—OTFJF NFZ],Ÿ p,}D˜ o # q Z5&4

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òZ5&ó T\N]Z:TLGL CF,TDF\ DHG}G VG[ NLJFGF sUF\0FfGL .DFDT

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GYLP

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TM T[GL .SlTNFDF\ sT[GL .DFDTDF\f GDFh N]Z]:T K[P

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phŸZGF SFZ6[ A[;LG[ GDFh 5-FJ[ K[P VG[ Z]S}V VG[ ;HNCGF DF8[ DF+

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¶¶¶¶ G FDN " s G 5] \;Sf o H[G]\ lX`G ptYFG 5FDT]\ G CMI VG[ ;\EMU SZL

XSTM G CMI T[JM DN" s5]Z]QFf

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—OTFJF .dNFN],Ÿ VCSFD˜ o 5_$ó

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;FY[ GDFhYL V[8,M ;DI 5C[,F\ 5[XFA SZJFGL ÃRTF SZTM CMI S[ 8L5F\

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.DFDT GYL SZL XSTMP 56 Ô[ T[ phŸZ VG[ ALDFZLDF\ V[ ZLT[ T\N]Z:T

Y. HTM CMI S[ J]h} SZJF 5KL VF;FGL ;FY[ GDFh VNF SZL XSTM CMI

VG[ V[ NZlDIFG SM. ALÒ J]h} TM0GFZL J:T] VG[ phŸZ 5[X G VFJ[4 TM

V[JF DF6;GL .DFDT VF CF,TDF\ Ô.h K[P

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òZ&!ó XZ. DF˜h }ZGL .DFDT N]Z ]:T GYL

V[JM DF6; H[ XZ. DF˜h}Z CMI4 VYF"TŸ ;\5}6" V[S GDFhGF

;DIDF\ T[GM T[ phŸZ sJ]h} TM0GFZMf 5[X VFJ[4 TM V[JF DF˜h}Z DF6;GM

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T[G]\ J]h} T}8X[ GCÄP T[ VF H V[S J]h}YL H[8,L GDFhM 5-JF RFC[4 5-L

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.SŸlTNF GYL SZL XSTFP SFZ6 S[ .DFDTGM lGID VF K[ S[ .DFDGL

CF,T D]STNLGL CF,TYL ;FZL VYJF T[GF AZFAZ CMI4 V,A¿ DF˜h}Z

DF6; 5MTFGF H[JF VYJF 5MTFGFYL JWFZ[ phŸZJF/FVMGL .DFDT SZL

XS[ K[P ò—VC;G],Ÿ OTFJF˜ o # q Z&$4

—OTFJF DCD}lNiIC˜ o !$ q Z_$4 —XFDL˜ó


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Ô[ SM. DF6;G[ 5[XFAGF 8L5F\ 50JFGM ZMU TM GYL4 V,A¿

5[XFAGL HuIF slX`Gf NAFJJFYL 5[XFAGF 8L5F\ GLS/L VFJ[ K[ VG[

SM. JBT JC[D 5{NF YFI K[ S[ 5[XFA GLS/L VFjIMP Ô[ S[ Ô[JFYL N[BFTM

GYL4 TM V[JF DF6;GL .DFDT Ô.h K[P JC[D VG[ X\SFGF SFZ6[ SM.

OS" GYL 50TMP ò—OTFJF NFZ],Ÿ p,}D˜ o # q !_5ó

òZ&#ó ;O[N WFT GLS/GFZ DF6;GL .DFDT

;O[N WFTGF ALDFZG[ RMSS; ;DIDF\ H Ô[ DhL sWFTf JU[Z[

GLS/TL CMI VG[ GDFhGF NZlDIFG lA<S], GLS/TL G CMI4 TM V[JF

DF6;GF .DFD AGJFDF\ SM. JF\WM GYLP 56 Ô[ GDFhDF\ DhL sWFTf

GLS/L VFJ[4 TM GDFhG[ OZLYL 5-J]\ ,FlhD YX[P VG[ Ô[ SFID DhL

sWFTf GLS/TL CMI VYJF SM. 56 ;DI[ GLS/JFGM EI ZC[TM CMI TM

5KL T[6[ .DFDT G SZJL Ô[.V[P ò—OTFJF DCD}lNiIC˜ o !& q #*$ó

òZ&$ó H[6[ G;A\NL SZFJL CMI T[GL .DFDT

XZLVTDF\ G;A\NL SZFJJL CZFD K[P Ô[ SM.V[ G;A\NL SZFJL

,LWL CMI4 TM T[G[ .DFD AGFJJ]\ Ô.h GYLP GDFh DS~C YFI K[P

B:;L ,MSMYL lBNDT ,[J] \ DS~C K[4 SFZ6 S[ V[JF ,MSMYL

lBNDT ,[JFDF\ T[ BZFA SFI"GM NZJFÔ[ BM,J]\ K[P Ô[ S[ VF V\UM SF5JFG]\

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56 Ô[ D];<,LVMDF \ NLGL D;F., BF; SZLG[ GDFhGF

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SM. ALÔ[ DF6; T[GFYL JW] Ô6SFZ G CMI4 TM VF 5lZÂ:YlTDF\ V[JF

DF6;GL .DFDT N]Z]:T YX[P

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òZ&5ó AJF;LZJF/F DF6;GL .DFDT

V[S DF6;G[ D;F sAJF;LZfGM ZMU K[P 56 SFID T[G[ ,MCL

GYL JC[T]\ S[ XZ. ¹ÂQ8V[ T[ DF˜h}Z SC[JFIP V,A¿4 ,MCL SIFZ[ GLS/[

VG[ SIFZ[ JCL 50[4 T[GL ALS VG[ ;\EJ ZæF SZ[ K[P TM V[JM DF6; XZ.

DF˜h}Z GYLP H[YL ;FDFgI ZLT[ V[JF DF6;GL .DFDT N]Z]:T K[P T[D KTF\

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òZ&&ó H[GF CFY SF\5TF CMI VYJF DM\-F\DF\ AGFJ8L RMB8]\ CMI T[GL .DFDT

Ô[ SM.GM CFY VYJF 5UGM JW] EFU SF\5TM CMI4 VG[ T[ W|]ÔZL

V[8,L ;FWFZ6 CMI S[ CFYv5U ;FWFZ6 C,TF CMI VG[ GDFhGF

VZSFG VNF SZJFDF\ TS,LO G YTL CMI TM T[GL .DFDT DF8[ DGF.

GYLP ò—OTFJF DCD}lNiIC˜ o !_ q Z&Zó


V[ H ÝDF6[ Ô[ .DFD[ 5MTFGF NF\TDF\ AGFJ8L NF\T ,UFjIF CMI4

TM 56 T[GL .DFDTDF\ SM. BFDL GYLP

ò—OTFJF DCD}lNiIC˜ o !5 q #5#ó

òZ&*ó H[GL SDZ JF\SL J/L UI[,L CMIT[GL .DFDT

.DFDTGF ;CLC YJFGF DF8[ XT" VF K[ S[ .DFDGL SDZ V[8,L

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;CLC GYLP CF\4 .DFD VG[ D]STNL AgG[ V[JF H CMI TM .DFDT N]Z]:T

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A I F GA I F GA I F GA I F G

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H phŸZMGF SFZ6[ H]dVCGF JFlHA YJFGM C]SD 56 ZN Y. ÔI K[P

NFB,F TZLS[ o

V[JM ALDFZ DF6; H[ DÂ:HN ;]WL H. G XSTM CMI4

VYJF DÂ:HN HJFDF\ ALDFZL JWL HJFGM VYJF DM0[YL ;FZL

YJFGM EI CMI4

VYJF 36M J'wW VXST CMI4

VYJF V5\U4 ,SJFU|:T4 VYJF VF\W/M CMI4

VYJF TLJ| 9\0L CMI S[ G]S;FGGM ;\EJ CMI4

VYJF V[JF ZMULGM ;FZJFZ SZGFZ CMI S[ V[GF RF,L HJFYL

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SM.G[ 5}KJF JUZ DÂ:HNG[ VM/BL ,[ K[4

T[VMGF 5Z H]dVC JFlHA K[P

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H. XS[ K[4 T[GF 5Z H]dVCGL GDFh JFlHA K[P

ò—pdNT],Ÿ lOSC˜ o Z q #&4 $#5ó

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H[ DF6; ALDFZLGF SFZ6[ VYJF SM. ALÔ IMuI phŸZGF SFZ6[

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:Y/[ H]dVCGL GDFh Y. HJF 5KL hMCZGL GDFh VNF SZ[P

ò—pdNT],Ÿ lOSC˜ o Z q $_)ó

òZ*_ó DF˜h }Z DF6;M UFDDF\ A\G[ .NMGL GDFh5-L XS[ K[

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GYLP

ò—OTFJF DCD}lNiIC˜ o !& q 5#$ó

20 l O N I C G ] \ A I F Gl O N I C G ] \ A I F Gl O N I C G ] \ A I F Gl O N I C G ] \ A I F G

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ALDFZ DF6;GL CF,T S[JL 56 GFh]S Y. ÔI4 TM 56 K}8[,L

GDFhMGM lONIC VF5L XSTM GYLP SFZ6 S[ HIF\ ;]WL .XFZFYL 56

GDFh 5-L XSTM CMI4 sGDFhf 5-J]\ ,FlhD K[P V,A¿4 .XFZFYL

56 Ô[ GDFh G 5-L XSTM CTM VG[ 5KL T\N]Z:T YJF 5C[,F\

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TM T[ lONIC VNF G YX[P A<S[ T[ ;NSC Y. HX[P VG[ T[GF DF8[

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lONIC VNF SZL N[ VYJF D'tI] 5FDGFZ[ KM0[,F DF,DF\YL VNF SZL

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A\G[GF C]SD H]NF H]NF CX[P

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T\N]Z:TL 5KL T[GL sZMhCGLf ShF SZJL JFlHA K[P VF Â:YlTDF\

lONIC VF5J]\ ;CLC GYLP lONIC VF5JFGF SFZ6[ ZMhC ZFBJFYL

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lGZFXF N[BFI K[P TM VF Â:YlTDF\ ÒJGDF\ lONIC VF5J]\ Ô.h

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V[JM J'wW DF6; H[DF\ ZMhC ZFBJFGL lA<S], XÂST G CMI VG[

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ZFBL XSX[4 A<S[ ZMhC ZFBJ]\ T[GF DF8[ 36]\ G]S;FGSTF" CMI VYJF SM.

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DF8[ Ô.h K[ S[ 5MTFGF ÒJGDF\ ZMhCGM lONIC VF5L N[Pò—N]Z[" D]bTFZ˜ o Z q $!_ó

òZ*$ó ALDFZ ALDFZ LGL CF,TDF\ D'tI] 5FD[

Ô[ SM. ALDFZ ALDFZLGF SFZ6[ ZMhC G ZFBL XSIM VG[ D'tI]

5FdIM TM T[GF A[ ÝSFZM K[P

HIFZYL ALDFZ YIM4 T[ 5KLYL ;FZM YIM H GYL VG[ V[8,L 56

T\N]Z:TL GCÄ D/L S[ ZMhC ZFBL XS[P A<S[ C\D[XF ALDFZ H ZæMP

V,A¿4 T\N]Z:TLGL pdDLN CTL 5Z\T] T[ 5KL 56 T[ H ALDFZLDF\

D'tI] 5FdIMP TM VF Â:YlTDF\ ALDFZ 5Z SM. lONIC JFlHA GYLP

VG[ T[GF TZOYL lONIC VF5JFGL H~ZT GYLP

VG[ Ô[ ALDFZL 5KL V[8,L T\N]Z:TL D/L U. S[ ZMhC ZFBL XS[

VG[ ShF SZL XS[4 TM 56 ShF ZMhC G ZFbIF TM H[8,F lNJ;M ;]WL

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òZ*5ó ALDFZ T\N]Z:T Y. ÔI VYJF J'wW XÂSTXF/L Y. ÔI

ALDFZ[ VF ;DÒG[ S[ VF ÝSFZGM ZMU SIFZ[ ;FZM GYL YTMP T[6[

lONIC VF5L NLWMP VYJF4

SM. J'wW .g;FGG[ XÂST VG[ A/YL V[SND CTFXF Y. U. VG[ T[6[

ZMhCGM lONIC VF5L NLWM4

T[ 5KL ALDFZ DF6; T\N]Z:T Y. UIM VYJF4


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CH 5MT[ SZJ] \ Oh" K[P V,A¿4 T[ phŸZ H[G[ XZLVT[ DFgI

ZFB[,F K[ T[ phŸZMGF SFZ6[ CHH[ AN,GL .ÔhT K[P 56 DF+ JC[D

VG[ X\SFGF SFZ6[ sS[ ;OZ SZJFYL ALDFZ Y. H.X4 ALDFZL JWL HX[f

CHDF\ G HJ]\ VtI\T DC~DL sJ\lRT ZC[JFGLf lGXFGL K[P Ô[ DFGL ,M S[

SM.G[ CHH[ AN,DF\ DMS,L VF%IM TM CH VNF YX[ GCÄP T[6[ 5MT[

CHDF\ HJ]\ H~ZL YX[P GCÄTZ V<,FCG[ tIF\ T[GL 5S0 YX[P

ò—XFDL˜ o $ q !$4 —OTFJF NFZ],Ÿ p,}D˜ o & q 5&!ó

ò#&5ó CH SZJFYL 0MS8Z M DGF SZ [

Ô[ SM. DF6; 5Z CH Oh" CMI4 56 T[ SM. V[JF ZMUDF\

;50FI[,M K[ S[ D];,DFG 0MS8ZMGF VlEÝFIDF\ ;OZ VG[ CHGF

VZSFGGL VNF.ULDF\ T[GF ZMUGF V;FDFgI JWL HJFGM VYJF SM.

