marine turtle conservation via cms and other international instruments. report to strategic and...
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MARINE TURTLE CONSERVATION VIA CMS AND OTHER INTERNATIONAL INSTRUMENTS.
REPORT TO STRATEGIC AND PLANNING MEETING
CMS SCIENTIFIC COUNCIL, FORMIA (ITALY), 9-11 OCTOBER 2013.
Dr Colin Limpus, Scientific Councillor, Marine Turtles
CMS: marine turtle conservation actions 1995: appointed Scientific Councillor, marine turtles
1999: MoU Atlantic Coast of Africa
2001: MoU Indian Ocean – South East Asia
BUT THERE ARE OTHER international instrumentsthat have been developed specifically for enhancing
marine turtle conservation management, commencing 1981.
IS INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IMPROVING THE STATUS OF MARINE TURTLE POPUlATIONS?
MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING CONCERNING CONSERVATION MEASURES FOR MARINE TURTLES
OF THE ATLANTIC COAST OF AFRICA
SINCE ~2008 • NO FUNCTIONAL SECRETARIAT• NO WEBSITE• NO DELIVERY OF ACTION PLAN• INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION??
MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING ON THE CONSERVATIONAND MANAGEMENT OF MARINE TURTLES AND THEIR HABITATS
OF THE INDIAN OCEAN AND SOUTH-EAST ASIA
• DYNAMIC SECRETARIAT• EXCELLENT WEBSITE SUPPORT• INTER-GOVERNMENT SUCCESSES• SLOW CHANGE WITHIN COUNTRIES
THE INTER AMERICAN CONVENTION FOR THE PROTECTION AND CONSERVATION OF SEA TURTLES
• FUNCTIONAL SECRETARIAT• WEBSITE SUPPORT• STRONG IN-COUNTRY SUPPORT• STRONG NGO SUPPORT
MANY POPULATIONSIN RECOVERY
FROM PRE-2001 ACTIONS
WIDER CARIBBEAN SEA TURTLE CONSERVATION NETWORK (WIDECAST)
• NGO PARTNERSHIP WITH GOVERNMENTS• WITHIN UNEP CARIBBEAN ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME • DYNAMIC SUPPORT FOR IN-COUNTRY ACTIONS
MANY POPULATIONSIN RECOVERY
EVERY COUNTRY HAS A LOCAL WIDECAST COUNTRY COORDINATOR AND AN IDENTIFIED PERSON/AGENCY RESPONSIBLE FOR SEA TURTLE CONSERVATION
COMMENCED IN 1981
SOUTH PACIFIC REGIONAL ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME (SPREP)
MARINE SPECIES PROGRAMME
• SECRETARIAL SUPPORT• GOOD EDUCATION & TRAINING COMPONENTS• EMPHASIS ON TAGGING & TELEMETRY • POOR SUPPORT FOR SUSTAINABLE HARVEST• LIMITED FUNDING• LOW HUMAN POPULATIONS • DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
WIDE SPREADTAKE OF TURTLE & EGG
1996: MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF PHILIPPINES AND THE GOVERNMENT OF MALAYSIA ON THE ESTABLISHMENT OF
THE TURTLE ISLANDS HERITAGE PROTECTED AREA
• RECOVERING POPULATIONS• SABAH: SUSTANABLE ECOTOURISM• PHILIPPINES: SOME EGG HARVEST• STRONG GOVERNMENT SUPPORT
Significant THREATENING PROCESSES currently impacting multiple marine turtle populations include:
• FISHERIES BYCATCH IN COASTAL WATER• FISHERIES BYCATCH IN OPEN OCEAN• INGESTION OF SYNTHETIC DEBRIS• ENTANGLEMENT IN MARINE DEBRIS• EXCESSIVE HARVEST OF TURTLES• EXCESSIVE HARVEST OF EGS• EXCESSIVE EGG LOSS TO PREDATORS• COASTAL DEVELOPMENT – HABITAT LOSS/DEGRADATION• COASTAL DEVELOPMENT - ALTERED LIGHT HORIZONS AT NESTING BEACHES• CLIMATE CHANGE
NEED CONSERVATION EFFORTS FROM• OVER ARCHING ACTIONS FROM OCEAN BASIN PERSPECTIVE• BILATERAL/MULTINATIONAL INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION• WITHIN COUNTRY GOVERNMENT • LOCAL COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT WITH LOCAL ISSUES
CORALSEA
EAST AUSTRALIAN
CURRENTCaretta caretta: EASTERN AUSTRALIA
NESTING FEMALES
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110
CURVED CARAPACE LENGTH (cm)
0
5
10
15
20
FR
EQ
UE
NC
Y
LOGGERHEAD TURTLES IN THE SOUTH PACIFICA CANDIDATE FOR A “SINGLE SPECIES ACTION PLAN”
Caretta caretta: PERU
POST-HATCHLINGS FROM LONG-LINE FISHERIES
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110
CURVED CARAPACE LENGTH (cm)
0
2
4
6
8
10
FR
EQ
UE
NC
Y
LONGLINEBYCATCH
NESTINGCaretta caretta: EASTERN AUSTRALIA
NSW: POST-HATCHLINGS
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110
CURVED CARAPACE LENGTH (cm)
0
5
10
15
20
FR
EQ
UE
NC
Y
POST-HATCHLINGS
Caretta caretta: EASTERN AUSTRALIA
RECRUITMENT TO COASTAL WATERS
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110
CURVED CARAPACE LENGTH (cm)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
FR
EQ
UE
NC
Y
COASTALRECRUITMENT
PERU&
CHILE
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PACIFICOCEAN
NOT CLEAR SEPARATION & COOPERATION IN DELIVERY OF INTERNATIONAL MARINE TURTLE CONSERVATION
CMS&
IUCN SSC Marine Turtle Specialist Group
POOR LIAISON BETWEEN CMS & RAMSAR
FOR MAXIMISING MARINE TURTLE CONSERVATIONWITHIN RAMSAR SITES