maritime technology outlook and future development of lng...
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DNV GL © 2013 06.06.2014 SAFER, SMARTER, GREENER DNV GL © 2013
27.06.2014
Dr. Gerd Würsig; Business Director LNG fuelled ships
MARITIME
Technology outlook and future development of LNG as ship fuel
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Naples Shipping Week 2014
DNV GL © 2013 06.06.2014
The alternatives to HFO and MGO in shipping
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SHIP ELECTRIFICATION AND RENEWABLES
• Efficient use of energy • Batteries enable use of renewable power
BIOFUELS
• Second and third-generation biofuels • Can be mixed with conventional fossil fuels
OTHER OPTIONS
• E.g. LPG, methanol, ethanol, hydrogen
LIQUIFIED NATURAL GAS
• A proven and available solution
DNV GL © 2013 06.06.2014
Sailing LNG fuelled vessels, examples
Stril Pioner Viking Energy
Mastrafjord, Raunefjord,
Bergensfjord, Stavangerfjord Patrol vessels Barentshav, Bergen, Sortland
Tidekongen, Tidedronningen, Tideprinsen Moldefjord Viking Lady also with Fuel cell!
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LNG fuelled ships today and tomorrow
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Ships running on LNG today Ships running on LNG tomorrow
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LNG as fuel for cruise ships
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DNV GL © 2013
48 LNG fuelled ships in operation worldwide
Year Type of vessel Owner Class
2000 Car/passenger ferry Fjord1 DNV
2003 PSV Simon Møkster DNV
2003 PSV Eidesvik DNV
2006 Car/passenger ferry Fjord1 DNV
2007 Car/passenger ferry Fjord1 DNV
2007 Car/passenger ferry Fjord1 DNV
2007 Car/passenger ferry Fjord1 DNV
2007 Car/passenger ferry Fjord1 DNV
2008 PSV Eidesvik Shipping DNV
2009 PSV Eidesvik Shipping DNV
2009 Car/passenger ferry Tide Sjø DNV
2009 Car/passenger ferry Tide Sjø DNV
2009 Car/passenger ferry Tide Sjø DNV
2009 Patrol vessel Remøy Management DNV
2009 Car/passenger ferry Fjord1 DNV
2010 Patrol vessel Remøy Management DNV
2010 Car/passenger ferry Fjord1 DNV
2010 Patrol vessel Remøy Management DNV
2010 Car/passenger ferry Fjord1 DNV
2010 Car/passenger ferry Fjord1 DNV
2010 Car/passenger ferry Fosen Namsos Sjø DNV
2011 PSV DOF DNV
2011* Chemical tanker Tarbit Shipping GL
2011 Car/passenger ferry Fjord1 DNV
2011 PSV Solstad Rederi DNV
Year Type of vessel Owner Class
2012* Car/passenger ferry Fjord1 DNV
2012 PSV Eidesvik DNV
2012 PSV Olympic Shipping DNV
2012 PSV Island Offshore DNV
2012 General Cargo Nordnorsk Shipping DNV
2012 PSV Eidesvik Shipping DNV
2012 PSV Island Offshore DNV
2012 Car/passenger ferry Torghatten Nord DNV
2012 Car/passenger ferry Torghatten Nord DNV
2012 Car/passenger ferry Torghatten Nord DNV
2013 PSV REM DNV
2013 RoPax Viking Line LR
2013 Car/passenger ferry Torghatten Nord DNV
2013 Harbor vessel Incheon Port Authority KR
2013 General Cargo Eidsvaag DNV
2013 RoPax Fjordline DNV
2013 High speed RoPax Buquebus DNV
2013 Tug CNOOC CCS
2013 Tug CNOOC CCS
2013 Car/passenger ferry Norled DNV 2014 Car/passenger ferry Norled DNV 2014 Tug Buksér & Berging DNV 2014 RoPax Fjordline DNV
Updated 07.03.2014 Excluding LNG carriers and inland waterway vessels
Ships in operation
* Conversion project
MARKET AND TECHNOLOGY
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DNV GL © 2013
53 confirmed LNG fuelled newbuilds - DNV GL also first choice for future projects
Year Type of vessel Owner Class
2014 Ro-Ro Norlines DNV
2014 Ro-Ro Norlines DNV
2014 Patrol vessel Finish Border Guard GL
2014 Car/passenger ferry Society of Quebec LR
2014 Car/passenger ferry Society of Quebec LR