TLJ| EIGL X\SF K[ TM ZMU ;FZM YJF ;]WL T[GF DF8[ CHGM ;OZ G

SZJFGL U]\Ô.X YX[P V,A¿4 TZT H CHH[ AN, SZFJJ]\ N]Z]:T YX[

GCÄP 56 CF\ Ô[ CJ[ T[G[ T\N]Z:TL D/JFGL VG[ ;OZ SZJFGL VG[ CH


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SZJFGL XÂST lA<S], N[BFTL G CMI TM 5KL CHH[ AN, SZFJL XS[ K[P

ò—lCNFIC˜ o ! q Z#Z4 —OTFJF NFZ],Ÿ p,}D˜ o & q 5Z#ó

ò#&&ó 5UYL D]ÂxS,YL RF,L XSTM CMI

H[ DF6; 5UGF V[JF ZMUDF\ ;50FI[,M CMI S[ RF,J]\ D]ÂxS,

CMI4 A<S[ SM.GF VFWFZ[ 56 RF,TM CMI TM 56 T[6[ A[;J]\ 50T]\ CMI4

TM V[JF DF6; 5Z 5MT[ CH SZJ]\ Oh" GYLP 56 CHH[ AN, SZFJJ]\ H~ZL

K[P V,A¿4 Ô[ 5FK/YL T\N]Z:T Y. UIM TM 5KL OZLYL CH SZJ]\

JFlHA YX[P ò—pdNT],Ÿ lOSC˜ o $ q #$$4 —VF,DULZL˜ o ! q Z!(ó

ò#&*ó NDGL ALDFZ LJF/F DF8[ CHGM C]SD

SM. DF6;G[ NDGL ALDFZL Ô[ ;FWFZ6 NÔ"DF\ K[ VG[ T[ DF,NFZ

K[4 TM T[GF DF8[ 5MT[ H.G[ CH SZJ]\ H~ZL K[P 56 Ô[ NDGM ZMU V[8,M

TLJ| K[ S[ YM0]\ 56 RF,J]\ V3Z]\ VG[ D]ÂxS, K[ TM TZT H CHDF\ G ÔI4

VG[ SM. ALÔG[ CHH[ AN,DF\ DMS,[ GCÄ4 A<S[ T\N]Z:TLGL ZFC H]V[P Ô[

T\N]Z:TL ÝF%T G YFI TM CHH[ AN,GL Jl;iIT SZL N[P VYJF VF S[

D];,DFG VG]EJL 0MS8Z VF SCL N[ S[ CJ[ VF ZMU D'tI] ;]WL AFSL

ZC[X[4 SIFZ[ ;FZM YX[ GCÄ4 TM 5KL ÃhNULDF\ H CHH[ AN, SZFJJ]\

Ô.h YX[P ò—.dNFN],Ÿ OTFJF˜ o Z q !5(ó

ò#&(ó DF,NFZ V\W DF8[ CHGM C]SD

H[ V\W DF,NFZ CMI4 T[GF DF8[ 5MT[ H.G[ CH SZJ]\ H~ZL GYLP E,[

T[GL ;FY[ SM. ZCAZ sDFU"NX"Sf DÁH}N CMI4 A<S[ CHH[ AN, SZFJL

,[J]\ Ô.h K[P Ô[ S[ 5MT[ H.G[ CH SZJ]\ 36F XO" s;gDFGf VG[

OhL,TGL JFT K[P

V[ H ÝDF6[ NZ[S T[ DF6; H[ DF˜h}Z CMI4 H[GF DF8[ 5MT[ HJ]\ H~ZL

GYL4 Ô[ T[ sDF˜h}Z DF6;f H.G[ CH SZL ,[4 TM Oh" CH VNF Y.

HX[P

ò#&)ó TALVT BZFA CMI TM X]\ SZ [ m

H[GL TALVT V[8,L BZFA CMI S[ 5MT[ CH SZL XSTM GYLP VG[

ElJQIDF\ T\N]Z:TLGL pdDLN GYLP TM ALÔ 5F;[ CHH[ AN, SZFJL XS[

K[P Ô[ CHH[ AN, G SZFJL TM T[6[ Jl;iIT SZJ]\ ,FlhD K[P V[GFYL T[

lhdD[NFZLDF\YL D]ST Y. HX[P Ô[ JFZ;NFZMV[ Jl;iIT SZJF KTF\ CH G

SZFJL TM JFZ;NFZ U]G[CUFZ YX[P ò—XFDL˜ o $ q !$ó

ò#*_ó T\N]Z:T J'wW CHH[ AN, SZFJL XS[ m

SM. DF6; 36L H ,F\AL ëDZGM K[4 V,A¿ T[ T\N]Z:T K[4 56

;OZ SZL XSTM GYLP ;OZ SZJFDF\ T[G[ V;FDFgI TS,LO YFI K[P HIFZ[

S[ T[GF 5Z CH Oh" 56 K[4 TM T[ 5MTFGL ÃhNULDF\ CHH[ AN, SZFJL XS[

K[4 VF XT[" S[ VFBL ëDZ ;OZ SZL XSJFGL pdDLN G CMIP

ò#*!ó ALDFZ Ô[ CH SZJF 5Z XÂSTDFGY. ÔI


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H[ phŸZMGF SFZ6[ CHH[ AN, SZFJJFGL .ÔhT K[4 T[DF\ V[S XT" VF

K[ S[ T[ V[JM phŸZ CMI S[ D'tI]GF V\lTD `JF; ;]WL ;FZF YJFGL

lA<S], pdDLN G CMI4 A<S[ VF H WFZ6F CMI S[ T[ phŸZ D'tI]GF

V\lTD `JF; ;]WL AFSL ZC[X[P H[YL VF ÝSFZGF DF˜h}Z ALDFZ[ Ô[

CHH[ AN, SZFJL4 T[ 5KL T\N]Z:TL VG[ XÂST VFJL U. S[ T[ 5MT[

CH SZL XS[ K[4 T[ KTF\ 56 T[GF DF8[ ALÒ JBT CH SZJ]\ H~ZL G

YX[4 SFZ6 S[ ÝYD H T\N]Z:TLYL lA<S], GFpdDLNLGF SFZ6[ T[6[

5MTFGM Oh" VNF SZL ,LWM K[P H[YL ALÒ JBT CH JFlHA YX[ GCÄP

V[ H ÝDF6[ SM. DF6; ;TT A[EFG CMI4 VG[ T[GF TZOYL CHH[

AN, SM.V[ SZL ,LWL4 T[ 5KL ;FZM Y. UIM4 TM CJ[ ALÒ JBT CH

SZJFGL H~ZT GYLP ò—N]Z[" D]bTFZ˜ o $ q !5ó

ò#*Zó V\W DF6;GL Ô[JFGL XÂST 5FKLVFJL ÔI

V[S V\W DF6;[ SM.GL 5F;[ CHH[ AN, SZFJLP T[ 5KL VFXF lJZ]â

T[GL VF\BGL ZMXGL 5FKL VFJL U.4 TM T[GF DF8[ 5MT[ H.G[ CH SZJ]\

H~ZL GYLP T[GL T[ CHH[ AN, VNF Y. U.P

V,A¿4 Ô[ T[ S]NZTL ZLT[ V\W G CTM4 A<S[ SM. ZMUGF SFZ6[ ZMXGL

BTD Y. U. CTL VG[ T[6[ CHH[ AN, SZFJLP VG[ T[ 5KL T[GL

VF\BGL ZMXGL 5FKL VFJL U.4 TM T[GF DF8[ 5MT[ H.G[ CH SZJL Oh"

YX[P ò—pdNT],Ÿ lOSC˜ o $ q #$#4 —OTFJF DCD}lNiIC˜ o !* q Z_5ó

ò#*#ó :+LGM DCZD ALDFZ CMI TM CHGM C]SD

:+L VG[ 5]Z]QF AgG[ DF,NFZ K[ VG[ AgG[ 5Z CH Oh" K[P HIFZ[

S[ 5lT SFIDL ALDFZ K[P T[G[ ;OZ SZJFGL S[ CHGF VZSFG VNF SZJFGL

XÂST GYLP V,A¿4 :+L T\N]Z:T K[ T[ CHGM ;OZ SZL XS[ K[P 56 T[GM

SM. V[JM DCZD GYL S[ T[GL ;FY[ ;OZDF\ H. XS[P TM V[JL :+LGM C]SD

VF K[ S[ 5MTFGF 5lTGF T\N]Z:T YJFGL ZFC H]V[P 5lTG[ T\N]Z:TL ÝF%T

YJF 5KL T[GF ;FY[ CHGF ;OZDF\ ÔIP VG[ Ô[ 5lTGL T\N]Z:TL ÝF%T

YJFGL SM. pdDLN VG[ VFXF GYL4 TM IMuI K[ S[ T[GM 5lT SM. V[JF

DF6;G[ 5MTFGL CHH[ AN,DF\ DMS,L N[4 H[ VF :+LGM DCZD CMIP H[YL

CHH[ AN,GL ;FY[ :+LGL 56 CH VNF Y. ÔIP Ô[ :+LG[ SM. DCZD

G D/[ TM T[GF DF8[ U{ZDCZDGL ;FY[ CHDF\ HJ]\ Ô.h GYLP

ò—XFDL˜ o # q $&Zó

ò#*$ó ALDFZ :+LGM SM. lBNDT SZGFZ G CMI TM 5lT CHGM ;OZ SZ L XS[ m

V[S :+L VtI\T ALDFZ K[P T[ NZ[S ;DI[ lBNDTGL DMCTFH K[P

VG[ 5lT l;JFI T[GM SM. lBNDT SZGFZ GYLP HIFZ[ S[ T[GF 5lT 5Z

CH Oh" K[4 TM V[JF 5lTG[ Ô[ ALDFZ 5tGLGL ;FZJFZ SZGFZ VG[

lBNDT SZGFZ SM. :+L D/L ÔI TM T[GF CJF,[ SZLG[ YM0F lNJ;MDF\

CH SZL ,[P VG[ Ô[ V[J]\ XSI G CMI TM 5KL :+LGL T\N]Z:TLGL ZFC H]V[P

—OTFJF DCD}lNiIC˜DF\ K[ o

5lT 5MTFGL H~ZTGF SFZ6[ ;OZDF\ H. XS[ K[P E,[ T[GL :+L

ALDFZ Y. HTL CMI4 56 T[GL ;FZJFZ SZGFZGL jIJ:YF SZLG[ ÔIP

VYJF ;OZDF\ ;FY[ ,. ÔIP ò—OTFJF DCD}lNiIC˜ o !* q !(#ó


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ò#*5ó DF,NFZ ALDFZ [ BFlNDG[ ;FY[ ,. H.G[CH SZJ]\ H~Z L K[ S[ CHH[ AN,

SZJ]\ SFOL K[ m

V[S DF6; DF,NFZ K[P VG[ T[GF 5Z CH Oh" K[P 56 T[ SM.

V[JF phŸZDF\ ;50FI[,M K[ S[ V[S,M CHGM ;OZ SZL XSTM GYLP VG[

CHGF VZSFG 56 V[S,M SZL XSTM GYLP V,A¿4 Ô[ T[GL ;FY[ SM.

lBNDT SZGFZ CMI TM CHGM ;OZ VG[ CHGF VZSFG AgG[ SZL XS[ K[P

VG[ T[ 5MT[ V[8,M DF,NFZ K[ S[ SM. lBNDT SZGFZG[ 5MTFGF BR[" ,.

H. XS[ K[4 TM X]\ V[JM DF˜h}Z CHH[ AN, SZFJL XS[ K[ m VYJF T[GF

DF8[ H~Z YX[ S[ SM. lBNDT SZGFZGF sCHGFf BR"G[ p9FJL ,[P VG[

T[GL ;FY[ H.G[ 5MT[ CH SZ[ m

V[GM HJFA VF K[ S[ o

V[JF DF6; DF8[ SM. ALÔGM BR" p9FJLG[ ,. HJ]\ VG[ CH

SZJ]\ H~ZL GYLP A<S[ T[GF DF8[ H~ZL K[ S[ CHH[ AN, SZFJ[P Ô[ S[ HIFZ[

V<,FC TVF,FV[ V[8,M DF, VF%IM K[ TM SM.G[ ,.G[ ÔIP H[YL 5lJ+

:Y/MGL lhIFZTGL ;FY[ ;FY[ CH SZJFGL ;VFNT s;ÁEFuIf ÝF%T Y.

ÔIP ò—.dNFN],Ÿ VCSFD˜ o # q !5!ó

ò#*&ó CHH[ AN,DF\ HGFZ ALDFZ Y. ÔI

SM. DF6; CHH[ AN,DF\ H. ZæM CMI VG[ V[CZFD 56 AF\WL

,LWM CMI4 5KL T[ V[8,M ALDFZ Y. ÔI S[ CH SZL XSTM GYLP TM Ô[

CHH[ AN,DF\ DMS,GFZ[ NZ[S ÝSFZGL .ÔhT VF5[,L CMI TM ALÔ

DF6;G[ GF.A sÝlTlGlWf AGFJLG[ CHH[ AN, SZFJL N[J]\ N]Z]:T YX[P

VG[ Ô[ sCHH[ AN,DF\ DMS,GFZ[f .ÔhT VF5L G CMI TM 5KL GF.A

AGFJJ]\ N]Z]:T YX[ GCÄP JT"DFG SF/DF\ OMG4 O[S; DFZOT[ .ÔhT ,.

,[J]\ XSI K[P ò—XFDL˜ o $ q ZZó

ò#**ó DC}"DGF TZOYL CHH[ AN, SZJFGL lGiIT ZFBGFZ ALDFZ Y. ÔI

Ô[ SM. DF6;[ SM. DC}"DGF TZOYL CHH[ AN, SZJFGM .ZFNM

SIM" VG[ V[CZFD AF\WJF 5C[,F\ H SM. V[JF ZMUDF\ ;50FI UIM S[

N[BLTL ZLT[ ElJQIDF\ T[ CHH[ AN,DF\ H. XSX[ GCÄ4 TM V[JF DF6;G[

Ô[.V[ S[ SM. G[S4 ;Fl,C sNLGNFZf DF6; DFZOT[ CHH[ AN, SZFJ[P

VG[ Ô[ DC}"D 5Z CH Oh" CTL VG[ T[6[ CHGL Jl;iIT SZL CTL4

tIFZ[ TM T[GF sDC}"DGFf +LÔ EFUGF DF,DF\YL SM.G[ 56 CHDF\ DMS,J]\

H~ZL YX[P VG[ Ô[ DC}"D[ Jl;iIT SZL G CTL VG[ JFZ;NFZMV[ CHH[

AN, SZFJL4 TM V<,FC TVF,FGL hFTYL VFXF K[ S[ SA}, Y. ÔIP

ò—OTFJF ZCLlDiIC˜ o ( q Z)$4 —XFDL˜ o $ q ZZó

ò#*(ó CHŸH[ AN,DF\ HGFZ D'tI] 5FD[ TMX]\ SZ [ m

CHŸH[ AN,DF\ HGFZ Ô[ VZOFTGF ZMSF6 5C[,F\ D'tI] 5FD[4 TM

T[GL CHH[ AN, VNF YX[ GCÄP H[YL ALÒ JBT DMS,J]\ H~ZL YX[P VG[

Ô[ ALDFZ DF6; 5F;[ V[8,L ZSD GYL S[ 5MTFGF JTGYL DMS,L XS[4 TM

H[ HuIFYL DMS,JFGL XÂST CMI4 tIF\YL DMS,J]\ ,FlhD YX[P VG[ Ô[


VZOFTGF ZMSF6 5KL D'tI] 5FdIM TM T[GL CHH[ AN, VNF Y. U.P

ò—XFDL˜4 —OTFJF ZCLlDiIC˜ o Z q 5(ó

ò#*)ó VZOFTDF\ Z MSF6 5KL TJFO[ lhIFZT 5C[,F\ D'tI] 5FD[ TM X]\ SZ [ m

SM. DF6; VZOFTDF\ ZMSF6 5KL TJFO[ lhIFZTYL 5C[,F\ D'tI]

5FD[ TM V[JM DF6; Ô[ T[ H JQF[" CHDF\ UIM CMI H[ JQF[" CH Oh" Y.

CTL4 TM ND JU[Z[GL Jl;iIT SZJ]\ ,FlhD GYLP VG[ Ô[ T[ H JQF[" UIM

GYL A<S[ CH Oh" YJFGF V[SvA[ JQF" 5KL DM0[YL slJ,\AYLf UIM VG[

VZOFTGF ZMSF6 5KL TJFO[ lhIFZT 5C[,F\ D'tI] 5FdIM TM T[GF 5Z

A]NGC sVYF"TŸ DM8]\ ÔGJZ ê84 UFIf hAC SZJFGL Jl;iIT ,FlhD

YX[P VG[ VF A]NGC sê84 UFIf D]hNl,OCG]\ ZMSF64 ZDLV[ lHDFZ

sX{TFGG[ SF\SZL DFZJLf4 TJFO[ lhIFZT AWF\GF DF8[ SFOL s5]ZT]f Y.

HX[P D]hNl,OCG]\ ZMSF6 VG[ ZDL JU[Z[GF K}8JFYL V,U ND ,FlhD

YX[ GCÄP VG[ Ô[ Jl;iIT SZL G CMI VG[ JFZ;NFZM 5MTFGF TZOYL VF

SFD V\ÔD VF5[4 TM .gXFV<,FC SA}, Y. HX[P VG[ VF A]NGC sDM8]\

ÔGJZ ê84 UFIf CZD XZLOGL CNDF\ H hAC SZJFDF\ VFJX[P

ò—OTFJF ZCLlDiIC˜ o Z q #)Z4 —D]VÂ<,D],Ÿ C]HŸÔH˜ o !)5ó

ò#(_ó CHGL Jl;iIT SIFZ [ JFlHA K[ m

Ô[ SM. DF6; 5Z CH Oh" CTL4 56 T[6[ phŸZ VG[ ALDFZL

VYJF SM. phŸZ JUZ CH SZL GCÄ4 TM T[GF DF8[ CHGL Jl;iIT SZJL

JFlHA K[P T[GF D'tI] 5KL DÂiITGF +LÔ EFUGF DF,DF\YL CHH[ AN,

SZFJJ]\ JFZ;NFZM 5Z JFlHA YX[P

Ô[ +LÔ EFUGM DF, CHH[ AN,GF DF8[ SFOL s5}ZTMf G CMI

VG[ AFl,U s5]bT JIGFf JFZ;NFZM +LÔ EFUGF DF,YL JWFZ[ XFlD,

s;DFlJQ8f SZJF 5Z ZFhL G CMI4 TM HIF\YL +LÔ EFUGF DF,DF\YL CH

Y. HTL CMI tIF\YL CH SZFJL N[P NFB,F TZLS[ o lH¡CYL CH SZFJL XS[

V[8,M H DF, K[4 TM tIF\YL SZFJL N[ VYJF DSSF XZLOYL CH SZFJL N[P

ò—XFDL˜ o Z q 5(ó

VG[ Ô[ AFl,U s5]bT JIGFf JFZ;NFZM 5MTFGF TZOYL AFSL

DF, XFlD, SZLG[ DC}"DGF JTGYL CH SZFJL N[ TM AC[TZ K[P

ò—OTFJF ZCLlDiIC˜ o ( q #!$ó

ò#(!ó ALDFZ CHGF ;OZDF\ D'tI] 5FD[ TM Jl;iITGM X]\ C]SD K[ m

ALDFZ CHGF ;OZDF\ D'tI] 5FD[ TM T[GF 5Z Jl;iIT JFlHA

YJFDF\ lJUTM VF K[ S[ o

Ô[ T[ H JQF[" T[GF 5Z CH Oh" Y. CTL VG[ Z:TFDF\ D'tI] 5FdIM TM Oh"

T[GFYL ZN Y. UIMP Jl;iIT SZJFGL H~ZT GYLP

Ô[ CH 5C[,F\YL Oh" Y. U. CTL VG[ T[ DM0[YL slJ,\AYLf CHGF

DF8[ UIM4 TM T[GF A[ ÝSFZ CX[ o

VZOFTGF J]S}O sZMSF6f 5KL TJFO[ lhIFZT SZJF 5C[,F\ D'tI]

5FdIM TM T[GF 5Z A]NGC VYF"TŸ DM8] \ ÔGJZ hAC SZJFGL

Jl;iIT SZJ] \ H~ZL YX[P VG[ VF A]NGC sDM8 ] \ ÔGJZf

D]hNl,OCG]\ ZMSF64 ZDLV[ lHDFZ sX{TFGG[ SF\SZL DFZJ]\f4 TJFO[


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lhIFZT ;J"GF DF8[ SFOL s5}ZT]\f Y. HX[P VG[ Ô[ Jl;iIT G SZL

XSIM VG[ JFZ;NFZM 5MTFGF TZOYL VF SFD V\ÔD VF5L N[\4 TM

.gXFV<,FC SA}, Y. HX[P

ò—OTFJF ZCLlDiIC˜ o & q #)Zó

VG[ Ô[ VZOFTGF ZMSF6 5C[,F\ D'tI] 5FdIM4 TM Oh" T[GF 5Z AFSL

ZC[X[4 Oh" ZN YX[ GCÄP

H[YL T[GF DF8[ T[GF XC[Z sZC[JFGF :Y/fYL CHH[ AN,GL

Jl;iIT SZJ]\ Oh" YX[P Ô[ +LÔ EFUGM DF, V[8,M G CMI S[ DZGFZGF

XC[ZYL CHH[ AN,DF\ HJF DF8[ SFOL s5}ZTMf CMI4 TM HIF\YL SFOL

s5}ZTMf Y. ÔI4 tIF\YL CHH[ AN, SZFJJFDF\ VFJ[P VG[ Ô[ Jl;iIT G

SZL XSIM VG[ DZGFZGF JFZ;NFZM CHH[ AN, SZFJL N[\4 TM AC[TZ K[P

ò—VC;G],Ÿ OTFJF˜ o $ q 5##4 —XFDL˜ o $ q Z#ó

ò#(Zó X]\ ALDFZGF DF8[ CHH[ AN, 5MTFGF JTGYL SZFJJ]\ H~Z L K[ m

H[GF 5Z CH Oh" K[4 T[GF TZOYL CHH[ AN,GF DF8[ H~ZL K[ S[

T[GF H JTGYL SZJFDF\ VFJ[P H[YL Ô[ SM. DF6; DF˜h}Z CMI4 CHGF

DF8[ H. XSTM GYL4 T[GL VÁ,FN SM. 56 ALÒ HuIF4 NFB,F TZLS[ o

,\0G VYJF DSSF D]SZ"DFYL H 5MTFGF JTGDF\ lGJF;L DF˜h}ZGF TZOYL

CHH[ AN, SZJF DF\U[ TM CHH[ AN, SZL XSTM GYLP V,A¿4 ALDFZ

VG[ DF˜h}Z DF6;[ Ô[ SM. ALÒ HuIFV[YL CHH[ AN, SZJFGL .ÔhT

VF5L CMI VYJF Jl;iIT SZL CMI4 TM ;CLC Y. HX[P

V[ H ÝDF6[ ALDFZ D'tI] 5FD[ VG[ T[6[ Jl;iIT G SZL CMI4 VG[

SM. T[GF TZOYL CHH[ AN, SZFJL N[4 TM SM. 56 :Y/YL CHH[ AN,

SZJFGL U]\Ô.X sK}8f K[P

ò—OTFJF ZCLlDiIC˜ o Z q *$4 —XFDL˜ o $ q Z#ó

ò#(#ó ALDFZ [ T\N]Z:T YJF DF8[ CHGLDgGT DFGL

V[S DF6;[ CH] ;]WL CH SZL GYLP T[6[ VF DgGT DFGL S[ Ô[ C]\

T\N]Z:T Y. UIM TM CH SZLXP T\N]Z:TL ÝF%T YJF 5KL HIFZ[ T[ CHDF\

HX[4 TM T[ DF6; E,[ JFlHA VYJF GO, CHGL lGiIT SZ[4 TM 56 Oh"

CH H VNF YX[P

ò—OTFJF ZCLlDiIC˜ o $ q Z!5ó


òZó

28 T J F O G ] \ A I F GT J F O G ] \ A I F GT J F O G ] \ A I F GT J F O G ] \ A I F G

ò#($ó VXST ,FRFZ TJFO S[JL Z LT[ SZ [ m

H[ DF6; 5U5F/F RF,JF 5Z XÂSTDFG CMI4 T[6[ RF,LG[ TJFO

SZJM JFlHA K[P V,A¿4 DF˜h}Z VG[ ALDFZGF DF8[ ;JFZL 5Z TJFO

SZJFGL U]\Ô.X sK}8f K[P H[YL H[ DF6; VtI\T VXST VYJF ALDFZ

CMI S[ ;Z/TFYL 5MT[ RF,LG[ TJFO SZL XSTM GYL4 TM T[GF DF8[ U]\Ô.X

sK}8f K[ S[ SM.GF ;CFZ[ VYJF jCL, R[Z 5Z A[;LG[ TJFO SZ[P

ò—VF5S[ D;F., VÁZ pGSF C,˜ o $ q !!5ó

ò#(5ó ,FRFZ TJFO 5KL A[ ZSF˜T S[JL Z LT[5-[ m

H[ DF6; DF˜h}Z ALDFZ CMI4 Ô[ T[6[ jCL, R[Z VYJF SM. ALÔ

Xb;GF BEF 5Z ;JFZ Y.G[ TJFO SIM"4 TM V[8,F DF8[ S[ NZ[S jIÂSTGF

DF8[ NZ[S ÝSFZGF TJFO 5KL A[ ZSF˜T GDFh JFlHA Y. ÔI K[4 V[8,F

DF8[ H[JL ZLT[ T[ Oh" GDFh 5-[ K[4 NFB,F TZLS[ o µEF Y.G[ VYJF

A[;LG[ VYJF ;}.G[4 V[ H ÝDF6[ T[ sTJFOGLf JFlHA GDFhG[ VNF SZJ]\

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5MTFGF JTGDF\ 56 VFJLG[ T[G]\ 5-J]\ H~ZL K[P

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TJFOGF DF8[ J]h} XT" K[P Ô[ TJFOGF NZlDIFG J]h} T}8L ÔI4 TM

J]h} SZLG[ OZLYL TJFO SZJ]\ Ô[.V[P V,A¿4 Ô[ RFZ S[ 5F\R RSSZ 5}ZF

SZL R]SIM CMI4 TM J]h} SZLG[ AFSLGF RSSZ 5}ZF SZL ,[JF SFOL s5}ZTFf

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GJ[;ZYL TJFO SZJ]\ H~ZL YX[P

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ZC[TF\ CMI T[ TJFO S[JL Z LT[ SZ [ m

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K[P V,A¿4 Ô[ SM.G[ CJF GLS/JFGM ZMU K[4 T[ V[8,M ;DI J]h} ARFJL

XSTM GYL H[8,F ;DIDF\ TJFO SZL XS[P A<S[ T[GM VF CJF GLS/JFGM

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sVYF"TŸ V[S J]h}YLf TJFO SZL XS[ K[P

ò—VC;G],Ÿ OTFJF˜ o $ q 55*ó


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DF˜h}Z YIM CMI4 T[ phŸZGF ,FU] 50JFYL J]h} T}8T]\ GYLP T[ phŸZGL

CF,TDF\ T[ GDFh 5-L XS[ K[P V[ H ÝDF6[ T[ DF˜h}Z TJFO 56 SZL XS[

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V[ H ÝDF6[ TJFOGF NZlDIFG T[ phŸZGF ,FU] 50JFYL T[ DF˜h}Z

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JFlHA YX[P ò—VF5S[ D;F., VÁZ pGSF C,˜ o $ q !$&ó

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lhIFZT SZL ,[P VG[ Ô[ DÞF D]SZ"DFYL GLS/LG[ CZD XZLOGL CNYL

ACFZ GLS/L R]SIM4 TM OZLYL pDZCGM V[CZFD AF\WLG[ DÞF D]SZ"DF

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XSL GCÄ4 TM HIF\ ;]WL TJFO[ lhIFZT SZL ,[X[ GCÄ tIF\ ;]WL 5lTGF DF8[

C,F, Y. XSTL GYLP


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phŸZ K[P VF CF,TDF\ :+L XZ. ¹ÂQ8V[ DFl;SGF H[D GF5FS YTL GYLP

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T}8T]\ GYL VG[ GDFh 56 T}8TL GYLP V[ H ÝDF6[ T[ D]:TCFhC :+LV[

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CMIP 56 XT" VF K[ S[ A]ÂâXF/L VG[ 5]bT JIGM CMI4 DF˜h}Z G CMIP

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TJFOGF ;CLC YJFGF DF8[ lGiIT XT" K[P Ô[ DF˜h}Z VG[ ALDFZ

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K[P Ô[ lGiIT G SZL4 TM TJFO N]Z]:T YX[ GCÄP

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ò#)#ó CHGF VZSFG VNF SZJFGL lGiITYLDFl;S Z MSGFZ L NJF ,[JL


DFl;SG]\ VFJJ]\ V[S S]NZTL J:T] K[P SM. 56 I]ÂSTYL T[G[ ZMSJ]\

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VZSFG DFl;SGL CF,TDF\ VNF SZL XS[ K[P DFl;SYL 5FS YJF 5KL

TJFO[ lhIFZT 56 SZL XS[ K[P

V,A¿4 ;DI VMKM CMI VG[ TJFO[ lhIFZTGM ;DI D/L

XSTM G CMI VG[ C]S}DT TZOYL D]C,T 56 D/TL G CMI4 TM sNJFf

p5IMU SZJFGL U]\Ô.X sK}8f K[ A<S[ AC[TZ K[P

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Ô[ CFÒ AFZDL lh,lCHŸHCGF ;}IF":T ;]WL lDGFDF\ ZMSF. ÔI4

TM T[ZDL lh,lCHŸHCGF ZDL SZJF sX{TFGG[ SF\SZL DFZJFf JUZ DSSF

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Y. ÔI TM T[ZDL lh,lCHŸHCGL ZDL JFlHA Y. ÔI K[P 5Z\T] Ô[ SM.