2014 Car/passenger ferry Society of Quebec LR
2014 Tug Buksér & Berging DNV
2014 PSV Harvey Gulf Int. ABS
2014 PSV Harvey Gulf Int. ABS
2014 PSV Harvey Gulf Int. ABS
2014 PSV Harvey Gulf Int. ABS
2014 Gas carrier SABIC BV
2014 Gas carrier SABIC BV
2014* Product tanker Bergen Tankers LR
2014 General Cargo Egil Ulvan Rederi DNV
2014 General Cargo Egil Ulvan Rederi DNV
2014 PSV Remøy Shipping DNV
2014 Car/passenger ferry AG Ems GL
2014* Car/passenger ferry AG Ems GL
2014 Car/passenger ferry Samsoe Municipality DNV
2014 Ro-Ro Sea-Cargo DNV
2014 Ro-Ro Sea-Cargo DNV
2015 PSV Siem Offshore DNV
2015 PSV Siem Offshore DNV
2015 PSV Simon Møkster DNV
2015 PSV Harvey Gulf Int. ABS
2015 PSV Harvey Gulf Int. ABS
Year Type of vessel Owner Class
2015 LEG carrier Evergas BV
2015 LEG carrier Evergas BV
2015 LEG carrier Evergas BV
2015 Bulk ship Erik Thun LR
2015 Container Ship Brodosplit DNV GL
2015 Container Ship Brodosplit DNV GL
2015 PSV Siem Offshore
2015 PSV Siem Offshore
2015 Container Ship TOTE Shipholdings ABS
2016 Container Ship TOTE Shipholdings ABS
2016 Icebreaker Finnish Transport A. LR
2016 PSV Siem Offshore
2016 PSV Siem Offshore
2016 Chemical tanker Terntank
2016 Chemical tanker Terntank
2016* Ro-Ro TOTE Shipholdings ABS
2016* Ro-Ro TOTE Shipholdings ABS
2016 Car carrier UECC LR
2016 Car carrier UECC LR
2016 Car/passenger ferry Boreal Transport
2016 Car/passenger ferry Boreal Transport
2017 RoPax Brittany Ferries BV
2017 Container Ship Crowley Maritime DNV GL
2017 Container Ship Crowley Maritime DNV GL
2018 Container Ship Matson Navigation DNV GL
2018 Container Ship Matson Navigation DNV GL
* Conversion project
Confirmed orderbook
Updated 07.03.2014 Excluding LNG carriers and inland waterway vessels
MARKET AND TECHNOLOGY
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DNV GL © 2013
Fig 1. Development of LNG fuelled ship fleet
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DNV GL © 2013
The use of LNG in shipping starts now - 1000 LNG fuelled vessels in 2020 -
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Forecast_Tables_1309 GEWUE LNG Ready.xlsx
DNV GL © 2013 SAFER, SMARTER, GREENER DNV GL © 2013
LNG Ready Service
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Get ready for the future - today
DNV GL © 2013
There are four steps to become LNG ready
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LNG READY SERVICE
2. CONCEPT REVIEW
Review of engine and tank type selection
Concept Design Review
Rules and regulations
Fit for purpose and best practice
Concept HAZID
1. FUEL DECISION SUPPORT
Operational profile
Concept design (tank size & location)
Financial assessment (CAPEX, OPEX,
pay-back time and sensitivity analysis)
Fuel availability
3. APPROVAL IN PRINCIPLE
For novel designs
For LNG Ready designs
4. RISK ASSESSMENT
Assessment of safety level of LNG fuel
system (mandatory by IMO)
Basis for investment
decision and outline
specification
Basis for
yard/designer
negotiations
Basis for contract
Basis for acceptance
by administration
Decision Points. Proceed with the LNG option or not.
CLASS APPROVAL (after vessel is ‘LNG Ready’)
DNV GL © 2013
Fuel decision
Risk assessment
Initial design
Concept review
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Scrubber LNG
(LNG Ready service)
MGO
Other
(Methanol, Battery ++)
Scrubber selection &
benchmarking
Technology Qualification
Approval in principle
Risk assessment
Engine/tank selection
review
Concept HAZID
Concept design review
Concept HAZID
Detailed tech feasibility
study
Makers selection review
Technology Qualifica-
tion
ECA and fuel decision support Business Case
© Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved.