VXST S[ ALDFZ DF6; AFZDL lh,lCHŸHCGF lNJ;DF\ ZDL SZJFGF

AN,[ ZF+[ ZDL SZ[4 TM T[GF DF8[ T[ZDL lh,lCHŸHCGF ;]aC;FlNS 5C[,F\

lDGFYL HJ]\ SZFCT JUZ Ô.h K[P

CF\4 Ô[ T[ZDL lh,lCHŸHCGL ;]aC;FlNS lDGFDF\ Y. U.4 TM

ALDFZ DF6; JU[Z[ DF8[ 56 T[ZDL lh,lCHŸHCGL ZDL SZJ]\ JFlHA YX[P

ò—VF5S[ D;F., VÁZ pGSF C,˜ o $ q !#5ó

29 Z D L Z D L Z D L Z D L s X I T F G G [ S F \ S Z L D F Z J F fs X I T F G G [ S F \ S Z L D F Z J F fs X I T F G G [ S F \ S Z L D F Z J F fs X I T F G G [ S F \ S Z L D F Z J F f G ] \ A I F GG ] \ A I F GG ] \ A I F GG ] \ A I F G

GM\W o

!_4 !!4 !Z4 lh,lCHŸHCGF lNJ;[ X{TFGG[ SF \SZL DFZJ] \

JFlHA K[P ;FDFgI CF,FT VG[ ;FWFZ6 ALDFZLGF SFZ6[ SM. ALÔ 5F;[

5]Z]QF[ VG[ :+LV[ ZDL SZFJJ]\ sSF\SZL DZFJJ]\f Ô.h GYLP SM. TLJ| phŸZ

JUZ ALÔ 5F;[ ZDL SZFJJ]\ SFOL s5]ZT]\f GYLP JT"DFG SF/DF\ ;FDFgI

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SM. ZLT[ N]Z]:T GYLP V[JL CF,TDF\ ND sGFG]\ ÔGJZ hAC SZJ]\f JFlHA

Y. HX[P

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ZDL lJQF[ T[ DF6; ALDFZ VG[ DF˜h}Z ;DHJFDF\ VFJX[4 H[

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;]WL VFJL XS[ K[ VG[ ALDFZL JWL HJFGM VG[ TS,LOGM EI GYL4 TM

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;JFZL VYJF SM. DF6; pRSGFZ G CMI4 TM DF˜h}Z DF6; ALÔ 5F;[

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ò#)&ó HDZFT ;]WL H. XSTM CMI 56 SF\SZ L O[\SL G XSTM CMI


V[S DF6; H[ T\N]Z:T K[4 HDZFT ;]WL VF;FGLYL H. XS[ K[P

56 T[GF CFY W]|H[ K[ S[ SF\SZL O[\SL GYL XSTM VYJF CFY S5FI[,M K[4 TM

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ALÔ DF6;G[ DMS,LG[ ZDL SZFJL ,[J]\ SFOL s5}ZT]\f K[P

ò#)*ó ZDL SZFJJF 5KL XÂST VFJL ÔI

Ô[ SM. DF6; BZ[BZ DF˜h}Z CTM S[ 5MT[ ZDL SZL XSTM G CTMP

VF SFZ6[ T[6[ ALÔ DF6; 5F;[ ZDL SZFJL4 5Z\T] 5KL T[ phŸZ sZDL

SZJFGFf ;DIGF V\NZ BTD Y. UIM4 TM T[ ZDL Y. U.P T[ ZDLG[

OZLYL SZJFGL H~ZT GYLP

ò—D]VÂ<,D],Ÿ C]HŸÔH˜ o !(54 —pdNT],Ÿ lOSC˜ o $ q Z#)ó

ò#)(ó ALDFZ Ô[ ZDL G SZFJL XS[ TM X]\ SZ [ m

ALDFZ DF6;[ 5MT[ 56 ZDL G SZL4 VG[ ALÔ 5F;[ 56 ZDL

SZFJL GCÄ4 A<S[ ZDL K}8L U.4 TM T[GF 5Z ZDL K}8JFGM lONIC ——ND˜˜

sGFG]\ ÔGJZ hAC SZJ]\f ,FlhD VFJX[P V,A¿4 Ô[ A[EFG DF6;

VYJF GF;DH AF/S VYJF VW"5FU, VG[ NLJFGF TZOYL SM.V[ ZDL

G SZL4 TM T[GF 5Z ND JFlHA GYLP

ò—D]VÂ<,D],Ÿ C]HŸÔH˜ o !(54 —pdNT],Ÿ lOSC˜ o $ q Z#)ó

ò#))ó ZDL SZJF DF8[ ALDFZGL .ÔhT H~Z L K[

SM. ALDFZGF TZOYL ZDLGF ;CLC YJFGF DF8[ H~ZL K[ S[ T[GL

.ÔhT VYJF T[G[ BAZ SZJF 5KL ZDL SZJF ÔIP Ô[ .ÔhT JUZ

VYJF ALDFZG[ BAZ SZJF JUZ SM.V[ ZDL SZL4 TM T[ ZDL DFgI U6FX[

GCÄP V,A¿4 A[EFG VYJF GF;DH AF/S VYJF VW"5FU, VG[

NLJFGF TZOYL ZDL SZJL CMI TM .ÔhT H~ZL GYLP

ò$__ó S[JM ALDFZ ALÔ 5F;[ ZDL SZFJL XS[ m

CHDF\ +6[J HDZFTGL ZDL sSF\SZL DFZJ]\f JFlHA K[P SM. 56

TLJ| phŸZ JUZ ZDLG[ KM0JF 5Z ND sS]AF"GLf JFlHA YFI K[P V,A¿4

T[ ALDFZ DF6; H[GL GLR[ H6FJ[, Â:YlT CMI4 T[ ALÔ DFZOT[ ZDL

SZFJL XS[ K[P ALDFZYL ;J" ALDFZ D]ZFN GYL S[ NZ[S ÝSFZGF ALDFZ DF8[

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ALDFZ V[8,M VXST VG[ SDÔ[Z CMI S[ A[;LG[ GDFh 5-TM CMI4

µEM Y.G[ GDFh 5-L XSTM G CMI4 TM T[GF TZOYL ALÔ[ DF6;

ZDL SZL XS[ K[P

VYJF ALDFZ DF6; Ô[ 5MT[ ZDL SZJF ÔI4 TM T[G[ TLJ| G]S;FG

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HJFGM VYJF V;æ `JF; RF,JFGM sCF\OJFGMf VYJF SM. ALÒ

ALDFZLGF JWL HJFGM VYJF DM0[YL ;FZL YJFGM VYJF SM. ALÒ

ALDFZL ,FU] YJFGM EI CMI4 VYJF D];,DFG 0MS8Z[ C,GR,G

SZJFGL4 RF,JFvOZJFGL DGF. SZL CMI4 VYJF ìNIGM ALDFZ

CMI VYJF 5U5F/F G RF,L XSTM CMI VG[ SM. ,. HGFZ G

CMI4 TM VF ;J" 5lZÂ:YlTDF\ ALÔ 5F;[ ZDL SZFJJ]\ Ô.h K[P

36F\ ,MSM DF+ EL0GF SFZ6[ ALÔVMG[ SF\SZL VF5L N[ K[4 T[DGL

ZDL YTL GYLP V,A¿4 EFZ[ EL0DF\ VXST VG[ SDÔ[Z ,MSM NAF.


ò!ó

òZó

ÔI K[4 Ô[ S[ T[VM RF,JFYL DF˜h}Z GYLP H[YL T[DGF DF8[ ZF+[ ZDL SZJ]\

VOh, K[P ò—VF5S[ D;F., VÁZ pGSF C,˜ o $ q !##ó

R[TJ6L o v

+6 lNJ; ZDL SZJ]\ JFlHA K[P SM. 56 TLJ| phŸZ JUZ sH[GM

p<,[B p5Z VFJL UIMf ALÔ 5F;[ ZDL SZFJJ]\ Ô.h GYLP 36F\ ,MSM

;FWFZ6 VXÂST4 ;FDFgI ALDFZLGF SFZ6[4 V[ H ÝDF6[ DF+ JC[D VG[

X\SFGF SFZ6[ S[ ALDFZL JWL HX[ VYJF ;FDFgI S1FFGL TS,LOG[ ACFG]\

AGFJLG[ 5MTFGL hFTG[ ;BT ALDFZ ;DÒG[ ALÔ 5F;[ ZDL SZFJL ,[

K[4 T[GFYL ZDL YTL GYL4 ND sGFG]\ ÔGJZ hAC SZJ]\f JFlHA Y. ÔI

K[P

ò$_!ó VXST ALDFZGF DF8[ ZDLGM ;DI

5C[,F\ lNJ;[ ZDLGM ;DI ;}IM"NI 5KL X~ YFI K[4 5Z\T] Ô[ SM.

CNYL JWFZ[ VXST VG[ ALDFZ CMI TM T[GF DF8[ ;}IM "NI 5C[,F\

;]aC;FlNS 5KL 56 ZDL Ô.h K[P V[ H ÝDF6[ ALÔ VG[ +LÔ lNJ;[

DUlZA ;]WL ;DI D]:TCA K[4 5Z\T] DF˜h}ZGF DF8[ DUlZA 5KL 56

SF\SZL DFZJFGL .ÔhT K[P

GM\W o v

CJ[ TM EL0 5]QS/ CMJFGF SFZ6[ NZ[S DF6; DF8[ ZF+[ SZFCT

JUZ ZDL SZJ]\ Ô.h K[P

ò$_Zó ALDFZ N;DL lh,lCHŸHCGL ZF+[ZDL SZ L ,[P

+6 lNJ; ZDL SZJ]\ sSF\SZL DFZJ]\f JFlHA K[P T[G[ KM0JF 5Z

ND sS]AF"GLf JFlHA YFI K[P 5C[,F\ lNJ;[ VYF"TŸ N;DL lh,lCHŸHCGF

lNJ;[ ZDLGM D;G}G ;DI ;}IM"NIYL X~ YFI K[P SM. 56 phŸZ JUZ

;}IM"NI 5C[,F\ sZDLf SZJ]\ DS~C K[P T[D KTF\ Ô[ VtI\T VXST VG[

SDÔ[Z T[DH ALDFZ DF6; ;}IM"NI 5C[,F\ ;]aC;FlNS 5KL H sZDLf SZL

,[\4 TM ZDL s;CLCf Y. HX[P CF\4 ;]aC;FlNSYL 5C[,F\ sZDLf N]Z]:T YX[

GCÄP ò—lCNFIC˜ o Z5!4 —D]VÂÐD],Ÿ C]HŸÔH˜ o !*_ó

ò$_#ó ALDFZ sTJFODF\f ZD, G SZ L XS[ TM X]\ SZ [ m

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SM. :+LG[ SM- sZSŸTl5¿fGM ZMU K[4 TM Ô[ SM. DF6; T[GM CS

VNF SZL XSTM CMI4 TM T[GFYL lGSFC SZJFDF\ SM. JF\WM GYLP

ò—lGhFD],Ÿ OTFJF˜ o # q &Zó

ò$Z)ó H[GL ÔTL X\SF:5N CMI V[JL :+LYL lGSFC SZJF

Ô[ SM. .g;FGGL ÔTL X\SF:5N CMI S[ 5]Z]QF K[ S[ :+L K[P 5Z\T]

:+LGF ,1F6M N[BFTF CMI4 NFB,F TZLS[ o U]%T V\U TM K[ 5Z\T] VtI\T

T\U s;F\S0]\f K[ VG[ KFTL 56 ;FWFZ6 pRSFI[,L K[4 5Z\T] 5]Z]QFGF SM.

,1F6 N[BFTF GYLP TM T[G[ XZ. ¹ÂQ8V[ :+L SC[JFDF\ VFJX[P H[YL SM.

5]Z]QFYL lGSFC SIF"4 TM lGSFC ;CLC YX[P VF V,U JFT K[ S[ ;\EMUGF

,FIS lA<S], G CMJFGF SFZ6[ 5lTG[ T,FSGM CS ÝF%T YX[P

ò—OTFJF DCD}lNiIC˜ o !! q !&&ó

ò$#_ó U}\UF4 AC[ZFGF lGSFCGM TZ LSM

lGSFC V[S 5lJ+ VG[ DHA}T SZFZ K[4 H[ A]ÂâXF/L VG[ 5]bT

JIGF DF6;GF A[ XaNM .ÔA sD\H}ZLf VG[ SA}, s:JLSFZfYL D]gVlSN

sVFIMlHTf Y. ÔI K[ VG[ .ÔA sD\H}ZLf VG[ SA}, s:JLSFZf Z]SG

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lGSFCGF A[ ÝSFZ YX[ o

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5MTFGF lGSFCDF\ sT[ KMSZLG[f SA}, SZLP KMSZM T[GF HJFADF\ ,BL

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Y. HX[P

ALÒ ZLT VF K[ S[ .XFZFYL lGSFC SZFJJFDF\ VFJ[P H[GL ZLT VF

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lGSFC SA}, SZL ZæM K[ VG[ ;F1FL 56 ;DÒ ÔI S[ lGSFC SA},

SZL ZæM K[P VF ZLT[ lGSFC Y. HX[P

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SZL N[JFDF\ VFJ[P

ò—OTFJF DCD}lNiIC˜ o !_ q #ZZ4

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—.dNFN],Ÿ OTFJF˜ o Z q !*54 —OTFJF ZCLlDiIC˜ o ( q #$(ó

ò$#!ó W}|HJFGL CF,TDF\ lGSFC SZJF

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TM VF ZMUGL CF,TDF\ T[G]\ slGSFCf SA}, SZJ]\ D]VTAZ GYLP H[YL VF

CF,TDF\ SZ[,F lGSFC G TM ;CLC YX[ VG[ G T[GF 5Z DC[Z JFlHA YX[

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ò$##ó AC[Z M DF6; UJFC GYL AGL XSTM

lGSFCGF ;CLC YJF DF8[ UJFCG]\ CMJ]\ VG[ AgG[ sKMSZF VG[

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;F\E/J]\ H~ZL K[P Ô[ UJFC CFHZ CMI 56 .ÔA VG[ SA}, VYJF

DF+ SA}, ;F\E/L XSIM GCÄ4 TM lGSFC N]Z]:T YX[ GCÄP H[YL Ô[

lGSFCGF ;DI[ DF+ A[ DF6; CFHZ CMI VG[ AgG[ VYJF V[S V[JM

AC[ZM CMI S[ JFT ;F\E/L XSTM GYL sE,[ AGFJG[ ;DÒ ZæF CMIf TM

56 lGSFC N]Z]:T YX[ GCÄP ò—ACZ˜ o # q !&5ó

ò$#$ó V\W DF6; UJFC AGL XS[ K[

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YM0L K}8 K[ VG[ O]SCFV[ lSZFD[ T[GF A[ NZÔ SFID SIF" K[ ov


òVó

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TCdD],[ XCFNT sXCFNTGL IMuITFf

VNFV[ XCFNT sXCFNTGL VNFIULf

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V,A¿4 Ô[ D}/E}T lGSFCGF YJF S[ G YJFDF\ WFZL ,M S[ lJZMW

p5Â:YT YFI VG[ DF˜D,M SFhL ;]WL 5CM\R[4 TM tIF\ T[GL sV\WGLf ;F1FL

U{Z D]VTAZ sVlJ`JF;]f 9ZX[P ò—ANF.V˜ o Z q 5Z*ó

ò$#5ó V\W SFh L lGSFC 5-FJL XS[ K[

lGSFC 5-FJGFZGL XZ. C[l;IT SIF\ TM DF+ ;OLZ sN}Tf VG[

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CMJ]\ XT" GYLP H[YL Ô[ SFhL slGSFC 5-FJGFZf V\W CMI S[ ;F1FLG[4

N]<CFG[ VG[ KMSZLGF JSL,G[ Ô[. XSTM G CMI4 TM 56 lGSFC 5-FJL

XS[ K[P ò—OTFJF DCD}lNiIC˜ o !# q !)5ó

ò$#&ó ALDFZGF lGSFC ALÔ[ DF6; SA},SZ L XS[ m

V[S DF6;GL XFNL GSSL Y.P GSSL SZ[,M lNJ; VG[ TFZLB

VFJL U.P jIJ:YFVM Y. U.P HIFZ[ T[ lGSFC 5-GFZ T[ H lNJ;[

ALDFZ Y. UIM VG[ CMÂ:58,DF\ NFB, YJ] \ 50I] \4 VYJF V[JM

5YFZLJX Y. UIM S[ lGSFCGL DHl,;DF\ T[ VFJL XSTM GYLP HIFZ[ S[

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TM T[GF S[8,FS ÝSFZ YX[ ov

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T[G[ lGSFC TM0JFGM VlWSFZ G YX[P

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VlWSFZ ÝF%T YX[P ò—lCNFIC˜ o Z q #!(ó

ò$#)ó JF,L JUZ 5FU,GF lGSFC SZJF

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T[DF\YL H lGSFC 56 K[ S[ 5FU, .g;FG 5MT[ lGSFC SZL XSTM GYL4 VG[

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VFJ[ S[ GCÄ m

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ò—VC;G],Ÿ OTFJF˜ o 5 q $_)4 —OTFJF VF,DULZL˜ o ! q 5Z5ó

ò$&(ó G;A\NLGF SFZ6[ H]NF.GM C Þ

G;A\NL XZ. ¹ÂQ8V[ V[S U]GM K[4 VG[ V[GFYL Ô[ S[ ;\EMUGL

XÂST T[GL CF,T 5Z AFSL ZC[ K[4 5Z\T] J\XJ'ÂâGL XÂST BTD Y. ÔI

K[P HIFZ[ S[ ;\TFG 5{NF SZJ]\ VG[ J\XJ'Ââ lGSFCGF D}/E}T C[T]VMDF\YL

K[P 56 DF+ J\XJ'Ââ VÝF%I YJFGF SFZ6[ H]NF. SZFJJFGM :+LG[

VlWSFZ G YX[P V,A¿4 B],V SZJFGL .ÔhT Y. XS[ K[P

ò—OTFJF ZCLlDiIC˜ o 5 q #ZZ4 —OTFJF VF,DULZL˜ o ! q 5Z5ó

ò$&)ó ZSTl5¿GF Z MULGL 5tGL

H]hFD VYF"TŸ SM- sZSTl5¿fGF A[ ÝSFZ K[P V[S V;,L

sD}/UTf VG[ H]G]\4 ALÔ[ VFlZh sC\UFDLf VG[ CFlN; sGJ]\f K[P

ò!ó

V;,L T[ K[ H[GF lJQF [ TALAL lJnFGF lGQ6FT 0MS8ZGF

;\XMWGYL DF˜,}D Y. ÔI S[ VF sDF6;f ,F .,FH sp5RFZ G Y. XS[

T[JMf K[P T\N]Z:TL D]ÂxS, VG[ VXSI K[P VF CF,TDF\ Ô[ 5tGL H]NF.GL

DF\U6L SZ[4 TM SFhL VYJF XZ. 5\RFITG[ TZT H lGSFC O:B SZL

N[JFGM VlWSFZ YX[P


_

_

òZó

VG[ Ô[ SM-GM ALÔ[ ÝSFZ K[ VYF"TŸ VFlZh sC\UFDLf VG[ CFlN;

sGJ]\f K[ S[ H[GF ;FZF YJFGL pdDLN VG[ XSITF K[4 TM TZT H lGSFC

O:B SZJFGM VlWSFZ G YX[P A<S[ V[S JQF" ;]WL p5RFZGL D]C,T

s;DIf VF5JFDF\ VFJX[P T[ V[S JQF" NZlDIFG Ô[ 5tGL o

;\EMU SZJF G N[4 VYJF

;\EMUGL bJFlCX G NXF"J[4 VYJF

5lTGL ;FY[ ZC[JFGL ZUAT 56 G YFI4

TM V[S JQF" 5}Z]\ Y. HJF 5KL Ô[ ;FZM Y. UIM4 TM lGSFCGM

CÞ BTD G YX[P GCÄTZ 5tGLG[ sH]NF.GLf DF\U6LGM VlWSFZ YX[ VG[

VF lGSFCGM CSS BTD SZJFG]\ SFD SFhL VYJF XZ. 5\RFIT DFZOT[

YX[P ò—OTFJF VF,DULZL˜ o ! q 5#&ó

ò$*_ó SFID ALDFZ ZC[GFZ L 5tGL X]\ SZ [ m

Ô[ SM.DF6; 5C[,F\YL ;FZM CTM4 lGSFC 5KL T[ SFIDL ALDFZL

VG[ T[ 56 3'6FHGS ZMUDF\ ;50F. UIM4 NFB,F TZLS[ o ~hFI GCÄ T[JM

hBD O}8L GLS?IM4 56 5]~QFFTGGL XÂST JU[Z[ BTD Y. GYL4 TM VF

CF,TDF\ 5tGLG[ lGSFCGM CÞ BTD SZJFGM VlWSFZ G YX[P

ò—OTFJF NFZ],Ÿ p,}D˜ o !_ q Z#Zó

V,A¿4 5lTv5tGLDF\ Ô[ 36L N}ZL 5{NF Y. ÔI S[ CÞMGL

VNFIUL N[BLTL ZLT[ VXSI CMI VG[ 5tGL SM. 56 ZLT[ T[GL ;FY[

ZC[JF ZFÒ G CMI4 A<S[ VgI lOtGFGM EI CMI VG[ AgG[ 51F TZOYL

A]ÂâDFG ChZFT lZxTF s;\A\WfG[ 9LS SZJFYL ,FRFZ Y. UIF CMI4 TM

5KL 5lTG[ ;DÔJJFDF\ VFJ[ S[ T,FS VF5L N[ VYJF B],VGL ZH}VFT

SZ[P

ò$*!ó 5lTGF ALDFZ YJF 5Z ALÔ lGSFC SZJFGM CÞ

5]~QFGF ALDFZ YJF 5Z :+LG[ VF VlWSFZ GYL S[ T[ 5MTFGF

ALÔ lGSFC SZL ,[P 5]~QFGF T,FS VF5JF JUZ s:+Lf ALÔ lGSFC SZL

XSTL GYLP V[ H ÝDF6[ XZ. CFlSD sSFhLfGF O[;,FYL 5C[,F\ 56

lGSFC Y. XSTF GYLP ò—lSOFIT],Ÿ D]OTL˜ o 5 q #!!ó

ò$*Zó 5lT V\W Y. ÔI

5lT Ô[ V\W Y. ÔI4 TM V[GF SFZ6[ :+LG[ lGSFCGM CÞ BTD

SZJFGM VlWSFZ ÝF%T YX[ GCÄP ò—OTFJF NFZ],Ÿ p,}D˜ o !_ q Z$_ó

ò$*#ó 5lT 5FU, Y. ÔI TM X]\ SZ [ m

H]G}G s5FU,56FfGF A[ ÝSFZ K[P V[S GJ]\ 5FU,56]\ VG[ ALH]\

H}G] 5FU,56]\ K[P

H]G}G[ CFlN; T[ K[ H[ 5FK/YL YI]\ CMI VG[ H]G}G[ D]TAS T[ K[ H[

C\D[XFYL CMIP

Ô[ SM. 5lT lGSFCGF ;DI[ T¡G ;CLC CTMP 56 5FK/YL

5FU, Y. UIMP VG[ T[GL 5tGL T[GL ;FY[ ZC[JF lA<S], T{IFZ GYL4 TM

XZ. SFhL VYJF XZ. 5\RFITDF\ 5MTFGM S[; NFB, SZ[P 5KL T[ SFhL


___

T[G[ V[S JQF"GL D]C,T s;DIf VF5[P Ô[ V[S JQF" NZlDIFG T[G]\ H]G}G

s5FU,56]\f N}Z Y. UI]\4 TM 5tGL C\D[X ÝDF6[ T[GF lGSFCDF\ AFSL

ZC[X[P VG[ Ô[ H]G}G s5FU,56]\f N}Z G YI]\4 TM 5KL ALÒ JBT lGSFCGM

CÞ BTD SZJFGM NF˜JM SZ[P T[ 5KL XZ. SFhL lGSFCGM CÞ BTD SZL

N[X[P lGSFCGM CÞ BTD YJF 5KL .¡T JLTFJLG[ T[ :+L SM. ALÔ ;FY[

lGSFC SZL XS[ K[P DF+ H]G}G s5FU,56FfGL ALDFZL YJFYL VF5D[/[

lGSFC O:B sBTDf YTF GYLP

ò—OTFJF VF,DULZL˜ o &*$4

—VF5S[ D;F., VÁZ pGSF C,˜ o 5 q !(&ó

ò$*$ó VW"5FU, VG[ N]Q8 lNDFUJF/FGL T,FS

V[JM DF6; H[GL A]Ââ AC[Z DFZL U. CMI4 VMKL ;DHJF/M CMI4

H[G]\ DUH 9[SF6[ G CMI4 VY" lJGFGL JFTM SZTM CMI4 A[-\UL56]\ CMI4

AZFAZ lJRFZL XSTM G CMI4 AZFAZ SFD SZL XSTM G CMIP V,A¿4

UF\0FGL H[D DFZFDFZL4 UF/M G VF5TM CMI4 V[JF DF6;G[ DVT}C

sVW"5FU,f SC[ K[P

V[ H ÝDF6[ T[ DF6; H[ ìNI VG[ DUHGL TS,LOGF SFZ6[ EFG

E},[,M VG[ DNCMX CMI S[ T[G[ 5MTFGL JFT VG[ SFDGL ;CLC BAZ

G 50TL CMI VYJF 5MTFGF SFA} JUZ JFTM VG[ SFDM T[ SZTM CMI4

TM V[JF DF6;G[ E|Q8 lNDFUJF/M SC[ K[P

Ô [ SM. DF6; DVT}C sVW"5FU,f CMI VYJF E |Q8

lNDFUJF/M CMI VG[ BZ[BZ V[JL H 5lZÂ:YlTDF\ T,FS VF5L CMI4 TM

sT,FSf YX[ GCÄP VG[ Ô[ T[ ;DI[ V[JL CF,T G CTL4 A<S[ T,FS AM,TF

;DI[ VYJF sT,FSf ,BTF ;DI[ A]Ââ N]Z]:T CTL VG[ Ô6LG[v;DÒG[

sT,FSf ,BL VYJF sT,FSf AM<IM4 TM T,FS Y. HX[P

ò—OTFJF VF,DULZL˜ o ! q #5#4 —lDxSFT XZLO˜ o Z q Z($4

—OTFJF ZCLlDiIC˜ o Z q !$54 —OTFJF DCD}lNiIC˜ o $ q !$$4

—OTFJF NFZ],Ÿ p,}D˜ o ) q !_!4 —ACZ˜ o # q #$)ó

ò$*5ó NJF ,[JFYL DNCMX Y. UIM VG[T,FS VF5L NLWL

Ô[ ALDFZ DF6;G[ 0MS8Z[ V[JL NJF VF5L H[GFYL BZ[BZ SM.