What kind of engine are available for gas as fuel?
Gas only engines
- Low pressure gas supply
- mixture formation outside of the cylinder
- Spark ignition
Dual fuel 4-Stroke engines
- Low pressure gas supply
- Mixture formation outside of the cylinder
- Ignition by pilot fuel oil
Dual fuel 2-stroke engines (since 2013)
- Low or high pressure gas supply
- Mixture formation
- during compression stroke or
- at the end of the compression stroke
- Ignition by pilot oil
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DNV GL © 2013 06.06.2014
0 5 000 10 000 15 000 20 000 25 000 30 000 35 000 40 000
RT-flex50DF
X52DF (2016)
X62DF (2015)
X72DF (2016)
X82DF (2016)
X92DF (2017)
S80 ME GI
S70 ME GI
S65 ME GI
S60 ME GI
S50 ME GI
S40 ME GI
Power [kW]
Gas engines [range in kW]
MA
N D
iese
l & T
urb
oW
ärts
ilä
There is now a range of available and announced 2-stroke gas engines (DF-engines)
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DNV GL © 2013 06.06.2014
0 2 000 4 000 6 000 8 000 10 000 12 000 14 000 16 000 18 000 20 000
L20DF
L34DF
V34DF
L50DF
V50DF
C26:33 L
B35:40 L
B35:40 V
M34DF
M46DF
L51/60 DF
V51/60 DF
L28/32DF (2014)
L23/30DF
L35/44DF (2014)
V35/44DF (2014)
GS12/16R
Power [kW]
Gas engines [range in kW]
Ro
lls
Ro
yce
MA
N D
iese
l & T
urb
oW
ärts
ilä
Mitsubishi
Cat
er-
pill
arAnd there is a also range of available and announced 4-stroke gas
engines (DF and gas only engines)
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© Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved.
F
A tank to store the LNG on board of the ship
Type C
(which is NOT (only) a pressure vessel) - leakage free tank
- leaks possible only from valves
Type B Tank - only minor leaks of the tank structure possible
- limited liquefied gas release has to be handled
Type A and Membrane Tank - complete first barrier failure not excluded
- Liquefied gas release has to be handled
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Protect the hull from so much cold gas or you risk the ship!
DNV GL © 2013
Bunkering LNG
2013 ISO Guidelines for systems and installations for supply of LNG as fuel to ships
(OGP Draft 118683) (draft published in June 2013)
DNV Recommended Practice for development and operation of LNG bunker
installations (under preparation; published in late 2013)
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DNV GL © 2013
Bunkering LNG – flow -
8 m/s
m**3 in 20
m hose inch m**3/s
0,041 2 0,02
0,063 2,5 0,03
0,091 3 0,04
0,162 4 0,06
0,253 5 0,10
0,365 6 0,15
0,497 7 0,20
0,649 8 0,26
DNV GL © 2013
Bunker capacities today
– 30 to 100 m**3
– 200 to 300 m**3
Future
– 400 to 1000 m**3
– 1000 to 2000 m**3
– Above 2000 m**3 up to 10000 to 20000 m**3
Flow rates during LNG bunkering
DNV GL © 2013
Installed as part of the
hose
Coupling breaks before
hose break
No liquid flow
Excluding hose ruptures by movements - Dry break coupling -
Source: Mann Teknik AB
DNV GL © 2013
Flow path opened as part
of connection process
No acess of air into the
system
Prevent spillage.
Keep hazardous liquids
and vapors in-line
Connect and disconnect
under pressure and flow
Remove human error
elements
Currently available up to 8
inch
Excluding handling errors by Dry quick release/disconnect couplings
Source: Mann Teknik AB
DNV GL © 2013 06.06.2014
The development trend is moving from LOCAL …
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Norway
2000 – 2013
DNV GL © 2013 06.06.2014
… to GLOBAL …
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2013 – …
DNV GL © 2013 06.06.2014
… and from SMALL ships to LARGER vessels
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2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
Offshore
Ferry/RORO
In Operation
On Order
Bulk
Container
Gas Carriers
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SAFER, SMARTER, GREENER
www.dnvgl.com
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