DNCMX Y. HTM CMI VG[ T[ ;DHXÂST VG[ ;}hA}h BM. GF\BTM CMI4

TM NJFGF SFZ6[ 56 SM. DNCMX YIM VG[ V[ H CF,TDF\ T,FS VF5L

NLWL4 TM T,FS YX[ GCÄP

ò$*&ó TFJ lNDFU 5Z R-L UIM VG[ T,FSVF5L NLWL

Ô[ TFJ lNDFU 5Z V[8,M R-L UIM S[ ASJF; SZJF ,FuIM4 T[G[

5MTFGL JFTG]\ SM. EFG H GYL4 Ô[ V[ H CF,TDF\ T[6[ T,FS SCL NLWL

TM sT,FSf YX[ GCÄP CF\4 ALDFZL N}Z YJF 5KL sT,FSf SC[JFYL T,FS

Y. HX[P

ò$**ó T,FS VF5JF 5KL 5lT Ô[ 5FU,56FGMNF˜JM SZ [

VF JFT TM D];ÐD sÝDFl6T4 lGlJ"JFNf K[ S[ 5FU,4 DNCMX

JU[Z[ DF6;MV[ VF5[,L T,FS YTL GYLP CJ[ Ô[ SM. DF6;[ T,FS VF5JF


_

_

5KL Sæ]\ S[ tIFZ[ sT,FS VF5JFGFf ;DI[ DFZF DUHG]\ ;DTM,G BTD

Y. UI]\ CT]\P UF\056GL Â:YlT pt5gG Y. U. CTLP YM0F ;DI 5KL

HIFZ[ EFG VFjI]\ TM 5:TFJM YIM4 TM VFJF 5FU,56FGM NF˜JM SZGFZ

DF6;GL T,FS YJF VG[ G YJFDF\ lJUTM VF K[ ov

Ô[ T[GF UF\056GL Â:YlT 5C[,F\YL ,MSMDF\ ÝbIFT CTL4 VG[ T[

;DI[ 56 BZ[BZ UF\056 CT]\4 TM T,FS YX[ GCÄP

VG[ Ô[ ,MSMDF\ 5C[,F\YL T[G]\ UF\0M CMJ]\ ÝbIFT G CT]\4 TM Ô[ A[

lJ`JF;] 5]Z]QF VYJF V[S lJ`JF;] 5]Z]QF VG[ A[ lJ`JF;] :+LVM VF

JFTGL ;F1FL VF5[ S[ T,FS VF5TF ;DI[ T[GL UF\056GL Â:YlT

CTL4 TM T,FS YX[ GCÄP

VG[ Ô[ 5FU, CMJ]\ 5C[,F\YL ,MSMG[ BAZ GYL VG[ T,FS VF5TF

;DI[ UF\056GL CF,T TFZL YJFYL p5Z H6FJ[, lJUTM D]HA A[

lJ`JF;] ;F1FL GYL4 TM T,FS Y. HX[P

Ô[ p5Z H6FJ[, XTM"GM l,CFh G ZFBJFDF\ VFJ[ TM NZ[S DF6;

NF˜JM SZJF ,FUX[ S[ C]\ DNCMX VG[ UF\0M Y. UIM CTMP

ò—.dNFN],Ÿ OTFJF˜ o Z q *_)4 —V,Ÿ pS}¡]lZ"iIC˜ o ! q #)ó

ò$*(ó 5FU,GL 5tGL ALÔ lGSFC SZ LXS[ K[ m

Ô[ SM. DF6; 5FU, Y. ÔI4 TM T[GL 5tGL VYJF 5tGLGF

JF,LVM ALÒ HuIFV[ T[GF lGSFC SZL XSTF GYLP CF\4 ALDFZL N}Z YJF

5KL T,FS ,. ,[ VYJF XZ. SFhL VYJF XZ. 5\RFITDF\ S[; NFB,

SZ[P VD]S XTM"GL ;FY[ lGSFC O:B Y. ÔI TM ALÒ HuIFV[ lGSFC SZL

XS[ K[P V[ l;JFI 5MT[ H lGSFC O:B Y. UIF ;DÒG[ sALÒ HuIFV[f

lGSFC SZJ]\ N]Z]:T YX[ GCÄP ò—lGhFD],Ÿ OTFJF˜ o !*$ó

ò$*)ó VA]W4 V6;DH] 5lTGL 5tGL X]\ SZ [ m

Ô[ SM. DF6; D}B" VYF"TŸ VMKL VÞ,JF/M CMI4 V,A¿

5FU,4 AFJ/M G CMI4 TM T[GL 5tGLG[ lGSFCGM CÞ BTD SZJFGM

VlWSFZ ÝF%T YX[ GCÄP Ô[ V[JF DF6;[ T,FS VF5L NLWL4 TM T,FS Y.

HX[P

5Z\T] Ô[ SM. DF6; V[JM VA]W4 V6;DH] CMI S[ T[G[ ;FZF4

BZFAGL BAZ ZC[TL GYL4 T[ X]\ AM,[[ K[ T[GL T[G[ S\. ;DH 50TL GYLP

A<S[ T[ 5FU, S[ VA]W DF6;GL CN ;]WL CZST SZ[ K[P SIFZ[S 3Z[YL

EFU[ K[4 SIFZ[S Z0JF ,FU[ K[4 lAG;\:SFZL S'tIM SZJF ,FU[ K[4

UF\0Lv3[,L JFTM SZ[ K[4 TM T[GL 5tGLG[ lGSFCGM CÞ BTD SZJFGM

VlWSFZ ÝF%T YX[P

ò—OTFJF NFZ],Ÿ p,}D˜ o !_ q Z$Z4 —lSOFIT],Ÿ D]OTL˜ o & q !$$ó

ò$(_ó V[.0hJF/F 5lTYL lGSFCGM CS BTD SZJFGM VlWSFZ

V[.0h V[S V[JM 3FTS VG[ R[5L ZMU K[ S [ V[ ÝSFZGF

ZMULVMYL D[/lD,F5 ÒJ,[6 ;FlAT YFI K[P H[YL Ô[ SM. DF6;G[ VF

ZMU YFI4 TM 5tGLG[ lGSFCGM CÞ BTD SZJFGM VlWSFZ YX[P

ò—VCD lOSCL O[;,[˜ o ()ó


ò!ó

òZó

ò#ó

34 D C [ Z G ] \ A I F GD C [ Z G ] \ A I F GD C [ Z G ] \ A I F GD C [ Z G ] \ A I F G

ò$(!ó GFDN" sG5]\;Sf VG[ lX`G sU]%TF\UfS5FI[, 5lT DF8[ DC[Z

lGSFC 5KL BAZ 50L S[ 5lT GFDN" sG5]\;Sf K[ VYJF lX`G

sU]%TF\Uf S5FI[, K[P T[ 5KL AgG[ JrR[ H]NF. Y. U.P H[YL Ô[ AgG[

JrR[ V[SF\TJF; Y. UIM K[4 TM 5}Z[5}ZL DC[Z VF5JL 5lT DF8[ JFlHA

YX[P VG[ Ô[ AgG[ JrR[ V[SF\TJF; G YIM CMI4 TM V0WL DC[Z 5lT DF8[

VF5JL JFlHA YX[P VG[ 5C[,F\ ÝSFZDF\ ;FJR[TL TZLS[ 5tGL DF8[ .¡T

U]ÔZJL 56 JFlHA YX[P

ò—OTFJF DCD}lNiIC˜ o !! q !)*4 —XFDL˜ o $ q #$)ó

GM\W o v

DHA}A V[JF DF6;G[ SC[ K[ H[G]\ lX`G sU]%TF\Uf S5FI[,]\ CMIP

ò$(Zó H[ G DN" CMI VG[ G VÁZT CMI T[GFDF8[ DC[Z

H[ DF6; G DN" CMI VG[ G VÁZT CMI VYF"TŸ AgG[DF\YL SM.

V[SGF ,1F6 N[BFTF G CMI4 T[G[ lCH0M SC[ K[4 lCH0FYL lGSFC SZJ]\

;CLC YT]\ GYLP H[YL T[GF DF8[ G 5}Z[5}ZL DC[Z K[4 G V0WL DC[Z K[4 S\.

JFlHA YX[ GCÄP Ô[ lCH0FV[ DC[Z VF5L NLWL VG[ AgG[ JrR[ V[SF\TJF;

56 YIM CMI4 TM 56 DC[Z 5FKL ,. XS[ K[P

ò—OTFJF NFZ],Ÿ p,}D˜ o ( q Z&_4 —XFDL˜ o &!ó

ò$(#ó H[GL ;FY[ ;\EMU XSI G CMI T[JF 5lTGL DC[Z

5tGL Ô[ IMlGDF\ CF0SL p5;L VFJJFGF ZMUGF SFZ6[ ;\EMUGF

lA<S], ,FIS G CMI4 VYF"TŸ ;M5FZLG]\ slX`G4 U]%TF\UGM BtGF SZ[,M

VU| EFUf NFB, SZJ] \ 56 XSI G CMI4 TM VF Â:YlTDF \ E,[

5lTv5tGL V[SF\TDF\ V[S HuIFV[ D?IF CMI4 TM 56 XZ. ¹ÂQ8V[ ;CLC

V[SF\TJF; ;FlAT YX[ GCÄP H[YL Ô[ V[ ZMUGF SFZ6[ V[SF\TJF; 5KL 56

AgG[ JrR[ H]NF. Y. ÔI4 TM 56 5lT DF8[ 5}Z[5}ZL DC[ZGF AN,[ V0WL

DC[Z VF5JL ,FlhD YX[P VG[ Ô[ ;M5FZLGM EFU s:+LGL IMlGDF\f

NFB, Y. XS[ TM 5}Z[5}ZL DC[Z ,FlhD YX[P

ò—lSOFIT],Ÿ D]OTL˜ o 5 q !Z*4 —OTFJF NFZ],Ÿ p,}D˜ o ( q #!(ó

GM\W o v

:+LGL IMlGDF\ CF0SL VFJL ÔI K[4 T[G[ —lZtS˜ SC[ K[P

V,A¿4 Ô[ 5lTv5tGLDF\YL Ô[ SM. D'tI] 5FD[ TM 5}Z[5}ZL DC[Z

,FlhD YX[P ò—.dNFN],Ÿ OTFJF˜ o Z q Z)*ó

ò$($ó ALDFZ LGL CF,TDF\ DC[Z DFO SZ L N[ TM m

Ô[ SM. :+LV[ 5MTFGL ALDFZLGF ;DIDF\ 5lTGL DC[ZG[ DFO SZL

NLWL4 TM T[GF A[ ÝSFZ YX[ ov

Ô[ T[ s:+Lf DMTGF ZMUDF\ ;50F. R]SL K[ VG[ VF Â:YlTDF\


DC[Z DFO SZ[ K[4 TM T[GF DFO SZJFGM SM. EZM;M GYL4 A<S[ T[GF D'tI]

5KL 5tGLGF JFZ;NFZMG[ DC[ZGL DF\U6LGM VlWSFZ YX[P CF\4 :+LGF

D'tI] 5KL 5]bT JIGF JFZ;NFZM DFO SZJF ZFÒ Y. ÔI TM DFO

SZGFZFVMGM EFU DFO Y. HX[P VG[ GFAFl,U s;ULZ JIGFf

JFZ;NFZMGM EFU DFO YX[ GCÄP

VG[ Ô[ T[6[ ALDFZLGL Â:YlTDF\ DC[Z DFO TM SZL4 5Z\T] T[ DMTGL

ALDFZLDF\ ;50FI[,L G CTL4 TM VF Â:YlTDF\ DFO SZJ]\ D]VTAZ YX[P

ElJQIDF\ SM.G[ DC[ZGL DF\U6LGM SM. VlWSFZ G ZC[X[P

OF IN M o v

DMTGL ALDFZLGM VY" VF K[ S[ V[JM ZMU S[ T[ H ZMUDF\ T[ :+LG]\

D'tI] Y. ÔIP VG[ DFO SZJF 5KL ZMU JWJF ,FU[ VG[ VXÂST JWJF

,FU[P ò—lSOFIT],Ÿ D]OTL˜ o 5 q !!(4 —N]Z[" D]bTFZ˜ o !_ q #5Z4 #(_ó

ò$(5ó D'tI]GL ALDFZ LDF\ 5lTGL lD<ST DC[ZGFAN,FDF\ 5tGLV[ ,BFJL ,[JL

Ô[ 5tGL 5lTGL ALDFZLGL CF,TDF\ DC[ZGF AN,FDF\ lD<ST

,BFJL ,[ VYJF A[ ;F1FLVMGF ~A~ 5lT 5F;[ SA}, SZFJL ,[ S[ O,F6L

J:T] DC[ZGF AN,FDF\ T[G[ VF5L NLWL4 HIFZ[ S[ sDC[ZGLf ZSD VMKL

CTL VG[ T[GF AN,FDF\ DM8L lD<ST 5tGLV[ ,BFJL ,LWL4 TM T[GM XZ.

C]SD VF K[ S[ Ô[ 5tGLV[ 5MTFGF 5lTYL VF DFD,M T[ ;DI[ SIM" HIFZ[ S[

T[ s5lTf D'tI]GL ALDFZLDF\ ;50F. UIM TM V[8,F DF8[ S[ D'tI]GL

ALDFZLGF AWF\ VlWSFZM JFZ;NFZMGF CSDF\ jIY" CMI K[4 H[YL 5lTG]\

,BL VF5J]\ VYJF ;F1FLVM ;D1F SCL N[J]\ jIY" VG[ GSFD]\ YX[ VG[ T[

lD<ST JFZ;FDF\ XFlD, YX[P CF\4 5tGL GSSL YI[, DC[ZGL ZSDGL

CSNFZ YX[P ò—VF5S[ D;F., VÁZ pGSF C,˜ o 5 q !&!ó

VG[ Ô[ D'tI]GL ALDFZLGL CF,TYL 5C[,F\ 5lTV[ DC[ZGF CSGF

AN,FDF\ DM8L lD<ST ,BL NLWL4 TM T[GL U]\Ô.X YX[4 VF XT[" S[ ALÔ

JFZ;NFZMG[ J\lRT SZJFGM .ZFNM VG[ I]ÂST G CMIP

ò$(&ó 5tGLGL ALDFZ LGF SFZ6[ lGSFC T}8[ TMDC[ZGM C]SD

DC[ZG] \ ,FlhD YJ] \ lGSFC SZJFYL YFI K[P Ô[ sAgG[ JrR[f

V[SF\TJF; G YIM CMI4 TM V0WL DC[Z VF5JL 50X[ VG[ Ô[ sAgG[ JrR[f

V[SF\TJF; Y. R]SIM CMI4 TM 5}ZL DC[Z 5lT DF8[ VF5JL ,FlhD YFI

K[P H[YL 5tGLGL SM. ALDFZLGF SFZ6[ Ô[ lGSFC T}8[4 TM 56 5tGL

DC[ZGL CSNFZ YX[P


35 . ¡ T G ] \ A I F G. ¡ T G ] \ A I F G. ¡ T G ] \ A I F G. ¡ T G ] \ A I F G

ò$(*ó .¡TGF ;DIDF\ ;}SFI[,M CD, sUE"f 50FJ GFZ :+LGL .¡TGL D]¡T

UE"JTL :+LGL .¡T Ý;}lT sAF/S 5{NF YJFf ;]WL K[P V[ 5C[,F\

.¡T 5}ZL Y. XSTL GYLP CJ[ Ô[ SM. :+LGM UE" ;}SF. ÔI VG[

AF/SGF HgDGM SM. Z:TM AFSL G ZC[4 TM T\N]Z:TLGF C[T]YL VG[ .¡T

5}ZL YJF DF8[ NJF JU[Z[GF DFZOT[ UE" 50FJL GF\BJM Ô.h YX[P

Ô[ UE"DF\ AF/SGF V\UM VD]S ÝDF6DF\ AGL UIF CTF4 TM T[GF

5F0L GF\BJFYL .¡T 56 5}ZL Y. HX[P VG[ Ô[ V\UM AgIF G CTF4 TM

T[GFYL .¡T 5}ZL YX[ GCÄP ò—OTFJF NFZ],Ÿ p,}D˜ o !_ q #$5ó

ò$((ó 5FU, :+LGL .¡T

5lTV[ 5tGLGF 5FU, CMJFGL CF,TDF\ VYJF T\N]Z:TLGL

CF,TDF\ T,FS VF5L NLWL4 TM T,FS Y. HX[ VG[ .¡T JLTFJJ]\ JFlHA

YX[P V,A¿4 T[GF s5tGLGFf JF,LVM DF8[ JFlHA YX[ S[ T[GL N[BZ[B

ZFB[ S[ 5FU,56FDF\ 3ZGL ACFZ RF,L G ÔIP

ò—OTFJF DCD}lNiIC˜ o 5 q #)(ó

ò$()ó GFDN" sG5]\;SfGL 5tGL 5Z .¡T

5lT VG[ 5tGL JrR[ V[SF\TJF; Y. ÔI4 VYF"TŸ SM. V[JL

HuIFV[ E[UF Y. ÔI S[ ;\EMU SZJFYL SM. J:T] VJZMWS G CMI4

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EFUGF DF, H[8,M U{Z JFZ;NFZ sDSFGGMf CSNFZ YX[P H[YL T[GL VFBL


lD<STDF\ T[ DSFG ! q # s+LÔf EFUGM NÔ"[ WZFJTM CMI4 TM 5KL T[

DSFGGM CSNFZ Y. HX[P VG[ Ô[ T[ DSFG +LÔ EFUGL lD<STYL JWFZ[

lSDTG]\ CMI4 TM JWFZ[ EFUGL lSDT T[6[ 5FKL VF5JL 50X[P

ò—XFDL˜ o 5 q &ó

ò5ZZó ,F\AF ;DI ;]WL ALDFZ ZC[GFZG]\Al1FX SZJ]\

Ô[ SM. ALDFZ DF6;GL ALDFZLGL D]¡T ,F\AL Y. ÔI4 NFB,F

TZLS[ o V[S JQF" VYJF V[YL JW] ;DI JLTL ÔI VG[ ALDFZL V[S CF,T

5Z SFID ZC[4 TM 5KL T[ DÁTGL ALDFZLGF C]SDDF\ ZC[TM GYL4 A<S[

T\N]Z:TGF C]SDDF\ Y. ÔI K[ VG[ VF CF,TGF T;Z] "OFT DÁTGL

ALDFZLGF T;Z]"OFT GYLP H[YL VF CF,TGF T;Z]"OFT sSFDMf Al1F;4

;NSC4 JSO D]VTAZ YX[P

ò5Z#ó DNCMXLGL CF,TDF\ Al1F; SZJ]\

Ô[ SM. DF6;[ DNCMXLGL CF,TDF\ Al1F; VYJF JSO S[

Jl;iIT SZL4 TM T[ D]VTAZ GYLP CF\4 Ô[ DNCMXLGL CF,T BTD Y.

ÔI VG[ ;DHXÂST Â:YZ Y. ÔI VG[ 5KL ALÒ JBT Al1F;4 JSO

VYJF Jl;iIT SZ[4 TM T[ D]VTAZ YX[P ò—DCD}lNiIC˜ o ( q #*!ó

ò5Z$ó DÁT 5KL Al1FX SZJ]\

Ô[ SM. DF6; 5MTFGF JFZ;NFZ VYJF U{Z JFZ;NFZG[ VF SCL

N[ S[ DFZF 5KL O,F6L J:T] VF5GL K[4 VYJF AW] H TFZ]\ K[P DF+ VF8,]\

Sæ]\ VG[ ;\5}6"56[ VF5LG[ DFl,S AGFjIF GCÄ4 TM VF Al1F; VF5J]\

;CLC GYL4 A<S[ D'tI] 5KL T[ DF, JFZ;FDF\ XFlD, YX[P

V[ H ÝDF6[ Ô[ SM. JFZ;NFZ VYJF lBNDT SZGFZ KMSZFYL

Sæ]\4 56 ;\5}6" SAÔ[ VF%IM GCÄ4 TM 56 V[GM SM. V[˜lTAFZ YX[ GCÄ

VG[ T[ V[GM CSNFZ VG[ DFl,S G YX[P

ò5Z5ó DÁTGL ALDFZ LDF\ JSOGL BAZ VF5JL

DÁTGL ALDFZLDF\ Ô[ SM. DF6;[ Sæ]\ S[4 O,F6]\ DSFG IF JF0L IF

HDLG VYJF O,F6M ;FDFG JSO K[P Ô[ VF BAZ Y. ÔI S[ T[GM DS;N

sC[T]f 5MTFGF TZOYL JSO SZJM K[4 TM VF Jl;iITGF C]SDDF\ U6FX[P

VG[ Ô[ V;, C[T] T[ ;DI[ JSO SZJ]\ GlC4 A<S[ JSO YI[,F CMJFGL BAZ

VG[ ÔC[ZFT SZJL K[4 TM 5KL T[ JSO ;DHJFDF\ VFJX[P

V[8,F DF8[ S[ DÁTGL ALDFZLGL CF,TDF\ JSO SZJ]\ Jl;iITGF

C]SDDF\ YFI K[ VG[ Jl;iIT +LÔ EFUGF DF,DF\ ÔZL YFI K[P H[YL

5C[,F ÝSFZDF\ T[ JSO SZ[,L J:T] T[GF ;\5}6" JFZ;FGF +LÔ EFU H[8,L

CMI TM ;CLC K[4 GCÄTZ +LÔ EFUYL JW] EFUGL SÄDT JFZ;NFZMG[

5FKL VF5JL JFlHA YX[P ò—XFDL˜ o 5 q &ó

ò5Z&ó DÁT 5KL JSO SZ [,L J:T]G[ VâZTF,ZFBJ]\

Ô[ SM. DF6;[ VF ÝDF6[ JSO SI]Å S[ DFZF D'tI] 5KL O,F6L


HDLG JSO K[4 VYJF V[ sHDLGfG[ J[RLG[ V<,FC TVF,FGF DFU"DF\4

NFB,F TZLS[ o DÂ:HN4 D§;FDF\ ,UFJJFDF\ VFJ[4 TM VF JSO SZJ]\

Jl;iITGF C]SDDF\ K[P H[YL Ô[ +LÔ EFUGF JFZ;FYL VMKL SÄDTGL

CMI4 TM ;CLC K[P GCÄTZ +LÔ EFUGF JFZ;FYL JW]DF\ T[G]\ JSO SZJ]\

N]Z]:T G YX[4 A<S[ +LÔ EFUDF\ H JSO SZJ]\ D]VTAZ YX[P

ò—VhLh],Ÿ OTFJF˜ o ! q *#!ó

ò5Z*ó JFZ;NFZ DF8[ Sh " JU[Z [ SA}, SZJ]\

lGID VF K[ S[ JFZ;NFZ DF8[ Sh"G]\ SA}, SZJ]\ DÁTGL ALDFZLDF\

D]VTAZ GYLP CF\4 ALÔ JFZ;NFZM T[G[ :JLSFZL ,[ TM D]VTAZ YX[P H[YL

H[ DF6; XZ. ¹ÂQ8V[ JFZ;NFZ CMI4 V[JF DF6; DF8[ DÁTGL ALDFZLDF\

;50FI[,F DF6;[ :JLSFZ SIM" S[ o

T[G]\ Sh" DFZF lhdD[ AFSL K[ VYJF

O,F6L J:T] T[GL K[4 H[ VDFGT~5[ DFZL 5F;[ K[ VYJF

T[GM O,F6M JFlHA YI[, CÞ DFZF lhdD[ K[P VYJF

SM. U{Z JFlHA J:T] T[G[ VF5JFGL Jl;iIT SZL VYJF VF5L NLWL4

TM VF J:T]VMGF :JLSFZ SZJFGM SM. V[˜lTAFZ G YX[4 A<S[ U{Z

D]VTAZ YX[P VG[ VF :JLSFZ SZJFYL S\. ,FlhD YX[ GCÄP H[YL T[

DF6; HIF\ ;]WL DÁTGL ALDFZLDF\ ;50FI[,M ZC[4 VF CF,TDF\ VF5J]\

JFlHA YX[ GCÄP VG[ T[GF D'tI] 5KL 56 VF5J]\ JFlHA YX[ GCÄP CF\4 Ô[

VgI JFZ;NFZM .ÔhT VF5L N[4 TM V,U JFT K[4 VF XT[" S[ AWF

JFZ;NFZM 5]bT JIGF CMIP

ò—D]OLN],Ÿ JFlZQFLG˜ o &( YL *Z4 —lSOFIT],Ÿ D]OTL˜ o ( q $$54

—XFDL˜ o ( q #(#ó

ò5Z(ó ALDFZG]\ Sh " JU[Z [ :JLSFZJ]\

DÁTGL ALDFZLDF\ 5MTFGF lhdD[ Ô[ SM. V[JF JFlHA YI[, CSGM

:JLSFZ SIM"4 H[G]\ JFlHA CMJ]\ ;FDFgI ZLT[ ,MSMG[ DF˜,}D K[ VYJF ;F1FL

DÁH}N K[4 TM VF :JLSFZ SZJM D]VTAZ YX[P VG[ VF Sh" VYJF

VDFGT JU[Z[ sH[GM :JLSFZ SIM" K[f lA<S], V[ H ÝDF6[ ,FlhD VG[

VNF SZJ]\ JFlHA YX[4 H[JL ZLT[ T\N]Z:TLGF ;DIDF\ Sh" JU[Z[ ,FlhD

YFI K[P ò—XFDL˜ o ( q #(_ó

ò5Z)ó lGS8GF ;UF\v;\A\WLGF DF8[ Sh " :JLSFZJ]\

Ô[ DÁTGL ALDFZLDF\ ;50FI[,F DF6;[ 5MTFGF JFZ;NFZGL 5tGL

VYJF JFZ;NFZGF 5]+GF DF8[ 5MTFGF lhdD[ Sh" JU[Z[GM :JLSFZ SIM"4 TM

:JLSFZ SZJM D]VTAZ YX[P SFZ6 S[ U{Z D]VTAZ T[ :JLSFZ SZJM K[ H[

JFZ;NFZGF DF8[ CMI4 VF VF :JLSFZ SZJM JFZ;NFZGF DF8[ GYLP

V,A¿4 VF XT" K[ S[ ;F1FL DÁH}N CMIP CF\4 JFZ;NFZM ;F1FL JUZ 56

:JLSFZ SZL ,[4 TM :JLSFZ ÝDF6[ VF5J]\ JFlHA YX[Pò—XFDL˜ o ( q #(Zó

ò5#_ó Sh " DFO SZ L N[J]\

Ô[ DÁTGL ALDFZLDF\ ;50FI[,F DF6; 5Z T[GL lD<STYL JW]

V[8,]\ Sh" K[ S[ AWM DF, Sh"GL VNFIULGF DF8[ SFOL s5}ZTMf GYLP

HIFZ[ S[ B}N T[G]\ Sh" 56 ALÔGF lhdD[ K[4 VG[ T[6[ 5MTFGF Sh"NFZG[

DFO SZL NLWM4 TM DFO SZJ]\ D]VTAZ G YX[P SFZ6 S[ V[DF\ ,[6NFZMGM

CS DFZJM K[P ò—XFDL˜ o ( q #(Zó


____

ò5#!ó Sh " J;}, YJFGM :JLSFZ SZJ]\

Ô[ DÁTGL ALDFZLDF\ ;50FI[,F DF6;G]\ Sh" SM.GF lhdD[ AFSL

CMI VG[ T[ Sh" T\N]Z:TLGL CF,TDF\ VYF"TŸ DÁTGL ALDFZLYL 5C[,F\

JFlHA YI[,]\ CMI VG[ CJ[ T[ DÁTGL ALDFZLDF\ :JLSFZ SZTM CMI S[ D[\ T[

Sh" ,[6NFZYL J;}, SZL ,LW]\ K[4 TM VF :JLSFZ SZJ]\ Ô.h VG[ N]Z]:T

K[P VF XT[" S[ T[ Sh"NFZ DF6; ALDFZ DF6;GF T[ JFZ;NFZMDF\YL G CMI

H[ T[GF DF,DF\YL EFU D[/JX[P SFZ6 S[ JFZ;NFZ DF8[ V[J]\ :JLSFZ SZJ]\

N]Z]:T GYLP ò—XFDL˜ o ( q #(Zó

ò5#Zó D'tI] 5FD[, JFZ;NFZYL Sh " JU[Z [ D[/JL ,LWFGM :JLSFZ SZJM

Ô[ SM. XZ. JFZ;NFZ ÒJTM CMI VG[ ALDFZ DF6; DÁTGL

ALDFZLGL CF,TDF\ :JLSFZ SZ[ S[ T[6[ Sh" JU[Z[ VNF SZL NLW]\ K[4 TM DF+

T[GF :JLSFZ SZJFYL T[ JFZ;NFZ HJFANFZLDF\YL D]ST YX[ GCÄP

V,A¿4 Ô[ T[ JFZ;NFZ D'tI] 5FDL R]SIM K[ VG[ T[ D'tI] 5FD[, JFZ;NFZ

lJQF[ DÁTGL ALDFZLDF\ ;50FI[,M DF6; DF+ :JLSFZ SZ[ K[ S[ T[GFYL Sh"

JU[Z[ D[/JL ,LW]\ K[4 TM T[G]\ :JLSFZ SZJ]\ D]VTAZ YX[ VG[ D'tI] 5FD[,

JFZ;NFZGF JFZ;FDF\YL Sh"GL DF\U6LGM VlWSFZ ZC[X[ GCÄP

ò—D]OLN],Ÿ JFlZQFLG˜ o *!4 —XFDL˜ o ( q #(#ó

40 J l ; I T G ] \ A I F GJ l ; I T G ] \ A I F GJ l ; I T G ] \ A I F GJ l ; I T G ] \ A I F G

ò5##ó Jl;IT ,BJFGL Oh L,T

CÞMGF A[ ÝSFZ K[4 V[S C]S}S]<,FC sV<,FCGF CÞMf4 VG[ ALÔ[

C]S}S],Ÿ .AFN sDFGJ CÞMfP

V<,FCGF CÞMDF\ Ô[ SMTFCL sp65f YFI K[ TM VFXF K[ S[

DUlOZT Y. ÔIP 5Z\T] DFGJ CÞMGM DF˜D,M VtI\T H ;\ULG VG[

36M GFH]S K[4 SFZ6 S[ HIF\ ;]WL CSNFZGM CS VNF SZJFDF\ G VFJ[4

VYJF T[GFYL DFO SZFJJFDF\ G VFJ[4 tIF\ ;]WL A\NFVMGF CÞM DFO YTF

GYLP ALDFZLGL CF,TDF\ NNL"G]\ ìNI GZD ZC[ K[ VG[ ,MSMGF ìNIMDF\

56 CDNNL" s;CFG]E}lTf ZC[ K[4 V[8,F DF8[ ÝYD TM SM.GF CÞM

5MTFGF lhdD[ AFSL ZC[JF G Ô[.V[P 5Z\T] Ô[ CÞM AFSL K[4 TM IYF XÂST

T[G[ VNF SZL N[J]\ Ô[.V[P VG[ Ô[ sVNF SZJFGLf XÂST G CMI4 TM

Jl;iITGFDFDF\ H~Z ,BLG[ ZFBJ]\ Ô[.V[4 H[YL T[GF D'tI] 5KL Jl;IT

ÝDF6[ T[GF JFZ;FDF\YL VNF SZL XSFIP

GALV[ VSZD ;ÐÐFC] V,IlC J ;ÐD[ .XF"N OZDFjIM S[ o

——SM. D];,DFGGF DF8[ VF IMuI GYL S[ T[GL 5F;[ SM. V[JL

J:T] CMI4 H[GF lJQF[ T[ Jl;IT SZJF .rKTM CMI4 VF S[ A[ ZFT

JLTL ÔI4 56 T[GL 5F;[ Jl;IT ,B[,L CMIP˜˜

ò—lDxSFT XZLO˜ o Z&5ó

Jl;IT ,BGFZFVM lJQF[ OhL,T wIFG5}J"S JF\RM o


GALV[ VSZD ;ÐÐFC] V,IlC J ;ÐD[ .XF"N OZDFjIM S[ o

——H[ DF6;G]\ D'tI] Jl;IT ,BJF 5KL YI]\4 T[ ;LWF DFU" 5Z VG[

;]gGTJF/F Z:TF 5Z D'tI] 5FdIMP VG[ TSJF s5ZC[hUFZLf VG[

XCFNT 5Z T[G]\ D'tI] YI]\P VG[ DUlOZTGL CF,TDF\ N]lGIFYL

UIMP˜˜ ò—.aG[ DFHC XZLO˜ó

VF 5lJ+ CNL; XZLOYL Jl;ITGL DCtJTF VG[ OhL,TGM

V\NFhM ,UFJMP ChZFT[ ;CFAF sZlNPf VG[ 5}J"Ô[ T[DH DCFG

DFGJLVMDF\ T[GM 36M H ÝA\W CTMP V[8,F DF8[ IMuI VF K[ S[ Ô[ SM.

DF6;G]\ Sh" AFSL K[ VYJF VDFGT K[ VYJF SM. pWFZ ,LW[,]\ CMI4 TM

Jl;ITGFDFDF\ ,BL ,[4 H[YL D'tI] 5KL JFZ;NFZM T[G[ 5}Z]\ SZL ,[4 VG[ T[

sDZGFZf 5S0YL ARL ÔIP

V[ H SFZ6[ O]SCFV[ lSZFD[ ,bI]\ K[ S[ o

——H[GF lhdD[ SM. JFlHA CÞ CMI4 TM T[GF DF8[ Jl;IT SZJ]\

JFlHA K[4 H[YL ALÔVMGM CÞ AZAFN G YFI4 VG[ T[

VFlBZTGF VhFAYL ARL ÔIP˜˜ ò—XFDL˜ o !_ q ##&ó

ò5#$ó Jl;ITGF S[8,FS D;V,FVM

.g;FGG[ XZLVT[ VF JFTGM VlWSFZ VF%IM K[ S[ 5MTFGF DF,GL

+LÔ EFUGL Jl;IT JFZ;NFZM l;JFI SM. VgI DF8[ VYJF

DÂ:HN JU[Z[ DF8[ SZL N[P

Ô[ +LÔ EFUGF DF,YL Vl3SGL Jl;IT SZL4 TM JW] DF,DF\

Jl;IT ;CLC G YX[4 A<S[ +LÔ EFUDF\ H Jl;IT ÔZL YX[P

V,A¿4 AWF\ JFZ;NFZM 5]bT JIGF CMI VG[ B}XLYL .ÔhT

VF5L N[4 TM VF V,U JFT K[P

SM. JFZ;NFZ DF8[ Jl;IT D]VTAZ GYLP Ô[ sJFZ;NFZ DF8[f

Jl;IT SZL4 TM 56 sJl;ITf ;CLC YX[ GCÄP CF\4 JFZ;NFZM

;CDT Y. ÔI4 TM VF V,U JFT K[P

SM. V[JF lGS8GF DF6; DF8[ Jl;IT SZL S[ SM. VSŸZA sB}A H

GÒSGM DF6;f DMH}N CMJFGF SFZ6[ T[ J\lRT Y. ZæM CMI4 Ô[ T[

VSŸZA sB}A H GÒSGM DF6;f G CMT[4 TM V[ J\lRT G YT[4 TM

V[JF lGS8GF ;UF\ DF8[ 56 Jl;IT ;CLC K[4 NFB,F TZLS[ o 5]+

VG[ 5Á+ AgG[ DÁH}N CMI TM 5]+ AF5GF DF8[ B}A H GÒSGM ;UM

K[4 T[GL DMH}NULDF\ 5Á+ J\lRT YFI K[4 56 Ô[ KMSZM G CMT[4 TM

5Á+G[ EFU D/T[P H[YL H[JL ZLT[ SM. VÔ^IF DF8[ Jl;IT SZJ]\

;CLC K[4 V[JL H ZLT[ J\lRT 5Á+GF DF8[ 56 Jl;IT SZJ]\ ;CLC

YX[P

ò—XFDL˜ o !_ q ##(4 ##)4 —VF5S[ D;F., VÁZ pGSF C,˜ o & q #)5ó

ò5#5ó S[8,F DF,GL Jl;IT SZ L XS[ K[ m

XZLVT[ .g;FGG[ 5MTFGF DF,DF\ Jl;IT SZJFGM VlWSFZ

VF%IM K[P T[D KTF\ 56 Jl;ITGF D]VTAZ sEZM;F5F+f YJFGF DF8[

XT" VF K[ S[ +LÔ EFUGF JFZ;FYL VlWS G CMIP

H[YL Ô[ +LÔ EFUYL VlWSGL Jl;IT SZL NLWL VG[ T[GM SM.

JFZ;NFZ 56 CFHZ K[4 TM +LÔ EFU ;]WL H Jl;IT ,FU] YX[P T[GF

JW]DF\ Jl;IT D]VTAZ U6FX[ GCÄP CF\4 Ô[ AWF\ JFZ;NFZM 5]bT JIGF

CMI4 VG[ AWF\ ZFÒB}XLYL +LÔ EFUYL VlWS VF5JF 5Z ;CDT Y.

ÔIP sTM VF5J]\ Ô.h K[Pf ò—XFDL˜ o !_ q ##)ó


ò!ó

òZó

ò#ó

ò$ó

ò5#&ó JFZ;NFZGF DF8[ Jl;IT SZJL

SM. DF6;[ SM. V[JL jIÂST DF8[ Jl;IT SZL4 H[ T[GF D'tI] 5KL

5MT[ V[ H JFZ;FDF\ JFZ;NFZ YX[ VG[ XZ. lC:;FGM CSNFZ YX[4 TM

V[JF SM. 56 DF6; DF8[ Jl;IT D]VTAZ GYLP H[YL Ô[ 5tGL4 DF4

AF54 ;\TFG VYJF SM. lBNDT SZGFZ KMSZF JU[Z[GF DF8[ 56 Jl;IT

SZ[4 TM T[ Jl;IT SZJ]\ D]VTAZ GYLP V,A¿4 Ô[ AWF\ H JFZ;NFZM

5]bT JIGF CMI VG[ NZ[S B}XLYL .ÔhT VF5L N[4 TM Jl;IT ÝDF6[

VF5J]\ Ô.h YX[P ò—XFDL˜ o !_ q ##*ó

ò5#*ó ;[JF SZGFZ JFZ;NFZGF DF8[ Jl;ITSZJL

DM8[ EFU[ S[8,FS ;\TFGDF\YL SM. V[SvA[ ;\TFGG[ ;[JF SZJFGM

DMSM JW] D/[ K[P VG[ VF ;[JF SZJ]\ T[ ;\TFGGF DF8[ 36L DM8L ;VFNT

s;ÁEFuIf K[P DM8[ EFU[ T[ 5MTFGL VF ;[JF SZJFGF SFZ6[ VFJSGF

;F3GMDF\ G]S;FG 56 AZNFxT SZ[ K[P V[JF EFuIXF/L VG[ G;LANFZ

;\TFGGF DF8 [ D 'tI ] 5FDGFZ JFl,NGF ìNIDF \ A[5GFC XOÞT

s;CFG]E}lTf 5{NF YFI K[P H[GF 5lZ6FD[ Jl;IT SZ[ K[ S[ O,F6L lD<ST

T[G[ lBNDT SZJFGF AN,[ VF5JFGL Jl;IT SZ]\ K]\P 5Z\T] V[8,F DF8[ S[

XZLVTGM 5MTFGM lGID K[ S[ JFZ;NFZGF DF8[ Jl;IT SZJ]\ N]Z]:T GYLP

V[8,F DF8[ T[GF DF8[ Jl;IT SZJ]\ D]VTAZ G YX[P CF\4 JFZ;NFZMG[

Ô[.V[ S[ D'tI] 5FDGFZGF HhAFT sEFJGFVMfGM bIF, ZFBLG[ T[GL

Jl;iITG[ ,FU] SZL N[P T[D KTF\ 56 Ô[ JFZ;NFZM ,FU] G SZ[ TM ;[JF

SZGFZ ;\TFGG[ VF ;[JFGF AN,FDF\ N]lGIF VG[ VFlBZTDF\ H[ S\.

D/JFG]\ K[4 T[ 36]\ JWFZ[ CMI K[P H[GF V;\bI GD}GFVM N]lGIFDF\ DÁH}N

K[P H[YL T[6[ pNF; VG[ lGZFX YJ]\ G Ô[.V[P ò—XFDL˜ o !_ q ##*ó

ò5#(ó lGS8GF ;UF\v;\A\WLGF DF8[ Jl;IT SZJL

D'tI] 5FDGFZ[ SM. V[JF DF6; DF8[ Jl;IT SZL S [ D'tI]

5FDGFZGF D'tI] ;DI[ VF DF6; T[GM JFZ;NFZ GYL YTM4 NFB,F TZLS[ o

D'tI] 5FDGFZGM lGS8GM ;UM DÁH}N K[4 H[D S[ o D'tI] 5FDGFZGM 5]+

VG[ 5Á+ K[ VYJF EF. VG[ E+LÔ[ K[4 AC[G VG[ EF6[H K[4 AF5 VG[

NFNF K[4 TM V[8,F DF8[ S[ 5Á+ KMSZFGL CIFTLDF\4 E+LÔ[ EF.GL

CIFTLDF\4 EF6[H AC[GGL CIFTLDF\4 NFNF AF5GL CIFTLDF\ JFZ;NFZ YTF

GYLP H[YL Ô[ SM. D'tI] 5FDGFZ[ 5]+GL CFHZLDF\ 5Á+GF DF8[ Jl;IT

SZL4 TM VF Jl;IT SZJ]\ N]Z]:T YX[ VG[ 5Á+G[ Jl;IT ÝDF6[ +LÔ

EFUGF DF, ;]WL JFZ;FDF\YL VF5JFDF\ VFJX[P VF H Â:YlT NZ[S T[

DF6;GL YX[ H[ SM. lGS8GF ;UF.v;\A\WGF SFZ6[ sJFZ;FYLf J\lRT

Y. ZæM CMI4 Ô[ T[GF DF8[ Jl;IT SZJFDF\ VFJ[4 TM Jl;IT D]VTAZ

YX[P ò—XFDL˜ o !_ q ##*ó

ò5#)ó JFZ;FYL J\lRT 5Á+GF DF8[ Al1FXVYJF Jl;IT SZJL

XZLVTGM VF lGID K[ S[ lGS8GF ;UF\v;\A\WLGL CIFTLDF\

N}ZGM ;UM J\lRT Y. ÔI K[[P VF H SFZ6 K[ S[ Ô[ SM. DF6;GF S[8,FS

5]+M CMI4 T[DF\ SM. V[S s5]+f JFl,NGF ÒJGDF\ H D'tI] 5FD[4 TM


T[sD'tI] 5FDGFZ 5]+fGF ;\TFG NFNFGL lD<STDF\YL J\lRT Y. ÔI K[P

HIFZ[ S[ DM8F EFU[ B}N D'tI] 5FDGFZ 5]+GL DFl,SLDF\ S\. GYL CMT]\P T[

KTF\ 56 T[GF ;\TFGG[ NFNFGL lD<STDF\YL S\. D/T]\ GYLP T[GM VF VY"

lA<S], GYL S[ XZLVT VF ITLDM sVGFY4 lGZFWFZfGM bIF, SZTL GYL4

A<S[ JFZ;FGF SFG}GGF AN,[ DNN VG[ ;CSFZGF ALÔ DFUM" ATFjIF K[ o

NFNF 5MTFGF ÒJGDF\ H Al1FX VG[ TMCOM VF5LG[ T[DG[ SAÔ[

VF5L N[4 H[YL BF,L CFY ZCL G ÔIP

VYJF 5KL +LÔ EFUGF DF, ;]WL Jl;IT SZL ÔI S[ NFNFGF D'tI]

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